U.S. EPA REGION 8
YEAR IN REVIEW

2019


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U.S. EPA REGION 8

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

Message from The Region 8 Administrator 4

Region 8 Highlights	5

IMPROVING AIR QUALITY

Salt Lake City and Provo	6

Missoula and Helena	6

SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE

Exceptional Project Award Recipient	7

ACCELERATING SUPERFUND CLEANUPS /
EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Silver Bow Creek Butte Area	8

Ogden Swift Building Removal Action	-9

Anaconda Smelter	10

Bonita Peak Mining District	10

East Helena Superfund Redevelopment	10

Colorado Smelter	11

REVITALIZE LAND

Brownfields Highlights	12

PROVIDE FOR CLEAN AND SAFE WATER

NPDES/UIC New Permit Application Backlog 18

Laboratory Co-location	18

ENFORCEMENT

U.S. Magnesium Site	19

Chevron U.S.A. Settlement	19
Highpoint Operating Corporation Settlement 19

Sinclair Oil Settlement	19

Taking Action to Reduce Lead Exposure	19

PUBLIC COMMUNICATION

Collaborative Efforts	20

Enhancing Community Involvement	20

FOSTERING STATE AND EPA PARTNERSHIPS

State Director's Meeting	21

North Dakota Self-Audit MOA	21
Interstate Oil and Gas Compact

Commission Meeting	21

Tribal Relations	21
Pediatric Environmental Health

Specialty Unit	22

South Dakota Agriculture Tour	22

Addressing Harmful Algai Biooms	13

Addressing Emerging Contaminants in Water	13

Protecting Transboundry Waters	14

FOOD RECOVERY

Montana DEQ Food Recovery Challange	16

Focus on Food Waste Reduction	16

Materials Diversion Initiative	16

USING ELMS TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY
AND EFFECTIVENESS

New Source Review Permit Backlog	17
Streamlining Administrative Enforcement at

Tribal Facilities	17

NEPA	17

Quality Assurance	17

Water Quality Standards	18

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U.S. EPA REGION 8

MESSAGE FROM
THE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATOR

Gregory Sop kin

I am pleased to present EPA Region 8's 2019 End-of-Year Report highlighting our
work to protect human health and the environment across some of the nation's
most vibrant landscapes and communities. Over the past year, EPA's programs
have focused on becoming more efficient and strengthening our partnerships with
our six states and 27 tribal nations. We have done so in many ways—some high-
profile and well-publicized, and some below-the-radar but no less meaningful.
The following pages provide examples of our progress and the investments
we are making with our many federal, state, tribal and local partners. They are
representative of a much longer list of results-oriented successes and reflect the
power of collaboration and the dedication of EPA's regional staff. I want to thank
you for taking the time to review our 2019 achievements and look toward the
progress we will realize in 2020 with great anticipation.

GREGORY SOPKIN
Regional Administrator


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HGH LIGHTS

Missoula and Helena areas
of Montana attain Air Quality
Standard for 24hr PM10, S02
and Lead. \

Butte to start delist!
process for portions of the
site by 2024

Signed MOA with NDDEQ regarding
self-audits to encourage greater

Toured Ethanol
Plant and held
Ag Round Table.

Provo and Salt Lake City
areas of Utah attain National
Ambient Air Quality Sta
for PM2.5.

Utah awarded $10
in grants for projects
to reduce NOx, VOC
and PM.

ull deletion of
ry Bridge
uperfund Site.

Bonita Peak Mining District
adopts Adaptive Mangement
Model,

$12 million to Colorado
Smelter to accelerate
cleanup process.

120 Brownfield Properties in
Region 8 made ready for use. A

100% year over year' ^crease.

116,000 tons of food and or-
ganics diverted from landfills
within Region 8.


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IMPROVING
AIR QUAliTY

SALT LAKE CITY AND PROVO ACHIEVE
ATTAINMENT

On April 10, 2019, and September 27, 2019, EPA finalized
approval of Clean Data Determinationsforthe Provoand
Salt Lake City fine particulate (PM2.5) nonattainrrient
areas. These approvals mean the Wasatch Front in Utah
has attained the 24-hour PM2.5 National Ambient Air
Quality Standard (NAAQS) after exceeding the standard
for the prior 13 years. The determinations were based
on certified air monitoring data from 2.015-2017 (Provo)
and 2016-2018 (Salt Lake City).

Prior to 2019, Region 8 worked with Utah to develop
the Salt Lake City Serious PM2..5 State Implementation
Plan, which included: an attainment demonstration,
contingency measures, reasonable further progress,
motor vehicle emission budgets, best available
control measures (BACM), and best available
control technologies (BACT) for sources within the
nonattainment area. Additionally, Utah submitted
BACM/BACT for the Provo Serious PM2.5 nonattainment
area. These measures, in addition to enhanced vehicle
emissions testing programs and budgets, and the state's
wood-burning bans, contributed to the areas coming
into attainment with the NAAQS. This major success
story reflects the strong partnerships between EPA, the
State of Utah and local entities.

MISSOULA AND HELENA RE-DESIGNATIONS
TO ATTAINMENT

In 2019, EPA re-designated and approved the
maintenance plans for three Nonattainment Areas
(NAAs) in the State of Montana. These NAAs were: the
Missoula 1987 24-hour PM10 NAA; the East Helena
1971 S02 NAA; and the East Helena 1978 lead NAA.
The re-designation of these three areas highlights the
success of local, state, and federal partnerships to
improve air quality and emphasizes the importance
of early engagement on draft State Implementation
Plans. The two East Helena re-designation requests,
final approval of the redesignation request, and
accompanying maintenance plans occurred within 11
months from the date of submission. The Missoula
PM10 redesignation reflects the collaboration between
Montana and the Region's Air and Radiation Division
(ARD) in making necessary revisions so the ARD could
approve the redesignation and maintenance plan
within eight months.

The East Helena S02. NAA redesignation was a
unique rulemaking as this re-designation terminated
emissions offset and highway funding sanctions that
had been in place for this nonattainment area since
1995.


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SUPPORTING
INFRASTRUCTURE

EXCEPTIONAL PROJECT AWARD RECIPIENT

The South Dakota Department of Environment
and Natural Resources is a 2019 EPA Clean Water
State Revolving Fund PISCES Exceptional Project
award recipient for wastewater treatment facility
improvements completed in the City of Dell Rapids.
The City's treatment facility was failing to meet effluent
limits for discharges to the Big Sioux River, which
provides source water to neighboring communities
and is commonly used for recreation. After evaluating
several alternatives, the City settled on installing a
sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to ensure the treatment
system was easily expandable and adaptable to future
needs. The SBR, an inlet works building, and ultraviolet
disinfection system were completed in August of 2018
and are now providing more effective treatment and
improving water quality in the Big Sioux River. These
improvements create a cleaner, safer, healthier and
more sustainable environment for the City of Deli
Rapids, downstream communities, and fish and wildlife.


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ACCELERATING
SUPERFUND CLEANUPS /
EMERGENCY RESPONSE

SILVER BOW CREEK/BUTTE AREA

EPA, the State of Montana, Butte-Silver Bow County, and
the Atlantic Richfield Company continued developing
the documents necessary for a consent decree for
the Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit at the Silver Bow
Creek/Butte Area Superfund site, an Administrator's
Emphasis List site. EPA published a Proposed Plan for
amending the Butte Priority Soils Record of Decision
in April 2019 and held two public meetings on April
23 and May 23 to discuss the proposed changes and
accept verbal comments. EPA accepted written public
comments throughout the public comment period,
which was extended by request to 90 days, through
July 11. EPA is currently reviewing comments and

developing a draft amendment to the 2006 Record
of Decision. Regional Administrator Sopkin also
toured the Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area site and met
with local elected officials and key stakeholders. The
Regional Administrator was instrumental in helping
the community's Technical Advisory Group secure a
grant to evaluate the feasibility of the community's
desire to have a meandering upper portion of Silver
Bow Creek compatible with the final remedial action.

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OGDEN SWIFT BUILDING REMOVAL ACTION

The Ogden Swift Building is a former meat packing plant
that was subsequently used by a chemical manufacturer
and as a warehouse to store surplus military equipment
and chemicals. The facility sits along the banks of
the Weber River in Ogden, Utah, and consisted of
four stories and a basement, totaling
approximately 260,000 square feet. In 2018,
the City of Ogden requested an EPA Targeted
Brownfields Assessment to determine the
feasibility of transforming the site into a
recreational and commercial resource.
The assessment documented more than
40,000 abandoned containers of hazardous
materials and initiated a comprehensive

time-critical removal action at the Ogden 	

Swift Building. EPA On-Scene Coordinators
(OSCs) led the team effort in coordination with the City
of Ogden, the Ogden Fire Chief, the Utah Department of
Environmental Quality and other Public Safety Officials.
EPA's response team collected, analyzed, treated,
and bulked the material in almost 98,000 abandoned

EPA's response
team collected,
analyzed, treated,
and bulked
the material in
almost 98,000
abandoned
containers.

containers. Inherently dangerous actions such as the
removal of hydrofluoric acid and the on-site treatment
of highly volatile chemicals (including burning of
rocket fuel, deactivation of water-reactive chemicals,
and cyanide destruction) required careful and rapid
planning as well as highly technical expertise.

In addition to these extensive removal
actions, EPA OSCs carefully documented
every step of the removal and shared
the results in a well-crafted web-based
Story Map. This improved community
knowledge of the response and allowed
EPA to share up-to-date data with local
officials in an easy-to-understand format.
The Story Map also includes informative
videos which explain the complicated
chemical treatment and removal processes
conducted at the site. To check out the latest updates
on the Ogden Swift Site, as well as explore the Story
Map, visit response.epa.gov/ogdenswiftbuilding.

EPA OSCs carefully documented every step of the
removal and shared the results in a well-crafted
web-based Story Map. This improved community
knowledge of the response and allowed EPA to
share up-to-date data with local officials in an
easy-to-understand format.

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ANACONDA SMELTER

The EPA Region 8 site team is working to develop the
documents needed for a final consent decree at the
Anaconda Smelter Superfund site in Montana, part of
the EPA Administrator's Emphasis List, by early 2020.
EPA released a Proposed Plan to amend the Regional
Water, Waste and Soils Operable Unit Record of Decision
on September 4, 2019. On September 17, the Regional
Administrator attended a public meeting as part of
the 30-day comment period and also met with elected
officials. The Atlantic Richfield Company also reached a
tentative agreement with Anaconda Deer Lodge County
on final funding and an operations and maintenance
plan for the Old Works Golf Course in September. EPA
is pursuing the partial deletion of two Operable Units
(OUs 11 and 15) by early 2020, and the full deletion of the
site by 2025. Region 8
also provided funds
and assisted with the
release of an Agency
for Toxic Substances
and Disease Registry
exposure study to
assess blood and urine
samples collected from
more than 300 volunteers. We also conducted a study of
vegetables grown locally in Anaconda residential gardens
in response to concerns from the community.

BONITA PEAK MINING DISTRICT

On May 20, 2019, EPA Region 8 signed an interim record
of decision (IROD) documenting remedial actions to be
taken at 23 source areas over the next 3-5 years at the
Bonita Peak Mining District (BPMD), an Administrator's
Emphasis List site. The region also developed sitewide
cleanup goals which will drive future investigation and
remedial actions. These goals are as follows: improve
water quality in four priority stream segments, minimize
unplanned releases, and stabilize source areas.

EPA is pursuing the partial deletion
of two Operable Units (OUs 11
and 15) by early 2020, and the full
deletion of the site by 2025.

The BPMD is also a pilot site for the national adaptive
management study program under the Superfund
Task Force. EPA's site has developed specific strategies
that will be incorporated into the Site Management
Plan. The development of this plan will lead to the
removal of the BPMD site from the Administrator's
Emphasis List, which is planned in 2020.

EAST HELENA SUPERFUND REDEVELOPMENT

The East Helena Smelter Site (ASARCO Lead Smelter)
was listed on the National Priorities List in 1984
due to lead and arsenic contamination in the
community's soils and arsenic in groundwater. In
2005, ASARCO filed for bankruptcy and in 2009 the
Montana Environmental Trust Group was appointed

as the Custodial Trustee to
complete cleanup at the site.
Over 2,000 acres of property
and $96 million were
transferred to the Trust.

Asa result of EPA's assistance
with East Helena's planning
and redevelopment efforts,
the site now hosts the state-of-the art Lewis & Clark
County Search and Rescue facility, the new Prickly
Pear Elementary School, the future site of the new
East Helena High School and a 300-home subdivision.
In addition, over 180 acres of the Prickly Pear Creek
floodplain have been restored, the Prickly Pear Land
Trust Greenway trail project will soon be a reality,

In the summer, Regional Administrator Sopkin visited the
site, accompanied by the Colorado Department of Public
Health and Environment's director of environmental
programs. During that visit, the RA met with senior
leaders from the U.S. Forest Service and Bureau of Land
Management and secured leadership commitments to
coordination, communication and collaboration on the
site cleanup. The RA also witnessed EPA's successful
effort to drill a directional well over 600 feet into the
American Tunnel under very challenging site conditions.
The data from the well wiil be analyzed to gain a better
understanding of groundwater movement in the mine
workings as well as the quality of the water within the
tunnel.


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and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working on a
restoration plan for 80 acres of migratory bird habitat
and native upland grasses. 240 acres of the site were
recently sold for commercial/mixed use redevelopment.
Collectively, these projects represent 700 acres
redeveloped or transitioned for redevelopment.
On August 22, 2019, EPA Region 8 presented the
Environmental Achievement Award for Excellence in
Site Reuse to the Montana Environmental Trust Group.
Certificates of Appreciation were also awarded to the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Montana Department
of Environmental Quality, the Montana Department of
Justice Natural Resource Damage Program, the Lewis &
Clark County Environmental Health Services Division, the
City of East Helena, East Helena Public Schools and the
Prickly Pear Land Trust.

COLORADO SMELTER

The National Gold Medal Award-winning site team
continued the accelerated pace of work on both the
Remedial Investigation (Rl) and Remedial Action at
the Colorado Smelter site in Pueblo, Colorado. This
includes extensive work for Operable Unit 1, Community
Properties, where lead and arsenic in outdoor soils and
indoor dust are at levels of concern for public health.
To date, Ri sampling indicates that approximately 49%
of properties require a soil cleanup and 34% require an
indoor dust cleanup. EPA's aggressive schedule targets
completion of approximately 850 soil and 520 indoor
dust cleanups by 2022. In partnership with the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers and their contractors, EPA also
successfully provided training for local job candidates
through the Superfund Jobs Training Initiative leading to
the hiring of six graduates for site-related jobs, in addition
to approximately 50 other local hires and subcontractors
working on cleanup and restoration activities.

The Rl for Operable Unit 2, the Former Smelter Area,
is progressing and will be coordinated with future
site reuse plans. The site team has been coordinating
with the Colorado Smelter Revitalization Project, a
group of community stakeholders on implementing
their Revitalization Plan, which includes specific
goals, strategies, and resources. Given the significant
congressional and local government interest in the
site, Regional Administrator Greg Sopkin met with local
elected officials, the Community Advisory Group, and
other stakeholders this summer.

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REVITALIZE
LAND

BROWNFIELDS HIGHLIGHTS

in 2019, 120 Browrifields properties in Region 8
were made Ready for Anticipated Use (RAU), a 100%
year-over-year increase compared to 2018. These
projects leveraged $122 million in redevelopment
investments and 906 local jobs. In one example in
Lakewood, Colorado, a $200,000 EPA grant to address
a chlorinated solvent plume leveraged $3.48 million
in tax credits and low-income housing financing and
paved the way for the development of 52 affordable
housing units at the Fifty Eight Hundred complex.

The Region 8 Brownfields team worked closely with
tribal partners to remediate 14 contaminated sites
in Indian country. In July 2019, the Turtle Mountain
Band of Chippewa Indians used a $200,000 grant to
clean up asbestos-containing materials in three badly
dilapidated buildings at the L'BelCour housing complex
in Belcourt, N.D. The neighborhood consists of 18
structures, with many of the housing units occupied
despite being in extremely poor condition and the
widespread presence of asbestos. In partnership with
EPA and HUD, the Tribe is moving forward with plans
to systematically clean up, demolish and replace all 18
structures while they also look to take advantage of the
area's new status as a Qualified Opportunity Zone.

EPA Region 8 also awarded $3.1 million in grantsto help
communities assess, clean up and reuse Brownfields in
future years in 2019.On June 5, Regional Administrator
Sopkin joined Utah DEQ
and local leaders in Orem,

Utah to announce the 2019
grants, including a $300,000
Brownfields Assessment
grant to further the City of
Orem's efforts to redevelop
vacant and underused
industrial properties along
Geneva Road.

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PROVIDE FOR

CLEAN AND SAFE WATER

ADDRESSING HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS

EPA Region 8 collaborated with the Turtle Mountain
Tribe to monitor and identify elevated algal toxin
concentrations in Belcourt Lake, a popular recreational
water for the Tribe. As a result, the Tribe developed
and will implement a robust sampling plan in 2020 to
evaluate sources of nutrient loading to the lake. The
goal of this project is to reduce nutrient loads, reduce
the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and
better inform the public of recreation risks.

Region 8's Laboratory continues to provide critical
support to states and tribes to address HABs and
advance the capability to protect residents from
their effects. The Region 8 Water Division and the
Laboratory have provided critical assistance in
assessing, responding to and communicating with the
public about HABs. Region 8's analytical support for
algal toxins (for both routine and emergency sampling)
is targeted to assist states and tribes who are unable
to analyze samples in local or private laboratories. This
assistance has included helping collect and rapidly
analyze samples for algal toxins and developing
communication tools to inform the public. The Water
Division also facilitated peer-to-peer learning that has
helped five of our six states collaborate with other state
agencies to develop state-wide HABs response plans.
We have helped states advance their own analytical
capabilities so that several of our states no longer rely
on the Region for analytical support. Region 8 has also
assisted Tribes in assessing HABs in Indian Country.
We held seven technical webinars during FY19 for
state and tribal staff to share the latest information
and research on HABs assessment and research.

ADDRESSING EMERGING CONTAMINANTS IN
DRINKING WATER

Region 8 focused on new efforts to address emerging
contaminants in drinking water. Public water suppliers
required to sample for unregulated contaminants may
find their finished water has levels of contaminants


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that exceed health advisories but are unregulated
under the Safe Drinking Water Act. To rectify this
regulatory gap, our Drinking Water Program advised
states on how to address these situations. Our advisory
document proved critical when 12 water systems in
our region identified levels of manganese in their
water above health advisories. Using the information
provided by Region 8, our state partners worked with
the water systems to notify these communities, and
in some cases determine that "Do Not Drink" orders
were appropriate. Our guidance resulted in more than
17,000 people quickly receiving information that their
water had manganese above health advisories.

Additionally, Region 8 also updated our states on new
health effects information for manganese in drinking
water. Recent studies show that manganese has
significant adverse health effects
on the developing fetus and young
infants at exposure levels below the
health advisory level for adults. This
new information served as the basis
of recommended language that
water systems could use in public
notices to notify customers of
high levels of manganese in water
supplies and actions consumers
could take to reduce exposure.

Working with our federal, state,
and local agencies is critical as we
address per- and polyfluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS) in drinking
water supplies. PFAS are a group
of unregulated contaminants
that potentially cause health
effects at very low levels. Region
8 assisted the State of Colorado
with communications and technical
support at two rural fire districts
where PFAS had contaminated private wells, as well
as several communities near Colorado Springs and an
urban water district near Denver. The Region 8 Water
Division also assisted the Region 8 Superfund program
in its review and approval of a remedial investigation
for PFAS by the Air Force at Ellsworth AFB in South
Dakota, where EPA is working to secure drinking water
sampling in the project work plan, as well as sampling in
fish, cattle, produce and residential soils. Approximately
250 people were provided bottled water by the Air
Force due to PFAS contaminated drinking water at the
site, and more permanent alternate water supplies are
being installed under a Time Critical Removal Action.

WATER DIVISION PROTECTS TRANSBOUNDARY
WATERS

The Region 8 Water Division isa leaderin transboundary
water quality issues, especially related to pollution in
Montana's Kootenai watershed and Lake Koocanusa
attributed to mining in British Columbia. In 2019, the
Water Division accomplished a significant milestone
by successfully facilitating collaborative transboundary
water quality monitoring. Coal mine pollutants
entering the U.S. waters are causing water and fish
tissue concentrations of selenium to exceed the
mining permit limits and EPA's recommended national
criterion for lakes. Sampling indicated that selenium in
water and fish tissue and nitrates in Lake Koocanusa
were increasing, prompting the need for increased
monitoring. This responsibility fell to the Montana
Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), where
limited monitoring resources meant
other important statewide monitoring
priorities would be unmet. Given that
the source of these pollutants is in
British Columbia, EPA recognized the
need to engage Canada in discussions
on sharing the cost of monitoring
impacts in the U.S. portion of the lake.

The Water Division facilitated
discussion with British Columbia,
MDEQ, the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers and the mining operator,
Teck Resources, to explore how to
collaborate to ensure high-priority
monitoring needs would be met.
In January 2019, an agreement was
reached on a monitoring plan for
2019-2020 which allowed the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers to collect
data in the U.S. part of the lake, with
Teck Resources assuming the cost of
sample shipping and analysis. The
successful 2019 sampling field season sets a precedent
for Canadian entities to support future monitoring
and provides a template for long-term cooperation
for the watershed. On July 22, 2019, the Region 8
and 10 Regional Administrators also sent a letter to
the Deputy Minister of the British Columbia Ministry
of Environment regarding continued impacts to U.S.
waters in Montana from British Columbia coal mines.
The letter asks that the Ministry open up the process
for revising Teck Resources' Implementation Plan,
which is the blueprint for how the company will reduce
pollutants from mines, to allow input from EPA and
other U.S. entities.

Our guidance
resulted in
more than
17,000 p
quickly
receiving
information
that their
had manga
above health
advisories.

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FOOD
RECOVERY

MONTANA DEQ FOOD RECOVERY CHALLENGE
AWARD

As part of the Food Recovery Challenge, Region 8 awarded
the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ)
for outstanding efforts and leadership in preventing
and diverting food waste and promoting the sustainable
management of food. MDEQ and its partners have created
food waste recovery opportunities across the state by
granting money to schools to purchase food waste bins,
providing technical assistance and training for composters,
and drafting updated regulatory rules that support
food recovery activities. MDEQ enables projects such as
the "Gardens from Garbage" program in Great Falls - a
nonprofit organization that keeps food waste from going
to landfills, using it instead to benefit the community. The
project has been collecting food waste from local grocers
and food banks and anaerobically composting/recycling
the tonnage. Each ton of discard produces one cubic yard
of compost soil in 8-10 weeks with no turning or watering
required.

FOCUS ON FOOD WASTE REDUCTIONS AT RESORTS

In 2019, EPA Region 8 and the Office of Research and
Development initiated some unique research focused on

improving waste diversion in rural
resort communities. Communities
in resort areas often see a 140%
peak in population during high
tourist seasons, and managing
materials during the ebbs and flows
of these seasons is a challenge.

This project sorted 8,000 pounds of
materials generated in two short-
term condominium rental properties
during two peak tourist season
weeks and sorted the materials into
22 categories. Results demonstrated
that up to 24% of the materials were
items already accepted for recycling
and 41% were compostable, including

31 % food waste, for a total estimate of 	

75% of all materials being potentially
divertible from landfills. Phase two of the project includes
technical support to the community to develop audience-
specific messaging for behavior change. The community
hopes this project will better support local recycling efforts

For the 2019 reporting season (2018
data), R8 Participants of EPA's Food
Recovery Challenge kept over 116,000
tons of food and other organics out
of landfills through food donation to
people, animal feed for agriculture,
and composting - saving money,
labor, and natural resources. For the
841 tons food waste composted, this
is the equivalent of the greenhouse
gas emissions of 1,500,000 miles
driven by an average passenger
vehicle or the carbon sequestered by
711 acres of U.S. forests in one year.

and reduce materials going to landfill.

MATERIALS DIVERSION INITIATIVES

As part of Regional America Recycles Day activities
2019, EPA Region 8 Administrator Gregory Sopkin
toured the Wasatch Resource Recovery facility in
North Salt Lake on November 20,2019. The Wasatch
Resource Recovery is Utah's first and only anaerobic
digester dedicated to food waste diversion. Food is
the largest single material found in municipal solid
waste landfills at 22% more than plastics, paper,
metal, glass or electronics. Reducing food waste
with projects such as this is big step forward in
reducing the multiple environmental impacts of
wasted resources, transportation emissions, and
methane produced in sending food to landfills. A
media story was published as a result of this tour.

Also part of Region 8 America Recycles Day activities
2019, the Region8Administratorco-presentedatthe
Utah Recycling Alliance's Zero Waste Awards event
on November 20, 2019. The Utah Recycling Alliance
empowers people, organizations and communities
statewide to create a Zero Waste culture by
building successful models
and encouraging practices that
promote reuse, recycling and
resource conservation. EPA
Region 8's Food Management
Lead also co-presented on a
panel discussion following the
state premiere of the movie
"Salvage."

These locally-focused efforts
demonstrate there are
many ways to customize and
innovate on a community level
towards reducing waste, and
EPA will continueto collaborate
with state and local partners to
address this important issue.

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USING ELMS TO IMPROVE

FFICIENCY AND
EFFECTIVENESS

Region 8 continues to focus on improving business
process efficiencies to increase the environmental impact
we have in the region. We used Visual Management tools
to analyze and evaluate processes or Agency operations
in every program. The EPA Lean Management System
(ELMS) helped teams identify ways to reduce wait time,
increase productivity, implement consistency, and
increase timeliness. Below are a few examples of the
processes Region 8 is working on.

NEW SOURCE REVIEW PERMIT BACKLOG

In 2019, EPA Region 8 eliminated our NSR construction
permit backlog for direct implementation in Indian
country. The Region began FY19 with 16 backlogged
applications. The Region issued 19 NSR permit actions,
and all but two of these were backlogged applications.
Several challenges arose which delayed the backlogged
NSR permit actions. One challenge involved a recent
policy change that withdrew the EPA's "once-in-always-
in" requirement for hazardous air pollutant major
source designations. Significant coordination with EPA's
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, the Office
of General Counsel, and the Office of Air and Radiation
was needed to ensure regional permit actions were
consistent with this national policy change. Another
challenge involved appealed permits for six existing
sources on the Uintah and Ouray indian Reservation,
which necessitated a pause for similar permits pending
a decision from the Environmental Appeals Board (EAB).
EPA ultimately prevailed with the EAB and was able to
proceed with issuing ten similar permits.

STREAMLINING ADMINISTRATIVE
ENFORCEMENT AT TRIBAL FACILITIES

Through a focused ELMS process involving technical and
legal enforcement managers, Region 8 partnered with
EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
to reduce by 31% the average number of days to issue
unilateral administrative enforcement orders against
tribal facilities. EPA's ability to quickly return tribal
facilities to compliance reduces the potential for adverse
impacts to tribal communities from noncompliance.
OECA has encouraged other Regions to adopt Region 8's
streamlined process as they work to assure compliance
in Indian country.

NEPA

The Region 8 National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA) Branch was one of 12 programs to go through
ELMS training in the first week with EPA HQ. The NEPA
flow and performance boards have resulted in new
efficiencies in Region 8's NEPA letter review process.
These efficiencies allow program staff more time to
complete thorough reviews of complex documents
and shape the program's comment strategy. This
results in clearly written letters that assist federal
agencies in making better environmental and human
health decisions.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

The Region 8 Quality Assurance Branch participated
in the State and Tribal Quality Assurance Project Plan
(QAPP) national Lean Kaizen event initiated by Henry
Darwin and the Executive Enterprise Leadership
Council. This program co-developed the QA State and
Tribal National Bowling Chart measure for FY20. The
QA Branch was one of the first Region 8 programs to
receive ELMS training. The flow board and performance
board support the national State and Tribal QAPP Lean
Kaizen event and have resulted in improved review
and approval times for State and Tribal QA documents.
This team also submitted a video for the EPA's Lean
Management System Huddle Contest.

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WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

Prompt EPA action on water quality standards
aiiows standards to be used by states and tribes to
set protective limits in National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) permits and to identify
and address waterbody impairments. Between 2014-
2018, Region 8 completed water quality standards
approvals within the statutory time frame on only
9% of submissions. In 2019, we implemented new
approaches to streamline the development and
finalization of action documents, and 100% of water
quality submissions were approved on time.

NPDES/UIC NEW PERMIT APPLICATION BACK-
LOG

Permitting teams in the Region 8 Water Division focused
on permit timeliness in 2019, working to reduce the
backlog of new permits and issue new permits within
180 days. To expedite permitting, the NPDES team
developed and implemented a general permit for
Indian country for wastewater discharges from public

water systems. This general permit, which became
effective in August 2019, controls discharges from 19
facilities while decreasing the administrative burden for
both the regulated community and EPA. Through this
change, and other permit review process improvements,
the NPDES team eliminated the backlog of four new
NPDES permits. In the Underground Injection Control
(UIC) program, process changes to address incomplete
permits and mapping all permit activities to allow for
better planning resulted in four permits issued within
180-days and reduced the backlog by 69%.

R8 LABORATORY CO-LOCATION

Region 8 completed the first laboratory co-location
project this year by combining Region 8's Golden Lab
with the NEIC lab at the Denver Federal Center. The
move will save the agency $2.4 million a year and allows
the two laboratories to share space, costs, and expertise.


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ENFORCEMENT

U.S. MAGNESIUM SITE, ROWLEY, UTAH

Region 8's Office of Regional Counsel recovered over
$22M in a bankruptcy settlement agreement with the
Magnesium Corporation to fund Superfund response
work at the U.S. Magnesium Superfund site in Rowley,
Utah. The site was added to the National Priorities List
in 2009 due to uncontrolled releases of hazardous
substances from the debtor's magnesium production
facility adjacent to the Great Salt Lake. After extensive
negotiations with the trustee and other creditors, a
multi-party settlementwas reached in which settlement
funds will be placed into special accounts and used to
pay for cleanup at the site.

CHEVRON U.S.A. SETTLEMENT

Region 8 participated in a national settlement with
Chevron USA to resolve claims under the CAA section
112r and EPCRA/CERCLA at
Chevron petroleum refineries
nationwide including the
Salt Lake City, Utah, refinery.

Chevron will spend $150 million
in injunctive relief for refinery
process, infrastructure, and
safety improvements at all
of its domestic refineries.

The company will also pay a
$2.95 million civil penalty and
provide $10 million in equipment to the emergency
response jurisdictions near its refineries, including
providing the Salt Lake City Fire Department and the
South Davis County Metro Fire Department with a total
of $500,000 worth of equipment, including instruments
to identify gas and chemical leaks. The settlement is
the largest in the history of the EPA's enforcement of
the Risk Management Plan Rule and falls under the
National Compliance Initiative: Reducing Accidental
Releases at Industrial and Chemical Facilities.

HIGHPOINT OPERATING CORP. SETTLEMENT

Region 8 partnered with the State of Colorado to
resolve HighPoint Operating Corporation's Clean Air
Act violations in the Denver-Julesburg Basin ozone
non-attainment area. The settlement requires the
company to identify and address emissions from vapor
control systems at condensate storage tank batteries.

As a result of the consent decree's injunctive relief
and mitigation project, emissions of volatile organic
compounds will be reduced by approximately 400
tons per year. HighPoint also agreed to pay the United
States a $275,000 civil penalty and agreed to pay a civil
penalty to Colorado and perform a State supplemental
environmental project with a combined value of
$275,000.

SINCLAIR OIL SETTLEMENT

Region 8 partnered with the U.S. Department of Justice
and the Wyoming Department of Environmental
Quality to secure a Clean Air Act settlement with
Sinclair Wyoming Refining Company. Sinclair agreed
to pay $1.6 million in penalties and install additional
pollution controls to resolve federal and state violations
of air emissions limits and monitoring requirements

at its refinery in Sinclair,
Wyoming. The alleged
violations at the Sinclair
Wyoming refinery include
exceeding hydrogen sulfide
and sulfur dioxide emissions
limits at the flares and the
sulfur recovery plant's tail gas
units, respectively, and failing
to operate, maintain and
certify continuous emissions
monitors as required.

TAKING ACTION TO REDUCE LEAD EXPOSURE

During 2019, the Region conducted 56 lead paint
inspections and investigations that resulted in nine
enforcement actions, including five penalty orders
totaling $17,670 in fines. Many of these inspections
are still under review and may result in additional
enforcement actions. Region 8 also continued to
focus on a compliance assistance initiative in an
environmental justice area in West Denver that focuses
on ensuring owners and operators of child care centers
are aware of the potential lead hazards and understand
relevant lead regulations. We focused our resources
on communicating lead-based paint health hazards
and providing regulatory clarity through compliance
assistance letters, telephone calls, and in-person visits
in these targeted areas.

...provide $10M in equipment to the
emergency response jurisdictions near
its refineries, including providing the
Salt Lake City Fire Department and
the South Davis County Metro Fire
Department with a total of$500K worth
of equipment, including instruments to
identify gas and chemical leaks.	

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PUBLIC

COMMUNICATION

COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS

Region 8 delivered a robust, collaborative approach to
address how we communicate with our communities
and stakeholders, the goal is to have an interactive
process of credible and accurate information exchange
to inform decisions about a given risk or risks. The
Region organized a team of highly successful employees
from every division to design, plan and implement
actions to help achieve this goal. The effort resulted
in a multifaceted approach, including development of
a guiding document led by the Technical Assistance
Branch titled, "Principles and Best Practices of Risk
Communication."

This document broadly outlines best practices to
empower EPA employees to communicate effectively
with our stakeholders and a regional training
program focusing on communication techniques.
The document also ensures that our local and state
partners are included in this effort. The Region 8 Risk
Communication Advisory Team briefed Administrator
Wheeler on our progress and plans.

ENHANCING COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

In 2019, the Region 8 Public Affairs Branch
implemented a new approach to communicate across
traditional and digital media. This included a variety
of innovative methods to extend the reach of digital
messaging platforms and increase engagement with
key audiences. In February, the Public Affairs Branch
used multiple tools to maximize participation in the
national rollout of the EPA PFAS Action Plan public
meeting in Fountain, Colorado. These included a live-
audience, operator-assisted teleconference system, an
interactive live-stream via Facebook, and live tweeting
at the event. Facebook viewers were also able to submit
questions that were addressed by then EPA Regional
Administrator Doug Benevento and ActingplEPA
Associate Administrator Peter Wright. Our audience
also received links to relevant information, such as
the process for setting a maximum contaminant level
under the Safe Drinking Water Act, The livestream was
shared by numerous community groups and reached
nearly 3,500 Facebook users.

		 r	k


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FOSTERING
PARTNERSHIPS

STATE DIRECTOR S MEETING

Region 8 hosted a meeting of the state environmental
directors and oil and gas directors in 2019. At that
meeting, Regional Administrator Sopkin engaged in
conversations on opportunities to leverage EPA-State
partnerships to solve public health and environmental
challenges. North Dakota's Departmentof Environmental
Quality (NDDEQ) Director Dave Glatt also explained
how EPA and his agency worked cooperatively to assist
NDDEQ in its reorganization to ensure that proper
delegations and authorizations were in place for the
new organization to implement its mission. Todd Parfitt,
Director of the Wyoming Department of Environmental
Quality, also led a discussion on cooperative federalism
at the meeting.

NORTH DAKOTA SELF-AUDIT MOA

EPA Region 8 and the NDDEQ signed a Memorandum
of Agreement (MOA) regarding self-audits conducted
pursuant to state law. The MOA establishes procedures
and policies for administration of the North Dakota
Environmental Audits Law (Self-Audit Law) and reflects
our agreement to encourage greater compliance
with laws and rules protecting public health and the
environment by promoting greater self-policing in the

regulated community. The MOA also reinforces EPA's
important partnership with North Dakota to ensure
the health and safety of the people and environment
and EPA's commitment to providing the state with the
support and flexibility needed to effectively implement
its Self-Audit Law.

REGION 8 HOSTS INTERSTATE OIL AND GAS
COMPACT COMMISSION (IOGCC) MEETING

In late August, Region 8 and North Dakota hosted the
IOGCC annual conference in Medora, North Dakota.
http://iogcc.ok.gov/2019-annual-conference

TRIBAL RELATIONS

In 2019, Region 8 completed 98% of its strategic
planning efforts with Tribes as part of the EPA-Triba!
Environmental Plans and began a preliminary issue
review to identify issue commonalities for Tribes
across Region 8.

Region 8 leadership also initiated a multi-agency
effort with the Crow Tribe to address drinking water,
waste water, and solid waste concerns on the Crow
Reservation. EPA worked with BIA, IMS, and other
agencies to understand the issues facing the Tribe and

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discuss and implement solutions.

On June 18-20, 2019, Regions 8 and 10 participated in
a jointly held Regional Tribal Operations Committee
(RTOC) meeting in Fort Hall, Idaho, hosted by the
Shoshone-Bannock Tribe. Regional Administrator
Sopkin and staff supported the joint RTOC meeting
and discussed mutual areas of environmental interest,
EPA-Tribal interactions, and provided and shared
information on tribal efforts addressing various
environmental challenges. R8 RA Sopkin supported
the effort and engaged in discussion on several
environmental topics of tribal interest, including
water quality impacts. The Region 8 RA and staff also
enjoyed a presentation demonstrating the use of drone
technology in tribal environmental programs.

On September 2.3 - 24, 2.019, Regional Administrator
Greg Sopkin traveled to Montana to visit both the
Blackfeet Reservation and Flathead Reservation to
meet with Tribal Nation officials and their respective
Environmental Directors and Natural Resource program
staff. He met with Blackfeet Chairman Tim Davis,
Blackfeet Nation leaders and Blackfeet Environmental
Director Gerald Wagner, to discuss Blackfeet drinking
water/wastewater system compliance and solid waste
issues. Mr. Sopkin also traveled to Pablo, Montana to
meet with the Confederated Salish and Kootenai (CSKT)
Tribes to discuss transboundary water quality concerns
related to impacts from coal mining in Canada as well
as other tribal areas of concern. Mr. Sopkin proposed
a communications plan with the CSKT leaders and the
CSKT Natural Resources and Environmental Division

Directors. RA Sopkin also participated in the Poison
Middle School Drum and Harvest Feast in Poison, Mont.,
on the Flathead Reservation, and recognized Poison
Middle School Teacher Amy Williams for receiving
the Presidential Innovation Award for Environmental
Educators.

PEDIATRIC ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
SPECIALTY UNIT

EPA Region 8 provided funding to the R8 Pediatric
Environmental Health Specialty Unit (PEHSU) to conduct
outreach and education on reducing and preventing
childhood lead exposure. The PEHSU disseminated
materials to various partners such as state and local
health departments and clinicians. The PEHSU also
collaborated with Denver Health to develop a geo-
mapping tool using 17,000 lead test results collected
over the last three years. The maps concentrate on
the Denver area, but will likely expand to cover other
parts of Colorado. The PEHSU will present on this
information at the Frontiers of Medicine Conference in
Casper, Wyoming, and the Wyoming Medical Society's
annual meeting in 2020. Additionally, the PEHSU
participated in three public health meetings and the
National Association of School Nurses Conference
to share important information on children's health,
reaching approximately 2,400 people.

SOUTH DAKOTA AG TOUR

In Summer 2019, RegionalAdministrator Sopkin toured
an ethanol plant, animal feeding operations and a
corn farm to see water quality conservation practices
in grazing, animal feeding and crop land systems at

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work in South Dakota. Mr. Sopkin also facilitated an
Agriculture Round Table for South Dakota agriculture
associations, farmers and ranchers and visited the
Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate and Flandreau Santee Sioux
tribes to learn about challenges and opportunities
associated with agricultural production and water
quality.


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U.S. EPA-REGION 8

1595 Wynkoop Street
Denver, CO 80202.

Phone

(800) 227-8917
Phone

(303)312-6312

Email

r8eisc@epa.gov

Website

www.epa.gov

2019


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