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x/u™„dS,»,eS o	EPA Plans to Renew Exemption

Environmental Protection	¦

for Hazardous Waste Wells

Vickery Environmental Inc.

Vickery, Ohio	December 2014

Comment period and
public hearing scheduled

U.S. EPA is taking comments from
the public on its plan to reissue an
exemption from federal regulations
for Vickery Environmental Inc. The
public comment period ends
Tuesday, January 20.

U.S. EPA will hold an open house
from 6 to 7 p.m., followed by a
formal public hearing from 7 to 8:30
p.m., on Thursday, January 8:
Townsend Township
Volunteer Fire Department
5076 County Road 247
Vickery

How to comment

You can comment during the public
hearing or send written comments
to:

Stephen Roy

U.S. EPA (WU-16J)

77 W. Jackson Blvd.

Chicago, IL 60604-3590
ro> .Stephen a epa.gox
FAX: 312-692-2951

For more information

To see the draft decision document,
visit the Clyde Public Library
Reference Desk, 222 W. Buckeye
St. The full administrative record,
including all data submitted by VEI,
is at the EPA's regional office
(address above). Contact Stephen
Roy at 312-886-6556 for an
appointment.

To learn about EPA's Underground
Injection Control Program, visit
www.epa.gov/r5water/uic.

You may call the EPA toll-free,
800-621-8431, Ext. 66556,
weekdays, 9:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

°tTa-o	

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency plans to approve a request
from Vickery Environmental Inc. to continue injecting hazardous waste
deep beneath the earth's surface. The Agency will consider public
comments (see box, left) before making a final decision.

VEI has four injection wells at 3856 State Route 412, Vickery. VEI
operates the wells under permits from the Ohio EPA. Those permits allow
the company to dispose of liquid hazardous waste from a variety of
sources.

The company also needs an exemption from the federal ban on
underground disposal of hazardous waste. U.S. EPA makes decisions
about these exemptions. EPA originally approved the exemption in 1990.
If reissued the exemption will be valid until June 2027 based on the
modeling done m 2007.

U.S. EPA found the company has shown - based on a reliable prediction -
that injected waste will not move out of the injection zone within 10,000
years. The company has also shown that waste will not come into contact
with any underground source of drinking water.

Background

Federal law prohibits the disposal of untreated hazardous waste on the land
or into an injection well. The law allows U.S. EPA to grant exemptions.
To qualify for an exemption, an owner or operator of an injection well
must demonstrate, with a reasonable degree of certainty, that injected
material will stay in the injection zone for as long as the waste is
hazardous. That can be done by showing conditions at the injection site
will prevent any movement of injected waste out of the injection zone in
10,000 years, and that conditions will prevent the possibility of waste
contaminating any underground source of drinking water. This is known as
a no-migration demonstration. VEI made an acceptable no-migration
demonstration in its request that U.S. EPA reissue the 1990 exemption.

Technical information

VEI uses hazardous waste wells, which U.S. EPA calls Class I wells, to
inject into a geologic interval composed of the Mt. Simon Sandstone. The
top and bottom of the injection interval are 2,791 and 2,950 feet below


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ground level, respectively. The deepest supply of
drinking water in the area is approximately 574 feet
below ground level, so there is approximately 2,217
feet of separation between the drinking water source
and the injected hazardous waste. A containment
interval is just above the injection interval. The top and
bottom of the containment interval are 2,344 and 2,791
feet below the ground surface, respectively. The
containment interval keeps the injected fluid in the
injection zone because it contains low-permeability
rock and does not have faults or fractures that could
allow the fluid to move upward. The injection interval
and the containment interval together are called the
injection zone. A 544-foot thick confining zone lies
above the injection zone. Extending laterally for
hundreds of miles, the confining zone provides
additional protection.

All injection wells have an "area of review." In this
case, the area of review extends five miles around the
well bore. If there are other wells in the area of review
that are not properly plugged or abandoned, they could
serve as a pathway for waste migration from the
injection zone. VEI identified six wells within the area
of review and showed these wells were properly
plugged and abandoned. There are no known faults in
the area of review that connect the injection interval
with drinking water sources.

The VEI wells are permitted by Ohio EPA. Under the
permits, the wells must pass an annual pressure test and
a radioactive tracer survey to confirm the injected
fluids are entering the injection interval and not moving
up the well bore out of the injection zone. These tests
demonstrate the mechanical integrity of a well's key
components. The wells passed the annual pressure test
and radioactive tracer survey performed between May
and June of 2014.

Conditions of petition approval

The proposed reissuance of the exemption is subject to
conditions. Failure to comply with the conditions is
grounds for termination of the exemption. VEI must
submit a petition for reissuance if it wants to modify
any of the following conditions:

1.	The exemption applies to the four existing
hazardous waste injection wells at the VEI facility.

2.	Injection of restricted hazardous waste is limited to
the part of the Mt. Simon Sandstone at depths
between 2,791 and 2,950 feet below the surface.

3.	Only restricted wastes designated by the codes in
Table 1 in the draft decision may be injected.

4.	Maximum concentrations of chemicals allowed to
be injected are listed in Table 2 in the draft decision.

5.	The average specific gravity of the injected waste
stream must be no less than 1.08 over a three-month
period.

6.	The cumulative volume of wastes injected into the
wells must not exceed 10,368,000 gallons per
month.

7.	The exemption is approved for the 20-year modeled
injection period, which ends on June 30, 2027. VEI
may petition for a reissuance of the exemption
beyond that date, provided the company gives U.S.
EPA a new and complete petition and no-migration
demonstration by Jan. 31, 2027.

8.	VEI must submit a quarterly report to U.S. EPA
containing an analysis of the injected waste and
indicating the chemical and physical properties,
including the concentrations, of all the injected
chemicals listed in Table 2 in the draft decision.

9.	VEI must submit to U.S. EPA an annual report
containing the results of a bottom hole pressure
survey (fall-off test) performed on one well each
year. The survey must be performed according to 40
CFR § 146.68(e)(1). The annual report must
demonstrate that the properties of the injection
interval have not changed significantly since the
exemption was granted.

10.	VEI must annually submit to U.S. EPA the results of
radioactive tracer surveys and annulus pressure tests
for the wells. (The annulus is the area of the well
that separates the inner tubing through which fluids
are injected and the outer portion of the well.)

These tests demonstrate whether the wells are
working properly.

11.	VEI shall notify U.S. EPA in writing if any well
loses mechanical integrity and prior to any workover
or plugging.

12.	VEI must fully comply with all requirements set
forth in underground injection control permits issued
by Ohio EPA.

13.	The exemption is subject to review upon the
expiration, cancellation, reissuance, or modification
of the Ohio EPA well permits.

14.	Whenever U.S. EPA determines that the basis for
approval of a petition under 40 CFR §§ 148.23 and
148.24 may no longer be valid, the Agency may
terminate this exemption and require a new
demonstration.


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