Created 1/30/2020

Created by Tony 01 sen

National Wetland Condition Assessment
2021 Survey Design

Description of Sample Design

Target population: NWCA includes tidal and nontidal wetlands within the
conterminous U.S. with rooted vegetation and, when present, shallow open water less
than one meter deep, that are not currently being used in the production of crops. Wetland
types included are

•	E2EM - estuarine intertidal emergent (estuarine herbaceous)

•	E2SS - estuarine intertidal scrub shrub/forested (estuarine woody)

•	PEM - palustrine emergent (inland herbaceous)

•	PSS - palustrine scrub shrub (inland woody)

•	PFO - palustrine forested (inland woody)

•	Pf - Palustrine farmed (inland herbaceous)

•	PUBPAB - palustrine unconsolidated bottom/aquatic bed (inland herbaceous).
While these categories are used by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services Status and Trends
programs, they are used here to identify the types of wetlands included in NWCA.

Sample Frame: The sample frame source is the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's
National Wetland Inventory (NWI). The NWI wetland polygon data was updated on
October 8, 2019 and is the latest available. Rusty Griffin, USFWS National Wetlands
Inventory, National Standards and Support Team, Madison, WI provided access for
NWCA to download the 22 GB file. This data is the basis for the NWI "Wetlands
Mapper" to view America's wetland resources. "The Wetland Mapper fulfills the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service's strategic plan for the development, revision and
dissemination of wetlands data and information to resource managers and the public. This
information is intended to promote the understanding and conservation of wetland
resources through discovery and education as well as to aid in resource management,
research and decision making."

NWCA processed the data by assigning wetland polygons to states and within each state
assigning them to the NARS nine aggregated ecoregions. In addition, the detailed
wetland types were categorized into seven wetland types of interest to NWCA (E2EM,
E2SS, PEM, PSS, PFO, Pf and PUBPAB) and five wetlands types not included (EOTH -
estuarine other wetlands, M1M2 - marine wetlands, LOTH - lacustrine other wetlands,
POTH - palustrine other wetlands, and ROTH - riverine other wetlands). The former are
included as they are likely to result in sites that would meet the NWCA definition of a
wetland and the latter are excluded as they are unlikely to result in sites that would meet
the NWCA definition of a wetland. Cowardian wetland classes were assigned to each
NWCA wetland class by two wetland ecologists.

Montana provided a GIS layer similar to NWI that had not yet been incorporated.

Page 1 of 6


-------
Created 1/30/2020

Created by Tony 01 sen

Minnesota conducts a wetland quantity survey similar to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's
Status and Trends program. It is based on 1 sq mi plots. NWCA used the results of this
survey for the Minnesota sample frame. The Minnesota survey design also differs from
the NWCA survey design completed for other states.

Reporting Units: NWCA 2021 is based on 17 reporting units associated with 10
geographic areas. Inland wetland regions are based on NARS nine aggregated ecoregions
where the Upper Midwest and Northern Appalachians are combined to form the North
Central East region and the Northern Plains and Southern Plains are combined to form
the Great Plains region. Estuarine wetland coastal regions are the Pacific Coast, Gulf and
Florida Coast and the Atlantic Coast. The inland reporting regions are then divided by
herbaceous and woody wetland types.

2021 National Wetland Condition Assessment Design

Xeric West (XER)

I Western Mountains (WMT)

Tidal Saline

H Atlantic Coast (ATL)

Gulf and Florida Coasts (GFL)

¦ Pacific Coast (PAC)

Expected sample size: The expected sample size is 904 sites for conterminous 48
states with 96 of those sites to be revisited twice for a total of 1,000 site-visits. Each state
will have two sites that will be visited twice in 2021 for a total of 1,000 site-visits.

Sample allocation depends on the 17 reporting units with 53 in each unit except for three
(3) additional sites in CPL woody for total of 904 sites.

Page 2 of 6


-------
Created 1/30/2020

Table 1 Sample size by Reporting Unit

Created by Tony 01 sen

Report Unit

Total

PRLH

PRLW

NCE

106

53

53

SAP

106

53

53

CPL

112

56

56

TPL

106

53

53

GPL

106

53

53

WMT

106

53

53

XER

106

53

53

ATL

53





GFL

53





PAC

53





Total

904





The number of sites for each state is proportional to the wetland area within each
reporting unit with a restriction that each state must have a minimum of eight (8) unique
sites and with the two revisits a minimum of 10 site visits.

Survey Design: The survey design consists of two main components: sites from prior
NWCA 2016 survey and new sites for 2021.

Re-sampled Site Design: Approximately 30 percent of the 904 sites, 269 sites, were
selected to be re-sampled from NWCA 2016. The actual number of sites was determined
for each state after the number of sites in each state was determined based on wetland
area. Sites were restricted to NWCA 2016 evaluated sites and then ordered by state and
2016 sitelD within state. The first "n" sites within a state were designated
Base21_16RVT2 (first 2 sites), Base21_16 and the remaining sites as Over21_16. This
means that some of the Base21_16 sites will likely not have been target and sampled in
2016. Hence over sample sites will likely be required. Note that all sites should be
evaluated again in 2021 to determine if they are target and if target whether they can be
sampled. Conditions could have changed since 2016.

New Site Design: The remaining approximately 70%, 635, are new sites. The new site
survey design is initially stratified by state and reporting unit to ensure sample size
requirements are met. An over sample 20 times the number of sites required for the
reporting unit was included. Sites were selected using a Generalized Random Tessellation
Stratified (GRTS) survey design for an area resource. After the sites were selected, a
second survey design was completed on the selected sites for the purpose of removing the
reporting unit stratification so that sites could be replaced within a state by inland wetland
and, if present, estuarine wetland.

Panels: The survey design includes three panels. Base21_16RVT2: identifies sites that
are to be visited twice from NWCA 2016, Base21_16 identifies sites that will be visited
once from NWCA 2016, Base21_21 identifies new sites selected for 2021, Over21_16

Page 3 of 6


-------
Created 1/30/2020

Created by Tony 01 sen

identifies sites to be used if any Base21_16 site cannot be sampled in 2021, and
Over21_21 identifies new sites to be used if any Base21_21 sites cannot be sampled.

Site Use: All "base" sites are expected to be evaluated and sampled if possible. If one
or more "base" sites cannot be sampled, then the site replacement process is completed
within a state. Sites are listed in sitelD order within a state. The replacement process is
completed by PANELUSE within each STRATUM. The STRATUM possible values
are ReSamp_2016, Estuarine and Inland.

•	STRATUM equal to ReSamp_2016. Replace sites as follows:

o Base21_16RVT2 sites will be sampled twice in 2021. If one of them
cannot be sampled, then the first Base21_16 site is evaluated and if it can
be sampled it is sampled twice. If no Base21_16 site is available, then the
next available Over21_16 site is evaluated and if it can be sampled it is
sampled twice.

o Base21_16 sites will be sampled once in 2021. If one of them cannot be
sampled, then the next available Over21_16 site is evaluated and sampled.

o If no Over21_16 site is available, then no site is used to replace it. In this
case, an additional site must be sampled in the Inland stratum.

•	STRATUM equal to Estuarine. If a state has estuarine stratum, then replace sites
as follows within the Estuarine stratum:

o Base21_21 sites will be sampled once in 2021. If one of them cannot be
sampled, then the next available Over21_21 site in the Estuarine stratum is
evaluated and sampled.

•	STRATUM equal to Inland. Replace sites as follows within the Inland stratum:

o Base21_21 sites will be sampled once in 2021. If one of them cannot be
sampled, then the next available Over21_21 site in the Inland stratum is
evaluated and sampled.

Sample Frame Summary

See accompanying excel worksheet.

Sample frame area in acres by reporting unit and wetland type.



EOTH

EST

LOTH

M1M2

POTH

PRLH

PRLW

ROTH

Sum

ATL

1084891

1592982

0

68681

0

0

0

0

2746554

CPL

0

0

3311394

0

35946

9214653

34136743

1784049

48482785

GFL

2482748

2690574

0

61025

0

0

0

0

5234348

GPL

0

0

2028600

0

3970

8753988

1073167

457102

12316826

NCE

0

0

6092439

0

23789

6444900

20269081

1060699

33890907

PAC

125718

80424

0

27087

0

0

0

0

233230

SAP

2

0

2452141

0

6519

2480256

2788725

1746543

9474186

TPL

0

0

1615596

0

28906

7367449

3802818

971326

13786093

WMT

0

0

1902575

0

18521

5469099

1355735

487878

9233808

XER

0

0

5114093

0

28770

11077044

1211176

317677

17748759

Sum

3693360

4363980

22516838

156793

146421

50807387

64637444

6825273

153147497

Page 4 of 6


-------
Created 1/30/2020

Created by Tony 01 sen

Note that the summary accounts for assignment of small assignments of ecoregions in
some states to other ecoregions for the purpose of eliminating rare categories within a
state.

Site Selection Summary

See accompanying excel worksheet for details.

Summary by Aggregated Ecoregions



Base

Over

Total

CPL

225

3639

3864

NAP

58

926

984

NPL

27

509

536

SAP

94

1437

1531

SPL

57

1008

1065

TPL

107

1761

1868

UMW

59

864

923

WMT

133

1974

2107

XER

144

2571

2715

Total

904

14689

15593

Summary by Reporting Unit.

Includes three Minnesota ecoregions (MWP, MWS, NPL)



Base

Over

Total

ATL

48

830

878

CPL

128

2004

2132

GFL

57

882

939

GPL

76

1468

1544

MWP

10

140

150

MWS

10

140

150

NCE

82

1283

1365

NPL

8

53

61

PAC

48

860

908

SAP

101

1628

1729

TPL

107

1720

1827

WMT

113

1730

1843

XER

116

1951

2067

Total

904

14689

15593

Description of Sample Design Output:

PSTL CODE



sitelD

Site ID for 2021

LON DD83

Longitude in decimal degrees NAD83

LAT DD83

Latitude in decimal degrees NAD83

STRATUM

Stratum 2021: ReSamp_2016, Inland,
Estuarine

PANEL USE

Panel used for site replacement

Page 5 of 6


-------
Created 1/30/2020

Created by Tony 01 sen

sitelD 16

Site ID from NWCA 2016

EVAL 2016

Site evaluation from NWCA 2016

PROB CAT

Unequal probability selection category for
NWCA 2021

AG EC09

Aggregated ecoregion (see above)

RPT UNIT

NWCA reporting unit (see above)

WETCLSDSN

NWCA wetland class based on NWI for
survey design

WETGRPDSN

NWCA wetland group (EST, PRLH,
PRLW)

WETCLS NWI

NWI wetland class from sample frame

WGT

Initial design weight (acres)

Projection Information

PROJCS["Albers",

GEOGCS["GCS_GRS 1980(IUGG, 1980)",

DATUM["D_unknown",

SPHEROID["GRS80",6378137,298.257222101]],

PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],

UNIT["Degree",0.017453292519943295]],

PROJECTION["Albers"],

PARAMETER[" standard_parallel _1",29.5],

PARAMETER[" standard_parallel_2" ,45.5],

PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin",23],

PARAMETER["central_meridian",-96],PARAMETER["false_easting",0],

P ARAMETER[" fal senorthing", 0],

UNIT["Meter",l]]

Page 6 of 6


-------