United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

Office of Land
and

Emergency Management

August 2016
www.epa.gov

EPCRA

HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL REPORTING ADVISORY

Facilities Operating in the Plastics Industry

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has learned that some facilities in the
plastics industry that store, process, use, or otherwise handle plastic resins may not be
reporting these hazardous chemicals to state and local authorities as required under the
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA). EPA inspectors
conducted EPCRA inspections at several rotational plastic molding facilities. These
facilities transform polyethylene and polypropylene resins into a variety of plastic molds
which are then assembled into finished products for distribution. Facility representatives
indicated to the inspectors that not only were they unaware the resins were considered
hazardous chemicals and, therefore, potentially subject to EPCRA reporting
requirements, but that similar companies within their trade association were equally
uninformed. The purpose of this advisory is to raise awareness in the plastics industry of
the hazardous chemical reporting requirements of Sections 311 and 312 of EPCRA.

A facility owner or operator must comply with the hazardous chemical reporting
requirements of EPCRA if: 1) the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA)
Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) requires the facility to prepare or have available a
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for a hazardous chemical,
and 2) that hazardous chemical is present onsite in quantities that meet or exceed its
designated threshold level. See 40 CFR Section 370.10. EPA has not issued a list of
hazardous chemicals subject to this reporting, but rather relies on the definition of
hazardous chemical under the OSHA regulations: "Any chemical which is classified as a
physical hazard or a health hazard, a simple asphyxiant, combustible dust, pyrophoric
gas, or hazard not otherwise classified." See 29 CFR Section 1910.1200(c).

Manufacturers have classified some plastic resins as combustible dusts on corresponding
MSDSs/SDSs. Combustible Dust is not defined in the HCS. However, it is defined in
OSHA's Combustible Dust National Emphasis Program (NEP) as: "A combustible
particulate solid that presents a fire or deflagration hazard when suspended in air or
some other oxidizing medium over a range of concentrations, regardless of particle size
or shape." Combustible Particulate Solid is defined as: "Any combustible solid material
composed of distinct particles or pieces, regardless of size, shape, or chemical
composition."

OSHA has advised EPA that the combustible dust definition is not limited to the portion
of material which is airborne. If the MSDS/SDS of a material states that it is a combustible
dust, then the material, even while resting on a surface or stored in a silo, would still be a

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EPCRA Hazardous Chemical Reporting Advisory

August 2016

combustible dust by definition. An example of this can be seen in the January 2003 dust
explosion at West Pharmaceutical Services in Kinston, NC, where six employees died and
thirty-eight were injured. The Chemical Safety Board (CSB) investigated the accident and
traced the explosion to the accumulation of polyethylene combustible dust on hidden
surfaces above the production area. See the CSB's Investigation Digest on the incident at
http://www.csb.gOv/assets/l/19/West Digest.pdf.

If you have combustible dust or any other hazardous chemical present onsite above
threshold levels for which you are required to maintain an MSDS/SDS, you are subject to
reporting under EPCRA Sections 311 and 312. You must submit to the State Emergency
Response Commission (SERC). the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). and the
fire department(s) with jurisdiction over your facility:

•	An MSDS/SDS for each hazardous chemical present at your facility that
meets or exceeds its applicable threshold level; or

•	A list of all hazardous chemicals (grouped by hazard category) present at
your facility at or above the applicable threshold levels within 3 months
after you first become subject to the reporting requirements. This is a
one-time submission unless new information about the hazardous
chemical is discovered or the LEPC requests a subsequent submission.

See 40 CFR Sections 370.30 through 370.33.

•	Inventory information on the hazardous chemicals present at your facility
during the preceding calendar year at or above the applicable threshold
levels. This inventory report must be submitted on or before March 1st of
each year after you become subject to the reporting requirements. See
40 CFR Sections 370.40 through 370.45.

You are encouraged to contact your SERC to determine your state's requirements for
inventory reporting formats, procedures, and to obtain inventory forms. Many states
require electronic reporting.

Reporting hazardous chemical information to state and local agencies is important to
ensure that emergency responders can effectively and safely plan for and respond to
incidents that may involve your facility and increase public awareness of the chemical
risks in their community. This ultimately helps to protect human health and the
environment.

For more information about EPCRA, please visit: https://www.epa.gov/epcra

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