«>EPA	EPA Proposes Change to

United States	'

Groundwater Cleanup Plan

United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

Rockwell International (Allegan Plant) Site

Allegan, Michigan	June 2016

Share your opinion

EPA encourages you to comment
on the proposed change in the
groundwater cleanup plan. The
Agency will only select a final
cleanup plan after reviewing
comments received during the
public comment period, which runs
from June 10 to July 11.

There are several ways to submit
written comments:

•	Fill out and mail the enclosed
comment form.

•	Send an email to Cheryl Allen
at allen.cheryl@epa.gov.

•	Fax to 312-408-2234.

Read the proposed plan

More details are available on our
website and at the local information
repository (see back page).

Contact EPA

For more information about the site
or to request a public meeting,
contact one of these team members:

Cheryl Allen

Community Involvement Coordinator

312-353-6196

Allen .cheryl@epa.gov

Jena Sleboda Braun

Remedial Project Manager

312-886-0272

sleboda.jena@epa.gov

You may call EPA"s Chicago office
toll-free at 800-621-8431,
93© a.m. - 5:30 p.m. weekdays.

On-site water treatment system.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, working with the Michigan Department
of Environmental Quality, is proposing changes to the plan for cleaning up
groundwater pollution at the Rockwell International (Allegan Plant) site.1
Groundwater is a term for underground supplies of drinking water.

Quarterly groundwater monitoring has shown that removing the source of
contamination significantly reduced groundwater pollution. Cleanup goals have
been met, or will be met once groundwater and site use restrictions are in place.

EPA plans to drop these three parts of the cleanup plan because they are no
longer necessary to protect people or the environment:

•	Building a clay wall to surround the site (fully or partially) and restrict
groundwater flow.

•	Installing what's known as a permeable reactive barrier within the clay
wall that reacts with the contaminants in the water to treat the
groundwater before releasing it to the Kalamazoo River.

•	A contingency plan to complete the clay wall and extraction and
treatment of groundwater if needed.

The rest of the plan is unchanged. Cleanup of the soil and sources of
contamination included removing the former manufacturing buildings and
associated foundations and infrastructure, and removing, treating and disposing
of contaminated soil and sediment off-site.

1 Section 117(a) of the Comprehensive Emimnmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERLC4,
requires publication ofa notice ami a proposedplanfor the site cleanup. The pmposedplan tmtstalso be made
mailable to the publicfor comment. This fact sheet is a summary ofinformation contained in the remedial
irnvstigation, feasibility study, and other documents in the administrative recordforthe Rockwell International
(Allegan Plant) site. Please consult those documents for more detailed infom ration.


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Site description

The site is an inactive manufacturing facility on about 30
acres bordering the Kalamazoo River in Allegan. It is
bordered on the east by River Street, on the south by
North Street, on the west by the city of Allegan
wastewater treatment plant and on the northwest and
north by the Kalamazoo River (see map below). The site
and immediate surrounding area are used for residential
and industrial purposes. North Ward Elementary School
is about 200 feet east of the site across River Street.
Jaycee Park is immediately across a fonner railroad
bridge to the south that has frequent foot traffic.

Site history

Allegan Mirror and Plate Glass Co. owned the site from
1901 to 1914. The company manufactured glass
products. Blood Brothers Machine Co. purchased the
site in 1914 for manufacturing universal joints and
automobiles. Then in 1938, Standard Steel Spring
purchased the site to manufacture dri vel ines. At that
time, operations included steel heat-treatment and
machining, and parts assembly. Heat-treatment
processes included annealing, which is heating the metal
to make it stronger. Oil quenching, which is the process
of using oil to harden the steel, was also used. These
processes continued until site manufacturing operations
ceased. Case-hardening using cyanide-salt baths was
conducted until 1947. Case hardening involves
hardening the outer layer of the metal while the inside
remains soft. Through a series of mergers, in 1953

Rockwell became the site owner and operator, hi 1981,
as part of its responsibilities under a federal law
regulating the use of hazardous waste, Rockwell
submitted a report notifying EPA of hazardous waste at
the site. As a result, in 1984, EPA conducted a
preliminary assessment, which showed contamination at
the site. On July 22, 1987, the site was placed on the
National Priorities List, a list of Superfund sites
nationwide.

Rockwell began to scale back operations in the mid-
1980s, and decommissioning activities began in 1987,
although Rockwell continued to operate at the site until
1996. In 1990, inventory materials were transferred to
other Rockwell facilities, floor drains were plugged and
asbestos was removed. Also in 1990, the western section
of the site was sold to the Allegan Industrial
Redevelopment Corp. In 1992, tanks from an on-site
wastewater treatment plant were cleaned and filled with
sand. The eastern section of the site was sold to Allegan
Metal Finishing in 1995. In 1996, ownership of the
western section of the facility reverted to the city of
Allegan. The eastern portion of the site was sold to JML
Real Estate LLC in 2014. Rockwell's automotive
division spun off into Meritor Inc., which later merged
with Arvin Inc. to form ArvinMeritor Inc. In 2011,
ArvinMeritor changed its name back to Meritor, the
current party considered responsible for the cleanup at
the site.

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Use this space to write your comments

EPA is interested in your comments on the proposed changes to the groundwater cleanup plan for Rockwell International
(Allegan Plant) site. You may use the space below to write your comments and fold, stamp and mail to EPA Community
Involvement Coordinator Cheryl Allen. Comments must be postmarked by July 11. If you have questions, contact Allen at
312-353-6196, or toll-free at 800-621-8431, Ext. 36196, 9:30 a.m. - 5:30 p.m., weekdays.

Name:

Affiliation:

Address:

City:
State:

Zip:


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Rockwell International (Allegan Plant) Site - Comment Sheet

Fold on dashed lines, seal, stamp, and mail

Name		

Address		

City		

State		 Zip

Cheryl Allen

Community Involvement Coordinator
U.S. EPA Region 5
Superfund Division (SI-7J)
77 W. Jackson Blvd.

Chicago, IL 60604-3590


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Site investigation

In 1989, Meritor Inc. began an investigation under EPA
oversight. Meritor submitted draft reports of that
investigation to EPA in 1990, 1993, 1997 and 1998.
However, EPA took over the investigation in 1998. The
Agency completed its investigation at the site in 2001.
The results of EPA's investigation showed the site posed
a risk to people and the environment and required
cleanup.

Cleanup decision

In 2001, EPA evaluated several alternatives for cleaning
up the soil, groundwater, sediment and surface water m
the on-site wastewater treatment plant holding ponds. In
2002, EPA selected a cleanup plan for the site, which
included:

•	Digging up and disposing of contaminated soil
and holding pond sediment off-site.

•	Demolishing and removing the former
manufacturing building and foundation.

•	Investigating and removing any contaminated
drains, etc., found under the building.

•	Restoring the site to current grade, with the
option of allowing the areas near the Kalamazoo
River to return to their historical elevation.

•	Restricting development and access to
contamination.

•	Building a clay wall to surround the site (fully or
partially) and restrict groundwater flow.*

•	Installing permeable material within the clay
wall that reacts with the contaminants in the
water to treat the groundwater before releasing it
to the Kalamazoo River. This is called a
permeable reactive barrier.*

•	Installing additional monitoring wells and
developing a groundwater monitoring program.

•	Restricting groundwater use.

•	A contingency plan to complete the clay wall
and extraction and treatment of groundwater if
needed.*

*jNote, these are the three components EPA is
proposing to eliminate.

Cleanup activities

Contaminated soil and sediment were dug up and
removed from the site from April 2006 to November
2006 and then again from October 2010 to January 2011.
A total of 32,571 tons of contaminated soil and sediment
were disposed of off-site. The site was also leveled and
graded. Any contaminated groundwater exposed during
the digging was treated on-site and discharged to the city
of Allegan wastewater treatment plant.

Also removed from the site were utilities, a historical oil-
water separator, catch basins, and sewer and other piping.
All excavated areas were backfilled with clean soil. The
former manufacturing building and foundation were also
demolished, but some building foundations and slabs
remain. No contamination was found during testing in these
areas. However, because there could be contamination
beneath these foundations and slabs, access restrictions need
to be implemented in these areas to ensure people remain
protected. EPA is determining what groundwater and site
use restrictions will be needed.

In October 2012, EPA approved the groundwater
monitoring program. The purpose of the monitoring was
to evaluate the effectiveness of cleanup. As part of that
plan, 21 new monitoring wells were installed in the areas
most affected by contamination. The results of the
sampling of those and 29 existing wells is what
prompted this proposed change in the cleanup plan at the
site.

From about 1950 to 1974, the city of Allegan
operated a municipal landfill partially on the
site. An investigation showed no current or
future risk posed by the landfill. In July 1995.
EPA concluded that no cleanup needed to be
done at the landfill.

Digging up contaminated soil and sediment at the site.

3


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Next steps

Before making a final decision on the proposed changes
in the groundwater cleanup plan, EPA will review
comments received during the public comment period.
Based on the comments, EPA, working with MDEQ,
may modify its recommended changes, so your opinion
is important. The Agency encourages you to review and
comment on this proposed change in the groundwater
cleanup plan. More detailed information on the changes
being proposed is available in the official documents on
file at the information repositories or EPA's website (see
box, right).

EPA will respond to the comments in a document called
a "Responsiveness Summary." This will be part of
another document called the "Record of Decision
Amendment" that describes the final cleanup plan. The
Agency will announce the selected cleanup plan in a
local newspaper, place a copy in the information
repositories and post it on the Web.

For more information

You may review site-related documents at:

Allegan Public Library
331 Hubbard St.

Allegan

On the Web:

www.epa.gov/superfund/rockwell-intl-allegan/

An Administrative Record, which contains detailed
information that will be used in the selection of the
cleanup plan, is also located at the Allegan Public
Library.

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