§§) Ambient Ama /vonia Monitoring ~ Fechnologies et^ Ann Louise Sumner, Ken Cowen, Amy Dindal, and Karen Riggs Battelle, Measurement end Data Analysis Sciences, Columbus, Ohio Jerry Hatfield U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Soil Tilth Laboratory, Ames, Iowa Robert Fuerst U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Abstract The performance of seven ambient ammonia monitoring technologies was recently verified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program's Advanced Monitoring Systems (AMS) Center. The technologies were tested under an EPA cooperative agreement with Battelle Memorial Institute in collaboration with the United States Department of Agriculture National Soil Tilth Laboratory in Ames, Iowa. Ambient emissions from animal feeding operations (AFOs), account for approximately 65% of the national ammonia emissions, based on 2002 emission data. Decision-makers within the environmental industry need high quality, credible performance data to evaluate ammonia monitoring technologies under the conditions at and near AFOs. The seven technologies verified by the AMS Center (see below) could be used to enhance the scientific understanding of the environmental effects ammonia concentrations have on the emissions at AFOs. The ammonia monitors were evaluated on a number of performance parameters, including relative accuracy, linearity, precision, response time, calibration and baseline drift, interference effects, comparability to a reference method, ease of use, and data completeness. The verification test was conducted in two phases, each at separate animal feeding operations. Phase I was conducted at a swine finishing farm and Phase II was conducted at a cattle feedlot. All tests were performed in accordance with the Test/QA Plan for the Verification of Ambient Ammonia Monitors at Animal Feeding Operations (http://www. epa.gov/etv/pdfs/testplan/01_tp_ammonia.pdf). The results of this performance verification can be found at http://www.epa. gov/etv/verifications/vcenterl-30.html These performance data will assist users of ammonia monitoring technologies, such as farm owners, researchers, permitters, and regulatory agencies, to better control ammonia emissions through better monitoring. Real-time monitoring data will enable users of this type of technology to evaluate the efficacy of control technologies and management plans intended to reduce ammonia emissions at AFOs. Verified Technologies QC-TILDAS Company: Aerodyne Research, Inc. Address: 45 Manning Rd. Billerica, MA 01821 Phone: 978-663-9500 Fax: 978-663-4918 Web Site:www.aerodyne.com E-Mail: shorter@aerodyne.com OPAG 22 Open-Path Gas Analyzer Company: Bruker Daltonics, Inc. Address: 40 Manning Rd. Billerica, MA 01821 Phone: 978-663-3660 Fax: 978-667-5993 Web Site: www.bdai.com E-Mail: fnt@bdal.com u lonPro-IMS Ammonia Analyzer Company: Molecular Analytics, Division of Particle Measuring Systems Address: 8475 Airport Blvd. Boulder, Colorado 80301 Phone: 800-238-1801 Fax: 303-546-7331 Web Site: www.ionpro.com E-Mail: kwebber@pmeasuring.com TGA310 Ammonia Analyzer Company: Omnisens SA Address: Pare Scientifique d'Ecublens 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Phone: +41 216938486 Fax: +41 12742031 Web Site: www.omnisens.ch/ E-Mail: info@omnisens.ch NitroluxTM 1000 Ammonia Analyzer Company: Pranalytica, Inc. Address: 1101 Colorado Ave. Santa Monica, CA 90401 Phone: 310-458-3345 Fax:310-458-0171 Web Site: www.pranalytica.com E-Mail: patel@pranalytica.com AiRRmonia Ammonia Analyzer Company: Mechatronics Instruments BV Address: P.O. Box 225 1620 AE Hoorn The Netherlands Phone: +31 229 291129 Fax: +31 229 241534 Web Site: www.mechatronics.nl E-Mail: rob@mechatronics.nl Model 17C Ammonia Analyzer Company: Thermo Electron Corp. Address: 72 Forge Parkway Franklin, MA 02038 Phone: 508-553-6850 Fax: 508-520-0430 Web Site: www.thermo.com/ E-Mail: michael.nemergut@thermo.com Verification Test Results A selection of verification test data is shown here: The complete verification reports and summary statements are available on the ETV website at: http://www.epa.gov/etv/verifications/verification-index.htm Phase I - Example Ambient Measurement Data Phase I - Example Ambient Data and Reference Method Measurements 1 * P:: l »¦ si jfywry M: l ™" | 20>iJ" ^ tStXi- aiioom scion Dm =>aaia»3 ioiioks Summary of Comparability Results Phase I Phase II Monitor Slope Intercept (ppb) r2 Slope Intercept (ppb) r2 1 1.09 14.4 0.982 0.984 -9.5 0.994 2 Did not participate 1.15 -4.1 0.994 3 1.46 -6.7 0.984 1.10 21.6 0.979 4 1.18 -1.7 0.976 0.41 58 0.538 5 1.2 16 0.984 0.86 -0.5 0.990 6 Did not participate. Insufficient data 7 Did not participate 1.56 | -15.4 | 0.994 Phase I - Example Comparability Analysis Phase II - Example Analyzer Response to NH Gas Standards ><00 Ivr I'tUw !»» n .y J roc ^ r=D.wa 1=" Co-ie»#!«Soii lit*. • Summary of Linearity Results Phase I Phase II Monitor Range (ppb) Slope Intercept (ppb) r2 Range (ppb) Slope Intercept (ppb) r2 1 0 - 3,030 0 - 2,326 0.840 0.962 35 1.5 0.999 1.000 0 - 2,000 0.919 -8.8 1.000 2 Did not participate 0 - 2,000 0.966 15.9 1.000 3 0 - 5,000 0 - 5,000 1.25 0.924 13.2 -12.8 1.000 0.999 0 - 2,000 0 - 2,000 0.586 0.716 -12.2 -58.5 0.999 0.985 4 0- 10,000 1.28 136 0.996 0 - 2,000 1.02 -2.4 1.000 5 0- 10,000 1.03 -24 1.000 0 - 2,000 0.90 -0.6 1.000 6 Did not participate 0-1,152 0.583 24.9 0.914 7 Did not participate 0-1,000 0.815 1.1 1.000 Phase I: AFO Test Site Large swine finishing farm (up to 20,000 swine) Ames, Iowa September 8 - October 3, 2003 Phase II: AFO Test Site Cattle feed lot (2,000-3,000 head) Carroll, Iowa October 20 - November 14, 2003 The performance of commercially-available ammonia analyzers was evaluated based on the following test parameters: ~ Relative Accuracy. Percent difference of analyzer response compared with NH3 gas standard concentrations ~ Linearity. Linear regression analysis of analyzer response compared with NH3 gas standard concentrations ~ Precision Relative standard deviation of analyzer response while sampling NH3 gas standards ~ Response Time Time to reach 95% of the change in stable reading during delivery of NH3 gas standards ~ Calibration/zero Drift Response to zero air and 1,000 ppb NH3 standards delivered up to 6 times during each phase of testing ~ Interference effects Analyzer response to potentially interfering gases (hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, 1,3-butadiene, and diethylamine) ~ Comparability Linear regression of average analyzer response to ambient air compared to reference method measurements ~ Ease of Use Qualitative evaluation made by test staff of the maintenance and skill needed to operate analyzer ~ Data Completeness Percentage of possible data collected by analyzer Disclaimer: The ETV verifications are based on evaluation of technology performance under specific predetermined criteria and the appropriate quality assurance procedures. The EPA and Battelle make no expressed or implied warrantees as to the performance of the technology and do not certify that a technology will always operate as verified. The end user is solely responsible for complying with any and all applicable federal, state, and local requirements. Mention of commercial product names does not imply endorsement. epascienceforum Collaborative Science for Environmental Solutions ------- |