Clean Air Status and Trends Network

Fourth Quarter 2021 Quality Assurance Report

Summary of Quarterly Operations (October through December)

with 2021 Annual Summary

EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

Introduction

This quarterly report summarizes results from the Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET)
quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program for data collected during fourth quarter 2021, It
also provides an annual summary that includes data from the three previous quarters. The various
QA/QC criteria and policies are documented in the CASTNET Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP;
Wood, 2020; 2021). The QAPP is comprehensive and includes standards and policies for all
components of project operation from site selection through final data reporting. It is reviewed
annually and updated as warranted.

Significant Events for 2021

During first quarter, approximately 35 sites received a weekly filter pack shipment with the incorrect
quick connect. Most sites were able to use the next week's filter pack instead. About six sites did not
have an extra filter pack and ran two-week samples. Replacement filter packs were shipped to the sites
that needed them. Laboratory identification numbers were adjusted as filter packs were received to
indicate the actual sampling period. Corrective Action No. 0104 was initiated. Actions included
retraining personnel, further separation of storage for differing filter pack configurations, and posting
a visual reference guide.

During first quarter, the CASTNET QA Manager documented the results of co located testing that
compared MTL nylon filters from lots 709 and 710. The filters compared well. Wood began using
nylon filters from lot 710 in CASTNET filter packs during first quarter beginning sampling week 7.

The QA Manager completed review of the metrics for the annual site operator performance
assessment during first quarter. These metrics are evaluated annually to determine where additional
training is needed.

NADP hosted a Data Quality Objective (DQO) Summit during January 2021. Marcus Stewart, Wood's
CASTNET QA Manager, served as a moderator. Previously, Mr. Stewart worked closely with EPA during
the development of CASTNET DQQ and data quality indicators.

The surveillance assessment required to continue International Organization for Standardization
(ISO)/lnternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 17025:2017 accreditation by the American
Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA) took place April 12-14, 2021, as a virtual assessment.
During first quarter, documentation was reviewed and updated as needed. The assessor requested
advance, electronic copies of general documentation along with many laboratory and field-related
records. Wood supplied the requested documentation and answered questions from the assessor to

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help make the audit go smoothly. Additionally, Wood worked with the assessor so he could securely
access the Wood network for the remote audit. The virtual assessment went well. There were four
findings that required corrective action. Wood addressed the corrective actions. Certified, adjustable
pipettes with appropriate certification documentation were ordered. Documentation and other issues
were addressed, and the appropriate updates/additions were prepared and provided to A2LA. Wood's
ISO/I EC 17025:2017 re-accreditation was approved by A2LA and will continue through May 2023.

During second quarter 2021, the CASTNET QA Manager prepared the annual management review
summary presentation as required to maintain ISO/I EC 17025:2017 accreditation by the A2LA. During
third quarter, the presentation was distributed to the CASTNET management team, and the annual
management review meeting was held to discuss the presentation. The meeting attendees included
the CASTNET management team, Wood's Florida Regional Manager, and Wood's East US QA Lead.

In second quarter, Wood learned that the potassium carbonate (K2CO3) used to impregnate the
cellulose filters was backordered by J.T. Baker, Wood's usual supplier, until January 2022. Wood's
supply on-hand was sufficient only through August 2021. Wood began acceptance testing K2CO3 from
other vendors. During July, Wood conducted a field study to confirm the performance of the K2CO3
that passed acceptance testing from four vendors. The study included filters exposed to active and
passive flow, laboratory blanks, and field blanks. Wood was looking for K2CO3 that not only passed
acceptance and field testing but was also the most comparable with J.T. Baker's performance. After all
test results were reviewed, Wood selected Fisher as the one vendor to use. Wood verified that Fisher
had a sufficient quantity to ensure availability. Wood began using Fisher K2CO3 for the solution used
to impregnate the cellulose filters for September 2021 sampling activities. The CASTNET QA Manager
prepared a summary of the K2CO3 testing and results and submitted it to EPA as an attachment to the
CASTNET Third Quarter 2021 Quality Assurance Report.

The CASTNET QAPP Revision 9.4 was approved by EPA in early July 2021. As a result of the mid-year
approval of Revision 9.4, both QAPP Revision 9.3 and QAPP Revision 9.4 are applicable to CASTNET
activities for 2021. Revision 9.3 covers first and second quarter 2021, and Revision 9.4 covers third and
fourth quarter 2021.

Wood continued the process of transitioning from hardcopy to electronic documentation. For the
CASTNET QAPP Revision 9.4, Wood received approval from EPA to modify statements on double entry
to indicate that only items that directly affect atmospheric concentration data (e.g., dates) from the
Site Status Report Forms (SSRF) require double entry. During July, the new SSRF dashboard began
being tested in iCASTNET. Only two fields on the hard copy SSRF now require double entry in the new
dashboard.

During third quarter, The CASTNET QA Manager began working with field personnel to develop a
detailed procedure for checking the pressure of gas cylinders while minimizing the risk of
contamination. Wood has found empty or nearly empty cylinders in inventory with the manufacturer's
seal still intact. A procedure to check pressure without causing contamination will help Wood maintain
an adequate number of cylinders ready to go to the sites. Gas cylinders have a long lead-time to
delivery.

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Wood began evaluating how changes to the new Ozone Technical Assistance Document (TAD; EPA,
2020) will affect ozone criteria and reporting for CASTNET sites. Wood had multiple meetings with
EPA, NPS, and ARS to discuss the changes proposed as they pertain to CASTNET. Wood provided
comments and observations to EPA's Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) regarding the new TAD
worksheet/spreadsheets.

The draft of the CASTNET QAPP Revision 9.5 was submitted to EPA on November 1, 2021.

The BFT142, NC site failed a NPAP ozone system audit by EPA Region 4 in September 2021. Wood
believes the audit was not performed under routine operational conditions because the audit was
performed without purge flow to the Nafion dryer. Wood's CASTNET QA Manager issued a corrective
action, which included training site operators at sites with Nafion dryers on proper operation of the
Nafion dryer during an audit by using a quick connect to allow the dryer to run without a filter pack
installed. Additionally, guidelines were provided for site operators and auditors to use for reference.
The BFT142 site passed two subsequent PE audits by two different auditors during fourth quarter 2021
indicating the site is operating within criteria when audited under normal operating conditions with
purge flow to the Nafion dryer.

Providing a safe working environment is one of Wood's goals. Sites are routinely checked for safe
working conditions at each calibration (i.e., twice per year). During 2021, Wood performed internal
safety audits of selected sites. These safety audits provide a more in-depth review of site safety and
include a safety-related evaluation of infrastructure condition and maintenance, use of equipment, site
operator activities at the site, and verification that procedures are understood and followed by site
personnel. There were no findings during 2021.

Quarterly/Annual Summary

Table 1 lists the quarters of data that were validated to Level 3 during 2021 by site calibration group.
Table 2 lists the sites in each calibration group along with the calibration schedule. Table 3 presents
the measurement criteria for continuous field measurements. These criteria apply to the instrument
challenges performed during site calibrations. Table 4 presents the measurement criteria for
laboratory filter pack measurements. These criteria apply to the QC samples listed in the following
section of this report. Table 5 presents the critical criteria for ozone monitoring. Table 6 presents the
critical criteria for trace-level gas monitoring.

Laboratory Intercomparison Results Summary

Wood's CASTNET laboratory regularly participates in the Environment and Climate Change Canada
(ECCC) Proficiency Testing (PT) Program for Inorganic Environmental Substances. The results reported
by the participating laboratories are evaluated for systematic bias and precision. Systematic bias is
assessed using the Youden (1969) non-parametric analysis, while precision is calculated using
algorithm A from the ISO standard 13528 (ISO, 2005). Laboratory results are considered systematically
biased when individual parameters are ranked by the Youden analysis to be consistently and
significantly higher or lower than the assigned value without regard to flagged results. The CASTNET
laboratory's proficiency testing plan requires action for individual test results that are greater than
three standard deviations from the assigned value, bias 5 percent or higher for a single parameter,

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three or more biased results of any magnitude in a single study, or a consecutive study result
indicating bias of any magnitude for a given parameter.

During second quarter 2021, Wood received results for sample analyses for PT study 117 for Rain and
Soft Waters submitted to the Environmental Science and Technology Laboratories Division, a branch
of the Water Science and Technology Directorate with ECCC that provides QA services. Sodium was
flagged high but within limits. No corrective actions were required. Analyses of all parameters were
rated as "good" for PT study 117 (ECCC, 2021). Wood's 5-year average was also rated as "good"

(ECCC, 2021).

Wood generally participates in two ECCC PT studies each year. However, because of difficulties caused
by the COVID-19 pandemic, ECCC did not run the PT 116 study. The study number 116 was retired in
order to preserve the naming convention.

Quality Control Analysis Count

The QC sample statistics presented in this report are for reference standards (RF) and continuing
calibration verification spikes (CCV) used to assess accuracy and for replicate sample analyses (RP)
used to assess "in-run" precision. In addition, laboratory method blanks (MB) containing reagents
without a filter; laboratory blanks (LB) containing reagents and a new, unexposed filter; and field
blanks (FB) containing reagents and an unexposed filter that was loaded into a filter pack assembly
and shipped to and from the monitoring site while remaining in sealed packaging are also included.
Tables 7 through 10 present the number of analyses in each category that were performed during
each quarter of 2021.

Sample Receipt Statistics

Ninety-five percent of field samples from EPA-sponsored sites must be received by the CASTNET
laboratory in Gainesville, FL no later than 14 days after removal from the sampling tower. Table 11
presents the relevant sample receipt statistics for each of the four quarters of 2021 together with an
annual summary for each category. Due to issues arising from the pandemic and U.S. Postal Service
policy decisions, mail delivery service was often delayed resulting in an eighty-seven percent average
for 2021.

Data Quality Indicator (DQI) Results

Figures 1 through 3 present the results of RF, CCV, and RP QC sample analyses for fourth quarter
2021. All results were within the criteria listed in Table 4. Table 12 presents the percent recoveries and
standard deviations for RF, CCV, and RP QC sample analyses for 2021. Quarterly averages are all within
criteria.

Table 13 presents quarterly co-located filter pack precision results for data validated to Level 3 during
the year. Results for MCK131/231, KY were within the criterion for all of the 11 parameters reported.
The MARPD values for K+ and CI exceeded the 20 percent criterion for ROM406/206 during first
quarter 2021. The sample concentrations at these sites were low, averaging about four times the
reporting limit for K+ and less than two times the reporting limit for CI". As noted in Table 4, the

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20 percent criterion only applies to values greater than or equal to five times the reporting limit;
otherwise, the criterion is ± the reporting limit. The quarterly averages met this criterion.

Figure 4 presents completeness statistics for continuous measurements validated to Level 3 during the
year. All parameters met the 90 percent criterion.

Table 14 presents summary statistics of critical criteria measurements at ozone sites collected during
fourth quarter 2021. The statistics presented contain data validated at Level 2 and Level 3. All data
associated with QC checks that fail to meet the criteria listed in Table 5 were or will be invalidated
unless the cause of failure has no effect on ambient data collection, and passing results still meet
frequency criteria. Results in shaded cells either exceed documented criteria or are otherwise notable.
Table 15 presents observations associated with the shaded cell results in Table 14.

Table 16 presents summary statistics of critical criteria measurements at trace-level gas monitoring
sites collected during fourth quarter 2021. The statistics presented contain data validated at Level 2
and Level 3. All data associated with QC checks that fail to meet the criteria listed in Table 6 were or
will be invalidated unless the cause of failure has no effect on ambient data collection, and passing
results still meet frequency criteria. Results in shaded cells either exceed documented criteria or are
otherwise notable. Table 17 presents observations associated with the shaded cell results in Table 16.

Laboratory Control Sample Analysis

The laboratory control sample (LCS) is a reagent blank spiked with the target analytes from the
established analytical methods and carried through the same extraction process that field samples
must undergo. The LCS is not required by the CASTNET QA/QC program. LCS analyses are performed
by the laboratory to monitor for potential sample handling artifacts and provide a means to identify
possible analyte loss from extraction to extraction. Figure 5 presents LCS analysis results for fourth
quarter 2021. All recovery values were between 92 percent and 112 percent.

Blank Results

Figures 6 through 8 present the results of MB, LB, and FB QC sample analyses for fourth quarter 2021.
All fourth quarter results were within criteria (two times the reporting limit) listed in Table 4 with the
exception of two cellulose filter FB results. All other associated QC were within criteria, and the data
from associated sites (CDR119, WV and CDZ171, KY) were reasonable. Table 18 summarizes the record
of filter blanks for 2021. All 2021 results were within criteria listed in Table 4 with the exception of the
fourth quarter FB results discussed above and several second and third quarter cellulose filter
acceptance test results. All failing cellulose filter acceptance test results were associated with Wood
acceptance testing the candidate vendor K2C03 to determine the best replacement for J.T. Baker K2C03
as discussed in the Significant Events section. All other blank QC checks in their respective batches
were within criteria.

Suspect/Invalid Filter Pack Samples

Filter pack samples that were flagged as suspect or invalid during each of the four quarters of 2021
are listed in Table 19. This table also includes associated site identification and a brief description of
the reason the sample was flagged. During fourth quarter, nine filter pack samples were invalidated.

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Field Problem Count

Table 20 presents counts of field problems affecting continuous data collection for more than one day
for each quarter during 2021. The problem counts are sorted by a 30-, 60-, or 90-day time period to
resolution. A category for unresolved problems is also included. Time to resolution indicates the
period taken to implement corrective action.

Field Calibration Results

A summary of field calibration failures by parameter for each quarter of 2021 is listed in Table 21.
Calibrations were performed at 17 sites during fourth quarter 2021. During 2021, all sites and
parameters were within the criteria listed in Table 3 with the exception of the parameters at the six
sites that are listed in Table 21.

Table 22 presents field accuracy results for 2021 based on instrument challenges performed using
independent reference standards during site calibration visits. Each parameter was within its criterion
with at least 90 percent frequency except wind speed greater than 5 meters per second at
87.5 percent frequency and solar radiation at 87.5 percent frequency. Per CASTNET project protocols,
data are flagged but still considered valid if the calibration criterion is not exceeded by more than its
magnitude (i.e., if within two times the criterion). All calibration failures reported in 2021 for the
indicated parameters were within two times the criterion with the exception of wind speed at IRL141,
FL and flow rate at ALC188, TX; CAT175, NY; OXF122, OH; and PAL190, TX. Data associated with these
failures were invalidated.

References

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2008. ASTM E29-08, "Standard Practice for Using
Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications." ASTM
International, West Conshohocken, PA, D0l:10.1520/E0029-08. www.astm.org.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2021. Rain and Soft Waters PT Study 117 Report.
Environmental Science and Technology Laboratories Division, Water Science and Technology
Directorate Proficiency Testing Program, Burlington, Ontario, Canada. Prepared for Wood
Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc., Newberry FL, USA.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 2005. Statistical Methods for the Use in

Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparisons, Annex C, Robust Analysis, Section C. V.
Algorithm A. Standard 13528. ISO 13528:2005(E).

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2020. Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 58,

"Appendix A to Part 58 - Quality Assurance Requirements for Monitors used in Evaluations of
National Ambient Air Quality Standards."

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. (Wood) 2021. Clean Air Status and Trends Network
(CASTNET) Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) Revision 9.4. Prepared for U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air and Radiation, Clean Air Markets Division, Washington,
DC. Contract No. 68HERH210006. Gainesville, FL. https://java.epa.gov/castnet/documents.do.

Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. (Wood) 2020. Clean Air Status and Trends Network
(CASTNET) Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) Revision 9.3. Prepared for U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air and Radiation, Clean Air Markets Division, Washington,
DC. Contract No. EP-W-16-015. Gainesville, FL. https://java.epa.gov/castnet/documents.do.

Youden, W.J. (Ku, H.H., ed). 1969. Precision Measurement and Calibration. NBS Special Publication
300-Volume 1. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

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Table 1 Data Validated to Level 3 through Fourth Quarter 2021

Calibration Months Number of Complete Number of
Group* Available Months Quarters Quarters

SE-4/MW-6f

July 2020-
June 2021

12

Quarter 3 2020 -
Quarter 2 2021

4

E-1/SE-5

August 2020 -
July 2021

12

Quarter 4 2020 -
Quarter 2 2021

3

MW-7/W-9

September 2020 -
August 2021

12

Quarter 4 2020 -
Quarter 2 2021

3

E-2/MW-8

October 2020 -
September 2021

12

Quarter 4 2020 -
Quarter 3 2021

4

E-3/W-10*

May 2020 -
April 2021

12

Quarter 3 2020 -
Quarter 1 2021

3

Notes: * The sites contained in each calibration group are listed in Table 2.

t Contains MCK131/231 co-located pair
* Contains ROM206 of the ROM406/ROM206 co-located pair

Table 2 Field Calibration Schedule for 2021

Calibration
Group

Months
Calibrated

Sites
Calibrated

Eastern Sites (22 Total)

E-1
(8 Sites)

February/August

BEL116, MD WSP144, NJ ARE128, PA PED108,VA
BWR139, MD CTH110, NY PSU106, PA VPI120,VA

E-2
(9 Sites)

April/October

ABT147, CT WST109, NH HWF187, NY1 WFM105, NY UND002, VT
ASH135, ME CAT 175, NY NIC001, NY EGB181,ON

E-3
(5 Sites)

May/November

KEF112, PA LRU 17, PA CDR119, WV
MKG113, PA PARI 07, WV

Southeastern Sites (11 Total)

SE-4
(7 Sites)

January/July

SND152, AL BFT142, NC COW137, NC SPD111,TN
GAS 153, GA CND125, NC DUK008, NC1

SE-5
(4 Sites)

February/August

CAD150, AR SUM156, FL
IRL141, FL CVL151, MS

Midwestern Sites (19 Total)

MW-6
(6 Sites)

January/July

CDZ171, KY MCK131, KY PNF126, NC1
CKT136, KY MCK231, KY ESP127,TN

MW-7
(9 Sites)

March/September

ALH157, IL STK138, IL RED004, MN OXF122, OH PRK134, Wl
BVL130, IL2 VIN140, IN DCP114, OH QAK172, OH

MW-8
(4 Sites)

April/October

SAL133, IN ANA115, Ml
HOX148, Ml UVL124, Ml

Western Sites (12 Total)

W-9
(5 Sites)

March/September

KNZ184, KS CHE185, OK ALC188, TX
KIC003, KS SAN 189, NE

W-10
(7 Sites)

May/November

GTH161, CO NPT006, ID UMA009, WA PND165, WY3
ROM206, CO3 PAL190, TX CNT169, WY

Notes: 1 Trace-level gas calibrations are performed quarterly in January, April, July, and October.

2Trace-level gas calibrations are performed quarterly in March, June, September, and December.
3Trace-level gas calibrations are performed quarterly in February, May, August, and November.

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Table 3 Data Quality Indicators for CASTNET Continuous Measurements

Measurement

Criteria1

Parameter2

Method

Precision

Accuracy

Filter pack flow

Mass flow controller

± 10%

± 5%

Ozone3

UV absorbance

All points within ± 2% of full scale of best fit
straight line
Linearity error < 5%

Wind speed

Anemometer

± 0.5 m/s

The greater of ± 0.5 m/s
for winds < 5 m/s or
± 5% for winds > 5 m/s

Wind direction

Wind vane

O
LD

+l

O
LD

+l

Sigma theta

Wind vane

Undefined

Undefined

Ambient temperature

Platinum RTD

± 1,0°C

± 0.5°C

Delta temperature

Platinum RTD

± 0.5°C

± 0.5°C

Relative humidity

Thin film capacitor

± 10% (of full scale)

± 10%

Precipitation

Tipping bucket rain
gauge

± 10% (of reading)

± 0.05 inch4

Solar radiation

Pyranometer

± 10% (of reading taken
at local noon)

± 10%

Surface wetness

Conductivity bridge

Undefined

Undefined

Notes: °C = degrees Celsius

m/s = meters per second

RTD = resistance-temperature device

UV = ultraviolet

Precision criteria apply to co-located instruments, and accuracy criteria apply to calibration of instruments. Co-located precision
criteria do not apply to CASTNET sites that are configured and operated in accordance with Part 58 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (EPA, 2020)

^Meteorological parameters are only measured at five of the EPA-sponsored CASTNET sites: IRL141, FL: BVL130, IL; BEL116, MD;
CHE185, OK; and PND165, WY.

3Ozone is not measured at eight EPA-sponsored CASTNET sites: KIC003, KS; KNZ184, KS; RED004, MN; EGB181, ON; CAT175, NY;
NIC001, NY; WFM105, NY; and UND002, VT.

4For target value of 0.50 inch

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Table 4 Data Quality Indicators for CASTNET Laboratory Measurements





Precision1

Accuracy2
(%)

Nominal
Reporting Limits

Analyte

Method

(MARPD)

mg/L

fig/Filter

Ammonium (NH4+)

AC

20

90-110

0.020*

0.5

Sodium (Na+)

ICP-OES

20

95-105

0.005

0.125

Potassium (K+)

ICP-OES

20

95-105

0.006

0.15

Magnesium (Mg2+)

ICP-OES

20

95-105

0.003

0.075

Calcium (Ca2+)

ICP-OES

20

95-105

0.006

0.15

Chloride (CI")

IC

20

95-105

0.020

0.5

Nitrate (N03)

IC

20

95-105

0.008*

0.2

Sulfate (S024)

IC

20

95-105

0.040

1.0

Notes: 1 This column lists precision goals for both network precision calculated from co-located filter samples and laboratory precision
based on replicate samples for samples > five times the reporting limit. The criterion is ± the reporting limit if the sample is < five
times the reporting limit.

2	This column lists laboratory accuracy goals based on reference standards and continuing calibration verification spikes. The criterion
is 90-110 percent for ICP-OES reference standards.

3	The reporting limit for sulfate on cellulose filters is 0.080 mg/L (2.0 |jg/filter).

AC	= automated colorimetry

IC	= ion chromatography

ICP-OES = inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry
MARPD = mean absolute relative percent difference
mg/L = milligrams per liter
Mg/Filter = micrograms per filter
*	= as nitrogen

Values are rounded according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E29-08, "Standard Practice for Using Significant
Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications" (ASTM, 2008).

For more information on analytical methods and associated precision and accuracy criteria, see the CASTNET QAPP, (Wood, 2020; 2021).

Table 5 Ozone Critical Criteria*

Type of Check

Analyzer Response

Zero

Less than + 3.1 parts per billion (ppb)

Span

Less than + 7.1 percent between supplied and observed concentrations

Single Point QC

Less than + 7.1 percent between supplied and observed concentrations

Notes: * Applies to CASTNET sites that are configured and operated in accordance with Part 58 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (EPA, 2020). The minimum frequency for these checks is once every two weeks.

Values are rounded according to ASTM E29-08, "Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance
with Specifications" (ASTM, 2008).

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Table 6 Trace-level Gas Monitoring Critical Criteria*

Parameter

Analyzer Response

Zero Check

Span Check / Single Point QC Check

SO,

Less than + 1.51 ppb

Less than + 10.1 percent between supplied and observed
concentrations

NOy

Less than + 1.51 ppb

CO

Less than + 30.1 ppb

Notes: *Applies to CASTNET sites that are configured and operated in accordance with Part 58 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(EPA, 2020). The minimum frequency for these checks is once every two weeks.

Values are rounded according to ASTM E29-08, "Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine
Conformance with Specifications" (ASTM, 2008).

SOz = sulfur dioxide

NOy = total reactive oxides of nitrogen

CO = carbon monoxide

ppb = parts per billion

Table 7 QC Analysis Count for First Quarter 2021

Filter
Type

Parameter

RF
Sample
Count

CCV
Sample
Count

RP
Sample
Count

MB
Sample
Count

LB
Sample
Count

FB
Sample
Count

Teflon

so24

75

211

87

19

26

97



no3

75

211

87

19

26

97



NH+4

38

179

88

19

26

101



cr

75

211

87

19

26

97



^ 2+

Ca

38

194

88

19

26

101



• . 2 +

Mg

38

194

88

19

26

101



Na+

38

194

88

19

26

101



K+

38

194

88

19

26

101

Nylon

S024

58

203

82

18

26

100



no3

58

203

82

18

26

100

Cellulose

S024

51

184

84

19

26

100

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Table 8 QC Analysis Count for Second Quarter 2021

Filter
Type

Parameter

RF
Sample
Count

CCV
Sample
Count

RP
Sample
Count

MB
Sample
Count

LB
Sample
Count

FB
Sample
Count

Teflon

so24

75

211

83

18

24

97



no3

75

211

83

18

24

97



NH+4

36

171

82

18

22

93



cr

75

211

83

18

24

97



~ 2+

Ca

36

188

82

18

22

93



• . 2 +

Mg

36

188

82

18

22

93



Na+

36

188

82

18

22

93



K+

36

188

82

18

22

93

Nylon

S024

54

203

88

18

24

94



no3

54

203

88

18

24

94

Cellulose

S024

51

192

88

20

24

94

Table 9 QC Analysis Count for Third Quarter 2021

Filter
Type

Parameter

RF
Sample
Count

CCV
Sample
Count

RP
Sample
Count

MB
Sample
Count

LB
Sample
Count

FB
Sample
Count

Teflon

so24

63

182

74

15

24

47



no3

63

182

74

15

24

47



NH+4

30

141

71

15

22

47



cr

63

182

74

15

24

47



~ 2+

Ca

30

161

71

15

22

47



• . 2 +

Mg

30

161

71

15

22

47



Na+

30

161

71

15

22

47



K+

30

161

71

15

22

47

Nylon

so24

45

178

75

15

24

47



no3

45

178

75

15

24

47

Cellulose

S024

53

171

74

16

22

47

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 10 QC Analysis Count for Fourth Quarter 2021

Filter
Type

Parameter

RF
Sample
Count

CCV
Sample
Count

RP
Sample
Count

MB
Sample
Count

LB
Sample
Count

FB
Sample
Count

Teflon

so24

69

197

81

17

24

54



no3

69

197

81

17

24

54



NH+4

36

159

79

17

22

54



cr

69

197

81

17

24

54



~ 2+

Ca

39

193

90

19

24

89



• . 2 +

Mg

39

193

90

19

24

89



Na+

39

193

90

19

24

89



K+

39

193

90

19

24

89

Nylon

S024

41

174

77

14

24

64



no3

41

174

77

14

24

64

Cellulose

S024

53

180

79

15

24

92

Table 11 Filter Pack Receipt Summary for 2021

Description

First Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Annual
Summary

Count of samples received
more than 14 days after
removal from tower:

231

73

38

27

369

Count of all samples received:

611

743

685

710

2749

Fraction of samples received
within 14 days:

0.622

0.902

0.945

0.962

0.866

Average interval in days:

14.309

8.382

7.409

8.066

9.542*

First receipt date:

01/07/2021

04/01/2021

07/01/2021

10/04/2021

01/07/2021

Last receipt date:

03/18/2021

06/24/2021

09/14/2021

12/21/2021

12/21/2021

Note: Sample shipments for the Egbert, Ontario site (EGB181) are in groups of four. Samples associated with EGB181 are excluded from this
statistic.

*annual average

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 12 Filter Pack QC Summary for 2021

Filter Type

Parameter

Reference
Sample1 Recovery (%R)

Continuing Calibration
Verification Samples (%R)

In-Run Replicate2
(RPD)

Mean

Std. Dev.

m

C
13

o
u

Mean

Std. Dev.

m

C
13

o
u

Mean

Std. Dev.

m

C
13

o
u

Teflon

sot

102.02

1.31

290

101.05

1.38

825

0.85

0.83

336

no3

101.16

1.48

290

99.40

1.20

825

1.32

1.40

336

nh;

99.93

1.83

146

99.97

1.13

678

0.58

0.71

335

CI"

100.69

1.46

290

100.91

1.77

825

1.85

1.66

336

Ca2+

101.13

2.24

145

100.64

1.00

747

1.89

2.74

336

Mg"

99.76

1.47

145

99.90

0.82

747

1.92

2.05

336

Na+

96.96

1.17

145

99.89

0.92

747

1.27

1.61

336

K+

97.77

1.52

145

99.92

0.79

747

2.21

2.48

336

Nylon

so24

101.67

1.35

201

100.36

1.50

770

4.18

3.88

327

no3

101.08

1.43

201

99.52

2.04

770

2.05

2.17

327

Cellulose

so24

101.09

1.01

212

100.42 0.84

732

1.65

1.87 331

Notes: % R = percent recovery

RPD = relative percent difference

'Results of reference sample analyses provide accuracy estimates
^Results of replicate analyses provide precision estimates
^Number of QC Samples

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 13 Precision Results for Third Quarter 2016 through Second Quarter 2021

Quarter

S024

no3

nh;

2+

Ca

» A 2+

Mg

Na +

K +

cr

hno3

S02

Total

no3

MCK131/231, KY

2020 Q3

2.46

6.01

3.73

5.74

3.79

4.65

2.81

0.21

2.77

4.49

2.74

2020 Q4

7.07

8.76

7.46

7.98

5.85

6.40

9.73

5.41

9.86

6.00

8.12

2021 Q1

2.08

5.21

3.85

7.14

5.60

3.29

3.41

8.92

7.97

4.19

2.70

2021 Q2

2.39

7.96

2.81

8.19

9.12

2.79

14.01

0.39

3.14

1.92

3.48

Average

3.50

6.99

4.46

7.26

6.09

4.28

7.49

3.73

5.94

4.15

4.26

ROM406/206, CO

2020 Q3

3.21

7.92

7.30

7.38

9.22

4.67

5.94

13.41

5.53

6.79

4.59

2020 Q4

7.27

9.52

12.24

10.03

13.08

11.63

10.36

18.97

4.97

12.27

4.86

2021 Q1*

5.03

11.03

7.19

11.97

16.53

10.84

22.90

21.47

14.24

9.93

8.86

2021 Q2

3.61

9.35

6.92

7.86

9.55

14.28

9.48

13.86

9.84

17.58

5.18

Average

4.78

9.46

8.41

9.31

12.10

10.36

12.17

16.93

8.65

11.64

5.87

Notes: 2 of 88 site-quarter-parameters were outside criterion

*As noted in Table 4, the 20 percent criterion only applies to values greater than or equal to five times the reporting limit; otherwise,
the criterion is ± the reporting limit. The quarterly averages met this criterion.

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 14 Ozone QC Summary for Fourth Quarter 2021 (1 of 2)

% Single Single Zero
% Span Point QC Point QC % Zero Average
Site ID Pass1 Span |%D|2 Pass1 |%D|2 Pass1 (ppb)2

ABT147, CT

100.00

0.34

100.00

0.35

100.00

0.13

ALC188, TX

100.00

1.32

100.00

1.12

100.00

0.35

ALH157, IL

100.00

0.78

100.00

1.08

100.00

0.16

ANA115, Ml

100.00

1.43

100.00

2.32

100.00

1.06

ARE128, PA

100.00

1.03

100.00

1.00

100.00

0.18

ASH135, ME

82.35

8.12

82.35

8.02

100.00

0.25

BEL116, MD

100.00

1.31

100.00

1.22

100.00

0.57

BFT142, NC

100.00

0.75

100.00

0.99

100.00

0.37

BVL130, IL

100.00

5.66

97.89

5.79

100.00

0.17

BWR139, MD

100.00

0.96

100.00

1.23

98.95

0.37

CAD150, AR

100.00

2.26

98.53

2.60

100.00

0.37

CDR119, WV

100.00

1.21

100.00

1.18

100.00

0.24

CDZ171, KY

98.92

1.59

100.00

0.67

100.00

0.29

CKT136, KY

100.00

0.50

100.00

0.54

100.00

0.12

CND125, NC

100.00

1.66

98.90

1.68

98.90

0.92

CNT169, WY

100.00

0.69

100.00

0.48

100.00

0.25

COW137, NC

100.00

0.52

100.00

0.98

98.97

0.52

CTH110, NY

100.00

2.75

100.00

2.85

100.00

0.14

CVL151, MS

100.00

1.15

100.00

0.66

100.00

0.30

DCP114, OH

100.00

1.31

100.00

1.29

100.00

0.91

ESP127, TN

100.00

0.87

100.00

0.96

100.00

0.25

GAS 153, GA

92.47

9.82

92.47

9.23

97.89

1.25

GTH161, CO

100.00

0.82

100.00

1.16

100.00

0.20

HOX148, Ml

100.00

1.43

100.00

1.61

100.00

0.16

HWF187, NY

98.94

2.82

98.94

1.94

100.00

0.46

IRL141, FL

100.00

1.98

100.00

2.62

100.00

0.83

KEF112, PA

100.00

0.94

100.00

0.82

100.00

0.15

LRU 17, PA

100.00

1.19

100.00

1.13

100.00

0.32

MCK131, KY

100.00

1.53

98.94

1.73

100.00

0.19

MCK231, KY

100.00

0.38

100.00

0.53

100.00

0.17

MKG113, PA

100.00

1.32

100.00

2.07

100.00

0.25

NPT006, ID

98.90

2.42

100.00

1.56

100.00

0.19

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 14 Ozone QC Summary for Fourth Quarter 2021 (2 of 2)

% Single Single Zero
% Span Point QC Point QC % Zero Average
Site ID Pass1 Span |%D|2 Pass1 |%D|2 Pass1 (ppb)2

OXF122, OH

100.00

0.88

100.00

1.27

100.00

0.52

PAL190, TX

98.92

3.71

100.00

3.08

100.00

0.24

PARI 07, WV

100.00

1.30

100.00

1.31

100.00

0.24

PED108, VA

100.00

0.83

100.00

1.15

100.00

0.32

PND165, WY

95.51

6.09

95.51

6.29

100.00

0.17

PNF126, NC

95.65

3.96

95.65

2.83

95.65

2.27

PRK134, Wl

100.00

0.64

100.00

0.70

100.00

0.17

PS U106, PA

100.00

0.53

100.00

0.78

100.00

0.17

QAK172, OH

96.97

3.43

93.88

5.52

93.88

2.19

ROM206, CO

98.95

0.81

98.95

1.06

100.00

0.17

SAL133, IN

100.00

0.57

100.00

0.55

100.00

0.22

SAN 189, NE

100.00

1.57

100.00

1.22

100.00

0.23

SND152, AL

100.00

0.49

100.00

0.83

100.00

0.38

SPD111, TN

100.00

0.66

97.85

5.49

100.00

0.15

STK138, IL

97.85

2.03

97.85

4.34

97.85

1.89

SUM156, FL

100.00

2.63

100.00

2.19

100.00

0.17

UMA009, WA

100.00

1.61

100.00

1.51

100.00

0.27

UVL124, Ml

97.92

3.33

100.00

1.17

100.00

0.21

VIN140, IN

100.00

0.90

100.00

1.22

100.00

0.35

VPI120, VA

100.00

0.74

100.00

0.76

100.00

0.17

WSP144, NJ

100.00

0.99

100.00

0.87

100.00

0.22

WST109, NY

98.94

0.65

100.00

0.43

100.00

0.23

Notes: 'Percentage of comparisons that pass the criteria listed in Table 5. Values falling below 90 percent are addressed in Table 15.

^Absolute value of the average percent differences between the on-site transfer standard and the site monitor. Values exceeding the

criteria listed in Table 5 are addressed in Table 15.

%D = percent difference
ppb = parts per billion

Table 15 Ozone QC Observations for Fourth Quarter 2021

Site ID

QC Criterion

Comments

ASH135, ME

% Span Pass

The ozone sample pump failed on 11/3/2021 and was



Span |%D|

replaced 11/12/2021.



% Single Point QC Pass





Single Point QC |%D|



GAS 153, GA

Span |%D|

Single Point QC |%D|

The sample pump failed from 10/24/2021 to
10/27/2021.

Note: %D = percent difference

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 16 Trace-level Gas QC Summary for Fourth Quarter 2021

Parameter

% Span
Pass1

Span |%D|2

% Single
Point QC
Pass1

Single Point
QC |%D|2

% Zero
Pass1

Zero
Average
(ppb)2

BVL130, IL

S02

100.00

1.33

100.00

1.67

100.00

0.37

NOy

100.00

0.98

100.00

1.47

100.00

0.55

CO

92.31

2.76

57.69

22.82

52.83

52.02

DUK008, NC

NOy

100.00

2.49

100.00

2.26

100.00

0.34

HWF187, NY

NOy

100.00

2.69

100.00

2.85

98.00

0.62

PND165, WY

NOy

100.00

2.99

100.00

4.43

100.00

0.30

PNF126, NC

NOy

100.00

1.17

100.00

2.70

100.00

0.21

ROM206, CO

NOy

100.00

2.38

100.00

4.93

100.00

0.11

Notes: 'Percentage of comparisons that pass the criteria listed in Table 6. Values falling below 90 percent are addressed in Table 17.

^Absolute value of the average percent differences between the supplied and observed concentrations. Values exceeding the criteria
listed in Table 6 are addressed in Table 17.

%D = percent difference
ppb = parts per billion

Table 17 Trace-level Gas QC Observations for Fourth Quarter 2021

Site ID

Parameter

QC Criterion

Comments

BVL130, IL

CO

% Single Point QC Pass

The CO analyzer malfunctioned and was replaced





Single Point QC |%D|

in December 2021.





% Zero Pass







Zero Average



Notes: %D = percent difference

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 18 Summary of Filter Blanks for 2021 (1 of 2)

Parameter Name

Detection

Limit
Total (xg

Total
Number

Number >
Detection
Limit

Average
Total |xg

Average
Absolute
Deviation

Maximum
Total |xg

FIELD BLANKS

Teflon-NH+4-N

0.500

336

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Teflon- N03-N

0.200

336

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Teflon- SO*"

1.000

336

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

cr

0.500

336

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Ca2+

0.150

336

3

0.150

0.001

0.225

Mg"

0.075

336

0

0.075

0.000

0.075

Na +

0.125

336

0

0.125

0.000

0.125

K +

0.150

336

9

0.151

0.002

0.215

Nylon- N03-N

0.200

336

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Nylon - S0'4

1.000

336

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

Cellulose - SO^

2.000

336

47

2.110

0.191

8.910

LABORATORY BLANKS

Teflon-NH+4-N

0.500

104

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Teflon- N03-N

0.200

104

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Teflon- SO4

1.000

104

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

cr

0.500

104

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Ca2+

0.150

104

1

0.150

0.000

0.155

Mg"

0.075

104

0

0.075

0.000

0.075

Na +

0.125

104

0

0.125

0.000

0.125

K +

0.150

104

2

0.151

0.001

0.180

Nylon- N03-N

0.200

104

1

0.201

0.003

0.340

Nylon -S024

1.000

104

3

1.009

0.018

1.475

Cellulose -SO4

2.000

104

0

2.000

0.000

2.000

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 18 Summary of Filter Blanks for 2021 (2 of 2)

Parameter Name

Detection

Limit
Total (xg

Total
Number

Number >
Detection
Limit

Average
Total |xg

Average
Absolute
Deviation

Maximum
Total |xg

METHOD BLANKS

Teflon-NH+4-N

0.500

72

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Teflon- N03-N

0.200

72

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Teflon- SO*"

1.000

72

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

cr

0.500

72

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Ca2+

0.150

72

0

0.150

0.000

0.150

Mg"

0.075

72

0

0.075

0.000

0.075

Na +

0.125

72

0

0.125

0.000

0.125

K +

0.150

72

0

0.150

0.000

0.150

Nylon- N03-N

0.200

66

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Nylon -S024

1.000

66

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

Cellulose -SO4

2.000

72

0

2.000

0.000

2.000

ACCEPTANCE TEST VALUES1

Teflon-NH+4-N

0.500

192

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Teflon- N03-N

0.200

192

0

0.200

0.000

0.200

Teflon- SO4

1.000

192

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

cr

0.500

192

0

0.500

0.000

0.500

Ca2+

0.150

192

0

0.150

0.000

0.150

Mg"

0.075

192

0

0.075

0.000

0.075

Na +

0.125

192

0

0.125

0.000

0.125

K +

0.150

192

0

0.150

0.000

0.150

Nylon- N03-N

0.200

240

2

0.201

0.002

0.358

Nylon -S024

1.000

240

0

1.000

0.000

1.000

Cellulose -SO4

2.000

377

43

2.172

0.305

7.030

Note: 'Only filter batches passing QC requirements are used for sampling and analysis.

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 19 Filter Packs Flagged as Suspect or Invalid

Site ID

Sample

Reason

First Quarter 2021

CAT 175, NY

2107001-11

Power failures

MEV405, CO

2107003-15

Power failure

NPT006, ID

2106004-04

Power failure

PED108, VA

2107001-39

Power failure

SHE604, WY

2107005-05

Power failure

SUM156, FL

2106001-50

Suspected contamination during sampling

Second Quarter 2021

ALC188, TX

2121004-01

Power failures affected two weeks of sampling.

BBE401, TX

2118003-02

Insufficient flow volume was caused by a flow
system leak.

BUF603, WY

2121005-02

The data logger malfunctioned.

CDR119, WV

2119001-12

A power failure affected one week of sampling.

CHE185, OK

2117004-02

The sample was invalidated for suspect data.

FOR605, WY

2118005-03

A polling issue caused missing data. Data were
subsequently recovered.

JOT403, CA

2118003-12

A polling issue caused missing data. Data were
subsequently recovered.

LRU 17, PA

2115001-31

The sample was invalidated for suspect data.

PIN414, CA

2118003-17

Insufficient flow volume was caused by a flow
system leak.

PND165, WY

2120001-40

The data logger malfunctioned.

Third Quarter 2021

CAD150, AR

2129001-10

Filter pack was invalidated for suspect data.

CDR119, WV

2128001-12

Particles were observed on filters downstream



2129001-12

from the Teflon filter.

FOR605, WY

2128005-03

Power failure

JOT403, CA

2131003-12

A polling issue caused missing data. Data were
subsequently recovered.

PIN414, CA

2130003-17

Flow data were flagged as invalid by ARS.

QAK172, OH

2128001-44

The site sustained storm damage.

Fourth Quarter 2021

BVL130, IL

2142001-08

Cellulose filter results invalidated as suspect.

CND125, NC

2146001-15

MFC failed during the sampling period. New
MFC installed 11/16/2021.

GRS420, TN

2144003-11

Failing flow pump

IRL141, FL

2143001-28

Cellulose filter results invalidated as suspect.

KEF112, PA

2144001-29

The Balston filter was saturated, resulting in
insufficient flow volume.

KIC003, KS

2146004-03

Power failure

THR422, ND

2144003-21
2145003-21

Flow system leak

WNC429, SD

2144003-23

Flow system leak

Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 20 Field Problems Affecting Data Collection

Days to Resolution

Problem Count

First Quarter 2021

30

218

60

5

90

2

Unresolved by End of Quarter

3

Second Quarter 2021

30

401

60

8

90

2

Unresolved by End of Quarter

39

Third Quarter 2021

30

463

60

1

90

2

Unresolved by End of Quarter

4

Fourth Quarter 2021

30

238

60

8

90

4

Unresolved by Date of Publication

25

Table 21 Field Calibration Failures by Parameter for 2021

Site ID

Parameter(s)

Quarter

ALC188, TX

Temperature (ambient)

Q1



Flow Rate

Q3

CAT 175, NY

Flow Rate

Q3

CND125, NC

Flow Rate

Q3

OXF122, OH

Flow Rate

Q3

PAL190, TX

Flow Rate

Q4

IRL141, FL

Wind speed/direction

Q1



Solar radiation*

Q3

Note: Per CASTNET project protocols, data for all parameters except flow are flagged as

"suspect" (S) but still considered valid if the calibration criterion is not exceeded by more
than its magnitude (i.e., if within two times the criterion). If flow calibrations fall within
two times the criterion, these data are adjusted per approved protocol described in the
CASTNET QAPP, (Wood, 2020; 2021). Please refer to Table 15 for documentation of the
QC failures affecting the validity of ozone data.

*Failure was due to a faulty transfer standard and was disregarded.

Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH2W0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 2021 Annual Summary

Table 22 Accuracy Results for 2021 Field Measurements

Parameter

Percent Within Criterion

Flow Rate

96.2

Wind Speed < 5 m/s

100.0

Wind Speed > 5 m/s*

87.5

Wind Direction North

100.0

Wind Direction South*

100.0

Temperature (0°C)

100.0

Temperature (ambient)

99.2

Delta Temperature (0°C)

100.0

Delta Temperature (ambient)

100.0

Relative Humidity

100.0

Precipitation

100.0

Solar Radiation*

87.5

Wetness (w/in 0.5 volts)

100.0

Notes: °C = degrees Celsius

m/s = meters per second

* = Per CASTNET project protocols, data are flagged as "suspect" (S) but still considered valid if the
calibration criterion is not exceeded by more than its magnitude (i.e., if within two times the
criterion). All calibration failures reported in 2021 for the indicated parameters were within two
times the criterion with the exception of wind speed at IRL141, FL and flow rate at ALC188, TX,
CAT175, NY, OXF122, OH, and PAL190, TX. Associated data were invalidated.

Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 1 Reference Standard Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (percent recovery)

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-------
EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 2 Continuing Calibration Spike Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (percent recovery)

Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 3 Replicate Sample Analysis Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (percent difference)

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

26 of 31


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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 4 Percent Completeness of Measurements for Second Quarter 2020 through Third Quarter 2021*

Average for Continuous Measurements

Wetness
Scalar Wind Speed
Flow Rate
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Wind Direction
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Ozone
Solar Radiation
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70 75 80 85 90 95 100

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 5 Laboratory Control Sample Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (percent recovery)

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 6 Method Blank Analysis Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (total micrograms)

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

29 of 31


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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2021 with 202 1 Annual Summary

Figure 7 Laboratory Blank Analysis Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (total micrograms)

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

30 of 31


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EPA Contract No. 68HERH21D0006

CASTNET Quality Assurance Report - Fourth Quarter 2027 with 202 7 Annual Summary

Figure 8 Field Blank Analysis Results for Fourth Quarter 2021 (total micrograms)

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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. - Project No. 6064216003

3 7 of 31


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