The Markets for
C&D Materials

Common approaches to marketing C&D materials
include direct outreach to retailers, end users and
developers, contacting brokers, hosting auctions and
on-site sales. Groups interested in deconstruction
materials include homeowners, architects, developers,
artists, historic preservationists and interior designers,
among others.

In addition, many communities now have stores that
accept and resell donated surplus building materials.
Stores, contractors and online materials exchanges are
listed in a directory hosted by the Building Materials
Reuse Association (www.bui I di n arc usc. org).



Resources

From clear project steps to well-established markets, today
is a great time to explore opportunities for innovative
materials management projects at brownfields in your
community. To explore potential opportunities further,
please check out the resources below and contact the EPA
Region 4 Brownfield Program.

EPA's Deconstruction Rapid Assessment Tool

www.epa.gov/large-scale-residential-demolition/
deconstruction-rapid-assessment-tool
This EPA tool helps organizations prioritize structures for
C&D materials recovery and recycling. The assessment
process looks at information about a building's condition
and salvageable material inventory. It considers factors that
may affect the value of the building, such as age, structural
integrity, materials and architectural features, and provides
guidance regarding potential next steps.

Building Materials Reuse Association (BMRA) | bmra.org
This national nonprofit focuses on advancing and
increasing opportunities for the recovery, reuse and
recycling of building materials in an environmentally
sound and financially sustainable way.

Construction & Demolition Recycling Association (CDRA)

cdrecycling.org | The CDRA promotes the
environmentally sound recycling of the more than 500
million tons of recoverable C&D materials generated in
the United States annually.

National Demolition Association (NDA)

www.demolitionassociation.com

Tie NDA emphasizes opportunities for debris recycling,
environmental remediation and architectural salvage
during demolition projects.



ME*

oEPA

EPA's Brownfields Program empowers states, communities and other stakeholders in economic
redevelopment to work together to prevent, assess, safely clean up and sustainably reuse
brownfields. The EPA Region 4 Brownfields Program serves Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and six tribes. The program works with
agencies, communities, and other public and nonprofit partners to identify, assess, safely clean up
and plan for the revitalization and reuse of brownfields across the southeastern United States.

For more information, please contact:

EPA Region 4 Brownfields Program
(404) 562-8371 | www.epa.goy/node/56563

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Innovative Materials Management

Maximizing the Value of
Brownfield Redevelopment
Projects

Reusing brownfields often means finding new ways of doing things -
fromfunding through projectplanning and redevelopment.Brownfields
are innovation opportunities. This brochure explores a powerful tool,
innovative materials management, available to communities, local
governments and their development partners. Recovering and recycling
construction and demolition (C&D) materials at brownfields supports
the sustainable reuse of these areas by maximizing the economic and
environmental value of the materials.

Structures on brownfields - old warehouses, factories, mills, refineries,
offices - are often seen as an impediment to redevelopment and
revitalization. Retaining and reusing parts of these structures can give
them new life as well as preserve community heritage. They can serve
as the symbolic cornerstones of new development projects as well as
open space and recreation areas and other community amenities.

This brochure provides key information to help you and other
EPA brownfields grantees across the Southeast and the nation get
started with your own projects. Please read on to learn more about
innovative materials management and how communities in Alabama,

Mississippi and Georgia have taken different approaches to overcome
redevelopment challenges and achieve remarkable results, cost savings
and environmental benefits.

Benefits of Innovative Materials Management Projects

•	Reduces the amount of waste
sent to landfills and incinerators.

•	Conserves natural resources
such as timber, water and
minerals.

•	Conserves energy and reduces
greenhouse gas emissions.

increases economic security by
tapping a domestic source of
materials.

Prevents pollution by reducing
the need to collect new raw
materials.

Provides opportunities for
workforce and contractor
training.

What if that old building in the
middle of your revitalization
project was a resource rather
than a liability? What if that
old tower or other unique
feature could accent a new
development or parks and
trails in the community? What
if that building might become
the centerpiece of a new
project?

According to the Construction
& Demolition Recycling
Association (CDRA), more
than 583 million tons of C&D

materials are generated
annually. Recovering, diverting
and recycling these materials
would avoid filling in 4,300
acres of landfill every year.

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Kuhn Memorial State Hospital
Vicksburg, Mississippi

The former Kuhn Memorial State Hospital was a community
eyesore, vacant for decades. In 2017, the city of Vicksburg received
a $400,000 EPA brownfields cleanup grant to remove asbestos
from the complex's two main buildings, dig up an underground
storage tank (U5T), and deconstruct the structures on site. Nearly
3,000 gallons of weathered diesel fuel was recovered from the
UST and recycled, saving the city about $5,000 in disposal costs.
During the deconstruction of the buildings, nearly g8 percent of
ail metai was recycled.The city was able to crush about g,ooo
tons of concrete and brick to meet Mississippi Department of
Transportation specifications for crushed stone aggregate. The
recycled C&D material is valued at $126,000 and the city now
uses it for its public works projects. Outside of required asbestos
disposal, nearly g4 percent of all C&D materials from the former
Kuhn Memorial Hospital has been recovered and recycled.

Innovative Materials
Management - Project Steps

C&D recovery approaches range from full
deconstruction, in which an entire structure is
dismantled, to soft-stripping, where only easy-to-
capture materials such as appliances and cabinets
or high-value materials such as old-growth
lumber, quarried stone and copper are salvaged.
Five straightforward steps, outlined below, guide
successful C&D recovery projects.

S Inventory Materials

Make a detailed inventory of all building

materials. Distinguish between materials
that should be salvaged, reused, recycled or
disposed of. Track the types of materials, their
estimated quantities and condition, and any
possible contamination by hazardous materials
such as asbestos and lead.

. Jf Identify Markets

* I • Determine what materials can be

..hill

conveniently and cost-effectively reused
or recycled on site as well as in surrounding areas.

^ Evaluate Costs and Benefits

Identify any costs associated with
reusing and recycling materials from the
deconstruction project. Identify the broader benefits
as well, such as waste reduction, job creation and
environmental protection. The completed project
can receive points for green-building certifications
by reusing/recycling materials. Compare the benefits
with the costs associated with traditional demolition
and disposal.

Plan for Storage

Create a plan for the management,
storage and separation of deconstruction project
materials on site or nearby. Some materials may
be comingled with other materials for recycling.
Other materials will need to be separated.

m' b Focus on Education and Capacity
' * '¦ Building

Tell employees and contractors about new
operating procedures. Everyone involved in a
deconstruction project needs to understand how to
manage building materials efficiently and effectively.
A materials management plan is essential.

^2. I



Wehadkee Dye Plant j Talladega, Alabama

Innovative local leadership enabled the deconstruction of this
former chemical dye plant at no cost to the community.The
city initially estimated that demolition of the plant would cost
between $50,000 and $100,000. After acquiring the facility,
the city advertised it on the GovDeals website. Strong interest
resulted in a high sales price - $65,000 - that the city used to
fund community projects.The winning bidder deconstructed the
building, including environmental hazard abatement, and used
clean material to level the property, in return for keeping all
recyclable materials.

Langdale and Riverdale Mills

Valley, Alabama
A materials inventory for these
two former mills identified
iog,000 board feet of lumber,
2og,ooo pounds of metal and
63,000 bricks valued at over
$160,000 that can be recovered
for reuse and resale, helping
to offset deconstruction costs.
Redevelopment planning for both
properties is currently moving
forward.The city of Valley received
EPA brownfields assessment and
cleanup grants to support these
efforts.

Project Steps
at Brownfields

Taking these steps at brownfields also requires
creativity, patience and ingenuity The case studies
on these pages highlight how local governments
overcame significant obstacles to make innovative
materials management projects possible.

For example, the city of Vicksburg faced conflicting
bid regulations when contemplating demolition
and reuse of hospital building materials. The
lowest bid had to be considered for demolition,
but the highest bid was required for salvage of
city property. Reconciliation of these requirements
required a bid ammendment with greater detail
on the demolition process and required recycling
of bricks, steel and concrete. Ultimately, since
the project was still considered a cost to the city
(although a much lower cost due to the value of the
C&D materials recovered), the "low-bid" process
prevailed. In Talladega, Alabama, local officials
declared the entire dye plant building as surplus.
Once designated as surplus, it could then be sold at
auction.

In these cases, as well as at the former mills in
Georgia and Alabama highlighted to the right,
the localities considered site facilities as valuable
assets with recoverable value rather than simply
proceeding with higher-cost demolition and
disposal.

a'ijs-^

Mary-Leila Cotton Mill - Mary Leila Lofts

Greensboro, Georgia

An EPA brownfields assessment grant helped this
community get started on the restoration of a century-old
mill. A $15 million rehabilitation project retained exterior
walls, flooring and roof structures and salvaged about
half of the mill's hardwood floors.The mill's historic
watertowerwas also retained.The project resulted in 71
affordable, energy-efficient apartments.The Mary Leila
Lofts development opened in 2016.

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