Ofe) SNAP SIGNIFICANT NEW ALTERNATIVES POLICY *1 PRO"*4- REVISED: www.epa.gov/ozone/snap July 20, 2015 FACT SHEET Final Rule - Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Change of Listing Status for Certain Substitutes under the Significant New Alternatives Policy Program Final Rule What? • Changes the status of certain MFCs now that safer alternatives are available Which industrial sectors are included? • Aerosols • Refrigeration & Air Conditioning • Foam Blowing Who is affected? • Chemical producers and some manufacturers of equipment and products using aerosol propellants, refrigerants, and foam blowing agents When? • Starting in January 2016; see table for dates for all affected end-uses EPA's Significant New Alternatives Policy Program Under section 612 of the Clean Air Act (CAA), EPA reviews substitutes within a comparative risk framework. More specifically, section 612 provides that EPA must prohibit the use of a substitute where EPA has determined that there are other available substitutes or potentially available substitutes that pose less overall risk to human health and the environment. Thus, EPA's Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) program, which implements section 612, does not provide a static list of alternatives but instead evolves the list as the EPA makes decisions informed by our overaii understanding of the environmental and human health impacts as well as our current knowledge about available substitutes. In the more than twenty years since the initial SNAP rule was promulgated, EPA has modified the SNAP lists many times, most often by expanding the list of acceptable substitutes, but in some cases by prohibiting the use of substitutes previously listed as acceptable. Global warming potential (GWP) is one of several criteria EPA considers in the overall evaluation of alternatives under the SNAP program. During the past two decades, the general science on climate change and the potential contributions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as MFCs to climate change have become better understood. MFCs are potent GHGs and although they represent a small fraction of the current total volume of GHG emissions, their warming impact is very strong. HFC emissions are projected to increase substantially and at an increasing rate over the next several decades if left unregulated. In the United States, emissions of HFCs are increasing more quickly than those of any other GHGs, and globally they are increasing 10-15% annually. At that rate, U.S. emissions are projected to double by 2020 and triple by 2030. PAGE 1 OF 6 ------- The President's Climate Action Plan The President's June 2013 Climate Action Plan (CAP) states that, "to reduce emissions of HFCs, the United States can and will lead both through international diplomacy as well as domestic actions." Furthermore, the CAP states that EPA will "use its authority through the Significant New Alternatives Policy Program to encourage private sector investment in low-emissions technology by identifying and approving climate-friendly chemicals while prohibiting certain uses of the most harmful chemical alternatives." In our first effort to take a broader look at the SNAP lists, we have focused on those listed substitutes that have a high GWP relative to other alternatives in specific end-uses. In determining whether to change the status of these substitutes for particular end-uses, we performed a full comparative risk analysis, based on our criteria for review, with other available alternatives also listed as acceptable for these end-uses. Today's Action Under this final rule, various HFCs and HFC-containing blends that were previously listed as acceptable alternatives will be listed as unacceptable in various end-uses in the aerosols, foam blowing, and refrigeration and air conditioning sectors where other alternatives are available or potentially available that pose lower overall risk to human health and the environment. Consistent with CAA section 612 as we have historically interpreted it under the SNAP program, EPA is making these modifications based on evaluation of the substitutes addressed in this action using the SNAP criteria for review and considering the current suite of other available and potentially available substitutes. This action modifies the listings by sector and end-use, as summarized in the table below. For a more detailed table of the status changes by sector and end-use, consult the tables in the addendum to this document. SUMMARY OF SECTORS MODIFIED BY THE FINAL RULE End-Uses Final Rule Change of Status Date* Aerosol Propellants** HFC-125 January 1, 2016 HFC-134a July 20, 2016 / January 1, 2018 HFC-227ea and Blends July 20, 2016 Foams*** Rigid Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Laminated Boardstock January 1, 2017 Flexible Polyurethane January 1, 2017 Integral Skin Polyurethane January 1, 2017 Polystyrene Extruded Sheet January 1, 2017 Phenolic Insulation Board and Bunstock January 1, 2017 Rigid Polyurethane Slabstock and Other January 1, 2019 Rigid Polyurethane Appliance Foam January 1, 2020 Rigid Polyurethane Commercial Refrigeration and Sandwich Panels January 1, 2020 Polyolefin January 1, 2020 Polyurethane Marine Flotation Foam January 1, 2020 Polystyrene Extruded Boardstock and Billet (XPS) January 1, 2021 Rigid Polyurethane Spray Foam No status change finalized Closed Cell Foams Applicability to imports not finalized PAGE 2 OF 6 ------- End-Uses Final Rule Change of Status Date* Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning HCFC & HFC Blends in New Light-Duty Systems MY 2017 HFC-134a in New Light-Duty Systems MY 2021**** Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - Retail Food Refrigeration Supermarket Systems (Retrofitted) July 20, 2016 Supermarket Systems (New) January 1, 2017 Remote Condensing Units (Retrofitted) July 20, 2016 Remote Condensing Units (New) January 1, 2018 Stand-Alone Retail Food Refrigeration Equipment (Retrofitted) July 20, 2016 Stand-Alone Retail Food Refrigeration Equipment (New) January 1, 2019/January 1, 2020 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning -Vending Machines Vending Machines (Retrofitted) July 20, 2016 Vending Machines (New) January 1, 2019 * For more detailed tables of the status changes by sector and end-use, consult the addendum to this document or the Final Rule. ** Certain technical and medical uses remain acceptable. *** Narrowed use limits apply until January 1, 2022 for military and space uses. **** Narrowed use limits apply for export to countries without servicing infrastructure through model year (MY) 2025. PAGE 3 OF 6 ------- Addendum - Status Changes by Sectors and End-Uses AEROSOLS - PROPELLANTS Substitutes Decision Uses that Are Acceptable, Subject to Use Conditions HFC-125 Unacceptable as of January 1, 2016. None. HFC-134a Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 except for uses listed as acceptable, subject to use conditions. From July 20, 2016 to January 1, 2018: • acceptable, subject to use conditions for the following specific uses: • products for which new formulations require federal governmental review, and • products for smoke detector functionality testing. As of July 20, 2016: • acceptable, subject to use conditions for a number of additional uses specified in the rule. HFC-227ea and blends of HFC-227ea and HFC-134a Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 except for uses listed as acceptable, subject to use conditions. As of July 20, 2016: • acceptable for FDA-approved MDIs for medical purposes. FOAMS End-use Substitutes Decision* Rigid Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Laminated Boardstock HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc and blends thereof Acceptable subject to narrowed use limits for military or space- and aeronautics-related applications* and unacceptable for all other uses as of January 1, 2017. Unacceptable for all uses as of January 1, 2022. Flexible Polyurethane HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof Integral Skin Polyurethane HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Polystyrene Extruded Sheet HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Phenolic Insulation Board and Bunstock HFC-143a, HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof Rigid Polyurethane Slabstock and Other HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Acceptable subject to narrowed use limits for military or space- and aeronautics-related applications* and unacceptable for all other uses as of January 1, 2019. Unacceptable for all uses as of January 1, 2022. PAGE 4 OF 6 ------- End-use Substitutes Decision* Rigid Polyurethane Appliance Foam HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Acceptable subject to narrowed use limits for military or space- and aeronautics-related applications* and unacceptable for all other uses as of January 1, 2020. Unacceptable for all uses as of January 1, 2022. Rigid Polyurethane Commercial Refrigeration and Sandwich Panels HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Polyolefin HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, Formacel Z-6 Rigid Polyurethane Marine Flotation Foam HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, and Formacel Z-6 Polystyrene Extruded Boardstock and Billet (XPS) HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, and blends thereof; Formacel Tl, Formacel B, and Formacel Z-6 Acceptable subject to narrowed use limits for military or space- and aeronautics-related applications* and unacceptable for all other uses as of January 1, 2021. Unacceptable for all uses as of January 1, 2022. Rigid Polyurethane Spray Foam No status change finalized. Closed Cell Foams Applicability to imports not finalized. * Under the narrowed use limit, use is limited to military or space- and aeronautics-related applications where reasonable efforts have been made to ascertain that other alternatives are not technically feasible due to performance or safety requirements. MOTOR VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING - NEW LIGHT-DUTY SYSTEMS Substitutes Decision HFC-134a • Unacceptable as of Model Year (MY) 2021, except where allowed under a narrowed use limit through MY 2025. • Acceptable, subject to narrowed use limits, for vehicles exported to countries with insufficient servicing infrastructure to support other alternatives, for MY 2021 through MY 2025. • Unacceptable for all newly manufactured vehicles as of MY 2026. R-406A, R-414A (HCFC Blend Xi, GHG-X4), R-414B (HCFC Blend Omicron), HCFC Blend Delta (Free Zone), Freeze 12, GHG-X5, HCFC Blend Lambda (GHG-HP), R- 416A (FRIGC FR-12, HCFC Blend Beta), SP34E, R-426A (RS-24, new formulation) Unacceptable as of MY 2017. RETAIL FOOD REFRIGERATION End-use Substitutes Decision Supermarket Systems (Retrofit) R-404A, R-407B, R-421B, R-422A, R-422C, R-422D, R- 428A, R-434A, R-507A Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 Supermarket Systems (New) HFC-227ea, R-404A, R-407B, R-421B, R-422A, R-422C, R-422D, R-428A, R-434A, R-507A Unacceptable as of January 1, 2017 Remote Condensing Units (Retrofit) R-404A, R-407B, R-421B, R-422A, R-422C, R-422D, R- 428A, R-434A, R-507A Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 Remote Condensing Units (New) HFC-227ea, R-404A, R-407B, R-421B, R-422A, R-422C, R-422D, R-428A, R-434A, R-507A Unacceptable as of January 1, 2018 Stand-Alone Units (Retrofit) R-404A, R-507A Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 PAGE 5 OF 6 ------- End-use Substitutes Decision Stand-Alone Medium-Temperature Units1 with a compressor capacity below 2,200 Btu/hour and not containing a flooded evaporator (New) FOR12A, FOR12B, HFC-134a, HFC-227ea, KDD6, R- 125/290/134a/600a (55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5), R-404A, R- 407A, R-407B, R-407C, R-407F, R-410A, R-410B, R- 417A, R-421A, R-421B, R-422A, R-422B, R-422C, R- 422D, R-424A, R-426A, R-428A, R-434A, R-437A, R- 438A, R-507A, RS-24 (2002 formulation), RS-44 (2003 formulation), SP34E, THR-03 Unacceptable as of January 1, 2019 Stand-Alone Medium-Temperature Units with a compressor capacity equal to or greater than 2,200 Btu/hour and Stand-Alone Medium-Temperature Units containing a flooded evaporator (New) FOR12A, FOR12B, HFC-134a, HFC-227ea, KDD6, R- 125/290/134a/600a (55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5), R-404A, R- 407A, R-407B, R-407C, R-407F, R-410A, R-410B, R- 417A, R-421A, R-421B, R-422A, R-422B, R-422C, R- 422D, R-424A, R-426A, R-428A, R-434A, R-437A, R- 438A, R-507A, RS-24 (2002 formulation), RS-44 (2003 formulation), SP34E, THR-03. Unacceptable as of January 1, 2020 Stand-Alone Low-Temperature Units2 (New) HFC-227ea, KDD6, R-125/290/134a/600a (55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5), R-404A, R-407A, R-407B, R-407C, R-407F, R-410A, R-410B, R-417A, R-421A, R-421B, R- 422A, R-422B, R-422C, R-422D, R-424A, R-428A, R- 434A, R-437A, R-438A, R-507A, RS-44 (2003 formulation) Unacceptable as of January 1, 2020 VENDING MACHINES End-use Substitutes Decision Retrofit R-404A, R-507A Unacceptable as of July 20, 2016 New FOR12A, FOR12B, HFC-134a, KDD6, R- 125/290/134a/600a (55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5), R-404A, R- 407C, R-410A, R-410B, R-417A, R-421A, R-422B, R- 422C, R-422D, R-426A, R-437A, R-438A, R-507A, RS-24 (2002 formulation), SP34E Unacceptable as of January 1, 2019 HYDROCHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (HCFCs) Sector and End-use Substitutes Decision Aerosols—Propellants HCFC-22 and HCFC-142b Unacceptable as of September 18, 2015 Aerosols—Solvents HCFC-141b and blends thereof Foams—All End-uses HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, HCFC-22, and blends thereof Fire Suppression - Total Flooding HCFC-22 Sterilants Blends containing HCFC-22 Adhesives, Coatings, and Inks—All End-uses HCFC-141b and blends thereof 1 "Medium-temperature" refers to equipment that maintains food or beverages at temperatures above 32°F (0 °C). 2 "Low-temperature" refers to equipment that maintains food or beverages at temperatures at or below 32°F (0 °C). 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