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Better Exposure-Dose models for Pesticides ^
James B. Knaak1, Rogelio Tornero-Velez2, Fred Power2, Jeny H. Blancato2, Curtis C. Dary2
'State University of Hew York at Buffalo, MY. 2U.S. EPA, Human Exposure and Atmospheric Sciences Division, Las Vegas, NV
Technologies
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Reduce uncertainties in
risk assessment through
improved exposure-dose
models.
To address this need,
physiologically-based
pharmacokinetic (PBPK)
models are increasingly
being used in the evaluation
of chemical exposures on
human health.
?MSI®
PBPK models require
metabolism parameters to
properly estimate tissue dose;
however, no single parameter
value is universal to all people
due to population variability in
enzyme levels.
Account for human variability
in metabolism in exposure-
dose model. igfeJtJish a
tractable relationship between
the tissue enzyme content and
metabolic activity in the model.
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1 . Determine the specific
metabolic activity (Vmax, Km)
for each isozyme
(e.g., CYPs, PONi).
3. Employ normalized
metabolism parameter,
based on content of
individual CYP isozymes
in the PBPK model.
NR =
pmol
pmolCYP
pmolCYV
ma MSP
PBPK Model for Parathion
Described in model: q^g^Jnrome P450
isozymes (CYPs) located in the liver catalyze
the activation of parathion to paraoxon, the
toxic cholinesterase (ChE) inhibiting agent.
A-esterases oxonases (PON1), located in brain
catalyze the hydrolysis of paraoxon to nontoxic
hydrolysis products.
2. Determine the specific content of
CYP isozymes in human liver
microsomes (pmol/ mg MSP).
CYP
1A2*
2A6
2B6*
2C9
2C19
2D6
2E1
3A4*
3A5
HLM-3
83
42
83
95
HLM-23
50
20
74
52
38
0.5
HLM-24
85
56
41
85
0.72
HLM-34
77
54
42
29
84
79
1.00
HLM-43
23
70
53
28
306
1.1
HLM-56
35
30
47
22
94
0.7
46.2
52.2
15.6
17.0
14.0
51.6
116
0.82
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a Surface
T I
0
10
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