Maintenance and Monitoring Program Update for Subsurface Gravel Wetland
BMP Retrofits on Cape Cod
A TECHNICAL DIRECT ASSISTANCE PROJECT FUNDED BY THE U.S. EPA SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND
Program (SNEP)
Final Report
12/23/2020
Prepared for:
U.S. EPA Region 1
Prepared by:
UNH Stormwater Center
UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE?
STORMWATER CENTER
SOLICITATION 68HE0119Q0021
-------
CC:
Date:
Re:
To:
From:
Ray Cody, Mark Voorhees (US EPA Region 1)
James Houle, Daniel Macadam (UNH Stormwater Center)
Project Technical Team
12/23/2020
Final Report
I. Executive Summary
UNH Stormwater Center along with EPA Region 1, have developed new and innovative next-
generation real-time monitoring approaches for stormwater control measure (SCM) assessment.
Previous work has also established the utility and reliability of EPA Region l's SCM performance
curves that have been incorporated into the NH and MA municipal separate storm sewer (MS4)
permits. These approaches represent a paradigm shift away from historical approaches in two
important ways:
Empirical monitoring of individual SCMs is difficult and functionally unnecessary if
engineered and installed appropriately. The use of EPA performance curves are acceptable and
accurate (Houle, Puis, & Ballestero, 2017). More time and attention should thus be spent on
proper design and engineering and construction oversight of SCMs; and
If empirical water quality data is essential, real-time ultraviolet optical spectrometers (UV-Vis),
calibrated to Northeast regional stormwater pollutant concentrations, provides a powerful tool
for understanding pollutant loading at the individual site scale.
Combined, these approaches can assist stormwater professionals in selecting, sizing and accounting for
appropriate structural treatment strategies to protect their water resources.
Over the course of a decade or more, UNHSC has worked with select municipalities throughout the
region (e.g., Berry Brook Dover, NH) to select, size, and assess these stormwater innovations (e.g.,
EPA's Opti-Tool model; Performance Curves1).
Most recently, the UNHSC collaborated with the towns of Barnstable and Chatham, MA in a direct
system investigation and monitoring project. Some related objectives the Project achieved include:
Development of an approved quality assurance project protocol (QAPP) for use of UV-Vis
The Project developed a QAPP to govern monitoring stormwater SCM/GI systems with real-
time UV optical sensors;
Rehabilitation Guidance and Assessment of a hybrid bioretention in Barnstable (Hyannis), MA.
probes.
1 Performance Curves provide pollutant load reduction estimates for structural controls. A Performance Curve tells a
stormwater practitioner how much of a given pollutant (e.g., nitrogen, bacteria) can be controlled simply on the basis of the
size of the SCM.
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Page | 3
In addition, the Project provides:
investigation of climate resilience and hydraulic gradient on hybrid bioretention;
performance monitoring of a subsurface gravel wetland in Chatham, MA;
a refined approach for characterizing performance for SCM implementation and where
necessary monitoring via real-time in-situ UV optical sensors; and
the Project developed technical information to characterize the hydraulic gradient for a failed
coastal SCM and technical documentation for the rehabilitation of same.
NOTE: Some context for the use of the term "failure " is necessary. Scientific failure provides the
greatest potential for scientific advancement. When projects results do not deliver anticipated results,
we learn and subsequently advance the science; and conversely, where there is no failure, there is no
learning and thus no advancement of the science. What we consider as "success " often produces a
lack of innovation and progress. Thus, failure in the context of this report is used in a positive sense
and the lessons learned documented for advancement of the practice.
In addition, several important observations may be summarized:
Significance of this Work Beyond Monitoring Requirements. Increasingly, New England
municipalities are recognizing the importance of their environmental resources and the
economic services and benefits these resources provide. In addition, these same municipalities
are challenged with quantifying and accounting for the benefits of structural SCM installations
that municipalities are implementing. Historically many regulatory institutions have required
monitoring of implemented systems to quantify the pollutant removal benefits. This project
and documentation of efforts develop technical information that supports the estimation of load
reductions using EPA's SCM performance curves as opposed to empirically evaluating each
installation.
Construct SCM to Specification and Maintain. Because of Performance Curves, municipal
practitioners (and others) need not monitor for water quality parameters to determine SCM
performance. Rather the emphasis is to be placed on the construction of the SCM to
specification and thereafter, maintenance to ensure proper operation into the future.
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II. Rehabilitation Maintenance and Assessment of Barnstable (Hyannis)
BMP
A. Rehabilitation Maintenance of BMP Aerobic Zone
The Hyannis BMP is under-performing hydraulically due to clogging and excessive vegetative growth
of one or more dominant plant species (e.g., Typha, phragmites) in the upper/aerobic zone. A
maintenance approach and associated cost was developed for this task (see Appendices). In
consideration of pending litigation that arose from a very large storm event and widespread coastal
flooding in Falmouth and Barnstable, MA, in 2017, the rehabilitation efforts were unable to be
completed.
B. Investigation of Effect of Hydraulic Gradient (Groundwater)
The effects of the hydraulic gradient were studied and shown to have strong diurnal patterns relatively
unaffected by the stormwater inflow through the inlet structure. The conductivity monitoring of the
water in the inlet structure showed no evidence of seawater intrusion (Figure 1). Typical ocean
conductivity is >30,000 [j,S/cm. Figure 1 shows the inlet specific measurements alongside rainfall
depths. Conductivity largely trends with precipitation events and never exceeds 1,100 [j,S/cm. This
monitoring indicates no seawater influence in the inlet structure.
Rainfall and Specific Conductivity (a)
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Elevations were surveyed and related to mean sea level. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show a strong hydraulic
gradient across the system. The upgradient well (Well 2) is only influenced by rainfall patterns in the
largest event observed over the monitoring period where the downgradient well (Well 1) is more often
influenced by rainfall patterns.
Barnstable Wells and Inlet Elevations
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Date
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Figure 2: Inlet water elevations and groundwater monitoring wells installed downgradient (well 1) and upgradient (well 2) of the BMP.
Elevations are relative to Mean Sea Level.
The groundwater wells showed several important patterns. The system surface was built below the
groundwater level and natural groundwater gradient. The above ground ponding area intercepts this
hydraulic gradient and results in the permanent ponding conditions and resulting facultative wetland
species despite the influent connection being removed. While the elevation of the liner was not
verified post-construction, it may be below the upgradient groundwater elevation. In addition, the 1.5
ft drop between the upgradient and downgradient wells may be due to dewatering from the installation
of perforated perimeter drains during the time of construction. These perimeter drains run constantly
despite the discontinuation of inlet flow further indicating that the system intercepts the natural
groundwater gradient by which it is continuously influenced. The diurnal patterns in both wells
upgradient and downgradient of the system showed strong evidence of the groundwater being
influenced by the tidal cycle. Cycles of low-tide would increase the hydraulic gradient through soil-
water suction during the drawdown of low-tide. Figure 3 shows the diurnal groundwater gradient and
the small influence of inflow water levels. The main driver of the gradient is the tidal cycle exerting
alternating resistance to natural soil transmissivity.
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Page | 6
Barnstable Wells and Surface Gradients
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Figure 3: The hydraulic gradient across the system in relation to system surface elevation over four days to show diurnal patterns. The
inlet water level is shown on the right axis.
The groundwater gradient is likely artificially lowered on the outlet side by the installation of the 4-
inch perforated perimeter drain. As constructed, it is doubtful that the system will generate a sufficient
driving head to move stormwater vertically through the system. This could be enhanced by elevating
the system surface however it is understood that the surface control is dictated by the invert elevation
of the influent pipe that likely cannot be further modified.
In this case, our recommendation is to keep the system offline and elevate the system surface and
replant with desired native vegetation if and when access and modification is permitted. The system
serves best as a visual educational feature. It was noted throughout our site visits that people
frequently stopped and read the signs and learned about the importance of water quality.
More detail may be found in the Final Report from UNHSC in the EPA records submitted regarding
the initial monitoring of these BMP's in 2018.
C. Investigation of Effect of MS4 Baseflow
The effects of the MS4 baseflow on BMP operation and performance were assessed during site visits
during dry weather as well as through monitoring of the inlet structure. There was no visible flow in
the inlet culvert during site visits during dry weather. Additionally, the longer-term inlet water level
monitoring indicates that the inlet water level follows rainfall patterns (see Figure 4). There were a
couple of small changes in the inlet water level that did not directly follow rainfall, however, this is not
a direct indication of baseflow as the rain data was obtained from the local airport. While the rainfall
data is local, there are often very localized microbursts of rainfall that would not appear in the airport
rainfall dataset. The specific conductivity is also graphed in orange to compare to possible effects of
high-tide seawater intrusion on the system. The conductivity for all storm events matches the pattern
for those where no rainfall is recorded.
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Page | 7
Barnstable Inlet
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Inlet Log Specific Conductivity
Rainfall (right)
Figure 4: Barnstable rainfall and water elevation at the inlet structure. The clashed lines are reference lines of the system surface and the
weir invert in the inlet structure.
Results indicate that baseflow, if an influence at all, is very small and largely insignificant compared
with findings of the groundwater hydraulic gradient in Task 3B which would likely drive the
performance of the BMP.
D. Climate Resilience
The goal of this task is to be able to operate the BMP in such a way that base flows as low as 10 to 20
gallons per minute may bypass but a tidal surcharge is prevented. A survey of the BMP and outfall
indicated the MS4 outfall invert was at about 0.87 ft MSL (Diameter = 2 ft). The outlet invert had an
elevation of about 3.7 ft MSL. As the outfall invert is near MSL, a normal high-high tide (without
storm surge) may reach 10-15 ft MSL. Without installing pumping capacity, the gravity-fed BMP
would not be able to have baseflow outflow during these high tides as there is a lack of driving head to
overcome the tidal elevations. During these high tides, the best approach would be to install a one-way
valve at the outlet of the BMP to stop tidal water from entering the BMP from the outfall. During
lower tides, however, a retrofit option may be a one-way check valve designed for low-flow and tidal
scenarios. These valves claim low-head need to open the valve while the curved outlet keeps its shape
using the material's memory as well as seawater static pressure to close the outlet during high-tides
events. An example of such a valve is the Red Valve Tideflex Series TF-1 or Series 35-1. Outfall
modification aside, our recommendations are to keep the system offline, elevate the system surface,
and replant with desired native vegetation if and when access and modification is permitted.
Modification of the outfall may be unnecessary but may be pursued as a secondary approach.
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E. Performance Monitoring Program Update
The BMP was monitored for inlet water level, inlet specific conductivity, groundwater, and real-time
water quality using the UV-Vis spectrometer during our final site visit.
The UV-Vis measured parameters are shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6. They show the median values
measured over a period of several hours during dry conditions. There was little change over the
measurement period, so median values are shown. Note that these measurements were taken during a
dry period with no runoff or outflow in the system. These measurements were taken in the inlet
structure and outlet structure which is influenced by continuous flow from the perforated perimeter
drains. Of note are the readings of DOC, N03-N, and TN. One of the questions to answer during these
measurements was the BMP's performance at denitrifying groundwater during dry weather. These
results indicate that the outlet, under the influence of groundwater had elevated values of N03-N and
TN and a lower level of DOC. While the DOC in both the inlet and outlet was in the low range, the
cause for the higher nitrogen species in the outlet may be related to the depleted DOC which is a
limiting factor of microbially mediated denitrification. Organic carbon is needed as an energy source
for the anaerobic bacteria in the saturated zone to denitrify the N03-N. If the DOC was depleted in this
system, the N03-N (and TN) may be accumulating or otherwise increasing in value due to incoming
groundwater with higher levels than at the BMP inlet. Another possibility is higher than expected
levels of dissolved oxygen (not measured) in the groundwater due to the high transmissivity of local
native soils.
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Barnstable UV-Vis Measurements
During Dry Period (no runoff)
Groundwater at Inlet & Outlet
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DOC N03-N TKN TN TP TSS
Parameter
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Figure 5: BMP water quality parameters measured with UV-Vis spectrometer.
Temperature (°F) Specific Conductivity (iaS/cm)
Parameter
¦ Inlet ¦ Outlet
Figure 6: BMP water quality parameters measured with UV-Vis spectrometer.
Regardless of whether high nitrogen loads in the groundwater were due to lack of a carbon source or
higher than expected dissolved oxygen levels a simple modification of the subsurface reservoir of any
structural system intersecting the natural groundwater gradient would be to add wood chips. UNHSC
has done this successfully in other installations and has added 10% wood chips by volume to the
reservoir stone course. There is little downside to this simple engineering modification provided that
the system is not supporting loading at the surface such as in systems that underlie transportation
infrastructure where decomposition of organic material could weaken structural support of
anthropomorphic loads.
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III. Performance Monitoring Program Update: Chatham
A. Initial Instrumentation Assessment
The first task was to assess the operational status and configurations of the monitoring equipment,
emphasizing (initially at least) the status and configurations of equipment for measuring flow. This
included the Signature® Flow Meters; and the flow measuring devices, TIENet® Model 350 Area
Velocity Sensor (AV sensor) and TR ACOM Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flumes (flume) retrofit with the
TIENet® 330 Bubbler Module (bubbler). The objective was to attain BMP operational status to obtain
hydraulic data over a number of qualifying storm events to ascertain the hydraulic performance of the
BMP
The installed monitoring equipment was not operable after being unused and unattended for 2 years.
The equipment remaining at the site was incomplete for operation and/or too fouled for water quality
monitoring. Figure 7-8.
Figure 7: Taken 12/20/19. Inlet fiberglass vault and equipment.
The fiberglass vaults were very wet, moldy, and fouled with mouse nests and feces contaminating the
instaimentation. Mice were observed directly and/or indirectly during nearly every site visit. See
Figure 9 for the mice observed during a visit in September in the outlet vault. They built nests near the
door, in the body of the autosampler, and beyond the battery. These were all newly built since they
were removed during the previous visit. Besides fouling water quality sampling equipment such as
tubing and autosamplers, they chewed through power and data wires several times throughout the
monitoring period with the updated UV-sensors. Even with monthly calibration visits the mice and
other wildlife challenged the sensitive equipment operations.
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Figure 8: Taken 12/20/19. Outlet equipment infested with mice.
Figure 9: Taken 9/1/20. Outlet vault and mice nest. About 10 mice were observed in this vault during the visit. Note the nest in the upper
right of the photo.
All exposed wiring was finally enclosed in hard plastic tubing and all entrances filled with rodent-
deterrent foam.
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Data was attempted to be downloaded from the outlet Signature® Flow Meters to retrieve any data
collected prior to our arrival. Once connected to a power source, the Flow Meter was able to pressurize
the bubblers but unable to export any data and resulted in exporting errors during every attempt at data
retrieval.
The autosamplers and area velocity sensors were very fouled and unusable for this monitoring effort.
They had not been used, cleaned, or kept up since the initial installation.
The two TRACOM Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flumes in the inlet and outlet monitoring structures were
in good, usable condition and were used after a thorough cleaning to remove the bioaccumulation
Figure 10 Taken 12/20/19. The inlet and outlet TRACOM Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flumes to show the before and after condition
following cleaning.
The two (2) In-Situ Aqua TROLL 600 Multiparameter Sondes installed at both the inlet and outlet
structures were very fouled. After inspecting, cleaning, replacing the batteries, and testing the sondes,
they were either inoperable and/or unreliable and returned errors upon attempting to download test
data. The result of nearly 3 years of inattention was an almost complete loss of all equipment. The
exceptions were the flumes, rain gauges, the two ISCOs, and Signature Flow Meters that were housed
inside and protected from the elements and wildlife at the Barnstable site.
B. New Monitoring Instrumentation
The objective was to attain BMP operational status to collect hydraulic data over a number of
qualifying storm events to ascertain the performance of the BMP. A new monitoring plan and
instmmentation installation were implemented to obtain hydraulic performance. The flumes were used
as a flow monitoring location at both the inlet and outlet locations as they provide a known geometry
and accurate flow estimates.
For the inlet location: a Campbell Scientific CS 451 Pressure Transducer was installed in the
TRACOM Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flume along with a UV-Vis spectrometer (s::can spectro::lyser
V3). A similar installation was used in the outlet location. Both instruments were connected to a
Campbell Scientific CR1000X Datalogger to record data and trigger both instruments during rain
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events to conserve memory and battery power. The effluent location was also instrumented with a rain
gage. The full instrumentation setup is shown in Figure 12.
Figure 11: Taken 7/30/20. Inlet instrumentation in the TRACOM Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flume, Campbell Scientific CS 450
Figure 12: Taken 12/4/20. The effluent monitoring instrumentation included a solar panel, deep cycle marine battery, a tipping bucket
rain gage, datalogger, pressure transducer, and UV-Vis spectrometer.
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The loggers were programmed to trigger measurements of the pressure transducers and spectrometers
once a critical level of rainfall or water level was detected. This was done to conserve battery power,
reduce wear and damage to the spectrometer's wiper, increase the spectrometer's measuring lifespan,
and not fill the dataloggers with non-useful data during dry periods. Both locations had measurement
intervals of 5 minutes once triggered during a wet event. Specific issues in programming and collecting
data from the sensors are discussed further in Sections III.C and IV.
C. Monitoring Results
1. Climate and Rainfall
While much of New England suffered from a significant drought in 2020, Chatham had above average
amounts of precipitation throughout the year. However, there were below average rainfall totals during
the beginning of the monitoring period when all instrumentation was installed in July. July and August
had below-average rainfall amounts. Chatham, MA sees an average of about 47 inches of annual
precipitation. This year (with data as of 12/14/20 from Chatham Municipal Airport2), there has been a
total of about 67 inches of precipitation. See Figure 13 for the 2020 and historic average precipitation
depths per month. Note that much of the excess precipitation for 2020 occurred in April with
precipitation totals about three times the historic average.
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Figure 13: Chatham, MA precipitation by month comparing the historic average and 2020 totals.
One difficulty with the site being remote and without power is that all equipment was battery-operated
or needed power from a deep-cycle marine battery recharged by a photovoltaic solar panel. While this
gave some freedom to the types and locations of the instruments used, it also provided difficulty. Some
instruments were chosen for their portability, accuracy, and onboard power such as the Onset HOBO
U20L for measuring water level. There were 8 unique monitoring instruments with different clocks
and power needs. While most of the challenges associated with having many instruments with unique
power supplies and internal clocks were overcome, some were more problematic.
2 Data source: NOAA LCD. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gOv/cdo-web/datasets/LCD/stations/WBAN:94624/detail. Downloaded
12/17/20 with data from 1/1/20-12/14/20
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One such difficulty was observed in the inlet datalogger at the beginning of July and August when
there was a logging error. While the exact cause of the error was unknown, the error was noticed and
corrected in early August. The error, which resulted in lost data, fortunately, coincided with the lower-
than-average rainfall during July and August, and missed events were minimized. The long-term
rainfall, inlet flow, and outlet flow are shown in Figure 14.
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Figure 14: Long-term hyetograph and hydrograph during the monitoring period. Note the period in July-August where the inlet
datalogger had a program error and did not record events.
It is also of note that there were six (6) runoff events where rainfall was not logged with the site rain
gage or the backup site at the Chatham Municipal Airport. While there was no recorded rainfall, the
hydrographs followed a similar pattern to other rainfall/runoff events and are therefore included in the
events and summary statistics that follow. The rationale for including these events was that despite not
having recorded rainfall, there was measured inflow, outflow, and treatment by the BMP. The BMP
treats all incoming runoff despite its source. While the source of the runoff during the events without
rainfall record is unknown, there was recorded offline bypass in the bypass structure in all these events.
2. Offline Bypass
Offline bypass of the BMP was measured using a pressure transducer at the downstream side of the
diversion weir of the inlet control structure on Oyster Pond Furlong. See Figure 15 for the location of
the inlet control structure and the water-level sensor for monitoring offline bypass.
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10" HDPE, 6 IF
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PROP- MH-1 {6' DIAM.)
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Figure 15: Locations of installed water-level sensors and UV-Vis spectrometers for flow and water-quality monitoring.
Bypass was calculated using the water-level at the entrance of the 24-in RCP outlet that exits and
continues down Oyster Pond Furlong where it daylights to Oyster Pond. The inlet control structure has
an internal weir wall designed to divert runoff toward the BMP inlet and high flows will overtop the
weir and continue to the bypass pipe. All bypass flow is untreated runoff that drains directly to the
pond. See Figure 16 and Figure 17 for examples of bypass (in dashed black) for two example events.
To see all event bypass hydrographs, see Appendix 1. Note that the bypass during the event of
11/11/20 was negligible while the bypass of event 11/30/20 was very high and exceeded the peak
inflow by 1.7 times. This illustrates how increased rainfall and especially higher rainfall intensity rates
produce much higher and flashier runoff peaks coinciding with higher peaks and volumes of offline
bypass.
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11/11/20
Time
Figure 16: Hyetograph and hydrographsfor inflow, outflow, and offline bypass for 11/11/20.
11/30/20
Time
Figure 17: Hyetograph and hydrographsfor inflow, outflow, and offline bypass for 11/30/20.
Table 1 shows the rainfall and bypass values and summary statistics. The sixth column shows the ratio
of the inlet peak flow to the bypass peak flow. A ratio less than one indicates the bypass peak flow-
exceeded the inlet peak flow; a ratio greater than 1 exceeded the bypass; a ratio greater than one (1)
indicates the opposite scenario that the inlet peak flow exceeded the bypass peak flow. While there
wasn't a significant pattern, we would expect to see a ratio greater than 1 for events with low-intensity
runoff events. The final column of inlet volume/runoff shows the percent of total runoff that was
diverted to the BMP by the inlet control structure. Note that most events conveyed between 56-86% of
the total runoff into the BMP. This means that 14-46% of the total runoff bypassed directly to Oyster
Pond untreated. This will be revisited when presenting the removal efficiency of runoff volume, but
overall the system outperformed the design expectation which would have predicted 75% of the total
runoff volume would be bypassed.
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Table 1: Rainfall and bypass observations and summary statistics.
Event ID
Event Date
Rainfall
(mm) (in)
Mean
Intensity
(mm/hr)
(in/hr)
Peak
Intensity
(mm/hr)
(in/hr)
Inlet Peak
Flow /
Bypass
Peak Flow
Inlet
Volume
/ Runoff
Volume
1
8/16/20
-
-
-
0.4
56%
2
8/18/20
14.7
(0.58)
1.4
(0.06)
19.2
(0.75)
28.1
95%
3
8/27/20
24.4
(0.96)
2.2
(0.09)
73.2
(2.88)
0.5
54%
4
9/2/20
33 (1.3)
3 (0.12)
71.9
(2.83)
0.4
55%
5
9/3/20
92.7
(3.65)
7.7(0.3)
260.6
(10.26)
0.1
28%
6
9/10/20
11.4
(0.45)
1.1
(0.04)
20.2(0.8)
0.4
55%
7
9/11/20
8.6 (0.34)
0.9
(0.03)
15.2(0.6)
0.8
74%
8
9/18/20
9.4 (0.37)
0.9
(0.04)
4.9(0.19)
2.5
56%
9
10/13/20
13 (0.51)
0.7
(0.03)
30.5 (1.2)
5.6
73%
10
10/17/20
4.3 (0.17)
0.3
(0.01)
6.5 (0.26)
0.4
50%
11
10/20/20
-
-
2.9
91%
12
10/26/20
-
-
-
3.4
69%
13
10/27/20
-
-
-
8.2
86%
14
10/28/20
9.7 (0.38)
0.6
(0.02)
10.9
(0.43)
6.2
82%
15
10/29/20
93.2
(3.67)
1.9
(0.08)
18.6
(0.73)
1.1
83%
16
11/1/20
13.7
(0.54)
1.8
(0.07)
67.4
(2.65)
130.7
99%
17
11/1/20
5.3 (0.21)
0.4
(0.02)
10.9
(0.43)
31.2
96%
18
11/3/20
-
-
-
7.5
87%
19
11/4/20
-
-
-
5.9
84%
20
11/11/20
34(1.34)
1.3
(0.05)
14.8
(0.58)
8.3
88%
21
11/13/20
4.8 (0.19)
0.3
(0.01)
4.2(0.17)
0.8
35%
22
11/15/20
14.5
(0.57)
0.6
(0.02)
63.4(2.5)
1.6
80%
23
11/23/20
16.3
(0.64)
1.8
(0.07)
27.4
(1.08)
5.4
86%
-------
Page | 19
Mean
Peak
Inlet Peak
Inlet
Event ID
Event Date
Rainfall
(mm) (in)
Intensity
(mm/hr)
(in/hr)
Intensity
(mm/hr)
(in/hr)
Flow /
Bypass
Peak Flow
Volume
/ Runoff
Volume
37.3
1.6
27.4
24
11/26/20
(1.47)
(0.06)
(1.08)
0.9
76%
89.9
39.6
25
11/30/20
(3.54)
2.5 (0.1)
(1.56)
0.6
77%
n
19
19
19
25
25
0.3
Minimum
4.3 (0.17)
(0.01)
4.2(0.17)
0.1
28%
0.6
12.9
First Quartile
9.5 (0.37)
(0.03)
(0.51)
0.6
56%
14.5
1.3
Median
(0.57)
(0.05)
20.2(0.8)
2.5
77%
33.5
1.9
51.5
Third Quartile
(1.32)
(0.07)
(2.03)
6.2
86%
93.2
260.6
Maximum
(3.67)
7.7(0.3)
(10.26)
130.7
99%
530.4
Total
(20.88)
3. BMP Hydraulic Performance
The summary statistics of the inlet and outlet peak flows are shown in Table 2. The inlet had a much
larger range and standard deviation of peak flows compared to the outlet. The outlet had very constant
peak flows with a small deviation of only 1 L/s. This is also observed in the hydrographs and can be
seen in Appendix 1. This is likely a combination of the hydraulic efficiency of routing the runoff
volume through the system and the control of the outlet orifice. There was no internal bypass in the
system, and the ponding level was never observed more than half full (see the previous report to EPA
in 2018).
Table 2: Summary statistics of the inlet and outlet peak flows.
Statistic
Inlet Peak Flow
(L/s)
Outlet Peak Flow
(L/s)
Minimum
0.4
0.0
First Quartile
9.6
0.4
Median
17.7
0.8
Third Quartile
33.8
1.4
Maximum
64.1
3.3
Standard
Deviation
18.6
1.0
-------
Page | 20
4. Pollutant Concentrations
Monitoring for pollutants of interest was performed using real-time, in-situ ultraviolet-visual (UV-vis)
spectroscopy and previously developed prediction models (UNHSC, 2019). The UV-vis spectrometers
were placed at the inlet and outlet monitoring locations near the calibrated flumes. The locations can
be seen in Figure 15.
All events were monitored, and concentrations were calculated for total suspended sediment (TSS),
total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The data recorded is light absorbance per meter for
wavelengths in the 220-720 nanometer (nm) range. The concentrations of pollutants were calculated
using a prediction model from UNHSC based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression comparing to
laboratory values. The model is from a previous study by UNHSC submitted in 2018 to and funded by
the U.S. EPA titled Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and
Sediment Concentrations in Stormwater Runoff. The PLS prediction model can be used to estimate
concentrations of other pollutants, but this study and report focus on TSS, TN, and TP as they are of
importance to regulated MS4 communities and current pollution issues related to stormwater runoff.
The process of measuring pollutant concentrations using a spectrometer varies significantly from
conventional methods which take physical stormwater samples by grab samples or autosamplers which
are refrigerated for preservation, combined or otherwise processed by staff, sent to a laboratory for
analysis of the pollutants of interest using wet-chemistry techniques. The spectrometer is a single in-
situ instrument with a 5 mm measurement channel where stormwater passes through the channel. The
spectrometer measures light absorbance in the UV-vis range according to whatever solids and mixture
of dissolved or gross solids mixed with the stormwater within the measurement channel. This
measurement process differs from the conventional methods where a strainer of some kind is used at
the end of autosampler hoses to exclude gross and non-dissolved solids.
Figure 19 and Figure 20 show the same storms as before. The top subplot shows the rainfall and
hydrographs for the inlet and outlet. Subplots 2-4 show the pollutographs for TSS, TN, and TP,
respectively. One unique aspect in post-processing the spectrometer data is the need to correct for
values before and after the runoff event. Because it records continuously (rather than carefully timed
flow-weighted samples during runoff with an autosampler), stagnant water and the accumulation of
settling debris is measured and yields unusually high values before and after the hydrograph as well as
occasionally during a lull in the runoff. This is compensated during post-processing by eliminating
values at the beginning and end of the event where flows are less than 0.063 L/s (1 gpm). The values
during a runoff event were left for this report as an example of the unique quirks of working with
spectrometers. There are several approaches to adjusting these values: leave them if they seem
plausible, remove the high outlier values when the flow is above a certain threshold, or a more
sophisticated although possibly unwarranted approach could be to adjust values based on a threshold of
the absolute value of the first derivative of the rolling mean pollutograph. The third approach is
suggested, although not used here because it would provide a programable solution to processing all
events consistently without user judgment needed for individual events and concentrations. At its core,
it would take a rolling mean to look smooth out the variance between any two measurements, take the
first derivative to look at the slope of the pollutograph, and flag values when the slope is above a
certain threshold to remove unusually high spikes which tend to singular values as opposed to several
high values in a row. Another similar approach would be to compare the relative percent increase
between values of a central rolling mean. These are suggested as possible processing techniques for
future studies, but they were ultimately not needed for this study for a simple reason. The high spikes
in concentration occurred during very low flow periods, and when converting to mass (concentration
-------
Page | 21
times flow volume), the resulting mass delivered is usually very small and almost negligible to the
total mass delivered. Figure 18 compares the inlet spectrometer for two separate site visits when the
spectrometer was sitting in clean or no water compared to a fouled, highly turbid water. This illustrates
why a spike in concentration is sometimes observed as this fouled water and debris settles on the
instalment during low flows. However, the lack of flow means the high concentrations of pollutants
are not being delivered to the BMP as they are not moving.
Figure 18: The inlet spectrometer during 2 site visits to illustrate the fouling at the receding limb of the hydrograph.
-------
Page | 22
11/11/20
Time
Figure 19: Rainfall, hydrographs, and pollutographsfor TSS, TN, and TP for the event of 11/11/20.
-------
Page | 23
11/30/20
¦ "m" rnr
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
1
-2
-3
-4
- 5
-6
Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
1
12:00
18:00
<*>»
06:00
12:00
18:00
cs0°
°v
o>
Time
Figure 20: Rainfall, hydrographs, and pollutographsfor TSS, TN, and TP for the event of 11/30/20.
-------
Page | 24
Note the spikes in all three pollutographs during the middle of the storms on the receding limbs of the
hydrographs in Figure 19 and Figure 20. Another observation for these storms is the delivery of TSS,
TN, and TP. While the flow changes significantly, the concentrations of TSS and TP are fairly
uniform. TN seems to have a different pattern as it has higher concentrations early on during the event
on the rising limb of the hydrograph and occasionally during the rising limb of the second pulse of
runoff as seen in Figure 20. These patterns will be explored further in Section III.C.6. See Appendix 3
for the concentration pollutographs of all the monitored events.
5. Pollutant Mass
Once the hydrographs were calculated and the concentrations were calculated for the pollutants using
the Partial Least Squares regression prediction model, the mass pollutographs were easily developed
multiplying the respective flow (inlet or outlet), the time measurement interval, and each pollutant
concentration. The mass pollutographs for the same event of 11/11/30 and 11/30/30 are shown in
Figure 21 and Figure 22, respectively. Notice the spikes in the concentration during the low flows
previously discussed are now very small relative to the total mass delivered. They were intentionally
kept unaltered for the graphs to illustrate the "do nothing" approach as the low flow diminishes their
impact on the total mass. However, they could easily be removed if desired.
-------
Page | 25
1.4
1.2 H
1.0
J? 0.8 H
m 0.6
2
0.4
0.2 -\
0.0
0.0012
0.0010 H
0.0008
0.0006-
0.0004 -
0.0002 -
0.0000
11/11/20
Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
18:00 21:00
03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00
Time
Figure 21: Rainfall, hydrographs, arid mass pollutographsfor TSS, TN, and TP for the event of 11/11/20.
-------
Page | 26
60
50
tn 40
5
5 30 i
o
u_
20-
10
0
7-
6
5 -\
^ 4
1/1
(o 3
2 -
1 -
o-
0.004 -
0.003 -
"Si
W 0.002-
ro
0.001 -
o.ooo-
0.0061
0.005
0.004-
"5
r o.oo3
ID
s
0.002
o.ooi H
0.000
12:00
11/30/20
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
jy\e±k
jllJL
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
18:00 0
06:00
12:00
18:00
cv°°
0%e<-
0
1
2 —
E
3J
ra
4—
4 'I
-------
Page | 27
Because TSS and TP had consistent concentrations for the duration of runoff as previously discussed,
their mass pollutographs closely resemble the hydrographs as a hydrograph multiplied by a constant
yields a multiple of itself. The TN, on the other hand, is not generally as consistent. In the first event
(11/11/30), the TN concentration is relatively constant and, therefore, the mass curve generally
matches the hydrograph. In the second example event (11/30/20), the TN concentration had higher
concentrations at the beginning of the rising limb of the first and second pulse of runoff. This translates
to a mass curve with a different shape than the hydrograph. This yields a mass curve with high spikes
at those times. See Appendix 3 for the mass pollutographs of all the monitored events.
6. Dimensionless Volume and Mass Curves
The runoff hydrographs and mass pollutographs developed in Sections III.C.2 through III.C.5 are
helpful to investigate individual events as each is unique. However, to look at all the information at
once, it is more helpful to develop dimensionless, cumulative pollutant vs volume curves. This process
looks at the cumulative pollutant mass as a function of the cumulative flow (or volume) instead of a
function of time. This removes the time component from each event and allows comparison between
events of varying runoff duration. The cumulative, dimensionless component changes the scales from
0 to the maximum runoff or pollutant mass to 0-1. This allows the comparison of events with varying
volumes and pollutant mass.
For reference, Figure 23 shows the general theoretical dimensionless pollutographs for urban runoff
(Lee & Bang, 2000). The graphs are divided into particulate and dissolved pollutants. The curves
above the 1:1 reference line depict an early delivery of the load during the event. Curves below the
reference line are for late delivery, and the "S" curve that crosses in the middle of the event is middle-
flush delivery. An additional curve not shown is one that closely follows the reference line; this kind of
delivery would match the flow.
Particulate*! Pollutant Disolved Pollutant
R: Rainfall Intensity
P: Paved Area
A: Watershed Area
Figure 23: Dimensionless cumulative curves characterized for urban runoff (Lee & Bang, 2000).
Figure 24 shows the dimensionless, cumulative plots for each pollutant vs its respective flow (or
volume). Note that flow and volume are used interchangeably in this section as the time step was
-------
Page | 28
consistent for all events so the cumulative flow and volumes have the same shape curve but different
scales (a factor of the time interval), but the nondimensionalization removes the interval factor.
Note that there are several straight then acute lines that do not fit the smooth theoretical curves. The
outlet TSS exemplifies these straight lines. These are largely due to almost no effluent TSS mass, but a
single spike in the TSS pollutograph would translate to 100% delivery of the total mass during a single
time step.
The inflow TSS generally has more storms that tend toward slightly early delivery. There are all types
of delivery events, however. The effluent TSS had the strangest shaped graph as all of the events had
one or two measurements of TSS during the event; this produces a very sharply changing line. This is
due to almost no TSS mass in the effluent as observed by the mass pollutographs in 3 and Table 5.
The TN and NO3 curves are the most interesting and variable for the inflow. TN and NO3 have widely
been associated with "first flush" types curves. This would be indicated by a curve to the left of the
reference line. The steeper the curve and the greater deviation to the left of the reference line the
greater the "first flush" incidence. There is a predominance of first flush event types particularly for
NO3. This supports previous findings. There are also a couple of events that closely follow the
reference line. The discrepancy may come from the shape of the hydrographs having multiple peaks
and behaving as back-to-back first flush storms where the TN and NO3 mass spikes on the rising limb
of each of the pulses of the variable rainfall intensities. This discrepancy to the straight forward
theoretical first flush mass curve seems to come from the widespread use of uniform hydrographs
(such as the unit hydrograph) in the common design and modeling approaches compared with the
dynamic reality of very non-uniform and more random hydrographs observed in nature. This
variability can also be an artifact of the build-up vs wash-off phenomenon. There are mass limited and
volume limited storm events coinciding with the depositional mass and antecedent periods between
events. Mass limited storms may be due to back-to-back precipitation events that have mobilized all
available pollutants. Alternatively, there are instances where large antecedent dry periods or periods of
high deposition (such as fall) results in a mass that is not completely mobilized by a storm event thus
there is leftover available mass that will be delivered during subsequent runoff events. The effluent
curves for all pollutants are more evenly distributed and nearly all fall on or near the reference line
indicating a more uniform release of pollutants in the effluent. This is also contrasted by the dramatic
reduction of pollutant mass in the effluent across all parameters and subsequent low but continual
release of undiminishable or background pollutant concentrations.
-------
Page | 29
Figure 24: Dimensionless, cumulative mass pollutographsfor TSS, TN, and TP and N03 vs inflow and outflow volumes. Note the greyscale
from lightest to darkest (black) correspond to the respective total pollutant mass per event (least-grey to greatest- black).
-------
Page | 30
7. Pollutant Loading and Removal
One of the benefits of using the UV-Vis spectrometer is that the single instrument can be used to
estimate multiple parameters (if there is a previously calibrated curve). Table 3 shows the total
estimated mass loading per event at the inlet for the UV-Vis predicted parameters. The summary
statistics are shown at the end of the table. Note the different units (mg, g, and kg) to accommodate the
varied loading amounts.
-------
Table 3: Estimated total mass loading at the inlet for various pollutants.
Event ID
Event Date
N03-N
(mg)
TKN
(g)
DOC
(g)
TN
(g)
TP
(g)
TSS (kg)
1
8/16/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
8/18/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
8/27/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
9/2/20
0
118
16
0
7
15
5
9/3/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
9/10/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
9/11/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
9/18/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
10/13/20
56
37
186
9
7
6
10
10/17/20
26233
590
4392
85
235
204
11
10/20/20
0
136
1336
44
70
47
12
10/26/20
88
44
384
10
12
9
13
10/27/20
144435
6359
1051
475
370
196
14
10/28/20
514
104
506
30
41
32
15
10/29/20
85837
309
4
98
2373
121
16
11/1/20
92
0
0
0
19
0
17
11/1/20
31
0
0
0
32
0
18
11/3/20
7372
0
0
2
27
0
19
11/4/20
2670
1726
107
178
36
125
20
11/11/20
0
259
1525
36
83
76
21
11/13/20
0
3
1
0
0
0
22
11/15/20
47764
493
1039
49
133
141
23
11/23/20
120
427
819
84
143
121
24
11/26/20
4
871
1342
10
134
181
25
11/30/20
0
2131
3352
34
380
482
n
18
18
18
18
18
18
Minimum
0
0
0
0
0
0
First
Quartile
1
39
7
4
21
7
Median
90
198
445
32
55
62
Third
Quartile
6196
566
1264
75
141
137
Maximum
144435
6359
4392
475
2373
482
Total
315217
13607
16058
1144
4102
1757
-------
Page | 32
An interesting "reality check" can validate the TSS totals. The median total TSS load per storm was
about 62 kg. A quick calculation using the bulk density of sand (1680 kg/m3), yields a volume of about
33 cm cubed (1.3 ft3). This is a reasonable amount of sediment load.
Since the site visits last year for the initial monitoring report, the sediment mound at the inlet pipe has
been observed to increase at an estimated rate of about 10 cm (about 4 in) in depth by an area of
roughly about 2.4 m squared (8 ft squared). The total TSS load over the monitoring period was about
1,757 kg over the monitoring period. Using the same bulk density conversion as above, the total
volume of sediment delivered to the BMP inlet over the monitoring period was a little over 1 m3 (37
ft3). If the deposit was about 10 cm deep as observed, the area of deposition would be about 3.2 m (10
ft) squared. This is a great, quick "reality check" for the estimated TSS loading compared to visual
observation of the deposition mound at the inlet pipe. This validates the prediction model for TSS quite
well qualitatively.
Table 4 shows the mass removal efficiency (RE) of each parameter and storm, and summary statistics
are shown at the bottom of the table. All storms where the concentration or volume was measured at
both the inlet and outlet locations are shown. For events where the inflow mass was zero and the
outflow mass was a positive number due to noise, an error is shown ("Err") due to a divide by zero
error. These values indicate that the inflow mass was zero. The pollutants and volume were monitored
with different instruments, so some events were the spectrometers did not trigger due to the error in the
code, the volume was measured independently and therefore can still be reported here.
-------
Table 4: Mass Removal Efficiency (RE) by event Note values of "Err" indicate a positive effluent mass and influent of zero.
Event
ID
Event Date
N03-N
TKN
DOC
TN
TP
TSS
Volume
1
8/16/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
72%
2
8/18/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
74%
3
8/27/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
53%
4
9/2/20
Err
72%
Err
Err
28%
99%
49%
5
9/3/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
57%
6
9/10/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
68%
7
9/11/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
58%
8
9/18/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
75%
9
10/13/20
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
10
10/17/20
31%
87%
82%
86%
95%
100%
89%
11
10/20/20
Err
97%
97%
98%
99%
100%
94%
12
10/26/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
100%
13
10/27/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
95%
14
10/28/20
-24%
97%
89%
98%
98%
100%
85%
15
10/29/20
76%
24%
Err
13%
99%
100%
90%
16
11/1/20
57%
Err
Err
365%
100%
93%
17
11/1/20
-137%
Err
Err
439%
99%
100%
91%
18
11/3/20
99%
Err
Err
63%
100%
100%
88%
19
11/4/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
100%
20
11/11/20
Err
98%
98%
89%
98%
99%
94%
21
11/13/20
-
-
-
-
-
-
100%
22
11/15/20
98%
99%
91%
88%
99%
100%
88%
23
11/23/20
Err
100%
96%
96%
99%
100%
94%
24
11/26/20
Err
98%
92%
4%
98%
100%
94%
25
11/30/20
Err
98%
89%
25%
99%
100%
94%
n
8
11
9
13
14
13
25
Minimum
-137%
24%
82%
439%
28%
99%
49%
First Quartile
18%
92%
89%
13%
98%
100%
74%
Median
66%
98%
92%
86%
99%
100%
90%
Third
Quartile
98%
99%
97%
96%
99%
100%
94%
Maximum
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
-------
Table 5: Event Mean Concentrations (EMC) by event
Event
ID
Event
Date
Inlet
(Outlet)
N03-N
(mg/L)
Inlet
(Outlet)
TKN
(mg/L)
Inlet
(Outlet)
DOC
(mg/L)
Inlet
(Outlet)
TN (mg/L)
Inlet
(Outlet) TP
(mg/L)
Inlet
(Outlet)
TSS
(mg/L)
1
8/16/20
- (0.45)
-(1.13)
-(12.99)
- (0.24)
-(0.23)
- (4.6)
2
8/18/20
-(0.12)
-(1.31)
-(13.39)
-(0.18)
- (0.25)
-(4)
3
8/27/20
-(0.18)
-d)
-(11.13)
-(0.14)
- (0.24)
-(0)
4
9/2/20
0(0.16)
2.58 (1.42)
0.34
(12.25)
0(0.21)
0.15 (0.22)
339 (3.9)
5
9/3/20
-(0.14)
-(1.48)
-(13.7)
- (0.25)
-(0.19)
-(1.2)
6
9/10/20
-(0.15)
-(1.16)
-(11.17)
-(0.18)
-(0.19)
-(0.1)
7
9/11/20
-(0.17)
-(1.14)
-(12.51)
-(0.14)
- (0.24)
- (0.7)
8
9/18/20
-(0.12)
-(1.4)
-(10.52)
-(0.19)
- (0.29)
-(58.1)
9
10/13/20
0(0)
2.66 (3.13)
13.2 (0)
0.67 (0.18)
0.52 (0.08)
418(0)
10
10/17/20
0.04 (0.27)
0.97(1.18)
7.22
(11.48)
0.14(0.18)
0.39(0.18)
335 (0)
11
10/20/20
0 (0.07)
1.29 (0.68)
12.61
(7.09)
0.42 (0.15)
0.66 (0.15)
440 (21.3)
12
10/26/20
O(-)
2.38 (-)
20.67 (-)
0.54 (-)
0.62 (-)
472 (-)
13
10/27/20
2.08 (-)
91.77 (-)
15.17 (-)
6.85 (-)
5.34 (-)
2833 (-)
14
10/28/20
0.01 (0.08)
1.91 (0.37)
9.32 (6.4)
0.55 (0.08)
0.75 (0.11)
591 (4.8)
15
10/29/20
0.03 (0.07)
0.11 (0.83)
0 (6.05)
0.03 (0.3)
0.82 (0.1)
42 (0)
16
11/1/20
0 (0.02)
0 (0.26)
0 (2.44)
0 (0.24)
0.81 (0.03)
0(0)
17
11/1/20
0 (0.02)
0 (0.52)
0(3.36)
0 (0.24)
0.89 (0.05)
11(0)
18
11/3/20
0.24 (0.01)
0 (0.82)
0(2.18)
0.06 (0.2)
0.89 (0.04)
3(0)
19
11/4/20
0.53 (-)
340.46 (-)
21.04 (-)
35.16 (-)
7.05 (-)
24572 (-)
20
11/11/20
0 (0.03)
1.45 (0.51)
8.52 (2.92)
0.2 (0.35)
0.46 (0.13)
427 (55.6)
21
11/13/20
O(-)
2.29 (-)
0.39 (-)
0.01 (-)
0.26 (-)
364 (-)
22
11/15/20
0.13 (0.02)
1.37(0.15)
2.89 (2.13)
0.14(0.13)
0.37 (0.03)
392 (0)
23
11/23/20
0 (0.04)
2.47 (0.16)
4.74 (3.53)
0.49 (0.34)
0.83 (0.09)
701 (0)
24
11/26/20
0 (0.05)
1.82 (0.44)
2.8 (3.74)
0.02 (0.3)
0.28 (0.09)
378 (0)
25
11/30/20
0 (0.07)
1.57(0.61)
2.47 (4.31)
0.03 (0.3)
0.28 (0.06)
355 (0)
n
18(21)
18(21)
18(21)
18(21)
18(21)
18 (21)
Minimum
0(0)
0(0.15)
0(0)
0 (0.08)
0.15 (0.03)
0(0)
First
Quartile
0 (0.03)
1.05 (0.51)
0.35 (3.36)
0.02 (0.18)
0.37 (0.08)
336 (0)
Median
0 (0.07)
1.69 (0.83)
3.82 (6.4)
0.14(0.2)
0.64 (0.13)
385 (0)
Third
Quartile
0.04 (0.15)
2.45 (1.18)
11.79
(11.48)
0.53 (0.25)
0.83 (0.22)
464 (4)
Maximum
2.08 (0.45)
340.46
(3.13)
21.04
(13.7)
35.16
(0.35)
7.05 (0.29)
24572
(58.1)
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Page | 35
D. Performance Summary
The Chatham BMP was monitored for water quality and quantity performance for 25 runoff events.
The BMP was originally sized to treat about 0.3 in of rainfall over 9.3 ac of IC. The inlet control
structure diverted these events to the BMP. As seen from the offline bypass monitoring, the BMP
median inlet volume was about 77% of the total runoff volume. This is relatively consistent with the
design sizing as about 50% of all rain events are 0.3 inches or less.
The UV-Vis spectrometer was successfully used to monitor and estimate pollutant concentrations at
the inlet and outlet locations. The concentration values were estimated using a previously calibrated
stormwater regression curve using Partial Least Squares regression to concurrent laboratory samples.
The Event Mean Concentrations (EMC) were calculated for these events and had influent median
values for TN, TP, and TSS of 0.14, 0.64, and 385 mg/L, respectively. The removal efficiencies (RE)
of the total mass per event were calculated. The median event loading, total loading, and median mass
RE for the calculated pollutants are summarized in Table 6.
Table 6: Summary of median event loading, total loading, and mass RE median values for the monitoring period.
N03-N
TKN
DOC
TN
TP
TSS
Volume
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(kg)
(L)
Median
Event Mass
Load
0.090
198
445
32
55
62
53,386
Total Mass
Load
315
13607
16058
1144
4102
1757
6,930,495
Median RE
66%
98%
92%
86%
99%
100%
90%
Performance Curve Values
Enhanced
Biofiltration
with ISR
52%
45%
82%
0%
Gravel
Wetland
41%
34%
72%
0%
Infiltration
Basin (IR
8.27 in/hr)
96%
90%
98%
87%
Table 6 shows the very high median mass RE of the BMP. At the bottom of Table 6 are also the yearly
expected RE using the Performance Curves ((US EPA Region 1, 2017) and (UNHSC, 2019)) for 3
systems: enhanced biofiltration with ISR, gravel wetland, and an infiltration basin (IR 8.27 in/hr). The
BMP most closely matches and even outperforms the infiltration basin except for the RE of TN is
slightly lower. The system was built with a liner on the bottom of the system to prevent infiltration, but
the vertical sidewalls were not lined, and it has been shown that significant infiltration can occur
through the BMP sidewalls despite little to no infiltration in the BMP bottom (Macadam, 2018). This is
especially relevant on Cape Cod where many soils are very sand with high infiltration rates. The
Appendix F performance curve loading rates for TP and TSS as the relative percent differences were
44% and 5%. The TN difference was 192%.
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Page | 36
The dimensionless, cumulative pollutographs for TSS, TN, and TP vs inflow and outflow volumes
capture an interesting summary of the transport of the nutrients to and out of the system.
E. Conclusions
The Chatham BMP was monitored for water quality and quantity performance for 25 runoff events
during the 2020 monitoring season. The flow (and subsequently volumes) of influent and effluent were
measuring using water level sensors, and the water quality was measured using an ultraviolet-visual
spectrometer using a stormwater calibrated nutrient prediction models. The real-time spectral probes
like the s::can spectro::lyser converts UV-Vis spectral absorbance values to parameter concentrations
based on the Beer-Lambert Law, which states that light absorption is proportional to both the
concentration of a material as well as the thickness of a material within a sample. The stormwater
calibration curve employed in this study is calibrated to influent runoff characters in other studies and
provided usable results for real-time concentrations of TSS, TP, and TN in addition to other parameters
(e.g., DOC). This study supports the potential for developing global calibration curves specific to
stormwater runoff for similar real-time ultraviolet sensors. These results are encouraging that real-time
ultraviolet sensors are capable of advancing stormwater quality monitoring and hold the potential to
deliver more accurate laboratory quality data instantaneously with greater efficiency and at a lower
overall cost than conventionally available methodologies. Results also support the use of existing
accounting processes (EPA Region 1 Performance Curves (US EPA Region 1, 2017)) as a model for
the future to accurately predict SCM performance. The process model represents a paradigm shift
away from historical approaches in that they don't require and use intensive empirical monitoring
efforts such as auto sampling and composite sampling that generate water samples for chemical
analysis, and they introduce performance curves for quantification and accounting of structural SCM
load reductions and an in-situ real-time UV optical sensor methodology where monitoring is deemed
necessary. The "first flush" relationships are often assumed in stormwater, but with the addition of
more and higher resolution monitored data, clear trends are not in the data. For this site and data, the
TN pollutograph was the most variable and showed no clear trend generally.
IV. Technical Support Document
The purpose of this technical support document (TSD) is to set forth this next-generation SCM
accounting and when necessary innovative monitoring approach as a model for the future.
A. Process Summary
The innovative next-generation SCM monitoring and accounting methods described herein necessitates
discussion of the sociological and economic considerations underlying the process that is critical for
engendering a meaningful and lasting transfer of technological innovation.
B. Engendering Meaningful and Lasting Transfer of Technology
1. Historical Perspective
Background
For stormwater sampling historically there are two basic techniques: samples may be taken manually
or captured using automatic samplers. Obtaining manual samples involves sending personnel to the
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Page | 37
sampling location before the rain event occurs and physically capturing samples as the stormwater
effluent where it is accessible. This process is burdened with resource issues centering on moving
personnel to the sampling locations before a rain event and capturing samples in potentially hazardous
situations. This method also depends on accurate rainfall forecasts.
The use of automatic samplers provides an alternative solution. These samplers can be triggered
remotely or be programmed with a sampling protocol to begin taking samples as soon as the rain event
begins (flow trigger or precipitation trigger). The benefit of using automatic samplers is that many
samplers may be placed concurrently in different locations to capture a rain event. The location of the
sampling intake of the samplers can be secured to the bottom of the invert of a pipe, swale, or another
location of interest ensuring the same cross-sectional location of pipe is sampled. This is referred to as
a point integrated sample (Lane, Westaway, & Hicks, 2003).
That said automatic sampling is hardly easy. Personnel time and other manual burdens persist, and the
incidence of unrepresentative or unusable storms can border on 50% even if you are thorough and
knowledgeable about the equipment.
Fundamental sampling methods
Stormwater samples and their analyses yield a description of the fundamental water quality
characteristics (median, average, standard deviation, etc.). The data may also be used to assess
removal efficiencies for stormwater management systems by synthesizing the water quality and flow
data into total mass or event mean concentration. This of course assumes that flow monitoring is
reliable and accurate. Grab samples are samples that are taken without interruption and represent the
stormwater at that instant of time. Grab samples may be taken manually or by automatic samplers (US
EPA, 1992) "Composite samples are samples simply comprised of a series of individual aliquots that
when combined, reflect the average pollutant concentration of the storm water discharge during the
sampling period (US EPA, 1992)." The spacing between when aliquots are taken is paced using either
flow or time. The following two types of composite samples can be developed:
Constant Time-Constant Volume: A single composite average sample created from a set of samples
having equal volumes which were taken at equal increments of time during an event. This will result
in a sample that averages the individual concentrations but fails to represent pollutant mass.
Constant Time-Volume Proportional to Flow Increment: A single or set of composite samples that
were created by varying the volume being placed in them proportionally to the amount of flow that
passed by during equal lengths of time. This method results in a sample that represents the event mean
concentration.
Most stormwater sampling methods were adopted from the drinking water and wastewater settings.
One could question the difficulty of ushering in a set of new sampling standards, but the reality is,
there never really were many sampling standards to begin with.
Modern challenges with stormwater sampling.
Much of the data collected in the 1980's through the national urban runoff program (NURP) was
collected using grab samples. Grab samples are exactly that, grabbing a sample sometime during a
storm event. These older sampling approaches have largely been supplanted by autosamplers. Still,
much of the data, simple as it may be, have been aggregated into simple pollutant load export rates that
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Page | 38
are largely differentiated by a generic land use category. These pollutant load estimates have remained
relevant and applicable largely since collecting trustworthy input data is difficult. The NURP program
was a large, well-funded, nationally administered program, not simply a repository for any and all data.
Today, many stormwater management systems are designed and installed yet monitoring was never
included as an objective. Therefore, monitoring such systems after they are constructed presents
significant monitoring issues, including access issues (equipment and personnel), flow pathways, lack
of grade (hydraulic head sufficient to allow the monitoring method to be hydraulically invisible) and
underdrain/outfall exposure.
Environmental data is variable by nature. For the most part, stormwater sampling equipment was
adapted from the wastewater industry. Without strict guidance and protocols, humans are traditionally
unreliable, or at least inconsistent, when it comes to methods. With a stormwater sampling, it seems
that everyone does things a little bit differently. This is part of the reason why environmental sampling
is so hard to standardize. By nature, it is inconsistent and that is just the first part of the story.
Sample programing
At this writing, the most reliable and reproducible sampling method is with automatic samplers. For
the most part, autosamplers were an advancement to grab sampling approaches. Autosamplers may be
programmed in various ways. Time-based, volume-based, discrete, composite, single bottle, multiple
bottle samples may be preserved at the time of sampling as well. Sample splitting may be a
challenging step, however, there is no difference with this process between grab and autosamplers.
Unfortunately, there appears to be the perception that anyone can perform sampling and that this will
result in defensible research. This seems to be a consequence of more powerful and automated
sampling equipment. Using modern equipment instills a belief that defensible data emerges just by
turning on the power. The truth however is that these instruments require caretaking and constant
program updating. In reality, a few storms are required to "shake down" equipment, personnel, and
software. That is assuming that the rainfall intensity, duration, and frequencies do not change much
with the season.
Composite sampling
Composite sampling is a much more economical approach to sampling with autosamplers. Storm
capture and sample splitting are definite issues. If a single bottle is used for sample collection it often
has to be split for different chemical analyses and for quality assurance protocols. Single bottle
composites also limit the storm capture rates as anomalies such as short rain bursts may trigger the
sampling program and intermingle non-events (rainfall <0.1 inches).
Flow conversion is a major component of a sampling strategy. There are a number of ways to convert
water depth to flow in open channels/pipes, but almost no proven methods to monitor direct flow in
open drainage networks smaller with pipes/channels that are 12 inches in diameter or smaller.
Manning's equation and volumetrically calibrated weirs are two of the most common methods. The
presence of the automatic sampler sampling intakes, pressure transducer/bubbler tube, and sample
intake could all be creating an unusual amount of turbulence around the weir. The weir and associated
level logger measure the level of water behind the weir and calculates a flow based on the depth vs
discharge rating curve developed for the instrument in a laboratory under controlled laminar flow
conditions. Turbulent flows however could be introducing different momentum forces at instrument
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Page | 39
interface not calculated in the lab. These anomalies would most certainly impact sampling programs
and the quality of the data collected. Inevitably the manufacturer's rating curve was not calibrated
with probes near the point where stage was recorded, this is seldom ever addressed in modern
stormwater monitoring QAPPs.
Storm characterization and troubleshooting.
Weather is variable. Rainfall characteristics change with the seasons, it is important that you adjust
your sampling approach as well.
Modern Approaches
Most stormwater sampling approaches invite plentiful opportunities for error. From programming to
flow depth to flow estimates to extend holding times (since it always seems to rain at 2 am on Sunday).
The errors that these methods impart on stormwater sampling data are largely undocumented. Adding
sample splitting and issues related to representatives (just where was the sampler intake?) can make
even the most seasoned researcher nervous. This is all prior to delivery to the lab. Laboratory
analytics carry their own potential bias and often ± 20% is the industry standard. This acceptable
deviation is at the very end of a long sampling and chain of custody process that may incur numerous
other potential acceptable differences or acceptable protocol error. Table 7 is from a recently accepted
QAPP for stormwater control measure verification.
Table 7: Relative percent difference (RPD)for common quality assurance project protocols for stormwater research.
Data Quality Indicators
Measurement
Performance Criteria
RPD Value
Precision - Overall
Relative Percent
Difference (RPD)
RPD < 20%
Precision - Lab
Relative Percent
Difference (RPD)
RPD < 20%
Accuracy / Bias
Relative Percent
Difference (RPD)
RPD < 20%
Data Evaluation
Data analyses typically cover a range of approaches including:
• assessment of storm characteristics
• estimation of event mean concentrations
• normalized performance efficiencies
Event mean concentrations (EMC's) are a parameter used to represent the flow-proportional average
concentration of a given water quality parameter for a storm event. It is defined as the total constituent
mass divided by the total runoff volume. When combined with flow measurement data, the EMC is
used to estimate the pollutant mass loading. Most of the EMC data collected in stormwater studies are
based on direct measurement from flow-weighted composite samples. Due to the variability of
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Page | 40
precipitation events and resultant runoff conditions, sample trigger conditions and flow-weighted
sample pacing are highly variable and must be adjusted on a storm by storm basis according to the
most up-to-date precipitation forecasts.
The range of analyses reveals a range of performance trends. Efficiency Ratio (ER) analysis may be
performed with a final dataset. For many performance-related datasets of stormwater treatment
systems, the ER is a stable estimation of overall treatment performance as it minimizes the impact of
low concentration values or relatively clean storms with low influent EMCs. Whereas Removal
Efficiencies (RE) reflect treatment unit performance on a storm by storm basis, ERs weight all storms
equally and reflect overall influent and effluent averages across the entire data set. REs are presented
as both an average and median of aggregate storm values. In general, aggregate median RE values are
more reliable in highly variable, non-normally distributed datasets such as those experienced in
stormwater treatment unit performance studies.
When concentration results are below the detection limit (BDL) a value of half the detection limit (DL)
is commonly used for statistical purposes.
2. Innovations
Real-time sensing is an innovation to conventional stormwater monitoring efforts that often employs
automated samplers, and flow-weighted composite sample splitting for laboratory-produced pollutant
export rates and associated stormwater control measure (SCM) removal performance. This
groundbreaking approach holds promise to revolutionize field sampling methods and eliminate much
of the potential error associated with automated samplers, long holding times, composite sampling
approaches, and the time for wet chemistry analyses.
For example, real-time ultra-violet sensors technology is rapidly developing. UV-sensors convert
spectral absorbance values to parameter concentrations based on the Beer-Lambert Law which states
that light absorption is proportional to both the concentration of a material as well as the thickness of a
material within a sample. UV-based measuring approaches have developed a wide range of global
calibration curves for monitoring specific parameters in a variety of water compositions applicable to
municipal and natural water systems. The global calibration curve employed should be indicative of
the closest related water chemistry characteristics. Currently, this is largely limited to the data and
calibration curves available. Granted there are still unknowns with these newer instruments. Little is
known concerning adequate cleaning and calibration intervals, particularly in closed drainage
networks. As sampling techniques evolve, these approaches deserve attention as they have the
potential to significantly increase monitoring sensitivity. Regardless of the accepted sampling
approach, it is clear that any stormwater sampling is a complex and sensitive activity that it should be
assumed can be completed with a vast range of accuracy and precision.
3. Quantify SCM Benefits
A major question remains as to the need for broad data collection approaches. Modeling hydrology
with applications such as SWMM will often be far more accurate than data collection efforts. Targeted
and defensible field studies can help calibrate superior hydrologic models and develop performance
curves that are useful in system accounting.
For purposes of reiteration, a useful summary of the steps leading to benefit quantification was
developed in a separate project (US EPA, 2019) and is provided here as it applies to this effort. The
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Page | 41
full report and project documentation can be found online: https://www.epa.gov/snecwrp/tisbury-ma-
impervious-cover-disconnection-icd-proiect-integrated-stormwater-management
1. Establish baseline condition: Unit-area HRU time series for the period of interest (Jan 1998 -
Dec 2018) were used as the boundary condition to the SCM simulation model. The Opti-Tool
provides a utility tool that runs the SWMM models, calibrated to Region 1 specific land use
average annual loading export rates, and generates the HRU hourly time series in the format
needed for the Opti-Tool. The HRU hourly time series was developed using the hourly rainfall
and temperature data from a local rain gage located at the Martha Vineyard's airport.
2. Set Management objective: The management objective was to identify the most cost-effective
stormwater controls (types and sizes) for achieving a wide range of TN loading, stormwater
volume, and storm flow rate reductions at the two outfall locations.
3. Set Optimization target: Cost effectiveness-curves for average annual TN load and average
annual stormwater volume reduction were developed.
4. Incorporate Land use information: The area distribution for the major land-use groups within
the pilot watershed was estimated. Each land-use group in the model was assigned the
corresponding unit-area HRU time series.
5. Incorporate SCM information: Two SCM types, infiltration trench and infiltration basin, were
selected for six major land use categories based on the Management Category analysis. SCM
specifications were set using the default parameters and SCM cost function available in the
Opti-Tool. Impervious drainage areas were assigned to be treated by each SCM type in the
model.
6. Run optimization scenario: The simulation period (Jan 1998 - Dec 2018), the stormwater
metrics of concern (flow volume and TN loading), the objective function (minimize cost) were
defined, and input files were created for the optimization runs. The optimization was performed
using the continuous simulation SCM model to reflect actual long-term precipitation conditions
that included a wide range of actual storm sizes to find the optimal SCM storage capacities that
provided the most cost-effective solution at the watershed scale. Each optimization runs
generated a CE-Curve showing the optimal solutions frontier for a wide range of stormwater
volume and TN load reduction targets.
C. Conclusions
The purpose of this technical support document (TSD) has been to set forth a next-generation
stormwater monitoring and accounting processes as a model for the future. The process model
represents a paradigm shift away from historical approaches in that:
• They don't require and use intensive empirical monitoring efforts such as auto sampling and
composite sampling that generate water samples for chemical analysis.
and
• Introduces performance curves for quantification and accounting of structural SCM load
reductions and an in-situ real-time UV optical sensor methodology where monitoring is deemed
necessary.
-------
V. References
Houle, J. J., Puis, T. A., & Ballestero, T. P. (2017). Performance analysis of two relatively small
capacity urban retrofit stormwater controls. Journal of Water Management Modeling.
doi: 10.14796/JWMM. C417
Lane, S. N., Westaway, R. M., & Hicks, M. D. (2003). Estimation of erosion and deposition volumes
in a large, gravel-bed, braided river using synoptic remote sensing. Earth Surface Processes and
Landforms. The Journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group, 28(3), 249-271.
Lee, J., & Bang, K. (2000). Characterization of Urban Stormwater. Water Resources, 34(6), 1773—
1780.
Macadam, D. R. (2018). An Improved Infiltration Model and Design Sizing Approach for Stormwater
Bioretention Filters Including Anisotropy and Infiltration Into Native Soils. University of New
Hampshire Stormwater Center. Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest LLC. Retrieved from
https://www.unh.edu/unhsc/sites/default/files/media/macadam_unh_thesis_final_2018.pdf
UNHSC. (2019). BMP Performance Fact Sheets. Retrieved 12 2020, from
https://www.unh.edu/unhsc/sites/default/files/media/ms4_permit_nomographs_sheet_final_2019.pdf
UNHSC. (2019). Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment
Concentrations in Stormwater Runoff. Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire Stormwater
Center.
US EPA. (1992). NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance Document. Office of Water. United States
Environmental Protection Agency.
US EPA. (2019). Tisbury MA Impervious Cover Disconnection (ICD) Project: An Integrated
Stormwater Management Approach for Promoting Urban Community Sustainability and Resilience.
Boston, MA: United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 1. Retrieved from
https://www.epa.gov/snecwrp/tisbury-ma-impervious-cover-disconnection-icd-project-integrated-
stormwater-management
US EPARegion 1. (2017). 2017 NH Small MS4 General Permit. Retrieved 12 2020, from Appendix F:
https://www3.epa.gov/regionl/npdes/stormwater/nh/2017-appendix-f-sms4-nh.pdf
-------
VI. Appendices
1. Appendix 1: Event Hydrographs and Bypass
This appendix shows all monitored storm events for rainfall, inflow, outflow, and offline bypass in the
inlet control structure.
The titles show the date of the start of the event. Flow at the inlet, outlet, and bypass are in liters per
second (L/s) and are shown on the left axis. Rainfall in millimeters (mm) is shown on the right,
inverted axis.
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Page | 45
08/16/20
80 -
70 -
60 -
_ 50 -
to
ri
3 40 H
CI
u_
30 -
20 -
10 -
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
0.0
- 0.2
- 0.4
- 0.6 E
E
0.8
CD
cd
- 1.0
1.2
- 1.4
15:00 18:00
21:00
°v>
\
03:00 06:00 09:00
Time
08/18/20
12:00 15:00 18:00
04:00
06:00
08:00
Time
10:00
12:00
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Page | 46
08/27/20
Time
09/02/20
Time
-------
Page | 47
50
i/i
s
o
70
60
50 H
40
30
20 H
10
0
09/03/20
400 H
350
300
„ 250
in
J 200
U-
150 -
100
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
- 30
Xk-
10
20
ro
H—
_c
"fD
40 aL
- 50
- 60
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
Time
18:00
20:00
22:00
09/10/20
V
i
i
i
ii
ii
n
ii
n
ii
11
11
11
11
11
11
IkI
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
-1
2?
E
M—
4
5
16:00
18:00
20:00
Time
22:00
•CP
v-
-------
Page | 48
09/11/20
Time
09/18/20
Time
-------
Page | 49
10/13/20
T
VTT
Tl—FT
Rainfall (right)
¦ Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00
Time
18:00
21:00
4 £
£
cd
10/17/20
175 -
150 -
125
in
^ 100
5
o
75 -
50 -
25
03:00
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
06:00
09:00 12:00
Time
15:00
18:00
0.0
0.2
0.4
r °'6
£
E
h 0.8 -
IC
M—
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h 1.0 c£
1.2
- 1.4
- 1.6
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Page | 50
10/20/20
Time
10/26/20
Time
-------
Page | 51
10/27/20
10:00
12:00
14:00 16:00
Time
Rainfall (riciht)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
18:00
0.0
- 0.2
- 0.4
- 0.6
0.8
A3
CC
1.0
1.2
- 1.4
10/28/20
06:00
09:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
Time
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10/29/20
Time
11/01/20
Time
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Page | 53
14
12 -
10 -
ir
5 8-
5
o
2 -
16:00
18:00
11/01/20
—v /
20:00
22:00
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
0.0
0.5
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E
E
h 1.5 ^
ro
cc
- 2.0
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04:00
Time
10:00
11/03/20
11:00
14:00
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Bypass
0.0
- 0.2
- 0.4
0.6
E
- 0.8
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Cd
- 1.0
- 1.2
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15:00
16:00
-------
Page | 54
11/04/20
Time
11/11/20
Time
-------
Page | 55
11/13/20
Time
11/15/20
Time
-------
e i 5
40 -
35 -
30 -
25 -
20 -
15 -
10 -
5 -
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80 -
70 -
60 -
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30 -
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11/23/20
V VVM V
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Time
11/26/20
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ro
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c
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(right)
12:00 15:00 18:00
21:00 o
a1
£
3 E
03
4—
c
4 03
CL
03:00 06:00
T
06:00 09:00
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-------
Page | 57
11/30/20
Time
-------
2. Appendix 2: Event Hydrographs and Pollutant Concentrations
This appendix shows all monitored storm events for rainfall, inflow, outflow, and concentrations of
total suspended sediment (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The TSS, TN, and TP
were measured using the UV-Vis spectrometer at the inlet and outlet location. The data recorded is
light absorbance per meter for wavelengths in the 220-720 nm range. The concentrations of pollutants
were calculated using a prediction model from UNHSC based on Partial Least Squares Regression
comparing to laboratory values. The model is from a previous study by UNHSC submitted in 2018 to
and funded by the U.S. EPA titled Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure
Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stormwater Runoff.
The graphs titles show the date of the start of the event.
Subplot 1: Flow at the inlet and outlet are in liters per second (L/s) and are shown on the left axis.
Rainfall in millimeters (mm) is shown on the inverted right axis.
Subplot 2: Concentration of total suspended sediment (TSS) in milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the inlet
and outlet locations.
Subplot 3: Concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the inlet and outlet
locations.
Subplot 4: Concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in milligrams per liter (mg/L) at the inlet and outlet
locations.
-------
Page | 59
08/16/20
o.o
0.2
0.4 |
0.6
113
0£
0.8
1.0
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i/i
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o
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cn
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15:00
18:00
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03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00
Time
-------
Page | 60
08/18/20
Rainfall (right)
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0.0
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(13
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cc
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\ A
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04:00
06:00
08:00
Time
10:00
12:00
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61
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16:00
18:00
20:00
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02:00
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-------
Page | 62
20
15
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2000
1500
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10
15 £
20 |
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to
30 *
35
40
10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
Time
09/03/20
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Inlet TP
Outlet TP
-------
Page | 64
09/10/20
0.04 -
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cn
E
c
o
0.02
0.00 ¦
c
01
" -0.02
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Dl
_£
c
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0.2 -
c
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Page | 65
09/11/20
20
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1.5 .£
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c£
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0.6
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cn
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04:00
06:00
08:00
Time
10:00
12:00
-------
Page | 66
09/18/20
Time
-------
Page | 67
10/13/20
VVUWV V VW \M
v V V V V V ,v vu,
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11 Inlet
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f
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06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00
Time
18:00
21:00
-------
Page | 68
10/17/20
60 -
50 -
40 -
10
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0.7
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Page | 69
1 15 "
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cc
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Page | 70
10/26/20
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Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
22:00
23:00
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Outlet TP
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01:00
02:00
Time
-------
Page | 71
10/27/20
10
8
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-------
Page | 72
10/28/20
v ^
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21:00
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-------
Page | 73
10/29/20
40
30
in
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-------
Page | 74
11/01/20
\
V Rainfall (right)
\ Inlet
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1
4 E
E
8
h 10
rt3
cc
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N
r
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05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00
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10:00
11:00
12:00
-------
75
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i
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UN
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
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OT-
02:00
04:00
Time
-------
Page | 76
11/03/20
o.o
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
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Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
16:00
-------
Page | 77
11/04/20
2.0 -
„ 1.5
IS)
5
I 1.0
0.5 -
0.0 -
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Inlet
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120
- 100
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j= 80
c
o
£ 60
c
-------
Page | 78
E
E
c
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cc
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2000
& 1500
C
o
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U
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o.o -
18:00
21:00
03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00
11/11/20
Time
-------
Page | 79
11/13/20
Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
06:00
09:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
Time
-------
Page | 80
11/15/20
Inlet TSS
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VvJ
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21:00
CY*°
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03:00
06:00
09:00
12:00 15:00
18:00
21:00
v
Time
-------
Page | 81
11/23/20
v vwwv v
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
Outlet
Inlet T5S
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
IM.
Inlet TP
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14:00
16:00 18:00
Time
20:00
22:00
-------
Page | 82
11/26/20
Inlet TSS
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06:00
09:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
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cv^
03:00 06:00
Time
-------
Page | 83
11/30/20
Rainfall (right)
Inlet
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Outlet TN
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12:00
18:00
06:00
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Time
-------
Page | 84
3. Appendix 3: Event Hydrographs and Pollutant Masses
This appendix shows all monitored storm events for rainfall, inflow, outflow, and masses of total
suspended sediment (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The TSS, TN, and TP were
measured using the UV-Vis spectrometer at the inlet and outlet location. The data recorded is light
absorbance per meter for wavelengths in the 220-720 nm range. The concentrations of pollutants were
calculated using a prediction model from UNHSC based on Partial Least Squares Regression
comparing to laboratory values. The model is from a previous study by UNHSC submitted in 2018 to
and funded by the U.S. EPA titled Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure
Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stormwater Runoff.
The graphs titles show the date of the start of the event.
Subplot 1: Flow at the inlet and outlet are in liters per second (L/s) and are shown on the left axis.
Rainfall in millimeters (mm) is shown on the inverted right axis.
Subplot 2: Mass of total suspended sediment (TSS) in kilograms (kg) at the inlet and outlet locations.
Subplot 3: Mass of total nitrogen (TN) in kilograms (kg) at the inlet and outlet locations.
Subplot 4: Mass of total phosphorus (TP) in kilograms (kg) at the inlet and outlet locations.
-------
25 -
20 -
15 -
10 -
5 -
0-
.05
.04 -
,03 -
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01 -
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135 -~
130 -
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115-
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105 -
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105 -
100 -
15
08/16/20
Rainfall (rig it)
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- 0.0
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- 0.4 |
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-------
Page | 86
in
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.04
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0.02
0.01
0.00 -
08/18/20
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C£
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04:00
06:00
08:00
Time
10:00
12:00
-------
Page | 87
08/27/20
0.00010
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16:00
18:00
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Time
22:00
cvO°
02:00
-------
Page j 88
09/02/20
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Time
cv°°
0°c,e
-------
Page | 89
Inlet TN
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-------
Page | 90
20
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16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
Time
-------
Page | 91
09/11/20
20
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Rainfall (right)
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0.010-
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0.006 -
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cn 0.00008
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0.00002 -
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Inlet TP
Outlet TP
04:00
06:00
08:00
Time
10:00
12:00
-------
Page | 92
09/18/20
Time
-------
Page | 93
10/13/20
T
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1.6 •
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V
06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00
Time
18:00
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-------
Page | 94
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03:00
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Time
15:00
18:00
-------
Page | 95
10/20/20
35 -\
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| 0.003
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01:00
Time
-------
Page | 96
10/26/20
6
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01:00
02:00
Time
-------
Page | 97
10/27/20
o.o
0.2
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0.6
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Rainfall (richt)
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1.0
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10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00
Time
18:00
-------
Page | 98
10/28/20
8
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06:00
09:00
12:00
Time
15:00
18:00
21:00
-------
Page | 99
06:00
10/29/20
i Y^nr
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12:00
18:00
cvO°
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06:00
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12:00
18:00
0°
06:00
-------
Page | 100
10
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£n
3 6
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-------
Page | 101
11/01/20
10 ¦
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16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 „rs 02:00 04:00
Time
-------
Page | 102
11/03/20
o.o
Rainfall (ricjht)
Inlet
Outlet
Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
Time
14:00
15:00
16:00
-------
Page | 103
11/04/20
2.0 -
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0.0
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12:00
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13:00
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-------
Page | 104
11/11/20
Inlet TSS
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Inlet TN
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0.0000-
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00
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
21:00
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03:00
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Time
-------
Page | 105
11/13/20
0.04
0.03
-------
Page | 106
11/15/20
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
0.004 -
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0.001
0.000 -
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-------
Page | 107
11/23/20
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-------
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tOO -
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Inlet TSS
Outlet TSS
11/26/20
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
06:00
09:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
03:00
06:00
Time
-------
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Outlet TSS
Rainfall (right)
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Page | 109
11/30/20
Inlet TP
Outlet TP
Inlet TN
Outlet TN
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0.004 -
0.003
0.002 -
0.001 -
0.000 -
0.006 1
0.000 -
12:00
18:00
06:00
12:00
18:00
Time
-------
Page | 110
4. Appendix 4: Performance Curves
The BMP Performance Curves used to estimate the performance of the BMP are shown below. These
can be found in Appendix F of the NH Small MS4 General Permit (US EPA Region 1, 2017) and the
BMP Performance Fact Sheets by UNHSC (UNHSC, 2019).
-------
Page | 111
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1.8 2.0
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Physical Storage Capacity:
Depth of Runoff from Impervious Area (inches)
1.8 2.0
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Page | 112
100%
90%
80%
c 70%
'¦g 60%
"S 50%
en
"g 40%
o
30%
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0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Physical Storage Capacity:
Depth of Runoff from Impervious Area (inches)
Subsurface Gravel Wetland
— j
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-------
-------
Appendices
-------
-------
Appendix: Estimate for
Optional Period 1
-------
-------
-------
-------
Appendix: Optional Budget
Estimate for repairs of the
Hyannis BMP
-------
-------
SCOPE OF WORK
Barnstable Innovative Bioretention Project
The coastal embayments of Cape Cod have historically received excess nitrogen loadings, with a portion of
nitrogen coming from stormwater runoff. Consequently, the Massachusetts Estuaries Project (MEP)
developed total maximum daily load allocations (TMDLs) for many southern Massachusetts embayments
including those in Cape Cod. To begin the process of reaching the TMDL goals, the City of Barnstable
partnered with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), WaterVision, LLC, and
Comprehensive Environmental Inc. (CEI) to initiate a pilot project in Cape Cod in 2014 and demonstrate the
effectiveness of nitrogen load-reducing stormwater BMPs. This project was designed to monitor and
quantify the BMP performance for nitrogen removal. Since the BMPs installation there has been significant
surface clogging of the system such as to necessitate maintenance and system repair. There are numerous
confounding issues that the University of New Hampshire Stormwater Center (UNHSC) has been
contracted to investigate. This project has three tasks:
Task 1: Contractor Selection and system maintenance and repair
Task 2: Preliminary Monitoring
Task 3: Initial System Monitoring
Task 1: Contractor Selection and system maintenance and repair
This part of the project includes the labor and materials necessary for the maintenance of the Barnstable
Bioretention system. Work will include but may not be limited to: excavation of the first 4-6 inches of the
existing bioretention area or until original engineered soils are exposed. This scope also includes the
purchase and placement of all additional system materials necessary to rehabilitate and reestablish the
originally designed hydraulic routing, hauling of cut soils, and seeding as necessary. UNHSC will be
available to oversee maintenance and coordinate operations with the contractor such that site stabilization
and safety considerations will be managed appropriately.
Construction will follow the previously developed scope of work (see attachment). Particular attention will
be spent to ensure system resiliency across several variable climate conditions such as seasonally high water
table elevations, sea level rise and storm surge.
Task 1 Deliverables:
• An online working innovative bioretention system
• Built in resiliency to variable climate conditions
Estimated expenses
Contractor subcontract and supplies:
Project Management and Engineering Oversite:
Task 2: Preliminary Monitoring
UNHSC will conduct field investigations to ensure proper system function. These will include depth to
water measurements to understand ground water elevation, reinstrumentation of the facility to measure
influent and effluent flows, investigation of tidal surge and other hydraulic factors that may influence
system operation.
-------
Task 2 Deliverables:
• Verification of functional system hydrology and hydraulics.
• Documentation of variable climate conditions
Estimated Expenses
Project Management and data collection:
Task 3: Initial System Monitoring
On successful reconstruction and reestablishment of the BMP a limited number of storms will be monitored.
Depending on the acquisition of real-time probes the monitoring will either be conducted with existing
equipment or with real time UV-sensors (see attached quote).
The purpose of the monitoring program for the Barnstable BMP is to quantify the nitrogen load-reduction
performance of the innovative bioretention system. A confounding issue that has been historically raised for
coastal systems is how they would operate under changing water elevations either due to rising sea levels or
other natural phenomena. Until now there has been little other than speculation as to system performance
under these variable conditions. This data will help answer in part the effect of these fluxuations on system
performance. To quantify the effectiveness of the Barnstable BMP, parameters including flow, total
nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) will monitored at the inlet and outlet
of the BMP. These measurements will be analyzed to compare the percentage of nutrients and sediment
entering and leaving the treatment system.
Task 3a: Monitoring Program Overview
UNHSC will develop a sampling approach consistent with equipment availability and update or develop a
Quality Assurance Project Protocol (QAPP) as necessary.
Task 3b: Monitoring Program Management:
Note: this requirement necessitates the contractor is able to travel on short notice to the BMPs in order to
oversee execution of the MP during storm events.
UNHSC will collect data and assist with the administration of three to five (3-5) storm events. There is
limited availability of local volunteers to assist with the project but UNHSC staff will provide guidance and
direction as necessary to help enhance the amount of monitoring results collected.
Monitoring program protocols will be specifically outlined and detailed in the approved QAPP.
Task 3 Deliverables:
• An updated and approved QAPP
• Capture and collection of 3-5 storm events
• Analysis of all associated data
• Final report
Estimated Expenses:
Project Management and reporting:
-------
Appendix: Performance Work
Statement
-------
-------
Performance Work Statement (PWS)
for
Maintenance and Monitoring Program Update for Subsurface Gravel
Wetland BMP Retrofits on Cape Cod
December 23, 2020
I. Background
In 2015, EPA constructed two GI SGW BMP retrofits in Hyannis and Chatham MA to control and treat
discharges of nitrogen (N) in stormwater.1 The Cape N BMP retrofits had been constructed to
accommodate monitoring of physical and chemical parameters; namely, influent and effluent flow, and
water quality (WQ) data. The complexity associated with monitoring of stormwater BMPs, and in
particular BMP retrofits discharging within confined areas, has highlighted the difficulty of BMP
monitoring. Performance monitoring of stormwater BMP retrofits like these SGW retrofits requires the
expertise of a dedicated and experienced stormwater technician. Many practitioners do not have or
cannot afford such expertise. Consequently, the Project has demonstrated the importance of using EPA's
'Performance Curves' to assess BMP performance2 causing EPA R1 to reprioritize expectations for
performance assessment of these Cape Cod BMPs. Specifically, priority emphasis will shift to the
Chatham BMP where site conditions are less constrained. In addition, the multifaceted complexities
associated with using ISCO samplers for collection of water quality samples has led EPA R1 to
reconsider the practicability of using ISCOs for water quality sampling. The Project goal was to acquire
and employ state-of-the-art sensors for water quality measurements and divest from ISCO-based WQ
sample collection and wet chemical analysis. The data collected through this project can be used to
assess the reliability and verification of performance curves for the BMP(s) (as appropriate).
II. Performance Work Statement
Prior to initiation of activities, EPA coordinated with UNHSC and each municipality to obtain access
agreements for UNHSC to access and perform work at each site. All work described herein is presumed
to be within the scope of EPA's existing Memorandum of Understandings (MOU) with each
municipality (whether in draft or final form; signed or unsigned) and complies to the extent possible with
the EPA Performance Work Statement.
Task 0. Work Plan and Budget Development
UNHSC prepared a detailed work plan and budget response to the requested work scope describing
its proposed approach to completing all the tasks in this PWS. Its response included a description of all
assumptions and contingencies made by the Contractor (UNHSC), a budget, proposed schedule
(including a list of deliverables with due dates), and a description of proposed staff.
Task 0 deliverables included:
1 Information on these BMPs, including Construction As-Built Plans, may be found at https://www.epa.gov/snecwrp/cape-cod-
stormwater-best-manaeement-practice-bmp-retrofits-control-nitroeen.
2 Refer generally to Attachment III of Appendix F of EPA's 2017 New Hampshire Small MS4 General Permit, located at
https://www3.epa.eov/reeionl/npdes/stormwater/nh/2017-appendix-f-sms4-nh.pdf.
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Final Report for Cape Cod N BMP
Page|2
• This plan and budget is part of the official record with EPA.
Task 1. Project Management and Administration
UNHSC initiated a Project Kick-off Teleconference with the project team.
Following the Kickoff Teleconference, UNHSC provided for monthly conference calls or as necessary to
keep the project team updated as to the status of the project.
Task 1 deliverables included:
• Kickoff teleconference with proj ect proj ects
• Monthly Conference Calls or as necessary
Task 2. Modification of QAPP
For this Task, UNHSC modified the original Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) EPA had
developed for the Project to reflect and outline the state-of -the-art monitoring approach. The QAPP is
provided as a separate attachment to this Final Report. QAPP modification required submittal to the
Contracting Officer Representative (COR) for the project who coordinate with UNHSC and ultimately
was approved by the EPA Region 1 Quality Assurance Unit (QAU), Office of Environmental
Measurement and Evaluation (OEME). No data or results were collected prior to the QAPPs approval
in June of 2020.
Task 2 deliverables included:
• A new approved QAPP for UV-Vis in-situ monitoring was developed and submitted named
"2020 06 22 - EPA Chatham UV-Vis QAPP - FINAL.pdf'
• Approved QAPP is included as an appendix.
Task 3. Rehabilitation Maintenance and Assessment of Barnstable (Hyannis) BMP
Task 3 entailed rehabilitation maintenance of the Hyannis BMP aerobic zone (Task 3A) and
investigations of changing water elevations due either to rising sea levels or potential groundwater
infiltration into the BMP (Task 3B), assessment of the BMP for climate resilience (Task 3C) and a
performance monitoring update for the program (Task 3D).
Task 3 deliverables included:
• Monitoring, analysis, and findings are reported in the Final Report for Tasks 3-5
• Final Report for Tasks 3-5 is included as the primary deliverable.
Task 3A. Rehabilitation Maintenance of BMP Aerobic Zone
The Hyannis BMP is under-performing hydraulically due to clogging and excessive vegetative growth
of one or more dominant plant species (e.g., Typha, phragmites) in the upper / aerobic zone. This zone
requires rehabilitation maintenance to remove the vegetation and modify the zone with appropriate soil
and a drought-tolerant low-maintenance grass (similar if not identical to the grass used for the Chatham
BMP).
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
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Final Report for Cape Cod N BMP
Page|3
Task 3B. Investigation of Effect of Hydraulic Gradient (Groundwater)
The BMP is likely exhibiting short-circuit infiltration of groundwater, most likely occurring (a)
because of groundwater elevations in exceedance of the BMP liners and/or (b) at the 'interface' of
the liners with the inlet and outlet structures. For this Subtask, UNHSC investigated whether and to
what extent changing water elevations (e.g., tidal, groundwater) may be affecting BMP performance.
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 3C. Investigation of Effect of MS4 Baseflow
The presence of base flow in the municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) has made application
of the SGW technology more complex. For this task, UNHSC assessed and estimated the effects of
the MS4 baseflow on BMP operation and performance and recommend operational and/or
management approaches for the baseflow.
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 3D. Climate Resilience
New England and the lower Cape have experienced some very large storm events. UNHSC reviewed
the As-Builts and Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Plans (which already contemplates
management approaches for larger storms) and developed a best approach for operating the BMP
during large storm events.
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 3E. Performance Monitoring Program Update
Once Subtasks 3A thru 3D were completed, UNHSC modified the monitoring program for the
Hyannis BMP.
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 4. Performance Monitoring Program Update: Chatham
The original work scope for construction of the BMPs incorporated provisions for monitoring of the
BMPs under an assumption that performance data would be useful to EPA and its stakeholders, and for
providing data for improving EPA's BMP Performance Curves. Accordingly, EPA provisioned each
BMP with inlet and outlet monitoring structures and related flow and water quality monitoring
equipment.
For this Task and in general conformance with the updated and approved QAPP UNHSC assumed
primary responsibility for performance assessment monitoring using realtime optical UV sensors.
Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 4 deliverables included:
• Monitoring, analysis, and findings were reported in the Final Report for Tasks 3-5
• Results are included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
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Final Report for Cape Cod N BMP
Page|4
Task 5. Technical Support Document
An underlying assumption for EPA's role in a project to demonstrate and showcase innovative
stormwater controls for nitrogen is the transfer of 'lessons learned' to document and facilitate practitioner
understanding and appreciation for the controls. To this end UNHSC developed a Technical Support
Document (TSD) to summarize the salient aspects of the Project for technical transfer, including BMP
design, construction and performance with an emphasis on those elements that should be essential to the
transfer of the technology to other practitioners. The TSD has been formatted to existing TSDs that have
already been developed for EPA's webpages.
The TSD is included in the final report for tasks 3-5.
Task 5 deliverables included:
• TSD included in the Final Report for Tasks 3-5
IV. Deliverables
Deliverables are included in this final report and its associated appendices
IV. OPTION PERIODS
Because monitoring of the Chatham and Hyannis best management practices will require time to
establish a baseline of performance data, the project schedule is based on completing the specified work
by one year from task order issuance (the base year) with four (4) additional one-year option periods
(OP) for continuance of monitoring activities. UNHSC is prepared and ready to continue additional
option periods at the discretion of EPA Region 1 guidance.
Option Period 1 thru 4
UNHSC provided a reasonable budget estimate for continuation of monitoring activities for the Chatham
BMP over the course of four (4) OPs, each one year in duration. For this effort, UNHSC assumed for
the provision for a minimum of seven (7) qualifying storm events over the course of a given OP. UNHSC
has also provided a fixed cost line item potential modifications for the Hyannis BMP in the event work
can continue.
The budget estimate of for continued monitoring for the Chatham BMP is included as an appendix.
The budget estimate for repairs of the Hyannis BMP is included in appendix F.
-------
Appendix: Approved QAPP
-------
-------
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP)
for
Performance Assessment Monitoring of Green Infrastructure Stormwater
Best Management Practice Retrofit Constructed on Cape Cod for the Control
and Treatment of Nitrogen Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy
Prepared by:
UNH Stormwater Center
35 Colovos Drive
Durham, NH 03824
68HE0119P0031
Date: January 28, 2020
Project Co-Manager:
UNH Stormwater Center (Dr. Thomas P. Ballestero) (Date)
Project Co-Manager:
UNH Stormwater Center (Dr. James Houle) (Date)
Quality Assurance Officer:
UNH Stormwater Center (Daniel Macadam) (Date)
Lead PI and COR:
EPA Region 1 (Ray Cody) (Date)
Quality Assurance Officer:
EPA Region I
(Bryan Hogan)
(Date)
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2.0 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND DOCUMENT FORMAT
I.0 TITLE AND APPROVAL PAGE
2.0 Table of Contents and Document Format 2
2.1 Document Control Format 4
2.2 Document Control Numbering System 4
3.0 Distribution List 4
4.0 Project Organization 5
4.1 Project Responsibilities and Communication Pathways 5
4.2 Modification to Approved QAPP 6
4.3 Personnel Qualifications and Experience 6
4.4 Training Requirements/Certification 7
5.0 Problem Definition & Background 7
5.1 Introduction 7
5.2 Background and Objective 8
6.0 Project / Task Description and Schedule 8
6.1 Task Description 8
6.2 Project Schedule 11
6.3 Summary of Analysis Tasks 11
7.0 Data Quality Objectives for Measurement Data 12
7.1 Project Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) 12
7.2 Experimental Design and Rationale for Design 13
7.3 Field Sampling Rationale 13
7.4 Rationales for Parameters Measured and Samples Taken 13
8.0 Monitoring Method Procedure Requirements 14
8.1 Sampling Procedure 14
8.2 Monitoring SOP Modifications 15
8.3 Cleaning and Decontamination of Equipment / Sample Containers 15
8.4 Field Equipment Calibration 15
8.5 Field Equipment Maintenance, Testing, and Inspection Requirements 16
9.0 Sample Handling and Custody 16
9.1 Sample Collection Documentation 16
9.2 Field Notes 16
10.0 Quality Control 17
II.0 Data Acquisition Requirements 17
12,0 Documentation, Records, and Data Management 17
12.1 Proj ect Documentation and Records 17
12.2 Field Analysis Data Package Deliverables 18
12.3 Data Handling and Management 18
13.0 Assessments and Response Actions 18
14.0 Management Reports 19
2
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15.0 Verification and Validation Requirements 19
16.0 Verification and Validation Methods 19
17.0 Data Usability / Reconciliation With Project Quality Objectives 19
18.0 References 20
19.0 Appendices 21
3
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2.1 Document Control Format
The document control format is shown in the upper left-hand comer of each page of this document.
2.2 Document Control Numbering System
A document control numbering system for all copies of this QAPP was not used because this project is of
a small scale. The people who will receive copies of the QAPP are listed in Table 1 in Section 3.0.
3.0 DISTRIBUTION LIST
Table 1 presents a list of people who will receive the approved Quality Assm'ance Project Plan (QAPP). the
QAPP revisions, and any amendments. A project-personnel sign-off sheet is included as the Title and
Approval page in this draft. All people related to the project will indicate they have read the QAPP before
completing any analysis work on this project.
Table 1: QAPP Distribution List
QAPP
Recipient
Name
Project Role
Organization
Contact Information:
Telephone Numbers and
email Addresses
Thomas P.
Ballestero
Project Co-Manager
UNH Stomiwater Center
(603) 826-1405
tom.ballestero@unh.edu
James Houle
Project Co-Manager
UNH Stomiwater Center
(603) 862-1445
james.houle@unh.edu
Daniel
Macadam
Project Quality Assiuance
Officer
UNH Stomiwater Center
(603) 862-4024
daniel.macadam@unh.edu
Ray Cody
Project Manager
EPA Region 1
617)918-1366
cody.ray@epa.gov
Biyan
Hogan
EPA Region I Quality
Assurance Officer
EPA Region 1
(617)918-8634
hogan.biyan@epa. gov
Robert
Reinliait
Chief. EPA Quality
Assiuance Unit
EPA Region 1
(617)918-8633
FOREWORD
This Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) has been prepared for use during the University of New
Hampshire Stomiwater Center (UNHSC) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency Office
of Research and Development's research activities for the project "Performance Assessment Monitoring of
Green Infrastructure Stomiwater Best Management Practice Retrofit Constructed on Cape Cod for the
Control and Treatment of Nitrogen Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy". This QAPP has
been prepared in accordance with EPA Guidance for Quality Assurance Project Plans (EPA. 2002).
4
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4.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
4.1 Project Responsibilities and Communication Pathways
Dr. Thomas P. Ballestero is the UNHSC Director and will act as the Project Co-Manager for the project.
Dr. Ballestero is responsible for coordinating specific details of the project and ensuring that the work
completed by the UNHSC meets the scope and objectives of the project. Dr. Ballestero will coordinate all
aspects of the project including the sampling surveys, data analysis, report preparation, and budget
oversight. He will also work closely with all interested parties to formulate an effective sampling plan and
solicit feedback regarding sampling efforts.
Dr. James Houle is the UNHSC Program Manager and will act as the Project Co-Manager for this project.
Dr. Houle will assist Dr. Ballestero in all responsibilities listed above as well as work closely with the
UNHSC Project Quality Assurance Officer in all data generation, data quality, and data analysis efforts.
Daniel Macadam is the UNHSC Quality Assurance (QA) Officer. His primary responsibility will be to
ensure that data collected throughout this investigation meet the quality objectives set forth in this QAPP.
During the study he will be responsible for conducting analyses according to the procedures in this QA
Project Plan, identifying any non-conformities or analytical problems, and reporting any problems to the
Project Co-manager. At the end of this study, the QA Officer will check, analyze, and compile all QA/QC
records and documentation. The QA Officer will be responsible for a memorandum summarizing any
deviations from the procedures in the QA Project Plan and updating this QA Project Plan as necessary to
reflect any changes. The UNHSC Quality Assurance Officer will also be responsible for summarizing the
results of the QA/QC tests and whether the reported data meet the data quality objectives of the project.
The UNHSC Quality Assurance Officer, in conjunction with the UNHSC Project Co-manager, will also be
responsible for training any UNH staff participating in the assessment, in the applicable sample collection
and water quality monitoring techniques required as outlined in this proposal. Field collections, field
measurements, and data analysis as described in the work plan will be performed by the UNHSC.
The principal users of the data from this project will be the UNHSC and EPA New England. Project results
may also be of interest to co-occurring projects not covered by this QAPP, including the study of water
quality impacts due to the implementation of low-impact development best management practices in highly
urbanized settings.
Figure 1: Organizational Chart outlining the parties involved in this investigation and the
communication pathways.
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UNHSC
PROJECT CO-MANAGERS
Tom Ballestero
(603) 862-1405
James Houle
(603) 862-1445
EPA-QA
UNHSC QA OFFICER/
LAB MANAGER
Daniel Macadam
(603) 862-4024
UNHSC FIELD SAMPLING TEAM
UNHSC Staff
4.2 Modification to Approved QAPP
The QAPP will be reviewed annually. If the sampling design, sample collection procedures, or data
assessment and reporting change significantly, the UNHSC Project Co-manager will consult with QA
Coordinators to submit modifications to EPA New England for approval.
4.3 Personnel Qualifications and Experience
Table 2 displays the personnel credentials of the project team. Responsibilities have been discussed in more
detail above.
Table 2: Personnel Qualifications and Experience
Name and Affiliation
Responsibilities
Qualifications
Dr. Thomas P. Ballestero. PE
UNH Stormwater Center
Project Co-Manager/
UNHSC
Director
UNH Stormwater Center
Dr. James Houle
UNH Stormwater Center
Project Co-Manager/
UNHSC
Program Manager
UNH Stormwater Center
Daniel Macadam. EFT
UNH Stormwater Center
UNHSC QA Officer
Site Facility Manager
Research Engineer
UNH Stormwater Center
UNHSC Student Technicians
Lab and Field
Support
Trained by Project Co-manager and
Facility Manager
(Based on Worksheet #7 (EPA. 2012))
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4.4 Training Requirements/Certification
Table 3 displays the project activities that require some level of training and the location where the training
records will be compiled. UNHSC field team members are well trained in stormwater sampling, sample
analysis, instrument deployment, data collection, and record-keeping.
Table 3: Special Personnel Training Requirements Table
Project Function
Description of
Training
Training
Provided by
Training
Provided to
Location of
Training Records
Stormwater Control
Data Collection
Measuring influent
& effluent flows
James Houle
& Daniel
Macadam
UNHSC Field
Team Members
UNHSC
Laboratory
(Based on Worksheet #8 (EPA. 2012))
5.0 PROBLEM DEFINITION & BACKGROUND
This section documents the project planning, identifies the environmental problem, defines the
environmental questions that need to be answered, and provides background information.
5.1 Introduction
EPA has retrofitted existing stormwater discharges in The Towns of Barnstable and Chatham, MA, by
constructing innovative green infrastructure (GI) subsurface gravel wetland BMP retrofits as a
demonstration for control of nitrogen pollution in stormwater discharges. EPA is coordinating with the
Towns of Barnstable and Chatham to conduct monitoring of the BMPs to assess their overall performance
for treating nitrogen. The work conducted as part of this project may have broad applicability throughout
New England.
A project for design and construction of a stormwater BMP to control and treat nitrogen aligns with EPA
priorities. These include selecting sites that are consistent with TMDLs and the Section 208 Water Quality
Plan Update, promoting the appropriate application of GI. using technologies that improve stormwater
infiltration, lead to reductions in runoff volume and peak volume discharge, improving water quality, and
potentially reducing combined sewer overflow (CSO) events (if locations are in a CSO area). Other
important objectives include engaging local departments of public works personnel in GI installation
techniques, operation and maintenance practices, and for assistance in monitoring the physical and water
quality parameters that help determine BMP performance.
This plan describes the field and QA program for assessing the overall performance of the BMPs for ti eatmg
nitrogen, including the objectives, responsibilities, and the field and laboratory tasks for this phase of the
Project.
This project will focus on the use of technologies and methods from previous freshwater and marine
applications of UV-Vis spectrophotometry sensors to monitor stormwater pollutant concentrations.
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5.2 Background and Objective
The specific objective of this GI implementation demonstration and education and outreach project was to
design and construct two GI stormwater BMP retrofits for the control and treatment of nitrogen on Cape
Cod, Massachusetts. An additional objective is to assess and determine the performance of the BMPs, in
part to help develop and/or refine performance curves for the BMPs.
Construction of the BMPs occurred in spring, summer, and fall of 2015. The retrofits have been provisioned
for monitoring the BMP inflow and outflow. Discharge of stormwater to the BMPs did not begin until early
spring of 2016, in part to allow BMP plantings to establish. Moreover, once discharge to the BMPs occurs,
additional time is required to establish a robust anaerobic microbe population within the BMP.
Consequently, BMP monitoring is expected to occur in the fall of 2016 at the earliest.
The goal is to monitor the BMPs for approximately 8 or more rain events of various intensities and depths
over the course of a sampling season. Core monitoring for performance sampling will consist of flow and
in-situ, real-time UV-Vis monitoring for regression outputs of nitrate (NO3-N), total nitrogen (TN), total
phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS).
6.0 PROJECT / TASK DESCRIPTION AND SCHEDULE
6.1 Task Description
The contractor shall achieve two (2) primary goals:
1) The successful demonstration ofthe site's real-time pollutographs using the UV-Vis sensor and
previously developed UNHSC prediction models.
2) Evaluation of the employed monitoring methodology for stormwater controls for regional and
national applicability.
The contractor shall complete the following tasks:
Task 1 - Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) / Work plan:
Develop QAPP and work plan documenting all tasks ofthe project in detail. The QAPP and work plan must
be submitted and approved by EPA prior to the start of sampling activities. Documentation shall also
include methods for sampling and analytical work with a projected schedule of activities. Selected sampling
sites shall be identified in the work plan both in the description and geographic location for EPA review of
land use composition.
Task 2 - Site Monitoring:
Sampling of selected sites shall be conducted through the collection of real-time (in-situ) monitoring via
instrumentation. Monitoring shall be conducted so as to create a sample database containing a minimum of
8 storm events (runoff), preferably spread across spring, summer and fall seasons. Monitoring shall include
the following sub-tasks:
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Task 2a: Real-Time UV-Vis sensor monitoring of stormwater runoff. Provide raw real-time UV
absorbance and processed spectral data (absorbance from 220.0 nm to 720 nm at 2.5 nm intervals).
The UV-Vis sensor shall be procured (see Task 5) and sensor specifications and model will require
EPA approval. The selected sensor package shall include all software and accessories required for
operation. It will be capable of the following measurements: N03-N, TN, TP, TSS, as well as raw
UV absorbance data. The sensor system shall be programmed to collect recorded measurements at
five (5) minute intervals (maximum) during storm events.
Task 2b: Stormwater flow will be measured using Teledyne ISCO Signature® Flowmeters (or
equivalent) in combination with Thel-mar volumetric weirs (or equivalents), installed TRACOM
Large 60° V Trapezoidal Flumes, and/or HOBO U20L water level loggers as appropriate.
Task 2c: Rainfall depth shall be monitored throughout the study period using rain gauges (e.g.
ISCO 674 rain gauge or equivalent). Rain gauges shall be provided by the contractor. As a backup,
the Chatham Municipal Airport records precipitation and barometric pressure; the airport is located
1.28 miles from the site.
Task 3 - Data processing and analysis:
Task 3: N03-N, TN, TP, and TSS, and continuous data for storm events shall be generated using
globally-calibrated regressions available from the in-situ spectrometer manufacturer and UNHSC
calibration.
Task 4 - Reporting:
Distribution of all reporting products shall be communicated to EPA via the COR.
Task 4a: Interim Progress Reporting:
Interim reporting shall include the following: (1) data report indicating accomplishments in-detail),
discussion, and data reporting to date including applicable QA samples as available. (2)
Presentation to workgroup (at Region 1 office - or pre-arranged meeting location) including
accomplishments to date. These reporting products will occur on a schedule every 6 months.
Task 4b: Final Reporting & Data Delivery:
Two versions of a final report shall be provided at the conclusion of the period of performance
(EPA Grey/Internal report and manuscript).
1) A draft of the grey final report shall be submitted (12) weeks prior to the contract period of
performance conclusion date for review by EPA. The grey report shall consist of the following;
Overview, details of system / monitoring design and analysis/results (with applicable QA
control reporting), problems encountered, detailed financials / full accounting (including all
expenditures throughout the period of performance). This grey report shall be submitted in
Microsoft Office format(s) (i.e. Word, Excel, etc.). All data, field notes, lab notes, analytic
reports in both raw and summarized formats shall be submitted as part of the grey report
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package as Appendices (ORD is now required to compile raw and analyzed data for reporting
as part of its Scientific Data Management Policy - as mandated by Open Government
Initiative). The grey final report shall be submitted (3) weeks after receipt of EPA comments
on the grey draft report (report comments will be returned in written format and may also
require conference call with the contractor - as needed).
2) Draft manuscript, ready for peer review for a journal publication (Journal to be selected at a
later date - TBD) 12 weeks prior to the conclusion of the contract period of performance with
the final peer review ready copy due within (3) weeks post receipt of EPA comments on draft
copy.
Task 5 - Equipment Purchases and Management:
Task 5a: Purchase of UV-VIS spectrophotometry instrumentation. The contractor shall purchase
two (2) UV-VIS instrument packages with the following specifications:
• Measurement parameters: TSS, Turbidity, N03-N, COD, BOD, TOC, DOC, UV254,
N02-N, fingerprinting, temperature
• Spectral range: 220-720 nm with variable optical path length options (0.5 mm - 15mm)
• Adjustable open path length
• Designed to operate in surface water, groundwater, drinking water and or wastewater
• Stable readings in long term
• Automatic lens cleaning
• Flow cell capable
• Width < 2 inches
• Must be able to provide raw spectral data
• Flow velocity 3 m/s (maximum)
• Accuracies: N03-N ± 2%, COD-KHP ± 2%
The contractor shall seek EPA review and approval of UV-Vis instrument procurement. The
contractor shall be responsible for the calibration and maintenance of UV-Vis instrument packages
and shall provide calibration and documentation notes regarding calibrations, maintenance, and
quality control checks.
Task 5b: The contractor shall be responsible for the operation, maintenance, and documentation of
all EPA equipment made available for use under this contract. The contractor shall document and
provide for review by EPA all: calibration records, maintenance records, and any other documentable
incidents relative to the equipment made available for use under this contract. The contractor shall
notify EPA of any instrumentation problems (via regularly scheduled reports) and any incidents
involving loss, theft, or damage (in writing) immediately. In the event of loss, theft, or damage
(including vandalism) the contractor shall provide EPA with a documented record of the event(s) in
writing.
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6.2 Project Schedule
Delivery dates are based on a one (1) year Period of Performance, more years of monitoring can be added
as necessary as an extension of the contract. It is the contractor's responsibility to notify the COR of any
scheduling changes/conflicts, technical difficulties, or any other project condition which may affect the
delivery dates of products within five (5) business days of realization of change in working condition or
project stanis. Table 4 summarizes the tasks listed above and includes the projected schedule to complete
them.
Table 4: Anticipated Project Schedule.
Task
Anticipated Dates of
Initiation and Completion
Responsible Persons / Group
Products
QAPP Development
March 1.2020
UNHSC Project Manager
and UNHSC QA Officer
Draft QAPP
QAPP Revisions and Approval
Within one week of EPA
comments
UNHSC and EPA QA
Officers
QAPP
1st 6-month progress report
(written / teleconference or on-
site)
March 30. 2020
UNHSC Project Manager
and UNHSC QA Officer
Progress Report
Monitoring
July 1. 2020 - October 9. 2020
UNHSC Project Manager
and UNHSC QA Officer
Calibration. Cleaning, and
Downloading data
Quarterly or as needed
UNHSC QA Officer
Annual Report
October 15. 2020
UNHSC Project Manager
and UNHSC QA Officer
Year 1 Annual
Report
Periodic meetings/conference
calls
As needed: technical workgroup
requests through the EPA
UNHSC and EPA QA
Officers
(Based on Worksheet #16 (EPA. 2012))
** Products will be delivered hi both electronic and hardcopy formats with the exception of raw data which
can be provided in electronic foimat only.
** Progress reports should be brief and contain budget detail. A presentation to the technical group may
accompany this product.
6.3 Summary of Analysis Tasks
Table 5 presents a breakdown of who will be responsible for sample analysis and fieldwork.
Table 5: Analytical services table
Real-time Parameters
UV Absorbance. processed Spectral
data to water quality parameters
s::can spectro::lyser. detector UV-Vis 220-720mm, 5mm
QUARTZ window
UNHSC QA Officer
Flow
ISCO Signature® Flowmeter with Parshall flume
UNHSC QA Officer
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Precipitation
ISCO 674 Rain Gauge or equivalent
UNHSC QA Officer
7.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES FOR MEASUREMENT DATA
7.1 Project Data Quality Objectives (DQOs)
The data quality objective is to produce precise and accurate data, which is representative of true field
conditions. These DQOs were developed for Performance Assessment Monitoring of Green Infrastructure
Stormwater Best Management Practice Retrofit Constructed on Cape Cod for the Control and Treatment
of Nitrogen Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy. And are based on statistical confidence and
numeric thresholds generated through previous EPA funded efforts (UNHSC, 2019). The QA Officer
reviews all data for conformance with expected parameters. The criteria for performance measures are
described below.
Precision
The UV-Vis instrument will be tested and calibrated quarterly or sooner. Known concentrations of analytes,
as well as pure water obtained through reverse osmosis (RO), will be measured under field conditions before
cleaning and calibration. For data to be precise and credible, measurements should return at or below the
desired relative percent difference (RPD).
Precision goals vary according to specific pollutants but should remain within a threshold of 20% RPD.
The RPD will be calculated as follows:
RPD =
¦x2\
*1 ~x2
2
x 100%
Where the numerator is the absolute value of the difference between duplicates, and the denominator is the
average value.
Representativeness
Representativeness is a measure of the degree to which data accurately and precisely represent a
characteristic of a population at a sampling point or for a process condition or environmental condition.
Representativeness is achieved through the consistent use of documented procedures for field monitoring.
Comparability
The UNHSC assessment methodology is based on those developed in a previous study titled Utilizing In-
Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stormwater
Runoff (UNHSC, 2019). The final report released in 2019 details the assessment and analysis of the UV-
Vis in-situ data to conventional auto-sampler water samples analyzed using standard laboratory methods.
Completeness
Completeness is a measure of the amount of valid data obtained from a measurement system, expressed as
a percentage of the number of valid measurements expected to be obtained under normal conditions. For
analytical methods, completeness is based on the number of valid results generated over a specific period
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compared to the number of results expected. This project takes measurements at an interval of five (5)
minutes. Completeness of the real-time data is judged by the data covering a minimum of 75% of the storm
event.
7.2 Experimental Design and Rationale for Design
The primary research objectives are to characterize the control performance using global calibration
equations and UNHSC calibrations for N03-N. TN. TP. and TSS using data reported by the UV-Vis
spectrometer probe. Monitoring locations will be selected based on the previous control instrumentation
and desire to observe control performance and loading data. UV-Vis data will be evaluated for completeness
after each storm event or several events as judged by the QA Officer.
7.3 Field Sampling Rationale
The performance evaluation shall be based on data from a minimum of 8 storm events. Storm event criteria
have been adopted from, and are in compliance with, the NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance
Document (EPA. 1992) and dictate the following:
• The depth of the storm must be greater than 0.1-inch accumulation.
• The storm must be preceded by at least 72 hours of dry weather.
• If possible, the total precipitation and duration should be within 50 percent of the average or median
storm event for the area.
Precipitation and flow measurement records are maintained for all events that occur during the study period.
If an event fails to meet the criteria for a qualified sampling event, the samples collected will not be
analyzed. Only data from qualified sampling events shall be used in the calculation of pollutant loads and
pollutant removal efficiencies.
Additionally, for an event to be considered a qualified sampling event, the following conditions will also
be met:
• Flow shall be successfully measiued and recorded over the duration of the runoff period.
7.4 Rationales for Parameters Measured and Samples Taken
Table 6 summarizes the various rationales for including the different measurements.
Table 6: Sampling Parameters and Rationale
Sampling Parameters
Rationale
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
TSS reflects the amount of undissolved solids that
persist in the water column. TSS is a general water
quality parameter and will provide a good overall
indication of stonnwater pollution.
Total Nitrogen (TN)
Total Nitrogen is the sum of inorganic nitrogen
(NIB. N03, N02) and TKN (total Kjeldahl
nitrogen).
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Nitrate (N03)
Nitrate (NO3) is one species of Dissolved Inorganic
Nitrogen (DIN). DIN is the limiting nutrient in
coastal water. DIN is the sum of nitrate, nitrite, and
ammonia and can be used to determine a saltwater
body's trophic state. In a previous study using UV-
Vis (UNHSC, 2019), nitrite and ammonia were rarely
measured at a level above the detection limit in
stormwater runoff.
Total Phosphorus (TP)
TP is the limiting nutrient in freshwater systems.
Total phosphorus is the sum of phosphorus in all its
forms and can be used to determine a freshwater
body's trophic state.
Precipitation
Precipitation will influence the amount of overland
runoff and groundwater recharge and can be
correlated to nutrient and sediment loading episodes.
8.0 MONITORING METHOD PROCEDURE REQUIREMENTS
8.1 Sampling Procedure
All monitoring units are weatherproof or sheltered to maintain manufacture operation specifications. All
instruments are secured with locks to maintain instruments and data integrity.
Monitoring Locations
The two (2) monitoring locations at the BMP will be at the influent and effluent locations. The flow and in-
situ real-time UV-Vis will be monitored at both influent and effluent locations. The UNHSC staff will
install the instrumentation in locations with the highest chance of remaining submerged during an event,
the wiping blade may move unconstructively, and flow backup and fowling are judged to be unlikely. The
installation locations must also be easily accessible and safe for access to be removed, tested, and calibrated
by staff. Possible locations for the UV-Vis instrument include in the pipes connecting structures near the
flume or in the inlet and/or outlet pipes.
Data Evaluation
Data analyses include a range of approaches. Analyses include:
• Characterization of storm events
• UV-Vis spectral data and flow
• Pollutant loading graphs based on global calibration equations and UNHSC regressions
Real-time recording with the UV-Vis spectrometer at 5-min intervals will characterize the absorbance of
visible ultra-violet wavelengths over the duration of the storm event. Through the use of the global
calibration equations provided by the manufacturer, the changes in concentrations of N03-N, TN, TP, and
TSS can be observed over the course of the event. The UNHSC regression models will also be used as with
the Partial Least Squares (PLS) models for the mentioned parameters as published through previous EPA
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funded effoits (UNHSC, 2019). The PLS regression models were developed with statistical analysis of
ultraviolet visual absorbance from multiple spectra from the UV-Vis probe and concurrent runoff grab
samples analyzed using current laboratory methods. See UNHSC, 2019 for more details.
8.2 Monitoring SOP Modifications
It is not expected that any modification of monitoring will occur. However, collective action in the field
may be needed if the strategy needs to be modified (i.e., monitoring additional locations other than those
specified in the QAPP. not enough water sample to meet original requirements, etc.), or when sampling
procedures and/or field analytical procedures require modification, due to equipment failure or unexpected
conditions. In general, the field team may identify the need for corrective action on-site. The field staff,
in consultation with the UNHSC Project Manager, will evaluate and suggest corrective action. The field
team will implement collective action. Any modifications/corrective actions will be noted oil the field data
forms. The UNHSC QA Officer will be notified as soon as possible and will provide the field team with
any additional actions required to maintain quality assurance and control with respect to corrective actions.
It will be the responsibility of the UNHSC Project Manager to ensure the collective action has been
implemented correctly and reported to the EPA New England QA Officer. If any of the aforementioned
QA Officers have additional actions recommended to maintain quality assurance and control they will be
implemented retroactively, if possible, and for any sampling events after the event that triggered the
collective action.
8.3 Cleaning and Decontamination of Equipment / Sample Containers
Prior to use. all instrumentation and tools will be vigorously cleaned with a phosphorus-free detergent (i.e..
Alconox) and rinsed generously with distilled water. The UV-Vis has a wiper blade to prevent growth or
debris buildup inside the measurement channel, but the instrument may be removed and thoroughly cleaned
as described at the discretion of the QA Officer to prevent fouling of the instrument and subsequent data.
Cleaning and calibration will be performed as described in the s: :can spectro::lyser V3 Owners' Manual.
8.4 Field Equipment Calibration
Field equipment will be calibrated hi accordance with the manufacturer calibration directions as listed
below and as summarized in Table 7:
Table 7: Field Equipment Calibration Table
Equipment
Name
Procedure and SOP
Reference
Frequency of
Calibration
Acceptance
criteria
Correction action
Person
Responsible
ISCO Signature®
Flowmeter
Manufacturers
recommendations
Quarterly or at
each site visit
±0.005 ft
Clear bubbler line
with compressed
air. Recalibrate. If
problem persists
change filter and
desiccant.
UNHSC QA
Officer
s::can
spectro: :lyser
Manufacturers
recommendations
Quarterly or at
each site visit
±20% RPD
Clean instrument
per manufacturer
UNHSC QA
Officer
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instructions and re-
calibrate.
8.5 Field Equipment Maintenance, Testing, and Inspection Requirements
Field equipment will be maintained, tested, and inspected in accordance with the manufacturer directions
as listed and summarized in Table 8. Procedures other than those specifically described in the QAPP for
field monitoring and sample collection are outlined in the manufacturers' operation and maintenance
manuals (ISCO and s::can). These include procedures for field instrument calibration, field equipment
cleaning, operation and maintenance.
Table 8: Equipment maintenance schedule and instrument calibration schedule
Equipment Name
Operation
Frequency
ISCO 6712
s::can spectro::lyser
Check/calibrate water levels
Bi-weekly
Desiccant Air Filter replacement
Replace as needed
Instrument Inspection (look for kinks in line, clogs, etc)
Replace if damaged
ISCO Signature®
Flowmeter
Inspect pump tube, replace if worn
When necessary
Check humidity indicator
When necessary
Check controller's internal batteiy status and replace
Eveiy 5 years
(Based on Worksheet #19 (EPA, 2012))
9.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND CUSTODY
9.1 Sample Collection Documentation
A combination of field logbooks, field data sheets, and a consistent labeling protocol will help ensure
sample authenticity, data integrity, and project completion goals.
9.2 Field Notes
The sampling team will complete field data logbooks and forms on-site at the time when measurements are
made and the team is on site. Field logbooks will provide the means of recording the data collecting
activities performed during the investigation. As such, entries will be described in as much detail as
possible so that persons going to the site could reconstruct a particular situation without reliance on
memory.
The logbooks will contain some, but not all. of the following information as is pertinent to each site visit:
• Date / Time Arrived and Time Left
• Sampling Site ID (w/ Location and Coordinates)
• Full Names of Field Team Members
• Additional Persons Present
• Weather Conditions Throughout Visit
• General Observations
• Transportation Details
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• Equipment Employed and Calibrations
• Measurements Made
• Photos Taken
10.0 QUALITY CONTROL
Additional field QA/QC measurements will be provided to ensure the accuracy and precision of analytical
results. For conventional parameters such as nutrients, a synthetic blind reference standard is prepared from
known reagent grade standard solutions for measurement by the UV-Vis instrument during calibration and
cleaning. These measurements will be taken before and after cleaning and calibration to observe and avoid
future drift in the measurements. Known concentrations of analytes listed in Table 6, as well as pure water
obtained through reverse osmosis (RO), will be measured under field conditions before cleaning and
calibration as appropriate. These measurements will occur at the frequency listed in Table 4.
11.0 DATA ACQUISITION REQUIREMENTS
There are no non-direct measurements incorporated into this study.
12.0 DOCUMENTATION, RECORDS, AND DATA MANAGEMENT
12.1 Project Documentation and Records
UNH researchers keep daily field notes depicting the conditions at the field location where each sample is
taken and other relevant information including, but not limited to the following:
• Date of event
• Time and duration of the storm event
• Size of the storm event
• Inches of rain and intensity
• Number of days since preceding storm event
• Total volume of runoff
• Condition of the drainage area prior to and during the event
• Chemicals, materials, equipment, or vehicles stored or handled in the drainage area
• Good housekeeping measures implemented prior to the event
• Upset, spills, or leaks in the drainage area, including the material or chemical
• Construction or maintenance activities in the drainage area
Hard copies and electronic copies of field notes and sample events are kept on file at UNH. Backups of
electronic copies of our database and sampling event records are made weekly stored in two separate
locations, backed up using cloud computing services, and backed up monthly on external hard drives.
Laboratory data packages are delivered electronically and in hard copy to the UNH project manager. The
data are reviewed by the QC manager, then filed and saved for at least five years after project completion
and transferred to EPA.
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12.2 Field Analysis Data Package Deliverables
Field analytical measurements will be generated on-site. Measurements will be recorded on field data
sheets or in the case of multi-parameter Sonde data, digitally onto the computer data logger and these data
will be transferred to an electronic spreadsheet (MS Excel) that is a part of the project-specific electronic
database system. Entries into the spreadsheet will be compared against the field sheets by a second person
as a quality check before it is appended to the project database. UNHSC QA officer will be responsible for
cross-referencing data and ensuring accuracy.
12.3 Data Handling and Management
All data recorded for each sample is downloaded from the data logger quarterly or sooner. The project
manager enters all data into Excel Spreadsheets (or equivalent) where all relevant graphs and calculations
are made for each treatment unit per storm event. All results are checked for quality control prior to data
analysis and/or reporting. A copy of the original records are archived at the UNHSC site by the QA Officer
and backup copies of all electronic files are made weekly and stored on a cloud server (Box) in separate
locations.
All rainfall data is downloaded from the data logger quarterly or sooner. Rainfall hyetographs are
developed for each rain event. The hyetographs show rainfall amounts for the minimum increment of time
(5 minutes) recorded by the gauge and a cumulative rainfall curve.
All flow data is downloaded from the data logger quarterly or sooner. A runoff hydrograph is developed
showing flow rates during the monitoring period. Hydrographs show the start and end times for the rainfall
event. In addition, the real-time water quality parameters are plotted under the storm event hydrograph.
Databases are maintained on the dedicated site computer by the UNHSC QA Officer. Retrieval of data can
be accomplished by opening files on this computer and either printing hard copies, or by sending electronic
files via e-mail. Copies of standard operating procedures (SOP's). instrument manuals, and other protocols
are maintained digitally on said computer and/or in 3-ring binders located at the UNHSC. SOP's are
reviewed annually or more frequently as changes are required. Multiple database backup procedures are
initiated weekly and stored in two distinct locations in addition to storage in an external hard drive.
Hardcopies of all reports are retained by UNHSC.
13.0 ASSESSMENTS AND RESPONSE ACTIONS
The QA Officer is responsible for evaluating the field assessment, stormwater run-off sampling, and water
quality analysis throughout the project. Specifically, this includes during the initial training of field and
monitoring protocols for the project. QA Officer is responsible for observing procedures to determine
proper sampling and analysis is undertaken. Unanticipated problems with the procedures are addressed to
avoid difficulties during subsequent sampling efforts.
EPA may implement, at their discretion, various audits or reviews of this project to assess conformance and
compliance with the quality assurance project plan.
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14.0 MANAGEMENT REPORTS
Biannual progress reports, as well as a final report, will be prepared by the UNHSC and submitted to EPA
Contracts Officer Representative for distribution and review.
15.0 VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION REQUIREMENTS
A review of all data generated by this project is conducted by the UNHSC Project Manager. The
completeness, transcription errors, and compliance with procedures are evaluated by comparison of
tabulated results to what has been proposed in the original project proposal and this QAPP. The specific
activities include the generation of data namely, flow measurements, precipitation amount, storm event
duration, and water quality analytes. After each storm data download, hyetographs and hydrographs are
reviewed to verify that specific storm and monitoring criteria have been met. Omissions of data in
spreadsheets will trigger a search of raw datasheets, equipment maintenance, or re-sampling and re-
analysis. If re-analysis is not possible or if data remain missing, invalid or otherwise affected entries will
not be incorporated into the useable data sets. When results appear to be abnormal, all appropriate project
participants will review the available data and discuss the problem in periodic meetings to attempt to
identify potential problems in sampling or analysis.
16.0 VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION METHODS
The process by which data is verified involves one or more of the following:
1. The project QA officer will verify proper sample preservation and handling for completeness and
consistency.
2. At the end of each field session, the QA officer will evaluate whether the data quality objectives of
this plan are being met.
3. If discrepancies cannot be resolved, appropriate measures will be taken. These measures could
include but are not limited to:
a. Rejection and exclusion of data from reports with an explanation.
17.0 DATA USABILITY / RECONCILIATION WITH PROJECT
QUALITY OBJECTIVES
Data is generated based on the quality objectives defined in this plan and verified according to Section 16.
Limitations in the data will be clearly defined for potential end-users in all reports produced.
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18.0 REFERENCES
EPA. (1992). NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance Document, EPA 833-B-92-001. Washington, DC:
United States Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA. (2002). Guidance for Quality Assurance Project Plans, EPA QAG-5. Washington, DC: United States
Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA. (2006). Guidance for the Data Quality Objectives Process, EPA QA-G4. Washington, DC: United
States Environmental Protection Agency.
EPA. (2012). Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans. Washington, DC: United States
Environmental Protection Agency.
UNHSC. (2019). Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment
Concentrations in Stormwater Runoff. Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire Stormwater
Center.
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19.0 APPENDICES
19.1 Field Protocols for Installation and Operation of Flow Monitoring Equipment
Reference: 730 Bubbler Flow Module Installation and Operation Guide
Sample requirement: Collected instream connected to Thelmar Weir or fastened to base of pipe. The meter
(Teledyne Isco Model 730 Bubbler Module) is linked to a Teledyne ISCO 6700 series data logger.
C.l Installation
For pipes up to 15" (38.1 cm) in diameter, stainless steel self-expanding mounting rings (Spring
Rings) are used. For pipes larger than 15" in diameter, Scissors Rings (Universal Mounting
Rings) are used for probe installation.
C. 1.1 Spring Rings: To install a spring ring, you compress the ring, slip it inside the pipe, and then allow it
to spring out to contact the inside diameter of the pipe. The inherent outward spring force of the ring firmly
secures it in place. A typical self-expanding mounting ring (with a probe mounted on it) is shown in Figure
C-l.
Figure C-l: Spring ring installation
C.l.2 Scissor Rings: For pipes larger than 15" in diameter, Scissors Rings (also known as the Universal
Mounting Rings) are used. This device consists of two or more metal strips that lock together with tabs to
form a single assembly. There is a base section where the sensors are mounted, one or more extension
sections (usually), and a scissors section at the top that expands the entire assembly and tightens it inside
the pipe. The scissors mechanism includes a long screw that increases the width as it is tightened. The
assembled rings fit pipe diameters from 16" to 80". Secure the unit in place by tightening the scissors
mechanism with a 5/8" socket wrench or other suitable tool. Ring sections are .040" thick half-hard 301
stainless steel sheet see figure C-2 for a typical scissor ring installation.
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Figure C-2: typical scissor ring installation.
Base Section
Tightening the scissors assembly expands the ring to
press firmly against the pipe wall, securing the ring.
C.1.3 Installation Finalization
First attach the bubble line to the bubbler carrier assembly (Figure C-3). Then fit the carrier onto the
mounting tables of the ring, making sure the tabs completely engage the slots in the carrier. This method of
attaching the bubble line to the ring allows for easy removal in case service is needed later. Route the vinyl
bubble line away from the carrier and along the spring ring's edge with holes. Secure the line in position
by placing plastic ties through the holes and then locking them around the line. To prevent debris from
collecting, attach the line so that it offers as little resistance to the flow as possible. Avoid loops or slack
sections. Attach it neatly and closely to the spring ring.
Figure C-3: Bubble Line Carrier
Bubbta Line Carrier
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C.2 Operation and Maintenance
The 730 Bubbler Flow Module have no user-serviceable parts. They are completely sealed to protect the
internal components. The module will provide reliable readings over a long service life with a minimum of
maintenance. Maintaining the module requires regular cleaning and keeping the desiccant active.
C.2.1 Changing the Desiccant
A cartridge on the side of the module dries the air inside the module and probe reference line (Figure C-4).
It contains a silica gel desiccant with a color indicator that changes from blue to pink, or yellow to green,
when saturated. Pink or green desiccant cannot remove moisture and must be replaced or reactivated. A
saturated desiccator will let moisture into the bubbler system, which can cause several undesirable effects,
including:
• The moisture may block internal tubing and cause reading errors.
• The air in many installations contains fumes that will form acids in the presence of moisture. These
acids may corrode internal components.
• At temperatures near or below freezing, there could be permanent damage if ice forms inside the
air pump.
To reactivate the desiccant, pour the desiccant out of the cartridge into a heat-resistant container. Never
heat the plastic cartridge; it will melt. Heat the silica gel in a vented convection oven at 212° to 350° F
(100° to 175° C) for two to three hours, or until the blue or yellow color returns. Allow the desiccant to
cool and then refill the cartridge.
Figure C-4: Desiccant Cartridge
C.2.2 Bubble Line Maintenance
Periodically inspect the bubble line to make sure that it has not become kinked or damaged in any way. If
you find damage to the bubble line, replace it. A leaking or obstructed line will cause inaccurate level
readings and lower battery life. (The pump must run more frequently.) If you need to replace the bubble
line, install a new line the same way you installed the original. Generally, the new line should be the same
length as the old. If you replace the bubble line or if you change the outlet either by cutting off the tip or by
installing a bubble line extension, you must recalibrate the level. Inspect the outlet of the bubble line
regularly for any signs of clogging. Sediment or debris from the flow stream and algae can all clog the line.
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If the line is blocked, you can either clean it out, or simply cut off the tip. If algae growth is a problem,
consider using a copper bubble line extension. The copper salts formed on a copper line will prevent algae
growth.
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19.2 Operating Manual for s::can Spectrometer Probe
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Manual
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Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
Table of Contents
1 General 5
2 Safety Guidelines 6
2.1 Declaration of Conformity 6
2.2 Special Hazard Warning 6
3 Technical Description 7
3.1 Intended Use 7
3.2 Functional Principle 7
3.3 Product 8
3.4 Storage and Transport 10
3.5 Scope of Delivery 10
3.6 Product Updates, Other 10
4 Installation 11
4.1 Environment 11
4.2 Mounting 11
4.2.1 Mounting with Probe Carrier 12
4.2.2 Mounting in Flow Cell Tap Water 14
4.2.3 Mounting in Flow Cell Autobrush 15
4.2.4 Mounting in Flow Cell Waste Water 15
4.3 Automatic Probe Cleaning 16
4.3.1 Connection of compressed Air Cleaning 16
5 Initial Startup 18
5.1 Controller for Operation 18
5.2 Connection to the Controller 19
5.3 Probe Initialisation 19
5.3.1 Probe Initialisation using con::lyte D-320 19
5.3.2 Probe Initialisation using moni::tool 20
5.3.3 Probe Initialisation using con::nect and lo::Tool 21
5.4 Probe Parameterisation 24
5.4.1 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Clean Water 24
5.4.2 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Municipal Waste Water 25
5.4.3 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Industrial Waste Water 26
5.4.4 Available Parameters for nitro::lyser 27
5.4.5 Available Parameters for oxi::lyser 27
5.4.6 Available Parameters for carbo::lyser 28
5.4.7 Available Parameters for multi::lyser 28
5.4.8 Available Parameters for uv::lyser 28
5.4.9 Probe Parameterisation using con::lyte D-320 29
5.4.10 Probe Parameterisation using moni::tool 30
6 Calibration 31
6.1 Types of Calibration 31
6.2 Performing a Calibration 32
6.2.1 Calibration using con::lyte D-320 32
6.2.2 Calibration using moni::tool 33
6.2.3 Calibration using con::nect and lo::Tool 34
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
7.1
7.2
7.3
8.1
8.2
8.3
9.1
9.2
10
10.1
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.4
10.5
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1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1 5
1.6
1.7
1.8
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2.1
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
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Data Management
Data Storage
Data Transfer
Data Visualisation
Functional Check
Check of System
Check of Readings
Check of Probe - Sensor Integrity
Maintenance
Cleaning
Reference Measurement
Troubleshooting
Error Messages / Status Messages
Device Settings
Check of Device Settings using con::lyte D-320
Check of Device Settings using moni::tool
Check of Device Settings using con::nect and lo::Too!
Software Update
Return Consignment (RMA- Return Material Authorization)
Accessories
Installation
Extension Cable
Spectrometer Probe Mounting (horizontal)
Spectrometer Probe Mounting (vertical)
Fixing Adapter
Flow Cell Setup Tap Water
Flow Cell Setup Autobrush
Flow Cell Setup Waste Water
System Panel micro::station
Automatic Cleaning
Pressure Connection Set
Maintenance
Cleaning Brushes
Cleaning Agent
Multifunctional Slide
Spare Parts
Optional Features
Technical Specifications
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Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
1 General
This manual contains, firstly, general information (chapter 1) and safety guidelines (chapter 2). The next chapter (chapter
3) provides a technical description of the s::can product itself as well as information regarding transport and storage of the
product. In further chapters the installation (chapter 4) and the initial startup (chapter 5) are explained. Furthermore information
regarding calibration of the device (chapter 6), data management (chapter 7), how to perform a functional check (chapter 8)
and maintenance (chapter 9) can be found in this manual. Information regarding troubleshooting (chapter 10), the available
accessories (chapter 11) and the technical specifications (chapter 12) complete the document.
Each term in this document that is marked italic and underlined, can be found on the display of your controller for operation
or as lettering on your s::can product.
In spite of careful elaboration this manual may contain errors or incompletion. s::can does not assume liability for errors or
loss of data due to such faults in the manual. The original manual is published in English and German by s::can. This original
manual serves as the reference in case discrepancies occur in versions of the manual after translation into third languages.
This manual and all information and figures contained therein are copyrighted. All rights (publishing, reproduction, printing,
translation, storage) are reserved by s::can Messtechnik GmbH. Each reproduction or utilisation outside the permitted limits of
the copyright law is not allowed without previous written consent from s::can Messtechnik GmbH. The reproduction of product
names, registered trade names, designation of goods etc. in this manual does not imply that these names can be used freely
by everyone; often these are registered trade marks, even if they are not marked as such.
This manual, at the time of its publication (see release date printed on the top of this document), concerns the s::can products
listed in chapter 3. Information and technical specifications regarding these items in s::can manuals from earlier release dates
are herewith replaced by this manual.
The electronic version (pdf-document) of this manual
is available on the s::can Customer Portal (Services for s::catl ***>.*»« pb*** w* em*
Customer) of the s::can Homepage (www.s-can.at).
www.s-can.at 5 / 56
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Safety Guidelines
Installation, electrical connection, initial startup, operation and maintenance of any s::can product as well as
complete s::can measuring systems must only be performed by qualified personnel. This qualified personnel
has to be trained and authorised by the plant operator or by s::can for these activities. The qualified personnel
must have read and understood this manual and have to follow the instructions contained in this manual.
For proper initial startup of complete s::can measuring systems, the manuals for the controller ans software
used for operation (e.g. con::lyte, con::cube, con::nect, moni::tool), the connected probes and sensors as
well as the used additional devices (e.g. compressor) have to be consulted.
The operator has to obtain the local operating permits and has to comply with the joint constraints associated with these.
Additionally, the local legal requirements have to be observed (e.g. regarding safety of personnel and means of labour,
disposal of products and materials, cleaning, environmental constraints). Before putting the measuring device into operation,
the operator has to ensure that during mounting and initial startup - in case they are executed by the operator himself - the
local legislation and requirements (e.g. regarding electrical connection) are observed.
All s::can products are leaving our factory in immaculate technical and safety conditions. Inappropriate or not intended use of
the product, however, can cause danger! The manufacturer is not responsible for damage caused by incorrect or unauthorised
use. Any kind of manipulation of the instrument is strictly prohibited - except for the activities described in this document.
Conversions and changes to the device must not be made, otherwise all certifications and guarantee / warranty become
invalid. For details regarding guarantee and warranty please refer to our general conditions of business.
2.1 Declaration of Conformity
This s::can product has been developed, tested and manufactured for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and according to
applicable European standards, as defined in the declaration of conformity.
CE-marks are applied on the device. The declaration of conformity related to this marking can be requested from s::can or your
local s::can sales partner or can be downloaded from the s::can Customer Portal.
2.2 Special Hazard Warning
A
Because the s::can measuring systems are frequently installed in industrial and communal waste water applications,
one has to take care during mounting and demounting of the system, as parts of the device can be contaminated with
dangerous chemicals or pathogenic germs. All necessary precautions should be taken to prevent endangering of one's
health during work with the measuring device.
A
A
The light source of the s::can spectrometer probe emits visible light as well as UV-light, which is extremely dangerous
for human eyes (health hazard!). Do not look into the pulsed light beam (e.g. directly or by using mirrors)!
As internal parts of the s::can spectrometer probe are under high voltage, the opening of the probe's housing can
cause injury, is strictly forbidden and will cancel all guarantee / warranty.
6 / 56 www.s-can.at
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3 Technical Description
3.1 Intended Use
All s::can spectrometer probes are compact spectrometer probes, designed for continuous online measurements of absorption
spectra (UV-Vis and derived parameters) with high quality. The spectrometer probes are available with three different optical
path lengths (OPL).
These probes can be operated either directly submersed in liquid media (in-situ) or in by-pass via flow cell setup but also
outside of the medium using a multifunctional slide. Applications range from ultra pure water (DOC > 0,01 mg/l) up to industrial
waste water with COD concentrations of several 1000 mg/l, and from single substance detection in sub-ppm concentrations
up to surrogate and sum parameters in highest concentrations. The possibility to use the measured absorption spectrum
(fingerprint) for spectral alarms complete the application field.
In all types of applications, the respective acceptable limits, which are provided in the technical specifications in the respective
s::can manuals, have to be observed. All applications falling outside of these limits, and which are not authorised by s::can
Messtechnik GmbH in written form, do not fall under the manufacturer's liability.
The device must only be used for the purpose described in this manual. Use in applications not described in this manual, or
modification of the device without written agreement from s::can, is not allowed. s::can is not liable for claims following from
such unauthorised use. In such a case, the risks are the sole responsibility of the operator.
3.2 Functional Principle
Spectrometer probes work according to the principle of UV-Vis spectrometry. Substances contained in the medium to be
measured weaken a light beam that moves through this medium. The light beam is emitted by a lamp, and after contact with
the medium its intensity is measured by a detector over a range of wavelengths. Each molecule of a dissolved substance
absorbs radiation at a certain and known wavelength. The concentration of substances contained determines the size of the
absorption of the sample - the higher the concentration of a certain substance, the more it will weaken the light beam.
Extinction or absorbance stands for a ratio of two light intensities: The intensity of light after the beam passed through the
medium to be measured and the intensity of light determined after the beam passed through a so-called reference medium
(distilled water). There is a linear increase in absorption with higher concentrations.
Every s::can spectrometer probe consists of three main components: the emitter unit, the measuring section and the receiving
unit.
The central element of the
emitter is a light source - a ; Measuring
xenon flash lamp. This is path
complemented by an optical Measuring beam
system to guide the light
the lamp. f Internal beam
In the measuring section Collecting optics Emitting optics
the light passes through
the space between the two
measuring windows which
is filled with the measuring medium and interacts with it. A second light beam within the probe - called compensation beam
- is guided across an internal comparison section. Every s::can spectrometer probe is a dual-beam measuring instrument,
allowing the automatic compensation of disturbances in the measuring process (e.g. ageing of the flash lamp).
The receiving unit is located on the side of the spectrometer probe where the probe cable is attached, and it consists of two
major components: the detector and the operating electronics. An optical system focuses the measuring and compensation
beams on the entrance port of the detector. The light received by the detector is split up into its wavelengths and guided to the
256 fixed photodiodes, making the use of sensitive moving components unnecessary. The operating electronics contained in
this part of the probe are responsible for controlling the entire measuring process and all the various processing steps required
to edit and check the measuring signal and to calculate fingerprints and parameters values.
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
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3.3
Product
The s::can spectrometer probes are offered in 2 different device variants (spectro::lyser and G-series) and three optical path
lengths. The needed parameters can be configured individually for the different applications. Regarding detailed information of
the device please refer to the technical specifications located at the end of this manual.
1 Part-no.
Type / specification
SP3-1-01-NO-xxx
UV-Vis spectro::lyser for waste water with 1 mm optical path length
SP3-1-05-NO-xxx
UV-Vis spectro::lyser for surface water with 5 mm optical path length
SP3-1-35-NO-xxx
UV-Vis spectro::lyser for drinking water with 35 mm optical path length
SP3-1-xx-NO-010
UV-Vis spectro::lyser with 1 m fixed sensor cable, recommended for by-pass installation
SP3-1-XX-NO-075
UV-Vis spectro::lyser with 7.5 m fixed sensor cable, recommended for submersed installation
SP3-1-xx-NO-150
UV-Vis spectro::lyser with 15 m fixed sensor cable, none standard, longer lead time
N2-1-xx-NO-xxx
nitro::lyser (Turbidity orTSS and Nitrate)
U5-1-xx-NO-xxx
uv::lyser (Turbidity or TSS and four specified wavelengths)
02-1-xx-NO-xxx
ozo::lyser (Turbidity and TSS and ozone)
C2-1-xx-NO-xxx
carbo::lyser (Trubidity orTSS and one organic parameter)
C3-1-xx-NO-xxx
carbo::lyser (Trubidity or TSS and two organic parameters)
M4-1-xx-NO-xxx
multi::lyser (Turbidity orTSS and Nitrate and two organic parameters)
V3-LOGGER
License fee for integrated data logger
Part-no.
Type of application
SP3 G-Ser.
I
municipal waste water influent / sewage
X X
A
municipal waste water aeration basin
X X
E
municipal waste water effluent
X X
R
river water / surface water
X X
G
ground water
X X
O
sea water
X
D
drinking water
X X
M
diary industry
X
P
paper industry influent
X
Q
paper industry effluent
X
B
brewery industry
X
X
industrial water
X
Regarding detailed information of the measured parameters please refer to section 5.4.
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The device is typified by a type label, as shown on the right,
that contains the following information:
¦ Manufacturer's name and country of origin
¦ Several certification marks
¦ Device name
¦ QR code to s::can Support
¦ Part number (Type)
¦ Bar code
¦ Device serial number (S/N)
¦ Information on power supply
¦ Acceptable temperature limits
¦ Environment rating (IP)
¦ Maximal power consumption
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
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Probe housing (lamp side)
Measuring section (optical measuring path)
Probe housing (detector side)
Connection for automatic cleaning
Cable gland
Probe cable
s::can
spectra: :lyser
caps m
im
Type 5P-1-0G6-P0-S-EX-076
HIIIM llll lilt! IN
S/N 15450111
s::can
color: :lyser
fam pi
ERtJi
\wm
Typ« T2-d-G35-GC-q-W-Q75
ii,mi'tin nun
17500X8
Dimension of probe in mm (OPL 1 mm left side, OPL 5 mm middle side and OPL 35 mm right side)
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3.4 Storage and Transport
The temperature limits for device storage and transport, which are described in the section technical specifications, have to be
observed at all times. The device shall not be exposed to strong impacts, mechanical loads or vibrations. The device should
be kept free of corrosive or organic solvent vapours, nuclear radiation as well as electromagnetic radiation.
Damage to the device caused by wrong storage will not be covered by warranty.
Transport should be done in a packaging that protects the device (original packaging or protective covering if possible).
This product is marked with the WEEE symbol to comply with the European Union's Waste Electrical & Electronic
Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2012/19/EC. The symbol indicates that this product should not be treated as household
waste. It must be disposed and recycled as electronic waste. Please assist to keep our environment clean.
3.5 Scope of Delivery
Immediately upon receipt, please check the received consignment for completeness on the basis of the delivery note and
check for any possible damage incurred during shipping. Please inform the delivering dispatcher and s::can immediately in
case of any damages in transit.
The following parts should be included in the delivery:
¦ s::can spectrometer probe (part-no. according to section 3.3)
¦ Connection set for automatic cleaning (part-no. B-41-sensor)
¦ Cleaning brushes - 2 pieces (part-no. B-60-1 for OPL < 5 mm or B-60-2 for OPL > 2 mm)
¦ Multifunctional slide (part-no. E-421-V3 for all OPL)
¦ s::can manual spectrometer probe (part-no. S-30-M)
The following parts could be included in the delivery if ordered as an option:
¦ Adapter cable (part-no. C-32-V3, C-32-MIL)
¦ Extension cable (part-no. C-210-V3 or C-220-V3)
¦ con::ncet box (part-no. B-33-012)
¦ Probe carrier (part-no. F-110-V3 for 45 degree installation or F-120-V3 for vertical installation)
¦ Fixing adapter - stainless steel (part-no. F-15)
¦ Flow cell waste water (part-no. F-48-V3 for all OPL)
¦ Flow cell clean water (part-no. F-445-V3 for all OPL)
¦ Flow cell - autobrush (part-no. F-446-V3 for OPL 35 mm or F-446-V3-TI for OPL 35 mm titanium)
¦ Cleaning valve (part-no. B-44 or B-44-2)
¦ s::can compressor (item-no. B-32-230, B-32-110 or B-32-012)
In case of incompleteness please contact your s::can sales partner immediately!
3.6 Product Updates, Other
The manufacturer reserves the rights to implement, without prior notice, technical developments and modifications in the light
of continuous product care.
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4 Installation
4.1 Environment
The correct installation of measuring instruments is an important prerequisite for satisfactory operation. Therefore the following
checklist for the installation can be used to ensure that all sources for potential operational problems can be ruled out to the
greatest possible extent during the installation, allowing the monitoring system to operate properly.
¦ Favourable flow conditions (little turbulence, acceptable flow rate, pressure, etc.)
¦ Unadulterated, representative measuring medium
¦ Measuring medium is in equilibrium state (no gas release, no precipitation, etc.)
¦ No external interferences (no electric and electro-magnetic interferences by leakage current, earth fault of pumps,
electric motors, electric power lines, etc.)
¦ Easy accessibility (mounting, sampling, functional check, demounting)
¦ Availability of sufficient space (probe / sensor, installation fitting, controller, etc.)
¦ Adherence to limit values (see technical specifications located at the end of this manual)
¦ Power supply for controller (operational reliability, voltage, power, peak free)
¦ Oil- and particle free compressed-air supply (optional for automatic probe / sensor cleaning)
¦ Best possible weather and splash water proof conditions
¦ Shortest possible distances between system components (probe / sensor - controller - compressed-air supply - energy
supply)
¦ Correct dimensioning, mounting and protection of all cables and lines (non-buckling, no risk of stumbling, no damage
etc.)
4.2 Mounting
When mounting the s::can spectrometer probe, please ensure that it is not possible that the measuring section (optical path)
becomes blocked accidentally or by build-up of large particles present in the medium.
¦ Horizontal orientation (i.e. with measuring windows in vertical position) with plane face of the measuring section in vertical
position. This will ensure no sedimentation of particles in the measuring section will take place and no gas bubbles will
adhere to the measuring windows. The proper usage of an s::can probe carrier or s::can flow cell setup will ensure the
correct position.
¦ Vertical orientation (i.e. with measuring windows in horizontal position) is only possible in applications with sufficient
medium flow or automatic cleaning to ensure that no particles can sediment on the lower measuring window and no gas
bubble might be captured within the measuring section. The proper usage of an s::can probe carrier will ensure the correct
position.
¦ Flow velocity: < 3 m/s to avoid cavitations and therefore deterioration of measuring quality
> 1 m/s when vertically mounted
¦ Abrasive solids (sand): < 1 g/l
¦ Recommended water level: > 10 cm at horizontal installation
¦ The housing must not be in direct contact with other metals, to prevent the possibility of contact corrosion.
¦ The probe cable has to be protected appropriately against cuts or damage induced by foreign objects in the water.
¦ In case of shallowwater and / or low flow velocities the compressed-air cleaning system may swirl up sediments surrounding
the measuring site (e.g. at the sewerage bottom). As a result the state of the measuring medium will not be representative
of the normal water quality directly after cleaning. To avoid this from happening, the probe should be installed in such a
way that the openings of the cleaning nozzles point towards the surface. This orientation is ensured when the cable gland
is oriented above the connection for the automatic cleaning.
A
Even though the cable entry of the spectrometer probes is equipped with a protective mechanism against forces along
the axis of the probe, the probe cable must never bear the weight of the spectrometer probe!
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4.2.1 Mounting with Probe Carrier
The submersed installation of a spectrometer probe using the specific probe carrier (part-no.
F-110-V3 or F-120-V3) is performed by the following steps (see figures on the right hand side
and below also):
¦ The shorter spacer ring [1] has to be placed on the cable side of the probe housing close
to the measuring section with the red marking towards the optical path (please note the
first 3 figures on the right hand side for correct positioning of the spacer ring).
¦ The longer spacer ring [2] has to be placed on the cable side of the probe housing close
to the probe cable with the groove towards the optical path
¦ After mounting the spacer rings, the compressed-air cleaning must be connection to the
probe (see section 4.3).
¦ Subsequently, the probe cable and the compressed-air hose are inserted into the probe
carrier (e.g. with the help of a cable pulling device); when doing so, the cable plug and
cleaning hose end must be protected from becoming dirty. The delivered M5 hexagon
socket screw [3] has to be placed in the provided tap hole, but should not be tightened yet.
¦ Now slide the spectrometer probe into the probe carrier, so that the spacer ring close
to the measuring section juts out 1.5 cm of the edge of the carrier (see marking on the
spacer). When using probe carrier for horizontal installation the probe has to be placed in
such a way that the plane face of the measuring section has a perpendicular orientation so
that there can be no sedimentation in the measuring section and so that air bubbles can
escape upwards.
¦ The probe can now be fixed in this position by means of the hexagon socket screw [3],
which will fall into the V-shaped groove of the spacer ring sitting on the end of the probe
where the cable is located.
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When necessary the probe carrier can be supplied with a tube extension that can
simply be fixed to a railing by means of the fixing adapter (part-no. F-15). Appropriate
measures must be taken to protect the probe cable and the compressed-air
hose from damage due to buckling, abrasion etc. at the point where they exit the
extension pipe.
For cleaning or checking the reference measurement (functional check) using the
multifunctional slide, the spectrometer probe can be slid out of the probe carrier
slightly after loosening of the hexagon socket [3],
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4.2.2 Mounting in Flow Cell Tap Water
The flow cell can be mounted directly on a solid and flat surface (wall, mounting panel, etc.)
using the mounting bracket (included in delivery). Once the mounting bracket is fixed the
complete flow cell can easily be removed by unscrewing the safety screw (M4x45).
A
Please note, that the spectrometer probe can only
be mounted in one way, because the measurement
cell as well as the inside of the flow cell are not
symmetrical. A red marking dot and a label on the
flow cell indicate the position of the spectrometer
probe in respect of the probe cable.
probe cable
this side
Sondenkabel
diese Seite
The installation of a spectrometer probe using the flow cell setup (part-no. F-445-V3) is performed by the following steps (see
figures below also):
¦ Loosen both nuts [1], which compress the O-rings of the flow cell. Do not unscrew completely - the compression inserts
[2] and O-rings [3] must stay in place.
¦ Insert the spectrometer probe so that the cable points to the marked side (red marking dot and label) and align, so that the
optical path appears level and centred in the flow cell.
¦ Fasten both nuts [1] while holding the spectrometer probe firmly in place.
¦ Check the correct assembly by peering into the glass window [4] on top of the flow cell.
¦ For cleaning purposes the glass window [4] can be opened by removing the metal bracket [5] with a flat screw driver.
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Dimension of flow cell (F-445-V3)
A
. For connection of the water supply use any fittings with V4 inch outside thread. To ensure that flow cell is always
¦ ^ completely filled with water the medium supply has to be done vertically from bottom to top.
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4.2.3 Mounting in Flow Cell Autobrush
Please refer to the seperate s::can manual flow cell autobrush regarding correct installation of the spectrometer probe using
this accessory.
4.2.4 Mounting in Flow Cell Waste Water
The installation of a spectrometer probe using the flow cell setup waste water (part-no. F-48-V3) is performed by the following
steps (see figures on the right side also):
¦ Loosen both nuts [1], which compress the O-rings of the
flow cell. Do not unscrew completely - the compression
inserts [2] and O-rings [3] must stay in place.
¦ Insert the spectrometer probe so that the optical path
appears level and centred in the flow cell.
¦ Fasten both nuts [1 ] while holding the spectrometer probe
firmly in place.
¦ Check the correct assembly by peering into the glass
window [4],
¦ For cleaning purposes the glass window [4] can be opened
by removing the metal bracket [5] with a flat screw driver.
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4.3 Automatic Probe Cleaning
The automatic cleaning of optical windows is needed to ensure a correct and stable measurement. For automatic probe
cleaning either cleaning devices with a rotating brush (ruck::sack or auto::brush) or compressed air is needed.
For mounting of the cleaning devices please see the manuals and installation notes of the specific devices. The connection of
the pressurized air cleaning is explained in the following section.
4.3.1 Connection of compressed Air Cleaning
The pressure connection set (B-41) supplied with the system contains
components necessary to connect the spectrometer probe to the cleaning
valve. The connection to the probe is performed by the following steps (see
pictures on the right hand side also):
¦ Remove black dummy insert [1] from pressure connection on top of
probe be unscrewing the connecting nut [2] and removing the conical
part [3].
¦ Put the connecting nut [2] and the conical part [3] over the blue cleaning
hose.
¦ Push the cleaning hose over the pressure connection on top of the
probe (warm up cleaning hose in hot water if necessary).
¦ Fasten connecting nut [2] by hand.
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The connection to the cleaning valve depends on the used type of cleaning valve.
Please note that depending on the s::can probe and sensor type you are using,
different maximum allowed pressures may be specified. In case a central
pressurised air supply is used in such a case the lowest maximum allowed pressure amongst those specified for the individual
instruments is to be used to supply all instruments or the use of pressure reducing valves to supply each instrument with the
correct pressure is necessary.
In order to ensure proper operation of automatic cleaning s::can highly recommends to use s::can compressor optimized for
compressed air supply of all probes and sensors.
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Initial Startup
Once the mounting and installation of the s::oan spectrometer probe have been completed and checked (see chapter 4) the
initial startup of the s::can monitoring system will require the following actions, in the order presented below:
¦ Connect the spectrometer probe to the controller used for operation (see section 5.1 and 5.2).
¦ Connect the cleaning devices to the proper terminal connections in the cable terminal compartment of the used controller
(please refer to the manual of the cleaning device and the controller).
¦ Establish main power supply to the controller (please refer to the manual of the controller) and wait until the operation
software has started up.
¦ Perform probe initialisation of the spectrometer probe. Refer to section 5.3.1 in case of using a con::lyte D-320, refer to
section 5.3.2 in case of using con::cube with moni::tool and refer to section 5.3.3 in case of using con::nect (B-33-012) only.
¦ Perform parameterisation of the spectrometer probe. Refer to section 5.4.9 in case of using a con::lyte D-320 and refer to
section 5.4.10 in case of using moni::tool.
¦ Configure the measurement and automatic cleaning settings (see sction 12 regarding cleaning settings).
¦ Check whether the cleaning system works properly.
¦ Connection and parameterisation of data transfer when desired (please refer to the manual of the controller).
¦ Check the readings obtained for plausibility after sufficient running-in time (at least 15 minutes).
¦ If necessary calibrate the readings of the spectrometer probe to the local water matrix when the measurement readings are
stable (see chapter 6).
5.1 Controller for Operation
The s::can spectrometer probe is equipped with an Web application for direct operation (lo::Tool). Therefore the spectrometer
can be operated directly via mobile device or can be connected to a s::can controller for operation. Depending on the used
configuration, different features are available. The table below provides a general overview of possible configurations.
1 Controller
con::cube D-330
con::cube D-315
con::lyte D-320
con ::nect B-33-012 I
Connection
via M-12 plug
via B-33-012
via C-32-V3 cable
via M-12 plug
Communication
ReST-AP11>
ReST-API 1>
Modbus RTU
ReST-API / Modbus RTU
Operating software
moni::tool V4
moni::tool V4
con::lyte V7.11
lo: Tool / lo: :Tool, SCADA
Parameter transfer
yes
yes
yes
yes
Fingerprint transfer
yes
yes
via lo::Tool
Trigger cleaning
via D-330
via D-315
via D-320
spectrometer / SCADA
Function Check
yes
yes
yes
lo::Tool
Local Calibration
yes
yes
yes
lo::Tool
Representional State Transfer Application Programming Interface
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5.2
Connection to the Controller
The s::oan spectrometer will be delivered with a fixed cable including a plug that can be used to connect the sensor to a
compatible socket provided on the controller used for operation. Ensure that the sensor plug and the connector are dry and
clean. Otherwise communication errors and / or device damage might occur.
A
Some of the s::can controller do not supply the specific M-12 plug. When using a con::lyte D-320 a specific
connection cable (part.-no. C-32-V3) has to be used. For initialisation on a D-315 con::cube the con::nect B-33-
012 must be used. Connect the spectrometer to the con::nect via M-12 plug and use a network cable to connect
the con::nect to the con::cube. In addition the IP settings of D-315 and spectrometer have to be configured to the
same address range.
5.3
Probe Initialisation
For operating one or several probes / sensors with one opertation controller, it is necessary to allocate an individual address
to every probe / sensor. This will be done during probe initialisation process, at which the connected measuring device has to
be recognized by the controller for operation first, and then a modification of the actual (preset) probe / sensor address might
be performed. The corresponding address will be stored on the respective measuring device. For s::can probes and sensors
of the same type, the same address is preset ex factory.
5.3.1 Probe Initialisation using con::lyte D-320
At the initial start-up the con::lyte D-320 provides an automatic probe and sensor initialisation
procedure (see screen on the right). After connecting all probes and sensors to the appropriate
plugs of the con::lyte (see section 5.2) and pushing the OK button, the probe and sensor
initialisation starts.
If sensor will be initialized at a later date, the following steps are needed:
¦ Switch to Status display by using the Left- or Right button.
¦ Push Function button, select menu Manage sensors... and confirm with OK.
¦ Select menu Add sensor... and confirm with QK-
¦ Connect sensor to the D-320 (see section 5.2).
¦ Select menu Add s::can sensor ... and confirm with QK-
As soon as the entry is confirmed by pushing the QK button, the con::lyte will automatically
search the Modbus port for a new sensor and will add the new sensor to the sensor list.
After adding a new probe or sensor, the parameters will be displayed in the parameter screen.
Furthermore single parameter can be added manually (see section 5.4.2 and menu Add
parameters...). In case the installation failed, the message Error adding! will be displayed.
Add s::can sensor...
Please connect all
sensors and press
OK to continue...
Add new Sensor
Add 0/4-2 0mA...
Add digital in...
Add s::can sensor...
Add s::can Sensor...
Searching 17/20
F: spectro::lyserV3
A: spectro::lyserV3
Add s::can Sensor...
Done. Press OK...
Added sensors: 1
Replaced sensors: 0
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5.3.2 Probe Initialisation using moni::tool
¦ Click the Service tab of the moni::tool screen and logon
as Administrator.
m Click on an empty sensor icon tAdd new Sensort to
initiate the initialisation process.
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
( Enter Servite Mods )
m.luol Digital Inputs
III I!
( Sample A Calibration
An automatic search procedure will start, searching for
the connected sensor.
Searching for connected Sensors
Searching for sensor at: rest_tcp://https/sp3-00000026,
please wait...
Stop Search 1 Advanced Searcj
When the automatic search prodedure is finished,
moni::tool will display all connected probes and sensors.
Those sensors that are connected for the first time will
have the Status Found new sensor (also listed as New
Sensors below).
If needed Sensor name can be modified now, which can
be any descriptive name you desire or select one of the
previous names listed below this entry field.
To install the new sensor click on the blue + sign on the
right side of the sensor or push the button Install All.
Found sensor devices
Status
Retry
rest J cp:tfhttps/sp3-00000026
© Found new sensor.
( install All )
(Advanced Search) ( Retry Search )
NEW SENSORS
spectro::lyscr
Address:
rest_tcp://https/sp3-00000026
Sensor nam#:
Previous names:
Statu*:
If a connected new sensor is n
ot listed here, please detach all other sensors and try again
moni::tool will install the sensor and switch to the Service
tab showing the new sensor in the system overview. Now pushing the button Leave Service Mode located on the upper left
side to start the measuring process.
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5.3.3 Probe Initialisation using con::nect and lo::Tool
In case the s::can spectrometer probe will be operated as stand alone
measuring device without an s::can terminal, the probe initialisation and the
start-up of lo::Tool is performed by the following steps:
¦ Connect the spectrometer probe to the compatible socket of the
con::nect. Ensure that the sensor plug and the connector are dry and
clean. Otherwise communication errors and / or device damage might
occur.
¦ Wire the cleaning device for automatic cleaning of the spectrometer
probe to the con::nect directly. The table below displays the different
possibilities for connection. h
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
1 Cleaning Device
Colour of wire
Labelling j
Cleaning valve
Blue
M+ Valve
Brown
M- Valve
Autobrush
Purple (yellow 1))
Trg Brush
Black (brown 1>)
-12V out
Red (white 1>)
+ 12V out
ruck::sack
Purple
Trg Brush
Black
-12V out
Red
+ 12V out
JT
r^n
J^Lt
previous used cable version
- t up m- t wc t t
4- I MC \Tr»\ » \
da vn sc
T A v«
Once the cleaning device has been electrically connected, the device needs
to be parameterised within the operating software (please refer to according manual).
Connect the con::nect to the main power supply (DC in).
This work must be performed by authorised persons only!
Several seconds after the con::nect box was connected to
power supply, the LED ring will flash blue.
Within one minute the LED ring will change from flashing
to continuous color. The spectro::lyser is online now and
measurements will start automatically according to user
settings.
Enter the IP address of the spectro::lyser into your Web-
Browser to start lo::Tool. The table below displays the automatic cleaning
different possibilities to get the correct IP address:
con-nect V3 (B-33-012)
Bluetooth/WLAN remote connection
1 Connection methode
IP address of spectrometer
Remark |i
via WLAN
192.168.43.1
default address: password = sp$ctroly$er
via Bluetooth
192.168.44.1
default address
via LAN
to be checked on DHCP Server
DHCP active on spectrometer probe per default
via LAN
192.168.42.10
fall back (static) if network without DHCP Server (e.g.
when connecting directly with notebook)
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As soon as the connection is established, lo::Tool will pop
up in the Web-Browser showing the actual readings of the
spectrometer probe (see figure on the right).
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
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Main tabs to change the displyed information.
User logged in actually. For operation of lo::Tool
there are three users available. Per default the user
is logged in as quest automatically (no password
required). For the normal operator the level user (with
password scan) and for service personal the user
expert (with password scan) is available.
Actual parameter readings.
Actual system date and time.
Activity (e.g. Idle. Measuring. Offline). In case the
probe is operated with an s::can terminal (e.g.
con::lyte) the displayed activity is con::lvte Operation.
s can
Fingerprints Time Service
-
'
~
~
0.76
0.33
0.21
~
Turbidity
TOCeq
DOCeq
~
~
! 31-2C20 -J-
s can Values Fingerprints Time Series Service"
User Administration
A change of the user is performed by the following steps:
¦ Click on the user icon in the upper right corner of lo::Tool.
¦ Click on button Perform Logout to logout the actual user.
¦ Enter the new Username (e.g. user).
¦ Enter the Password (e.g. scan).
¦ Click on button Perform Login to login as new user.
Current User:
I Perform Logc
guest
Change Passi
s can v Fingerprints Time Series Service ~
Login
Username: I
Password: ••••
Perform Login
The table below displays which operator functions are
allocated to the different user types and which information are visible on the different user displays of lo::Tool.
Fuctionality
Guest
User
Expert
View Edit
View
Edit
View
Edit
Remark
Service mode
X
X
X
X
X
Reboot probe
X
X
X
X
Trigger measurement
X
X
Measurement settings
X
X
X
X
X
Local calibration
X
X
X
X
X
Activate and modify parameters
X
X
X
X
Create or edit zero reference
X
X
X
X
X
Upload config file
X
License, updates, GCs
Probe name
X
X
X
X
GPIO mode
X
X
X
X
Modbus, air, bush
System time
X
X
X
X
IP configuration
X
X
X
Modbus configuration
X
X
X
X
Sensor maintenance
X
X
X
X
X
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The figures below provide a general overview of the lo::Tool features to display the fingerprint and parameter readings and
check ! configure the spectrometer settings. A detailed description can be found in the individual sections of this manual.
Values
Fingerprints
Time Series
Service
—» Measurement Settings
—* Spectral Reference
-* Device Management
—» Device Properties
—¦ Status
Legend:
[ Button visible for User and Expert |
f Button visible for Expert only 1
# Entry visible for User and Expert #
fl Entry. Visible lor Expert only. #
Measurement Settings
-» Manual Measurement
-* Measurement Settings
-» Parameter Selection
-» Active Parameters —
Trigger Measurement
Trigger Cleaning ]
Save Changes
4
Inactive Parameters
¦ Parameter Properties J
Parameter Calibration )
*! Activate Parameter )
Spectral Reference
Spectral Reference —Create new Spectral Reference I
Function Check 4 Start Function Check ]
Device Management
Configuration Files r i r r ~ ' li* " S-7 "'
and Software Updates ' -U-pJ°-a-d Configuration File ,
Licenses
# Software Updates # t*i Download \
\ Check for Online Updates now
# Device Reset # —i—*¦[ Reboot Device J
o
Perform Factory Reset 1
Device Properties
-* IP Settings
Status
Modbus / IO Settings —
Time Settings »( Edit Settings 1
Device Status Remove Binding j
Sensor Maintenance
Logbook
# Service Data # —nr Dump Service Data 1
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
5.4
Probe Parameterisation
The spectro::lyser can be configured individually which parameter will be measured. For each parameter a Global Calibration
will be uploaded to the probe. Therefore later upgrade is possible.
The G-Series (e.g. nitro::lyser) will be delivered with a fix set of parameter.
In the following sections all available parameters and the possible measuring ranges for the different types of applications are
shown. These measuring ranges are the same for spectro::lyser and G-Series.
5.4.1 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Clean Water
Below the s::can part no. of the specific parameter (e.g. GC-G-TURB, which is Turbidity for ground water) the measurable
concentration ranges, which may vary due to water matrix, are displayed for all three optical path lengths (1 mm, 5 mm and
35 mm).
I Parameter
Ground water
Surface water
Drinking water I
Turbidity [FTU/NTU]
GC-G-TURB
GC-R-TURB
GC-D-TURB
OPL = 1 mm 11
0 - 8000
0 - 9300
0 - 8000
OPL - 5 mm
0-1200
0-1400
0 -1200
OPL = 35 mm
0-170
0-200
0-170
TSS [mg/l]
not available
GC-R-TSS
not available
OPL = 1 mm 1>
0 - 8000
OPL = 5 mm
0-1200
OPL = 35 mm
0-170
COLORapp / COLORtru [Hazen]
GC-G-COL
GC-R-COL
GC-D-COL
OPL = 1 mm 11
0-23000/14000
0-23000/14000
0 - 23000/14000
OPL = 5 mm
0-3500/2100
0-3500/2100
0-3500/2100
OPL = 35 mm
0 - 500 / 300
0 - 500 / 300
0 - 500 / 300
TOC / DOC [mg/l]
GC-G-TOC
GC-R-TOC
GC-D-TOC
OPL = 1 mm 1>
0 - 930 / 700
0-1400/1200
0- 1000/800
OPL= 5 mm
0-140/100
0-210/180
0-160/120
OPL = 35 mm
0-20/15
0-30/25
0-22/17
BOD [mg/l]
not available
GC-R-BOD
not available
OPL= 1 mm 1)
0 - 2000
OPL = 5 mm
0-300
OPL = 35 mm
0-42
COD/CODf [mg/l]
not available
GC-R-COD
not available
OPL = 1 mm 11
0 - 3300 / 2000
OPL= 5 mm
0 - 500 / 300
OPL = 35 mm
0-71 / 42
NOs-N / NO, [mg/l]
GC-G-N03-N
GC-R-N03-N
GC-D-N03-N
OPL= 1 mm »
0-930/4100
0-700/3100
0-930/4100
OPL = 5 mm
0- 140/620
0-100/460
0-140/620
OPL = 35 mm
0-20/88
0-15/66
0-20/88
Chl-a [Mg/l]
not available
GC-R-CHL-A
not available
OPL = 1 mm »
0 - 4600
OPL = 5 mm
0-700
OPL = 35 mm
0-100
HS [mg/l]
GC-G-HS
GC-R-HS
not available
OPL = 1 mm «
0-240
0-240
OPL - 5 mm
0-35
0-35
OPL = 35 mm
0-5
0-5
real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
1 Parameter
Ground water
Surface water
Drinking water I
BTX [mg/l]
OPL= 1 mm 11
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-G-BTX
0 - 2400
0-360
0-51
GC-R-BTX
0 - 2400
0-360
0-51
not available
Chloramine [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
not available
GC-D-CHLORAMINE
0 - 2000
0-300
0-42
Ozone 03 [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
not available
GC-D-03
0-1200
0-180
0-25
Chlorine demand CLD [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm »
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
not available
GC-D-CLD
0-1000
0-160
0-22
UV254t / UV254f [Abs/m]
OPL = 1 mm «
OPL = 5 mm
OPL= 35 mm
GC-G-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0 - 500 / 420
0-71 / 60
GC-R-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0 - 500 / 420
0-71 /60
GC-D-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0-500/420
0-71 / 60
" real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
5.4.2 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Municipal Waste Water
Parameter
Influent & sewer
Aeration
Effluent
TSS [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-TSS
0 - 8000
0-1200
0-170
not available
GC-E-TSS
0 - 4000
0-600
0-85
TS [g/l]
OPL = 1 mm 1>
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
GC-A-TS
0-20
0-3
0 - 0.42
not available
Turbidity [FTU/NTU]
OPL = 1 mm »
OPL= 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
not available
GC-E-TURB
0 - 8000
0-1200
0-170
COLORapp / COLORtru [Hazen]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-COL
0-23000/14000
0-3500/2100
0 - 500 / 300
not available
GC-E-COL
0-23000/14000
0-3500/2100
0 - 500 / 300
TOC / DOC [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-TOC
0 - 3300 / 2600
0-500/400
0-71 157
not available
GC-E-TOC
0 - 2600 / 2000
0 - 400 / 300
0-57/42
BOD [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-BOD
0 - 5300
0-800
0-110
not available
GC-E-BOD
0 - 2000
0-300
0-42
COD/CO Df [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm 1>
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-COD
0- 10000/5300
0- 1500/800
0-210/110
GC-A-COD
0-530 (CODfonly)
0-80 (CODfonly)
0-11 (CODfonly)
GC-E-COD
0 - 3300 / 2000
0-500/300
0-71 /42
real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
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1 Parameter
Influent & sewer Aeration
Effluent
N03-N / NOa [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm"
OPL = 5 mm
OPL - 35 mm
GC-I-N03-N GC-A-N03-N
0-100/460 0-26/ 110
0-16/70 0-4/17
0-2.2/10 0-0.6/2.5
GC-E-N03-N
0-300/1300
0-45/190
0 - 6.4 / 28
HS- [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm »
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-HS not available
0-80
0-12
0-1.7
not available
Ozone Oa [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available not available
GC-E-03
0-1200
0-180
0-25
UV254t / UV254f [Abs/m]
OPL = 1 mm 11
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-UV254 GC-A-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800 0 - 3300 / 2800
0-500/420 0-500/420
0-71 /60 0-71 /60
GC-E-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0-500/420
0-71/60
11 real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
5.4.3 Parameter Measuring Ranges in Industrial Waste Water
Parameter
Brewery Paper mill influent Paper mill Effluent
Dairy
TSS [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL - 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-B-TSS GC-P-TSS GC-Q-TSS
0-13000 0-8000 0-4000
0 - 2000 0-1200 0 - 600
0-280 0-170 0-85
GC-M-TSS
0 - 8000
0-1200
0-170
COD / CODf [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm 11
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-B-COD GC-P-COD GC-Q-COD
0-60000/53000 0- 13000/11000 0-5300/3300
0 - 9000 / 7900 0 - 2000 / 1700 0 - 790 / 490
0-1200/1100 0-280/240 0-110/70
GC-M-COD
0-33000/16000
0 - 5000 / 2400
0-710/340
N03-N / NOs [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL - 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-B-N03-N GC-P-N03-N GC-Q-N03-N
0- 100/470 0- 100/470 0-100/470
0- 16/70 0- 16/70 0-16/70
0-2.2/10 0-2.2/ 10 0-2.2/10
GC-M-N03-N
0-210/940
0-140/32
0-4.5/20
UV254t/UV254f [Abs/m]
OPL = 1 mm »
OPL - 5 mm
OPL - 35 mm
GC-B-UV254 GC-P-UV254 GC-Q-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800 0 - 3300 / 2800 0 - 3300 / 2800
0 - 500 / 420 0 - 500/420 0 - 500/420
0-71 /60 0-71 /60 0-71 /60
GC-Q-UV254
0 - 3300/2800
0-500/420
0-71/60
real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
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Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
1 Parameter
Influent & sewer
Aeration
Effluent 1
N03-N / N03 [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm"
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-N03-N
0- 100/460
0-16/70
0-2.2/10
GC-A-N03-N
0-26/110
0-4/17
0-0.6/2.5
GC-E-N03-N
0-300/1300
0-45/190
0 - 6.4 / 28
HS- [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm «
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-HS
0-80
0-12
0-1.7
not available
not available
Ozone 03 [mg/l]
OPL = 1 mm "
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
not available
not available
GC-E-03
0-1200
0-180
0-25
UV254t / UV254f [Abs/m]
OPL = 1 mm"
OPL = 5 mm
OPL = 35 mm
GC-I-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0 - 500 / 420
0-71/60
GC-A-UV254
0 - 3300 / 2800
0 - 500 / 420
0-71/60
GC-E-UV254
0-3300/2800
0 - 500 / 420
0-71 / 60
1> real OPL is approx. 0.75 mm
5.4.4 Available Parameters for nitro::lyser
I Part no. / Application
FTU NTU
TSS
TS
N03-N
NO, KHH
N2-D / Drinking water
[X] X
X
[X]
N2-G / Ground water
[X] X
X
[X]
N2-R / Surface / River w.
[X] X
X
[X]
N2-E / Effluent
[X]
[X]
X
N2-A / Aeration
[X]
[X]
X
N2-I / Influent & sewer
[X]
[X]
X
X Parameter available and can be activated instead of another
[X] Parameter available and activated per default
5.4.5 Available Parameters for oxi::lyser
I Part no. / Application
FTU NTU
TSS
OZONE ¦
02-D / Drinking water
[X] X
[X]
02-E / Effluent
[X]
[X]
X Parameter available and can be activated instead of another
[X] Parameter available and activated per default
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5.4.6 Available Parameters for carbo::lyser
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Part no. /Application
FTU
3
H
Z
TSS
CO
H
z
cT o
z z
COD
CODf
BOD
TOC
DOC
UV254t
UV254f
C2-D / Drinking water
[X]
X
IX]
X
X
X
C3-D / Drinking water
[X]
X
[XI
[X]
X
X
C2-R / Surface / River water
[X]
X
X
X
X
X
[X]
X
X
X
C3-R / Surface / River water
[X]
X
X
X
X
[X]
[X]
X
X
X
C2-E / Effluent
[X]
[X]
X
X
X
X
X
X
C3-E / Effluent
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
X
X
X
X
C2-A / Aeration
[X]
[X]
C2-I / Influent
[X]
[X]
X
X
X
X
X
X
C3-I / Influent
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
X
X
X
X
X Parameter available and can be activated instead of another
[X] Parameter available and activated per default
5.4.7 Available Parameters for multi::lyser
Part no. / Application
FTU
NTU
TSS
tn
o
z
o"
z
COD
CODf
BOD
TOC
DOC
UV254t
UV254f
M4-D / Drinking water
[X]
X
X
[X]
[X]
[X]
X
X
M4-R / Surface / River water
[X]
X
X
X
[X]
X
X
[X]
[X]
X
X
X
M4-E / Effluent
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
X
[X]
X
X
X
X
M4-A/Aeration
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
M4-I / Influent
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
X
[X]
X
X
X
X
C3-I / Influent
[X]
[X]
X
[X]
X
X
X
X
X Parameter available and can be activated instead of another
[X] Parameter available and activated per default
5.4.8 Available Parameters for uv::lyser
Besides Turbidity or TSS the uv::lyser provides the absorbance value (UV) of up to 4 individual wavelengths.
I Part no. / Application
FTU
NTU
TSS
TS
UV254t
UV254f 1
U5-D / Drinking water
[X]
X
X
X
U5-R / Surface / River water
[X]
X
X
X
U5-E / Effluent
[X]
X
X
U5-A/Aeration
[X]
X
X
U5-I / Influent
[X]
X
X
X Parameter available and can be activated instead of another
[X] Parameter available and activated per default
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5.4.9 Probe Parameterisation using con::lyte D-320
After successful probe initialisation (see section 5.3.1) the needed measuring parameters of the spectrometer probe have to
be added to the parameter display. This is performed by the following steps:
Add para.
~ Add DOCeq
Add N03eq
¦ Switch to status display with Left- or Right button.
¦ Push Function button, select menu Manage sensors... and confirm with OK.
a Select soectro::lvserV3/0A and confirm with OK.
¦ Select menu Add parameters... and confirm with QK.
¦ Select needed parameter and confirm with OK.
The selected parameter will be displayed now on the next free position of the parameter
display. The default display configuration is used. Changing the display format is performed by the following steps:
¦ Select the parameter in the parameter display using Uj> or Down button.
¦ Push Function button, select menu Display settings... and confirm with OK.
¦ Select spectro::lvserV3/0/x and confirm with OK.
¦ Select menu Add parameters... and confirm with QK.
¦ Select needed parameter and confirm with OK.
In the displayed parameter configuration the following settings can be modified.
Name
Unit
Displays the actual name of the paramter.
Displays the actual unit of the paramter.
Pl/DOCeq
Name:
DOCeq
Unit:
mg/1
Disp.Format:
2
Load Defaults
To change the name or unit of the parameter, select the entry with {J^z and Down buttons and
by pushing the OK button the name can be changed with Up-. Down-. Left- and Right buttons.
Pushing the OK button confirms the new name.
Please note that change of parameter name or unit will not change the parameter configuration itself (e.g. if you change the
parameter name NOa-N to NOa the reading will still be N03-N).
¦ Disp.Format Within this line the number of displayed decimal places (between 0 and 5) can be set. Please note that in
case of too many digits high values can not be displayed and the parameter reading will switch to plus signs
(++.+++++).
m Load Defaults Confirming this entry by pushing the Qk button will restore the default display settings from the
sensor.
All modifications performed by the operator within these settings menu will be documented in the config file of the con::lyte
(see manual con::lyte D-320).
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5.4.10 Probe Parameterisation using moni::tool
After successful probe initialisation (see section 5.3.2)
all parameters of the spectrometer probe will be installed
and the active parameters will be displayed on the Values
screen of moni::tool. If you want to configure the measuring
parameters individually, this can be done using the menu
item Menu / Settings / Parameter.
After selecting that menu item a list of all installed parameters
is displayed. After selecting one or several parameters by
clicking on them the following activities can be performed:
¦ Moving the selected parameter to a higher position in the
Values display by pushing the entry U&.
¦ Moving the selected parameter to a lower position in the
Values display by pushing the entry Down.
¦ Deleting the selected parameter from Values display by
pushing the entry Remove Parameter. This action has
to be confirmed in a new screen by pushing the button
Delete all.
¦ A new parameter can be added to the Value display
by pushing the entry Add Parameter. A table of all
parameters that are available will be displayed.
¦ Click on the blue plus sign (+) on the right hand side of the
parameter you want to add to the Values display.
¦ A new screen showing the configuration of the selected
parameter will pop up. The Parameter name and the
Unit can be modified in the entry field. Confirm this
screen by pushing the entry Save.
¦ Click on the blue wheel (Edit) on the right hand side of
the parameter will display the actual parameter settings.
Depending on the actual Service Level different settings
are displayed and can be edited. Parametername. Unit
and Resolution can be modified in the Basic level.
( Service ) > I 'terminal
i>
gg
Up
Down | ( Add Par em
*er | Kemov
Paramete
Parameter name
Sensor
Unit
Edit
Config
Alarm
DOCeq
spec 00000026
mg/l
~
1 •
1 Stivlct ) > [ Tumi nil") > 1 Par
1 Cancel I I Save 1
m
Edit Parameter [ DOCeq ]
< GENERAL SETTINGS »
Address:
Sensor name:
Parameter name {Internal*
Parameter name.
Unit (Internal):
Resolution:
Upper limit:
Lower limit:
< ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS
Clip to Min:
Clip to Msic
ignore Error:
rest_tcp«//https/sp3-0000002$/63
spec 00000026
DOCeq
180.0 | mg/l |
0-0 (mg/l ]
Show* Information about the last modification.
installed on: 18-02-2020 17;25
Installed by Administrator
Reason: Automatic Installation
On a higher Service Level (Advanced. Expert) the
Additional Parameters can be configured.
Click on the blue check mark (Confia) on the right hand
side of the parameter to check or modify the settings for
vali::tool of this parameter. The Basic screen is displayed
on the right. Please refer to the manual moni::tool for
further information.
Click on the next blue sign (Alarm) on the right hand side
of the parameter to check or modify the alarm settings
for this parameter. The basic screen is displayed on the
right. Please refer to the manual moni::tool for further
information.
n OOaOoezT") > ( Parameter! I >
I Caatrl I I I Protection 1
0
Configure vali::tool [ DOCeq ]
< SPECIAL CONFIGURATION
0 Upload config file
Choose File |
0 Input config string
< GENERAL »
1 basic geners
wtlvc vail: too
sensRMty (0.0.. 1.0):
sensjf.wty- 0.25; Tolerant setting
sens/fcvSy - 0.5: Neutral setting
sens/tMty- 0.75: Stnct setting
t Service ) > I spec 08000026 ) X Parameters ] > |
I Cancel ) 1 Save 1 | 1 Protection |
0
Configure Alarm [ DOCeq ]
« SPECIAL CONFIGURATION »
0 Upload config file
Choose Fi
0 Input config string
« ALARM »
s basic alarr
1 a lower Im
atarmUmitUpper (-Infinity Infinity!: E2EHJM
alarmUmitLo«er (-Infinity ,. Infinity):
alarmumitLomir allows defining a lower threshold for a set point alarm.
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Calibration
At each measurement the s: :can spectrometer probe detects the absorbance at different wave lengths caused by the measured
medium. This so called fingerprint is used to calculate different parameters (e.g. N03-N, COD) based on the global calibration
the spectrometer probe is equipped with. Global calibrations are standard spectral algorithms available for specific conditions
of typical applications (e.g. municipal waste water, river water, drinking water) in such a way, that the spectrometer probe can
be used immediately after delivery.
With a local calibration the respective parameters can be adapted to the actual concentrations if required. A local calibration
can be performed directly on site without demounting the spectrometer probe or using standard solutions.
A
Once the spectrometer probe is local calibrated to the specific medium there is no need to recalibrate the spectrometer
probe any more. Only the measuring windows have to be kept clean.
Data base for each local calibration are results of conventional laboratory analysis on one hand and the absorbance spectra
measured with the spectrometer probe on the other hand. Because comparison analyses are made in the laboratory, it is
necessary to take random samples. The measurement of the fingerprints takes place directly in the process (on-line and in-
situ). Caused by this fact not only the deviation of the different methods influences the quality of the calibration but also the
total sampling failure (homogeneity of medium, biochemical reactions from sampling to analysing).
Samples have to be chosen in such a way, that they enable you to cover the whole measuring range with only a few samples.
Therefore, s::can recommends to take one sample at low and one at high concentration. Under normal circumstances a two-
point calibration based on these samples will be satisfactory.
When using calibration standards you have to keep in mind that these standards will always present a different background
matrix compared to the real measuring medium. Therefore s::can recommends to use such calibration standards only for
checking of sensor integrity (see section 8.3).
¦ Before performing any kind of sample measurement the cleanliness of the measuring windows should be ensured (please
refer to section 9.1).
¦ Before performing the sample measurement in-situ, the probe has to be submersed into the medium (at least 15 min.).
¦ When performing the sample measurement with the multifunctional slide, spill the slide serveral times with the calibration
medium (sample) before measuring the sample. Perform the sample measurement immediately after filling the slide, to
avoid any effluence due to sedimentation.
¦ A sample measurement has to be triggered at the same time the sample for laboratory analysis is taken.
¦ The result of the laboratory analysis can also be entered later.
¦ The calibration will not be executed and used till the menu item Calibrate! is selected.
¦ When performing a parameter calibration the result will be checked for plausibility. In case of faulty calibration an
error message will be displayed to the operator. Please refer to section 10.1 regarding possible error messages and
notes for removal.
¦ On the spectrometer probe itself sample readings and coresponding laboratory results can be stored for each parmeter.
Furthermore the coefficients of the local calibration (offset and slope) are stored onto the probe.
¦ In case of a spectro::lyser the complete fingerprint of the sample measurement is stored in the calibration database.
Therefore this sample can be used for local calibration of several parameters calculated from this fingerprint. This calibration
database is stored on the controller (moni::tool) and not on the probe itself.
6.1
Types of Calibration
Depending on the type of the spectrometer probe (G-Serie or spectro::lyser) and the used controller for operation different
types of calibration can be performed.
- J
3
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r~>
LI
Offset
Linear
Multi I
Number of samples
1 sample
2 samples
3 or more samples
Modified coefficients
offset
offset and slope
offset and slope
con::lyte D-320
possible
possible
not possible
moni::tool V4
possible
possible
possible using samples stored on con::cube
lo::Tool
all types
possible
possible using samples stored on spectro::lyser
6.2 Performing a Calibration
6.2.1 Calibration using con::lyte D-320
This operating controller provides, beside normal calibration procedure (see further down),
the possibility for a quick calibration call directly from the parameter view. This is performed
by following steps:
¦ Select the parameter in the parameter display with Upz or Down button.
¦ Push OK button, which directly displays the calibration screen.
¦ Select Sample 1 and confirm with QK to store the global (raw) signal of the actual reading.
¦ Take a water sample to analyse real parameter concentration.
¦ Enter the result from laboratory analyse into the field Lab 1.
¦ Select entry Perform Calibration and confirm with OK.
¦ Leave the calibration screen with Back button.
The advanced local calibration provides extensive possibilities for calibration of measurement parameter. After selecting the
parameter in the parameter display, pushing the Function button, selecting the menu Calibrate expert... and pushing the OK
button, the calibration screen is displayed.
< V Pl/4
DOCeq >
~ 1.31
DOCeq
mg/1
8.7
N03-N
mg/1
Pl/DOCeq
Lab 1:
1.60
Sample 1:
1.32
Perform Calibration
7yae
Two different types of calibration are available: Local or Global. By default
Local is selected. This is the normal calibration performed by the operator.
As soon as Global is selected an confirmed with QK a reset of this parameter
to factory calibration (global) is performed and the actual reading (Value).
the default offset (Offset) and the default slope (Slope) will be displayed.
Pl/DOCeq
Type:
Global
Value:
1.31
Offset:
0.000
Slope:
1.000
selected.
Pl/DOCeq
Type:
Local
¦
Perform Calibration Confirmina this entrv by pushina the Ok button will execute the
Mode:
Linear
local calibration, usina the Lab and Sample values displaved on
Perform Calibration
the calibration screen.
Value:
1.59
Lab 1:
1.60
¦
Value
Displays the measured value of the sensor like on the parameter
Sample 1:
1.32
screen also (i.e. using the actual calibration). The value will be updated
Lab 2:
permanently.
Sample 2:
Offset:
0.28
¦
Lab 1
Within this line the correct value for the measured Sample 1 (laboratory
Slope:
1.00
Sample 1
Offset
Slooe
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result) has to be entered. The unit of the lab value has to be in accordance
with the measuring parameter.
An entered Lab value can be deleted by selecting it and pushing the Function button so that it will not be
used in the calibration.
When confirming this entry by pushing the Ok button, a measurement will be performed and stored as
sample 1 for the local calibration. The sample for the laboratory should be taken at the same time.
Existing readings (Sample 1 or Sample 2) are overwritten whenever a new measurement was performed
or if the measurement was invalid, the message Measure! will be displayed instead of a numerical value.
Displays the used offset of the actual calibration. It is not possible to edit this value.
Displays the used slope of the actual calibration. It is not possible to edit this value.
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6.2.2 Calibration using moni::tool
0
0
Click the Service tab of the
moni::tool screen.
Logon as Administrator with
password adminl or your
individual username.
0 Click the icon of the sensor
you want to calibrate in the
displayed system overview.
Click the icon Calibrate sensor
in the next screen.
0
@0
Calibrate sensor
•li
Values
*
Fingerprint
A
Status
(•)
Alarm
f Enter Service Mode )
Digital Inputs Terminal
r Sample & Calibration J
Outputs Cleaning Devices
0
10
Help
li n
n ii
n
X
1
Login
1
1
Username:
Password:
1
T9"
i
Login 1
Now the screen shows a list of all parameters being measured by this sensor (Parameter name).
0 Clicking on the blue triangles
will open more information
about actual used calibration
for this parameter.
0 Furthermore a click on the
History icon rightmost opens a
logbook showing all up to now
with this con::cube performed
calibration procedures.
SOpen the calibration screen
by clicking on the Calibrate
icon on the right side of the
paramter you want to cali-
brate.
( Service ) >( spec 00000026 ) > C
Parameter name
Last calibration
Calibrate
History
DOCeq
TOCeq
I Global ] ^
Name ( Unear ]
Coefficient 0 - Offset: 1.1947 [5!
Coefficient 1 - Slope: 0.8467 1 'A
%
r
si-
s
0
This button displays the actual
used calibration (Global. Off-
set. Linear or Multi). Push this
button to select the type of ca-
libration you want to perform.
|~^~| The current readings of the
Ho]
parameter will be displayed
numerically and graphically.
A new measurement of the
spectrometer probe will be
performed whenever you push
the button Trigger measure-
ment.
( Service ] > ( spec 00000026") > ( Calibration ) > |
( Status View ) | ( Trigger Measurement ) | ( Perform calibration )
[10] [Hi-
Calibrate DOCeq [mg/l]
C
Current value: 3.8 mg/l
« SAMPLES
Sample Measured
5.055 mg/l
1 M
3.8 mg/l
« CURRENT COEFFICIENTS »
Laboratory j Edit
o_
Name
Coefficient 0 - Offset
Coefficient 1 - Slope
Value
|12]
Edit
-1.2550
1.0000
rti
• •
» •
0Push the Sample icon to perform a new measurement and store the reading on the probe. Please note that the displayed
value is the Raw value, based on the global calibration.
[T2I Push the EM icon to enter the result of the laboratory analysis and store it on the probe.
[13] Push the button Perform Calibration to start the calibration procedure.
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After the calibration procedure is finished a user message will inform you, if the local calibration of parameter was successful.
In case of an error the reason will be displayed to the user in red letters (e.g. Please enter at least lab values for 2 samples).
The coefficients of the new local calibration will be displayed in the column Value. It is also possible to write coefficients directly
onto the probe by pushing the button Edit.
6.2.3 Calibration using con::nect and lo::Tool
0 Enter the IP of the spectrometer probe into your
webbrowser (see section 5.3.3) to start lo::Tool. Logout
user quest and logon as user or expert.
|~2~| Select menu Service \ Measurement Settings.
|~3~| Push the button Enter Service Mode.
n~l Push the blue calibration icon on the left side of the
'—' parameter you want to calibrate.
|~£~| Within the calibration screen the last measurement
'—' reading is displayed.
s can
r,meS««
1
~
O
Active Parameters
Parameter Name Calibration
Fingerprint
Compensated Fmuerfxmt
Turbidity
global
lOCeq ra
DOOec
global
global
~
0
Push the button
measurement as sample
to store the last
q New measurements can be performed by pushing
E
Trigger Measurement.
Select the samples that shall be used for local
calibration.
TOCeq Samples Calibration
There are no samples taken yet.
B
Last measurement: 4.0 mg/l (4:21 PM) |jT]
I
TOCeq Samples Calibration
Use
Sensor Value Lab Value Timestamp
-ample
Md Row
[fake the last measurement as the sensor value fcr this sample.^
Last measurement: 4.0 mg/l (4:25 PM) | y I
lugger Cleaning
TOCeq Samples
I 1 1
Calibration
Sensor Value Lab Value Timestamp
Sample
4.0 mg/l 3.8
2/20/2020 4:25 PM
Last measurement: 4.0 mg/i (4:25 PM)
lunger Cloning H Trigger Measurement
|~9~| Within the Calibration tab the Calibration mode can be selected.
TOCeq Samples Calibration
HI | 1
i ^ 0
c. | i obai •I
Used Calibration
Calibration mode;
Calibration Offset: 0
Calibration Slope: 1
Suggested Calibrations
Mode Offset Slope
TOCeq Samples Calibration
Used Calibration
Calibration mode: | txfset*
Calibration Offset: -0.192
Calibration Slope: 1
Suggested Calibrations
Mode Offset Slope
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7 Data Management
7.1 Data Storage
The following information are stored directly on the spectrometer probe:
¦ Global calibration for all uploaded parameters
¦ Actual used local calibration for each parameter
¦ Readings of sample measurements for each spectral parameter
¦ Laboratory results of samples for each spectral parameter
¦ Reference measurement
¦ Device information (e.g. type, serialnumber, address, please refer to section 10.2)
¦ Service information in the internal probe logfile
Furthermore the spectro::lyser enables logging of fingerprint and parameter results. Please refer to the technical specifications
located at the end of this manual regarding amount of data being stored.
7.2 Data Transfer
Stored fingerprint and parameter results can be downloaded
from the probe with visu::tool. Please refer to manual
visu::tool for further details.
1 visu::tccl - Pro
File Data Plugins Help
Show Statistics Ctrl+D
~ X
0 Clean values Q Status values
|—j|B| cp-^Kr,-.K~ .r Ct, 1.1
7.3 Data Visualisation
For visualisation of the spectrometer probe readings one of the following s::can controller can be used:
¦ con::lyte (parameter readings)
¦ con::cube (parameter readings, time series and fingerprints in case of spectro::lyser)
¦ con::nect with PC using lo::Tool (parameter readings, time series and fingerprints in case of spectra::lyser)
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8
Functional Check
A functional check might be required for one of the following reasons:
¦ Initial startup
¦ Routine functional check
¦ Suspicion of monitoring system malfunction
¦ Modification of monitoring system (e.g. integration of additional sensor or device)
¦ Change of measuring location
Depending on the application (water composition), the probes and sensors connected and the environmental conditions a
regular functional check (weekly to monthly) is recommended. The following sections provide an overview of all the actions
that have to be performed to check the monitoring system quickly (see section 8.1), to check the plausibility of the collected
readings (see section 8.2) and to check the integrity of a single probe or sensor (see section 8.3). Furthermore you will find an
instruction how to check the linearity (see section 8.4) if this is needed.
8.1
Check of System
I Check
con::lyte
moni::tool / con::cube
Power supply controller
Green LED is on?
Text is visible on the display?
LED on housing cover is on?
moni::tool screen is displayed after touching
the screen?
System running
(up-to-date)
Displayed system time is current and is
updated every second?
Use arrow buttons.
Click on system clock at the bottom of the
screen shows current time and time of last
measurement.
Both are current?
System status
No error messages or error symbol
displayed?
LED of con::cube is blue and Status icon of
moni::tool is not blinking yellow?
Reason for bad system
status
Check logbook entries since last functional
check.
ODen Status tab and select svmbol of affected
sensor for more information.
Check
Remark
Function of automatic
cleaning
Use function Clean now or wait for next cleanina cycle. Watch for air bubbles when cleanina
is activated or listen if cleaning brush is rotating.
Compressed air supply for
automatic cleaning
All tubes and fittings are tight?
Function of compressor and
storage tank
Drain condensed water from storage tank of compressor (not necessary for s::can compressor
B-32). Check pressure.
Monitoring station
(by-pass)
All tubes and fittings are tight and all probes and sensors are supplied with medium?
No air bubbles within the tubes?
Submersed Installation
(in-situ)
Mounting equipment of all devices is ok and <
all probes and sensors are submersed?
Data transfer
Check if displayed readings on local controller are equal with displayed readings on customer
display system.
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8.2 Check of Readings
1
}
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Current readings
displayed completely
No NaN and no dashes
( -) or plus sign (++++.++)
displayed.
Use arrow buttons to scroll through all
displayed parameters.
No NaN displayed.
Current parameter status
of displayed readings
Check logbook entries since last functional Red background for para-meter indicates an
check. error or alarm. Grey background indicates
reading is not current.
1 Check
Reason
Remark 1
Up-to-date:
Readings actualised
on regulary base?
- Measuring interval is too long
-Automatic measurement has been stopped manually
Consider measuring interval
and smoothing.
Continuity:
Check historical data
(timeseries) for inter-
ruptions or discontinuities
-Change of medium
- Local calibration
- Maintenance of probe / sensor (cleaning, etc.)
- Readings out of range
- System failure (loss of power, communication error, etc.)
Only possible if timeseries
are availbale.
Plausibility:
Timeseries look plausible
with daily or seasonal
fluctuation
- Drift of readings (can be caused by fouling)
- Increasing noise
(can be caused by flow conditions or fouling)
- Fixed readings / no fluctuation
Check logbook of plant
operator if possible.
Measuring range:
Readings are within the
specified and calibrated
measuring range?
Quality of results might
be reduced outside the
specified range.
Accuracy:
Difference between
laboratory values
and readings of the
spectrometer probe
In case of significant difference during initial operation a
local calibration has to be performed (please refer to section
6). In case of significant difference during normal operation
a functional check has to be performed to ensure cleanness
of measuring section (optical path).
To verify the accuracy of
the displayed readings only
a reliable and validated
comparison method has to
be used.
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8.3
Check of Probe - Sensor Integrity
During a functional check the actual reference and the cleanness of the measuring windows will be checked. The operation
software ana::lyte, ana::pro, moni::tool or the con::tyte, respectively, will guide you through all necessary steps.
Step A
Check of
reference
and optical
windows
Stop B
Check
cleanness
of
optical
wi ndows
Step C
Set
reference
lozaro
StepD
Check new
reference
The diagram above gives an overview of the procedure of the software supported functional check, which can be divided into
four steps (A to D). Depending on the results of the test measurements that have to be performed in distilled water, these steps
will be executed or not.
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The software supported functional check is executed as follows:
¦ A1: Take the spectrometer probe out of the measuring medium.
¦ A2: General cleaning of the probe and careful cleaning of the measuring section. The measuring windows themselves
must not be cleaned at this point. Finish the cleaning procedure by rinsing with distilled water.
Start the functional check in the operating software or on the controller, respectively (see manual ana::lyte,
moni::tool orcon::lyte, respectively).
¦ A3: Place the carefully cleaned multifunctional slide over the cleaned measuring section of the spectrometer probe.
¦ A4: Fill the multifunctional slide with distilled water and pour it out. Rinse the multifunctional slide several times (at least
S3 times) in this way.
¦ A5: Fill the multifunctional slide once again with distilled water.
¦ A6: Start execution of functional check (entry Functional Check. Execute Check or Check).
0
D
3
]
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Test measurement: The probe now executes a measurement. Once the measurement has been finished a quality number
(Indicator = -2 to +2) will be displayed. According to this the following actions are necessary:
¦ Q = 0: The probe is fully operative and can be mounted again without any modification (sensor integrity is ok).
¦ Q < 0: A new reference measurement is necessary (see section 9.2).
¦ Q > 0: Suspicion of window fouling.
¦ B1: Thoroughly clean the measuring section again.
¦ B2: Thoroughly clean measuring windows.
¦ B3: see A3
¦ B4: seeA4
¦ B5: see A5
¦ B6: see A6
If the quality number is still > 0 after the 3rd repetition of this procedure please continue as follows:
¦ Q = 1: Perform a new reference measurement (see section 9.2).
¦ Q = 2: Inform your local s::can sales partner.
Alternatively, for experienced users it is also possible to assess the status of the measuring windows and reference measurement
by looking at the spectra recorded when distilled water is measured and comparing these with the zero / background line.
When using of the software controlled functional check this evaluation is done fully automatic.
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9 Maintenance
9.1 Cleaning
During routine operation the cleaning of the spectrometer probe, i.e. the optical measuring windows of the instrument, is
performed automatically either via compressed air system or via rotating brush (autobrush) in the flow cell. To clean the probe
manually the following is recommended:
A Before demounting the probe be sure that automatic air cleaning is deactivated via operating software and air supply
line is depressurised to avoid dirt and / or injury by suddenly escaping pressurized air.
¦ Rinse sensor with hand-hot drinking water to remove course deposits.
¦ Put the probe in a bucket of hand-hot drinking water for several minutes to remove deposits on and in between
the measuring gap.
¦ To clean the sensor housing (not the measuring gap with the measuring windows) a soft cleaning agent (e.g. dish-
washing detergent) can be used.
A
When cleaning the measuring windows, care has to be taken that the windows are not damaged (do not use abrasive
materials such as scouring sponges or stiff brushes).
The cleaning of the measuring windows is performed using a soft cloth (one that does not leave behind fibres), cotton swabs
or paper tissues that are moistened with cleaning liquid before they are applied. Furthermore, cleaning tissues for eye glasses,
e.g. available in supermarkets, are suited. For the removal of strongly adhering fouling, s::can cleaning brushes are available.
The use of the following liquids is allowed for cleaning of the windows. The liquids are listed in the order in which they are to
be used in case fouling is persistent.
¦ Water (can be mixed with a commercial liquid dishwashing agent)
¦ Pure alcohol (Ethanol)
¦ s::can cleaning agent
¦ 3% Hydrochloric acid (HCI) in case of mineral film on the windows
After every step undertaken in the cleaning process, the measuring compartment must be rinsed with sufficient amounts of
distilled water.
Sometimes it is possible that the air introducd by the automatic cleaning causes oxidation reactions to take place in
the water. As a result, thin films of Fe / Mn / Ca can be formed. When the risk exists that such deposits are formed, it is
A recommended to use a very brief cleaning time only (1-2 seconds) and to reduce cleaning frequency (one cleaning
cycle per hour) or to use drinking water instead of air for the automatic cleaning. When using an optical pathlength of
35 mm the rotatings brushes of the autobrush flow cell (F-446-V3) will avoid such coatings of oxidized Fe / Mn / Ca.
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A All cleaning liquid must only be applied on the windows using cleaning cloth or tissue. Rinse with distilled water directly
after the cleaning. Otherwise the residue of cleaning agents may change the optical characteristics of the windows
under UV light and thus lead to a distortion of measurements.
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9.2 Reference Measurement
All s::can spectrometer probes will be delivered with a high quality reference measurement and therefore can be used at once.
The reference measurement serves to define the zero point of all wavelengths that are measured by the spectrometer probe.
A A new reference measurement shall only be performed due to result of a performed functional check (see section
8.3) or if recommended from your s::can sales partner. As faulty reference measurement will lead to falsification of all
subsequent readings, replacing a reference measurement has to be done with great care.
¦ Thoroughly clean the measuring section, the measuring windows (see section 9.1) as well as the multifunctional slide.
¦ Place the carefully cleaned multifunctional slide over the cleaned measuring section of the spectrometer probe.
¦ Fill the multifunctional slide with distilled water and pour it out. Rinse the multifunctional slide several times (at least 3 times)
in that way.
¦ Fill the multifunctional slide once again with controlled distilled water.
¦ Start the reference measurement (see manual ana::lyte, moni::tool or con::lyte). The measurement ends automatically and
replaces the last reference measurement.
¦ Check the new reference measurement by means of the functional check (quality number Q = 0) or manual measurement
in the reference medium (Fingerprint = zero).
D A
S
High quality distilled water must be used for the reference measurement. In this context, please ensure that it contains
no foreign matter (e.g. air bubbles, contamination) whatsoever! There is no way to check the quality of the distilled
water used automatically.
For the highest possible accuracy of measurements, it is recommended to perform the reference measurement at the
temperature and with the probe in the same orientation as it will be used when the probe is installed.
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Poor referencing (e.g. when the measuring windows have not been properly cleaned or there are traces of cleaning
agents on the measuring windows) may reduce the quality of the readings provided by your spectrometer probe.
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10 Troubleshooting
10.1 Error Messages I Status Messages
During execution of a measurement or a parameter calibration the status of the monitoring system (system status), the
measuring device itself (device status) and the result (parameter status) will be checked for possible errors and for plausibility.
The device and the parameter status are seperated into a general part (valid for all measuring devices) and an individual part
(valid for the respective measuring device). In case of an error or a faulty calibration a user message will be displayed to the
operator (status bit will be set from 0 to 1).
Depending on the used controller these messages will be shown on the display (Logbook in case of con::lyte, Show Context
Help and System-Status in case of ana::xxx and Status tab in case of moni::tool). Additional to the general error reason the
detailed status code will be displayed in binary form (0000, 0001, 0010, 0011, 0100, etc.) or as a hex number (0001,
/V 0002, 0004, 0008, 0010, etc).
If several errors occur at the same time the con::lyte and moni::tool will add up all the status codes (status code 8000
means that only error bit b15 is active whereas status code 4011 means that error bits bO (0001), b4 (0010) and b14 (4000)
are active at the same time).
The table below shows all possible errors and status messages when a spectrometer probe is connected incl. the user
message, the reason of the error and notes for trouble shooting. If the error can't be removed although the suggested procedure
was executed several times please contact your s::can sales partner.
I No
API name
Message / Reason Removal
1
VOLTJHIGH
supply voltage too high
2
VOLT_LOW
supply voltage too low
3
MED_TEMP_HIGH
water temperature too high
4
MED_TEMP_LOW
water temperature too low
5
DE V_TE M P_H IG H
device temperature too high
6
DEV_TEMP_LOW
device temperature too low
7
NO_MEDIUM
no medium detected
8
VAL_BELOW
value below minimum
9
VAL_ABOVE
value above maximum
10
MED_BELOW
signal below sensor range
11
MED_ABOVE
signal above sensor range
12
COMP_BELOW
compensation signal below range
13
COMP_ABOVE
compansation signal above range
14
CHECK_BELOW
check signal below range
15
CHECK_ABOVE
check signal above range
16
DARKJMOISE
dark noise above limit
17
DARK_MAX
maximum dark noise above limit
18
MEAS_RETRY
retry needed
19
HIGH_STD_DEV_DARK
high variance dark measurement
20
HIGH_STD_DEV_MEDIUM
high variance of measurement
signal
21
HIG H_STD_D E V_C O M P
high variance compensation path
22
HIGH_STD_DEV_CHECK
high variance check signal
23
MAINT_NEEDED
maintenance needed
24
SERV_NEEDED
service needed
25
HW_DEFECT
hardware error
26
HIGHJJNCERT
high signal uncertainty
27
NEG_MED
negative medium signal
28
NEG_COMP
negative compensation signal
29
NEG_CHECK
negative check signal
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
iNo
API name
Message / Reason
Removal
30
NEG_FP
negative fingerprint
31
NEG_LIMIT_EXT
extinction limit reached
32
COMP_ABOVE_REF
compensation above reference
33
COMP_BELOW_REF
compensation below reference
34
CHECK_ABOVE_REF
check signal above reference
35
CHECK_BELOW_REF
check signal below reference
36
INV_REF_ENER
invalid spectral reference
37
MATHJJNCERT
high mathematical uncertainty
38
MATH_ERR
calculation error
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10.2 Device Settings
10.2.1 Check of Device Settings using con::lyte D-320
Select the entry Manage sensors... in the main menu of the status screen. Select the name sDectro::lvserV3/0/4 in the list of
installed sensors, in which the second number (4) indicates the address assigned to the sensor. After confirming the entry
Configure... as well as the entry Probesettinos in the next view, the following information of the sensor will be displayed:
¦ Internal sensor identifier (M-Version and Model)
¦ Sensor name (ammo::lvser)
¦ Serialnumber of the sensor (S/N)
¦ Hardware version of the sensor (HA/V-Version)
¦ Software version of the sensor (S/W-Version)
m Information about probe type (UV-VIS)
¦ Information about optical pathlength (Path length)
¦ Information about actual used reference (Name. Date)
¦ Information about maintenance (xx %)
Information of the single measuring parameter can be retrieved via the entry Parameter info...
from the main menu of the parameter display. In addition to the parameter name (Name), the
unit of measurement (Unit) the number of decimal places (Disp. Format), also the lower and
upper limit of the parameter range (P. lower/ P. upper) and the adjusted alarm range (Al. lower
/ Al. upper) are displayed.
Pl/DOC
Sen.: spectro
:lyse
Name:
DOCeq
Unit :
mg/1
Disp. Format:
2
P. lower:
0
P. upper:
180
Al. lower:
Al. upper:
10.2.2 Check of Device Settings using moni::tool
For checking the sensor settings click on the spectrometer icon within the system overview of the Service tab and select
Sensor Settings. Depending on the Service Level (figure below is Service Level Advanced) some or all of the following
information will be displayed:
Interface of the sensor (Address)
Sensor name used internal (internal)
Sensor Name allocated to the device by the operator
Manufacturer name of the sensor (Vendor)
Type of the sensor (Model)
Serial number of the sensor (Serial Number)
Number of available parameters (Parameter count)
Information regarding the purchase (Purchase date.
Actual hardware version of the sensor (HW Version)
Actual software version of the sensor (SUl/ Version)
Cleaning device allocated to the sensor (Cleaning device)
1 Cencel 1 ( S«v« )
Edit Sensor [ spec 00000026 ]
« GENERAL SETTINGS >
Sensor name
vendor
(i :can
Model:
spectre:rtyser
Sena) number:
00000026
Parameter count
25
~
HW Version:
3.2
f
SW Version:
I.e.2
A
« ADDITIONAL SETTINGS
»
~
Sensor Modeh
3.0
Detector Type:
UVMs
Optical Path Length:
5.0 mm
Reference:
SA2
Reference date:
2020-01-31T17:28.13.935Z
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Sensor Model of the spectrometer probe
Type of the spectrometer probe (
Optical Path Length of the spectrometer probe in mm
Name of the actual used zero reference (Reference)
Internal number of the actual used zero reference (Reference index)
Name of the actual used zero reference (Reference)
Actual used operation mode of the spectrometer probe (Measurement mode)
Actual used measuring interval of the spectrometer probe (Measurement interval)
Logging interval for Datalogger of the spectrometer probe
Actual used mode of allocated cleaning device (e.g. automatic, manual off)
Actual used cleaning interval (Time between cleaning) in sec.
Actual used cleaning duration (Cleaning duration) in sec.
Actual used waiting time (Delay after cleaning) in sec.
History information about installation (Installed on. Installed bv)
10.2.3 Check of Device Settings using con::nect and lo::Tool
Enter the IP of the spectrometer probe into your webbrowser (see section 5.3.3) and select Service \ Device Properties. The
following information will be displayed:
¦ User specific Name of the location
¦ Description of the measuring device
¦ Detectortype (e.g. UVA/is) and optical path length of the spectrometer
probe (Device Type)
¦ Serial number of the sensor (Serial Number)
u Production date of the sensor (Manufacturing Date)
m Actual software version of the sensor (Software Version)
¦ Actual hardware version of the sensor (Hardware Version)
¦ Actual network settings of WLAN. The following options are possible:
enabled, disabled or at startup only (i.e. WLAN is enabled for approx.
10 minutes after a power reset of the spectrometer probe).
¦ Actual network settings of Bluetooth. The following options are
possible: enabled, disabled or at startup only (i.e. Bluetooth is enabled
for approx. 10 minutes after a power reset of the spectrometer
probe).
¦ Actual usage of the connector pin. The following options are possible
Modbus. air cleaning or brush cleaning.
¦ Actual status of Modbus TCP (enabled or disabled)
¦ Actual status of NTP server (enabled or disabled)
¦ Actual date and time of the internal clock (Device Timestamo)
m Actual used time zone (Time Zone)
When logging on as user additional information will be displayed (e.g. IP
addresses within the network settings.
To modify the device properties logon as expert is needed. Then push
the button Edit
Settings which is
visible below the
Time Settings.
Now properties
can be modified
as displayed in
the figures on the
right hand side.
After all changes
are finished
push the button
Save Changes
to change the
config u ration
permanently.
Network Settings
192.168.167.4/24
Current IP Addresses: 192.168.43.1/24 (wifi)
192.168.44.1/24 (bluetooth)
Mode:
Static IP Address:
192.168.167.4
Netmask:
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway:
192.168.167.254
DNS:
192.168.167.254
WLAN:
Bluetooth:
•only- I
s::can Service Access: ¦
Device Properties
Name:
Aquarium
Description:
spectro::lyser V3.0
Device Type:
UV/VIS, 35 mm
Serial Number:
00000004
Manufacturing Date:
November 13, 2019
Software Version:
1.0-2
Hardware Version:
V3.0
Network Settings
WLAN:
enabled
Bluetooth:
at startup only
Modbus / 10 Settings
Connector Pin Usage:
brush cleaning
Modbus TCP Enabled:
yes
Tine Settings
NTP Enabled:
no
Device Timestamp:
2/20/2020 11:05:50 AM
Time Zone:
Europe/Vienna
Modbus / 10 Settings
Connector Pin Usage:
Baud Rate:
Parity:
Stop Bits: 1
Slave Address-.
4
Modbus TCP Enabled: O
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10.4 Software Update
¦ Enter the IP of the spectrometer probe into
your webbrowser (see section 5.3.3) to start
lo::Tool
¦ Logout user auesl and logon as expert.
¦ Select menu Service \ Device Management.
Below the header line Software Updates all
available download files are displayed. You
can also push the button Check for Online
Updates now to search for actual updates.
Select the most actual version and push the
button Download
After the download is finished push the button
Install to start the update procedure.
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
Software Updates
This is the list of available software updates for thrs device:
0.5.11 12/2/2019 6 MB
0.5.11 12/3/2019 17 MB i
^^^wnloadin^oftwar^mage^leas^ait
: he last check for available online software updates was on: \2JZ*!2Q\3 7:50 AM
Software Updates
This is the list of available software updates for this device:
0.5.11 12/2/2019 6 MB
0.5.11 12/3/2019 17 MB
The last check for available online software updates was on: 12/6/2019 7:50 AM
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10.5 Return Consignment (RMA - Return Material Authorization)
Return consignments of the s::can monitoring system, or parts of the system, shall be done in a packaging that protects the
device (original packaging or protective covering if possible). Before returning a consignment, you have to contact your s::can
sales partner or s::can customer support (support@s-can.at). A RMA number will be assigned for each device, independent if
the reason of the return consignment is service, repair or demo equipment.
RMA numbers can be requested from the s::can Costomer Portal available on the s::can webpage directly. Return consignments
without an RMA number will not be accepted. The customer always has to bear the costs for return consignment.
9
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11 Accessories
11.1 Installation
11.1.1 Extension Cable
Tha cable of the spectrometer probe can be elongated when necessary with an extension
cable (10 m, 20 m or 30 m length). The extension cable is attached using the probe cable
connector plug.
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Name
Specification
Remark
Part-no.
C-210-V3
C-220-V3
Cable lenght
10m
20 m
C-210-V3
C-220-V3
Assembling
ex works
Material
polyurethane jacket with
double screening
cable
Interface connection
M12 RSTS 8Y (IP 67),
RS 485, Ethernet
to s::can probe cable and
controller
11.1.2 Spectrometer Probe Mounting (horizontal)
For proper, horizontal submersed installation of the spectrometer probe a seperate probe
carrier is available. This part can be extended by a pipe (to be provided by the customer), if
necessary. For lenght > 1 m stainless steel pipes are prefered.
Name
Specification
Remark
Part-no.
F-110-V3
Scope of delivery
1 mounting pipe
2 spacer rings
3 fixing screws (M5x10)
Material
PVC
POM
stainless steel
mounting pipe
spacer rings
fixing screw
Dimensions
63 / 308 mm
diameter / lenght
Weight
approx. 0.9 kg
Process connection
ID 50 mm
to mounting pipe OD 50 mm
Installation / mounting
submersed (in situ)
117
Section A-A
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11.1.3 Spectrometer Probe Mounting (vertical)
For proper, vertical submersed installation of the spectrometer probe a seperate probe carrier
is available. This part can be extended by a pipe (to be provided by the customer), if necessary.
For lenght > 1 m stainless steel pipes are prefered.
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
I Name
Specification
Remark
Part-no.
F-120-V3
Scope of delivery
1 mounting pipe
2 spacer rings
3 fixing screws (M5x10)
Material
PVC
POM
stainless steel
mounting pipe
spacer rings
fixing screw
Dimensions
63/317 mm
diameter / length
Weight
approx. 0.6 kg
Process connection
ID 50 mm
to mounting pipe OD 50 mm
Installation / mounting
submersed (in situ)
ps*1
i ii ni nui/fiiiin n; ji
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11.1.4 Fixing Adapter
For proper and easy mounting of installation pipes onto the railing a seperate fixing adapter
carries is available.
1 Name
Specification
Remark I
Part-no.
F-15
Material
Stainless steel
Dimensions
158/267/73 mm
W/H/D
Weight
approx. 2.6 kg
Process connection
ID 50 mm
OD installation pipe
Installation / mounting
OD up to 64 mm
on rail
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11.1.5 Flow Cell Setup Tap Water
For measurement of sample stream outside the medium with a spectrometer probe a separate
flow-through installation is available.
1 Name
Specification
Remark J
Item-no.
F-445-V3
Material
POM-C
stainless steel
flow cell
mounting
Dimensions
132/101 / 74 mm
W/H/D
Weight
approx. 0.45 kg
Process connection
1/4 inch inside
Installation / mounting
flow-through (by pass)
Operating temperature
Oto 60 °C (32 to HOT)
Operating pressure
0 to 6 bar (0 to 87 psi)
Accessories
Hose nozzle 1/4 inch
(ID 6 mm)
F-45-PROCESS
11.1.6 Flow Cell Setup Autobrush
For measurement of sample stream outside the medium with a spectrometer probe in such
applications, where fouling of the measuring windows may occur and automatic cleaning is
not sufficient or not applicable, a separate flow-through installation with an automatic brush
is available.
I Name
Specification
Remark I
Part-no.
F-446-V3
for 35 mm OPL
Material
POM-C
flow cell
stainless steel
mounting
Dimensions
132/155/74 mm
W/H/D
Weight
approx. 0.9 kg
Power supply
10.5 to 13.5 VDC
Power consumption
1.2 W (typ.)
Process connection
1/4 inch inside
Installation / mounting
flow-through (by pass)
Operating temperature
Oto 40 °C (32 to 104 °F)
Operating pressure
0 to 6 bar (0 to 87 psi)
Accessories
Hose nozzle 1/4 inch
F-45-PROCESS
(ID 6 mm)
For this s::can product a seperate manual is available.
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
11.1.7 Flow Cell Setup Waste Water
For measurement of waste water sample stream outside the medium with a spectrometer
probe a separate flow-through installation is available.
I Name
Specification
Remark |
Item-no.
F-48-V3
Material
PVC
Dimensions
126/98/177
W/H/D
Weight
approx. 0.65 kg
Process connection
ID 40 mm
Installation / mounting
flow-through (by pass)
Operating pressure
0 to 3 bar (0 to 43.5 psi)
177
11.1.8 System Panel micro::station
For easy attachment of a complete s::can monitoring system (s::can controller, flow cell
autobrush and two other flow cells) a separate system panel with holes for mounting of
different devices is available.
1 Name
Specification
Remark |
Part-no.
F-501-eco-eu
F-501-eco-us
Material
PP
Dimensions
450/750/ 10 mm
450/750/ 190 mm
W/H/D (panel itself)
W/H/D (required depth)
Process connection
G 1/4 inch
1/4 inch NPT
F-501-eco-eu
F-501-eco-us
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11.2 Automatic Cleaning
11.2.1 Pressure Connection Set
For connection of the automatic air cleaning system of the spectrometer probe a specific
pressure connection set is available.
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
1 Name
Specification
Remark I
Item-no.
B-41 -sensor
Pressure hose
3 m
ID 4mm / AD 6mm
Assembling
ex works
Material
PU
tube
Nickel-plated brass
connection fitting
Process connection
3/b inch
Operating pressure
1 to 6 bar (14.5 to 87 psi)
11.3 Maintenance
11.3.1 Cleaning Brushes
For easy and proper manual cleaning of the measuring windows of the spectrometer probes
specific brushes are available. They are especially suited for mechanical removal of persistent
window fouling.
1 Name
Specification
Remark
Item-no.
B-60-1
for pathlength < 5 mm
B-60-2
for pathlength > 2 mm
Dimensions
200 mm
length
11.3.2 Cleaning Agent
For easy and proper manual cleaning of the measuring windows of the spectrometer probes a
specific cleaning agent is available. It is especially suited for chemical removal of grease and
persistent organic window fouling.
1 Name
Specification
Remark j
Item-no.
B-61-1
Weight
approx. 1.3 kg
Volumne
1 000 ml
1
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Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
11.3.3 Multifunctional Slide
For easy and proper functional check and reference measurements of the spectrometer probe
a multifunctional slide is available.
This slide can also be used for measuring individual samples outside the process flow (e.g.
spot samples in a laboratory). To place the multifunctional slide without requiring excessive
force and risk of damaging the O-rings, the contacting surfaces on the probe, as well as the
O-rings of the multifunctional slide can be moistened with water.
After fitting, the multifunctional slide must always be rinsed first using distilled water. This is
done to avoid influence of subsequent measurements by traces of O-ring material left on the
probe during fitting.
1 Name
Specification
Remark I
Item-no.
B-421-V3
Material
POM-H
housing
FPM
sealing
Dimensions
100 / 44 / 60 mm
B-421-V3: W/H/D
26 mm
circular opening
Volumne
30 ml
B-421-V3: for 5 mm OPL
40 ml
for 35 mm OPL
Weight
approx. 0.17 kg
B-421-V3
11.4 Spare Parts
The spectrometer probe is not equipped with any consumables that need to be replaced
periodically. Therefore there is no need to store any spare parts.
11.5 Optional Features
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Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stonnwater
Runoff - Quality Assurance Project Plan - UNHSC
Revision No. 0
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Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
12 Technical Specifications
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
I Name
Specification
Remark I
Part-no.
SP3-1-xx-NO-yyy
xx-1-xx-NO-xxx
spectro::lyser
G-Serie (no access to fingerprint),
see section 3.3 for further details
Measuring parameter
depending on type and used global
calibration
see section 5.4
Measuring principle
UV-Vis spectrometry with xenon flash
lamp (190 - 750 nm)
256 photo diodes, two beam instru-
ment, automatic compensation
Automatic compensation flash lamp
dual beam measurement
for detailed diagnostics
Measuring range
depending on optical pathlegth (OPL)
Resolution
2.5 nm
Measurement interval
10 sec (min.)
120 sec (typical)
min. depending on number of para-
meters and application
Response time
> 10 sec
depending on number of parameters
and application
Accuracy spectro::lyser
N03-STD: +/- 2% + 1/OPL [mg/l]
COD-KHP: +/- 2% + 10/OPL [mg/l]
in standard solution (>1 mg/l)
OPL... optical pathlength
Accuracy G-Serie
N03-STD: +/- 3% + 1 /OPL [mg/l]
COD-KHP: +/- 3% + 10/OPL [mg/l]
in standard solution (>1 mg/l)
OPL... optical pathlength
Repeatability (in air at 20°C)
+/- 0.004 ext. - spectro::lyser
+/-0.010 ext. - G-Serie
in air at 20°C with 10 flashes per
measurement without averaging of
measurements
Drift (peak to peak)
< +/- 0.005 ext./day - spectro::lyser
<+/-0.010 ext./day - G-Serie
in air at 20°C with 10 flashes per
measurement without averaging of
measurements
Calibration ex-works
all parameter precalibrated ex-works
depending on application
Local calibration
offset or linear
to real (local) water matrix
Reference
distilled water
e.g. dist. water for analysis by Merck
Automatic spectral compensation
Turbidity, solids, organic substances,
etc.
compensation of cross sensitivities
Temperature sensor internal
Oto 45 °C (32 to 113 °F)
0.1 °C resolution
readings displayed license free
Additional sensors internal
Supply voltage, tilt and rotation
readings display for s::can service
Power supply
10 to 18 VDC, 350 mA
<1.5 A
5 mA
full activity
during flashing (measuring process)
in sleep modus (logger mode)
Power consumption
3.0 W (typical)
20 W (max)
60 mW (during sleep mode)
Electrical potential
max. 1 Ohm
< 0.5 Ohm
max. resistance between (power
supply) earth (=PE) and the real site
ground
resistance between the medium to
be measured and the ground of the
probe's power supply (e.g. con::lyte,
con::cube)
Electrical isolation
galvanic isolation
between electronic and housing
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Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stonnwater
Runoff - Quality Assurance Project Plan - UNHSC
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Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
1 Name
Specification
Remark I
Sensor cable length
1.0 m fixed cable
7.5 m fixed cable
15m fixed cable
-010
-075
-150
Sensor cable specification
OD 8 mm +/- 0.5 mm, polyurethane
jacket with double screening
min. bending radius 5 cm, no buckling
allowed at probe connection
Status information
RGB LED ring on bottom
Interface connection
M12 RSTS 8Y (IP 67),
RS 485, Ethernet
to s::can controller
Interface connection to third party
terminals
con::nect V3 incl. Modbus RTU, REST
API
Digital interface for cleaning device
1 digital in/out; 1 digital out
Network connection
100Base-T Ethernet, Bluetooth, WLAN
Sensor materials
(in contact with measuring medium)
stainless steel 1.4404
X2 CrNi Mo 17-12-2
fused silica (UV-grade)
sapphire (AI203)
housing (ISO)
(DIN material number)
measuring windows (OPL 35 mm)
measuring windows (OPL 1 and 5 mm)
Weight
3.4 kg
incl. cable
Dimension
44 / 473 mm (without cable gland)
44 / 457 mm (without cable gland)
44 / 453 mm (without cable gland)
diameter / length (OPL 35 mm)
diameter / length (OPL 5 mm)
diameter / length (OPL 1 mm)
Operating limits temperature
Oto 45 °C (32 to 113 °F)
up to 50 °C (122 °F) < 3 minutes
temperature, min. freezing, max. 45°C
submerged
Operating limits pressure
0 to 3 bar (0 to 43.5 psi)
up to 10 bar as optional specification
Operating limits others
max. 3 m/s
max. 30 Nm
flowrate
mechanical stability, centric load,
adequate for most known application
conditions and all s::can installation /
mounting parts
Storage limits temperature
-10 to 65 °C (14 to 149 °F)
probe has to be acclimatised to
medium temperature before initial
operation
Installation / mounting
submersed or in flow cell
Environment rating (IP)
IP 68
Internal storage
8 GB on board memory
Back-up battery
5 years life duration without external
power supply (e.g. storage)
exchange by s::can service only
Interface to external terminals
Gateway Modbus RTU
via con::nect
Automatic cleaning - probe connection
G 1/8 inch for air hose OD 6 mm
Automatic cleaning - specification
compressed air, free of oil & particles
min. 3 bar (43.5 psi)
max. 6 bar (87 psi)
medium (drinking water alternative)
allowed pressure at probe cleaning
connection
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Utilizing In-Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectroscopy to Measure Nutrients and Sediment Concentrations in Stonnwater
Runoff ~ Quality Assurance Project Plan - UNHSC
Revision No. 0
1/28/2020 Page 79 of 81
Spectrometer probe V3, 02-2020 Release
Copyright © s::can Messtechnik GmbH
1 Name
Specification
Remark J
Automatic cleaning - settings for
compressed air
1 to 10 sec.
1 min. to 6 hours
>10 sec.
duration (valve is open)
interval (depending on application)
delay until start of next measurement,
(consider possible influence of air
bubbles and that flow cell has to be
filled up with new medium)
Automatic cleaning - settings for
autobrush
1 to 10 sec.
1 min. to 6 hours
>10 sec.
duration (brush is rotating)
interval (depending on application)
delay until start of next measurement,
(consider that flow cell has to be filled
up with new medium)
Mechanical tests
deviation, shock, temperature
3 bar (43.5 psi)
acc. internal quality criteria
leak test
Quality tests
99% within tolerance over 24 hours
N03 standard solution
8 fingerprints within specification
precision / stability
linearity
absorbance in distilled water
Light source
xenon gas discharge lamp
Stability light source
> 99 %
>99.5 % (typical)
UV-Vis (230 - 650 nm) standard
deviation in air at 20°C with 10 flashes
Life time light source
> 1 x 109 flashes
Life time = 50 % of output energy;
corresponds to about 85% of
absorbance / concentration.
Protection light source
shielded, encapsulated
Regulation light energy
between 60 and 100%
by s::can service only
Flashes per measurement
1 - 20 flashes / measurement
6 flashes (typical)
depending on used global calibration
Warranty standard
2 years
Warranty extended (optional)
3 years
Conformity - environmental testing
EN 60721-3
Conformity - EMC
EN 61326-1
Conformity - RoHS2
EN 50581
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