User’s Guide for Estimating Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Stationary Combustion Using the State Inventory Tool January 2023


USER'S GUIDE FOR
ESTIMATING METHANE AND
NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS
FROM STATIONARY
COMBUSTION USING THE
STATE INVENTORY TOOL

January 2023

Prepared by:
ICF

Prepared for:

State Energy and Environment Program,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

This section of the User's Guide provides instruction on using the ChUand N2O Stationary
Combustion module of the State Inventory Tool (SIT), and describes the methodology used
for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from stationary combustion at the state level.

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Module 2 - Stationary Combustion Module

January 2023

Table of Contents

1.1	Getting Started	2

1.2	Module Overview	4

1.2.1	Data Requirements	5

1.2.2	Tool Layout	7

1.3	Methodology	7

1.4	Uncertainty	15

1.5	References	15

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

1.1

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Module 2 - Stationary Combustion Module

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1.1 Getting Started

The Stationary Combustion1 module was developed using Microsoft® Excel 2000. While the
module will operate with older versions of Excel, it functions best with Excel 2000 or later.
If you are using Excel 2007 or later, instructions for opening the module will vary as
outlined in the Excel basics below. Before you use the Stationary Combustion module, make
sure your computer meets the system requirements. In order to install and run the
Stationary Combustion module, you must have:

• IBM-PC compatible computer with the Windows 95 operating system or later;

• Microsoft® Excel 1997 or later, with calculation set to automatic and macros
enabled;

• Hard drive with at least 20MB free; and

• Monitor display setting of 800 x 600 or greater.

Microsoft Excel Settings

Excel 2003 and Earlier: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. To check this setting, launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Stationary Combustion module. Go to the Tools menu and select "Options..." Click on the
"Calculations" tab and make sure that the radio button next to "Automatic" is selected, and
then click on "OK" to close the window. The security settings (discussed next) can also be
adjusted at this time.

Excel 2007 and Later: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. Go to the Formulas ribbon and select "Calculation Options." Make
sure that the box next to the "Automatic" option is checked from the pop-up menu.

Microsoft Excel Security

Excel 2003 and Earlier: Because the SIT employs macros, you must have Excel security
set to medium (recommended) or low (not recommended). To change this setting, launch
Microsoft Excel before opening the Stationary Combustion module. Once in Excel, go to the
Tools menu, click on the Macro sub-menu, and then select "Security" (see Figure 1). The
Security pop-up box will appear. Click on the "Security Level" tab and select medium.

When set to high, macros are automatically disabled; when set to medium, Excel will give
you the choice to enable macros; when set to low, macros are always enabled.

When Excel security is set to medium, users are asked upon opening the module whether to
enable macros. Macros must be enabled in order for the Stationary Combustion module to
work. Once they are enabled, the module will open to the control worksheet. A message

1 Due to nuances associated with estimating non-C02 emissions associated with combustion, there are
three modules focusing on emissions from combustion: the CO2FFC module (which calculates CO2),
the stationary combustion module (which calculates CH4 and N2O), and the mobile combustion module
(which calculates CH4 and N2O from transportation activities).

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box will appear welcoming the user to the module. Clicking on the "x" in the upper-right-
hand corner of the message box will close it.

Excel 2007 and Later: If Excel's security settings are set at the default level a Security
Warning appears above the formula box in Excel when the Stationary Combustion module is
initially opened. The Security Warning lets the user know that some active content from the
spreadsheet has been disabled, meaning that Excel has prevented the macros in the
spreadsheet from functioning. Because SIT needs macros in order to function properly, the
user must click the "Options" button in the security message and then select, "Enable this
content" in the pop-up box. Enabling the macro content for the SIT in this way only enables
macros temporarily in Excel but does not change the macro security settings. Once macros
are enabled, a message box will appear welcoming the user to module. Click on the "x" in
the upper right-hand corner to close the message box.

If the Security Warning does not appear when the module is first opened, it may be
necessary to change the security settings for macros. To change the setting, first exit out
of the Stationary Combustion module and re-launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Stationary Combustion module. Next, click on the Microsoft Excel icon in the top left of the
screen. Scroll to the bottom of the menu and select the "Excel Options" button to the right
of the main menu. When the Excel Options box appears, select "Trust Center" in left hand
menu of the box. Next, click the grey "Trust Center Settings" button. When the Trust
Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings" in the left hand menu and select "Disable
all macros with notification." Once the security level has been adjusted, open the
Stationary Combustion module and enable macros in the manner described in the preceding
paragraph.

Viewing and Printing Data and Results

The Stationary Combustion module contains some features to allow users to adjust the
screen view and the appearance of the worksheets when they are printed. Once a module
has been opened, you can adjust the zoom by going to the Module Options Menu, and either
typing in a zoom percentage or selecting one from the drop down menu. In addition, data
may not all appear on a single screen within each worksheet; if not, you may need to scroll
up or down to view additional information.

You may also adjust the print margins of the worksheets to ensure that desired portions of
the Stationary Combustion module are printed. To do so, go to the File menu, and then
select "Print Preview." Click on "Page Break Preview" and drag the blue lines to the desired
positions (see Figure 2). To print this view, go to the File menu, and click "Print." To return
to the normal view, go to the File menu, click "Print Preview," and then click "Normal View."

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

1.3

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Figure 1. Changing Security Settings

~ Microsoft Excel - Bookl

: Sj R|e Edit

View Insert

Format

Tools | Data Window Help I

Spelling,,, F7

Research,.. Alt+Click

H I

Error Checking...

Speech t

Shared Workspace...

Share Workbook..,

Track Changes ~

Compare and Merge Workbooks...

Protection t

Online Collaboration t

Goal Seek,,,

Scenarios...

Formula Auditing ~

Macro ~

Macros..,

Alt+F8

Add-Ins...

Record Ne

w Macro...

AutoCorrect Options...

Security..,

Customize...

1 Visual Basic Editor

Alt+Fll

Options,,.

^ -

Alt+Shift+Fll

1.2 Module Overview

This User's Guide accompanies and explains the Stationary Combustion module of the SIT.
The SIT was originally developed in conjunction with EPA's Emissions Inventory
Improvement Program (EIIP) in order to automate the steps states would need to take in
developing their own emission estimates in a manner that was consistent with prevailing
national and state guidelines. The result was a user-friendly and comprehensive set of
eleven modules that help users estimate greenhouse gas emissions at the state level.

Because most state inventories developed today rely heavily on the SIT, User's Guides have
been developed for each of the SIT modules. These User's Guides contain the most up-to-
date methodologies that are, for the most part, consistent with the Inventory of U.S.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (EPA 2022a). Users can refer to the chapters and
annexes of the U.S. Inventory to obtain additional information not found in the SIT or in the
companion User's Guide.

In 2021, EPA began publishing the results of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas
Emissions and Sinks disaggregated by U.S. state (EPA 2022b) to make consistent state-
level GHG data available for all states for use by states, researchers, and the general public.
However, EPA recognizes that there will be differences between the state-level estimates
published by EPA and inventory estimates developed by states using the SIT or other tools.
Inventories compiled by states may differ for several reasons, and differences do not
necessarily mean that one set of estimates is more accurate, or "correct." In some cases,
the Inventory of U.S. Greenhous Gas Emissions and Sinks may be using different
methodologies, activity data, and emission factors, or may have access to the latest facility-
level information through the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP). In other cases,
because of state laws and regulations, states may have adopted accounting decisions that
differ from those adopted by UNFCCC and IPCC to ensure comparability in national reporting
(e.g., use of different category definitions and emission scopes consistent with state laws
and regulations). Users of state GHG data should take care to review and understand
differences in accounting approaches to ensure that any comparisons of estimates are
equivalent or an apples-to-apples comparison of estimates.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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The Stationary Combustion module calculates methane (ChU) and nitrous oxide (N2O)
emissions for the fuel types and end-use sectors indicated in Table 1. While the module
provides default data for fuel types (where possible), users are encouraged to input state-
specific default data if it is available. If using outside data sources, or for a more thorough
understanding of the approach used to estimate emissions, please refer to the following
discussion for data requirements and methodology.

1.2.1 Data Requirements

To calculate ChUand N2O emissions from stationary combustion, the following data are
required:

• Fossil fuel consumption by fuel type and sector;

• Wood consumption by sector;

• Non-energy consumption by fuel type for the industrial sector; and

• Emission factors by fuel type and sector.

Because the ChU and N2O emission factors vary by fuel
consumption data for the fuel types provided in Table 1

Energy consumption statistics should be collected on
an energy basis—preferably in British thermal units
(Btu). Statistics providing energy consumption data
in other units, such as barrels or tons, may be used,
but require conversion to Btu by using the heat
content of the specific fuel. If the conversion to
energy units is necessary, the heat contents that
were used should be documented. Please note that
even data given in Btu may be preceded by a prefix
indicating order of magnitude (i.e. thousand,
million, billion). For a better understanding of the
quantity prefixes used with Btu, refer to Box 1.

type, it is necessary to compile

Box 1: Energy Units

A British thermal unit (Btu) is the quantity

of heat required to raise the temperature of

one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit

at or near 39.2 Fahrenheit.

Btu

British thermal unit

1 Btu

MBtu

Thousand Btu

lxlO3 Btu

MMBtu

Million Btu

lxlO6 Btu

BBtu

Billion Btu

lxlO9 Btu

TBtu

Trillion Btu

lxlO12 Btu

QBtu

Quadrillion Btu

lxlO15 Btu

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

1.5

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Table 1. Fuel Types Consumed by Sector

Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Electric Utilities

Coal

Coal

Coking Coal

Coal





Independent Power







Coal







Other Coal



Natural Gas

Natural Gas

Natural Gas

Natural Gas

Petroleum:

Petroleum:

Petroleum:

Petroleum:

Distillate Fuel

Distillate Fuel

Distillate Fuel

Distillate Fuel

Kerosene

Kerosene

Kerosene

Residual Fuel

Hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbon

LPG

Petroleum Coke

Gas Liquids

Gas Liquids

Motor Gasoline





Motor

Residual Fuel





Gasoline

Lubricants





Residual Fuel

Asphalt & Road Oil







Crude Oil







Feedstocks







Napthas < 401°F







Other oils > 401°F







Misc. Petroleum







Products







Petroleum Coke







Pentanes Plus







Still Gas







Special Naphthas







Unfinished Oils







Waxes







Aviation Gasoline







Blending







Components







Motor Gasoline







Blending







Components



Wood

Wood

Wood

Wood

Other (e.g.

Other (e.g.

Other (e.g.

Other (e.g.

geothermal)

geothermal)

geothermal)

geothermal)

Source: U.S. EPA 2022a.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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1.2.2 Tool Layout

Because there are multiple steps to complete within the Stationary Combustion module, it is
important to understand the module's overall design. The layout of the Stationary
Combustion module and the purpose of its worksheets are presented in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Flow of Information in the Stationary Combustion Module*

Control Worksheet
1-Choose * state

2, Complete Bulk Data Woiksheet

3.-6.

Enter Bresson f actors and Actrvtty Data for Eacn Sector
Corpses* ktdvi duat Sector Worksheets

7. View Summary Data

S- ixportData

2. Bulk Data Worksheet

| Ewer eftwgy consumpson (oral sector by fuel type
Individual Sector Work sinus
^3. Residential H,0

I View (ensampoon data and emssen factors
Retlderrttal CHt
View conswitpeon data and omission factors

4. Commercial M,0

i View ccrounptoci data and emission factors
Commercial CHt
View conswnpoon data and emission factors

5. Electric Power N*0
I View consumption data and errasvion factors
Electric Power CHj

View consignee on data and emission factors

6. Industilal H,0

I Enter non-energy consumption lor each fuel type
Industrial CH,

Review consumption data arxj en»iss«on factors
Summary Data for CH, and N,0
1 PfesesedmboffitabfeandgrapfticaJlormatsiftMMTCOjE
Uncertainty

Review mloimaBon c«n uncertainty associated wiffi the (fcfaifi data

* These worksheets are the primary worksheets used in the Stationary Combustion module; subsequent
worksheets are used to populate the default data and are provided for informational purposes only.

1.3 Methodology

This section provides instructions for using the Stationary Combustion module of the SIT to
estimate CH# and N2O emissions from sectors that consume fossil fuels and wood. Within
the Stationary Combustion module, these sectors are residential, commercial, industrial,
and electric power. Because the
methodology is similar in all sectors, a
general methodology is discussed and
specific examples for each sector are
provided.

The Stationary Combustion module
automatically calculates emissions
after you enter energy consumption data (and the factors on the control worksheet). The
tool provides default energy consumption data, which comes from the EIA's State Energy
Consumption, Price, and Expenditure Estimates (SEDS) EIA (2022).2 However, other more

Box 2: State Energy Data Sources

In-state sources, such as state energy commissions or public
utility commissions, should be consulted first. Otherwise,
default data provided by the Stationary Combustion module
may be used. Fuel statistics should be provided on an
energy basis (e.g., in Btu).

2 These data are available at https://www.eia.aov/state/seds/.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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state-specific data may be used if available (see Box 2 for suggestions on where to find
data).

The Stationary Combustion module follows the general methodology outlined in the EIIP
guidance, however because of the automation of the calculations within the tool, the order
of steps discussed in this User's Guide do not follow the order of steps discussed within the
EIIP guidance document. This User's Guide provides an overview of the estimation
methodology used in the Stationary Combustion module by walking through the following
eight steps: (1) select a state; (2) complete the bulk data energy consumption worksheet;
(3) enter emission factors for the residential sector and view estimates; (4) enter emission
factors for the commercial sector and view estimates; (5) enter emission factors for the
electric power sector and view estimates; (6) enter emission factors for the industrial sector
and view estimates; (7) review summary information; and (8) export data.

The general equation used to calculate ChU and N2O emissions from fuel combustion in the
residential, commercial, and electric power sectors is shown in Equation 1. The equation
used for fuels in the industrial end-use sector is similar, but includes the non-energy use of
fuels, as shown in Equation 2.

Equation 1. General Emission Equation

Emissions (MMTCO2E) =

Consumption (BBtu) x Emission Factor (MT/BBtu) x GWP
-r 1,000,000 (to yield MMTCO2E)

Equation 2. Emission Equation for the Industrial Sector

Emissions (MMTCO2E) =

[Total Consumption (BBtu) - Non-Energy Consumption (BBtu)]
x Emission Factor (MT/BBtu) x GWP
-r 1,000,000 (to yield MMTCO2E)

Step (1) Select a State

To begin, select the state you are interested in evaluating. By selecting a state, the rest of
the tool will automatically reset to reflect the appropriate state default data and
assumptions for use in subsequent steps of the tool.

Step (2) Complete the Bulk Energy Consumption Data Worksheet

The energy consumption data entered in the "Bulk Energy Consumption Data" (bulk data)
worksheet feed into the calculation worksheets for each sector. Modifying the consumption
data in this worksheet will change the consumption estimates on each sector calculation
worksheet. The default data are automatically populated in the yellow cells by sector and
fuel type for the selected state. On the bulk data worksheet, presented as an example in
Figure 4, the yellow cells indicate where the required energy activity data are entered either
manually or automatically from default data. Default data in the yellow cells on this
worksheet can be overwritten with state-specific data. To revert to default data for all
sectors and fuel types, click on the "Refresh Default Data" button at the top of the
worksheet. Energy consumption data from the CO2FFC module can also be copied and

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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pasted directly into the input space on the bulk data worksheet to ensure identical energy
consumption inputs are used in both modules. To copy and paste values from the CO2FFC
module, have both modules open and highlight the data that will be copied from the CO2FFC
module. Next, select Edit/Copy from the menu bar. In the Stationary Combustion module,
select the cell(s) where the data will be pasted into, and select Edit/Paste Specials/Values.
Click on the "Proceed to Calculation Worksheet" button to begin/continue estimating
emissions, or click on the "Return to Control" button to return to the control worksheet to
continue entering emission factors.

Figure 4. Example of the Required Energy Consumption Data in the Bulk Data

Worksheet

E3 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module

S) File Edit Module Options

Commercial Residual Fuel

Default Energy Consumption in Colorado, billion btu (Bbtu)

The energy consumption data entered in the table below feeds into the calculation worksheets for each sector. Modllying the consumption data below will change the
consumption estimates on each sector calculation sheet. Energy consumption data from the C02FFC module can be copied and pasted directly into the input space
below. To modify the inputs below:

1. Overwrite default data provided in the yellow cells with available state-specific data.

2. To revert back to default data for all sectors and fuel types, click on the "Refresh Default Data" button below.

3. Click on the "Proceed to Calculation Worksheet" to begin/continue estimating emissions.

Return to the
Control Sheet

5,987
_2£_

Proceed to Calculation
Worksheets

Return to Control

Commercial Wood

800

835

881

1,020

977

986

1,024

1,397

1,221

1,284

1,374

Commercial Other

Electric Power Coal

320,752

313,657

323,644

330,082

340,392

327,951

342,494

345,510

356,162

352,825

376,872

Electric Power Distillate Fuel

291

206

280

163

190

163

204

222

497

412

1,106

Electric Power Natural Sas

13,432

13,473

13,445

12,9

20,407

24,085

29,075

27,936

34,736

43,107

66,799

Electric Power Petroleum Coke

Electric Power Residual Fuel

29^

230

Electric Power Wood

Electric Power Other

Industria

Asphalt and Rood Oil

21,614

a®20

21,172

22,647

27,794

24,689

25,906

17,078

31,518

14,179

25,681

Industria

Aviation Gasoline Blending Components

if (0)

Industria
Industria

Coal

Coking Coal

15,383

//15,558

14,784

16,328

18,477

15,814

7,923

15,704

8,331

9,111

9,270

Industria
Industria

Crude Oil
Oistillate Fuel

Required Energy Data

15,350

16,012

17,811

17,816

19,610

18,560

19,072

Industria

Feedstocks, Naphtha less than 401 F

258

289

315

271

331

Industria

Feedstocks, Other Oils greater than 401 F

393

464

441

437

389

Industria

Kerosene

103

Industria

LPS

3,533

4,346

4,078

4,630

4,305

4,687

4,904

5,553

4,288

1,944

11,211

Industria

Lubricants

1,481

1,325

1,351

1,375

1,437

1,413

1,371

1,448

1,516

1,532

1,509

-10

T-J.

ui.. n-4.—

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Module 2 - Stationary Combustion Module

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Figure 5 for locations of the "Check/Uncheck AN" buttons, individual default check boxes,
and yellow input cells. Information on emission factors is discussed below.

Figure 5. Control Worksheet for the Stationary Combustion Module

~ State Inventory Tool - Stationary Combustion Module 12 10 2010.xls

Emission Factors

Default emission factors are provided in the Stationary Combustion module for all fuel types
and sectors and are available from IPCC (2006); however, users may choose to specify their
own. Figure 6 presents an example of the emission factors used in the commercial sector
N2O worksheet. In general, emissions of ChU and N2O will vary with the type of fuel burned,
the size and vintage of the combustion technology, the maintenance and operation of the
combustion equipment, and the type of pollution control technology used.

N2O is produced from the combustion of fuels, with the level of N2O emissions dependent on
the combustion temperature. The highest N2O emissions occur at a temperature of 1,000
degrees Kelvin. For combustion temperatures below 800 or above 1,200 degrees Kelvin
(980 to 1,700 degrees Fahrenheit), the N2O emissions are negligible (IPCC 1997).

CH4, carbon monoxide, and non- ChU volatile organic compounds are unburned gaseous
combustibles that are emitted in small quantities due to incomplete combustion; more of
these gases are released when combustion temperatures are relatively low. Emissions of
these gases are also influenced by technology type, size, vintage, maintenance, operation,
and emission controls. Larger, higher efficiency combustion facilities tend to reach higher

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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combustion temperatures and thus emit less of these gases. Emissions may range several
orders of magnitude above the average for facilities that are improperly maintained or
poorly operated, which is often the case for older units. Similarly, during start-up periods,
combustion efficiency is lowest, causing emissions of carbon monoxide and non- ChU volatile
organic compounds to be higher than during periods of full operation.

Individual Sector Worksheets

Navigate to the individual sector worksheets from the control worksheet using the gray
arrows to the right of the emission factors for each sector. Except for the industrial sector,
the worksheets for each sector have the same basic set-up. On the residential N2O sector
worksheet, shown in Figure 6, the cells in the first column indicate where the required
energy activity data were entered from the bulk data worksheet. This activity data are
converted into emissions (in units of MMTCO2E) using the emission factors entered on the
control worksheet, the energy consumption data entered on the bulk data worksheet, and
the calculation method shown in Equation 1. Note that consumption data are entered on
the bulk data worksheet and is pulled into the corresponding sector worksheet for each
sector. After entering or selecting default data on the control and bulk data worksheets,
users should review the worksheets to make sure emission factors and activity data are
properly applied. Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk data worksheet." button to
return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet. An example of a ChU worksheet for
the electric power sector is shown in Figure 7.

The activity data used to populate the energy consumption input cells is annual state energy
consumption data based on primary fuel type (e.g., coal, petroleum, and natural gas) and
secondary fuel type (e.g., gasoline, residual oil, natural gas, etc.) by sector (e.g.,
residential, commercial, industrial, and electric utilities). A list of potential fuel types
consumed in each sector is provided in Table 1 and is included in the Stationary Combustion
module.

The Stationary Combustion module calculates emissions for each sector by multiplying
consumption by the appropriate emission factor to obtain the total ChU or N2O emissions in
metric tons. Then, the total emissions are converted into MMTCO2E, by multiplying by the
GWP (25 for CH4 or 298 for N2O)3 and dividing by 106 to express emissions in MMTCO2E
(Equation 1).

Box 3: Caution When Using Non-Default Fuel Consumption Data

If you use fuel consumption data that is different from the default data, please be aware of
double counting. For example, EIA's SEDS data for industrial coal consumption includes coal
used to make synthetic natural gas, which is accounted for in both industrial coal and natural
gas consumption data. This double-counting issue has been corrected for in the default dataset
contained in the Stationary Combustion module; similar adjustments may need to be made to
outside data sources. State-specific natural gas data can be obtained from Table 12 of EIA's
Historical Natural Gas Annual EIA (EIA 2001) and Table 8 of EIA's Natural Gas Annual EIA (EIA
2021) (and is also provided in the CO2FFC module).

3 The decision was made in the January 31, 2014 "Report of the Conference of the Parties
on its nineteenth session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013." These global
warming potential values were agreed upon by decision 24/CP.19.

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Figure 6. Example of the Required Energy Data and Emission Factors Applied in

the Residential N2O Worksheet

U State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module

Figure 7. Example of the Applied Data in the Electric Power CH4 Works

£3 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module

File Edit Module Options

I O

4 Electric Power Sector Consumption ond CH4 emissions in Californio

CHt emissions from stationary combustion in the electric power sector are calculated using
the IPCC Tier 1 approach. Consumption of each fuel is multiplied by a fuel-specific CH+
emission factor. The resulting fuel emission values, in metric tons CHt, are then multiplied
by the global warming potential, converted to million metric tons of carbon equivalent
(MMTCE), then to million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTC02E), and summed.
For further detail on this method, please refer to the Stationary Chapter in the User's Guide.

< Return to the ./^el
Control Sheet \P

Return to the Ele
. Power NX> Sh

Electric Power Sector CH4

1990

Fuel Tjpe

Coal

Distillate Fuel
Petroleum Coke
Residual Fuel
Natural Gas
Wood
Other

Electric Po

Fuel Tjpe

Coal

Distillate Fuel
Petroleum Coke

Consumption
(Billion Btu)

Emission Factor
(metric tons CH< fBBtu)

Emissions
(metric tons CH«)

Emissions

Emission Factors

(MMTCE)

(MMTCOiE)

0.000

0.001

0.003

0.004

0.013

0.000

0.001

0.000

0.005

0.018

Energy Consumption
Data

consumption
(Billion Btu)

tmission h actor
(metric tons CH« fBBtu)

Emissions
(metric tons CH«)

Emissions
(MMTCE)

Emissions
(MMTCQ,E)

heet

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Step (6): Enter Emission Factors and Non-Energy Use Activity Data for the
Industrial Sector

First, complete the control worksheet and bulk data worksheet for the industrial sector, as
described above. Then use the gray navigational arrows to move to the industrial sector
worksheets. The industrial worksheets are unique because both total energy consumption
and total non-energy consumption are required as inputs to calculate ChU and N2O
emissions, seen in Figure 8 (non-energy input cells are shown in green). This is necessary
because most fossil fuels have at least some non-energy uses. For example, LPG is used for
production of solvents and synthetic rubber; oil is used to produce asphalt, naphthas, and
lubricants; and coal is used to produce coke, yielding crude light oil and crude tar as by-
products that are used in the chemical industry. Because these fuels are not combusted
when used for purposes such as these, their consumption should be subtracted from
statistics that include total fuel use.

The Stationary Combustion module estimates net combustible consumption by subtracting
non-energy consumption from the total consumption. From this point forward, the
industrial worksheet functions in the same manner as the other sector worksheets. The net
combustible consumption is multiplied by the appropriate emission factor to obtain the total
CH4 or N2O emissions in metric tons. Then, the total emissions are converted into
MMTCO2E, by multiplying by the GWP (25 for ChU or 298 for N2O) and dividing by 106 to
express emissions in MMTCO2E (Equation 2). Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk
data worksheet." button to return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet.

Figure 8. Example of Energy and Non-Energy Consumption Data Applied in the

Industrial Worksheet

0 State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module

8] File Edit Module Options

5. Industrial Consumption ond N20 emissions in Colorado

Nfi emissions from stationary combustion in the industrial sector are calculated using the IPCC Tier 1 approach. First, non-energy consumption by fuel type is
subtracted from the energy consumption for each fuel type. The resulting energy consumption of each fuel is multiplied by a fuel-specific NJ3 emission factor.
The resulting fuel emission values, in metric tons N^O, are then multiplied by the global warming potential, converted to million metric tons of carbon equivalent
(MMTCE), then to million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO£), and summed. For further detail on this method, please refer to the Stationary
Chapter in the User's Guide. Click on the orange "Click here for the bulk data worksheet." button to return to the energy consumption data entry worksheet.

Note that default emission factors are available through 2008. To facilitate emission calculations for later years, the tool utilizes 2008 emission factors as
proxies for emission factors in subsequent years (2009 through 2020). Emission factors for 2009 and beyond will be updated as soon as new data become
available. For further detail on this method, refer to the Stationary Combustion Chapter in the User's Guide.

Return to the Go to the Industrial"
.Control Sheet

i the Industrials
:H, Sheet

Industrial Sector N20

Fuel Tjpe

Other Coal

Asphalt and Road Oil

Aviation Gasoline Blending

Components

Crude Oil

Distillate Fuel

:s. Naphtha less tha

1990

I* Default Non-Energy Consumption Data?

401F

LPG

Lubricants
Motot Gasoline
Motor Gasoline Blending
Components
Misc. Petto Products
Petroleum Coke
Pentanes Plus
Residual Fuel
Still Gas

Special Naphthas
Unfinished Oils

(Billion Btu) (metric tons N,OIBBtu) (metric tons N,0)

Required Non-Energy
Consumption Data

000 =
000 =
000 =

000 =

)00 =

000 =

33 mJ Industrial Sector N2O

631 - Industrial Sector N2O

1991

1992

F Default Non-EnerqyConsumption Data?
I* Default Non-EnerqyConsumption Data?

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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Module 2 - Stationary Combustion Module

January 2023

Step (7): Review Summary Information

The steps above provide estimates of total ChU and N2O emissions by sector. These are
summed over all fuel types and sectors, for each year, and the information is collected on
the summary worksheets. There are three summary worksheets, one for ChU, one for N2O,
and one for total emissions. Each worksheet displays results in MMTCO2E. Figure 9 shows
the summary worksheet that sums the emissions from all sectors in the Stationary
Combustion module. In addition, the results are displayed in graphical format at the bottom
of each summary worksheet.

Figure 9. Example of the Emissions Summary Worksheet in the Stationary

Combustion Module

~ State Inventory Tool - CH4 and N20 Emissions from Stationary Combustion Module | ¦_,|j? X

] File Edit Module Options

I Type a question for help

Total Emissions Summary for California

< Return to the / Go to the Nip / 1
Control Sheet \Emissions Summary \Emi:

Go to the CH,
Emissions Summary

Review discussion of uncertainty
associated with these results

linty""----...
ts^/

MMTCO.E

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

199<

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007 2008 2009 2010

Residential

0.602

0.628

0.647

0.506

0.486

0.478

0.494

0.340

0.326

0.336

0.344

0.328

0.330

0.348

0.359

0.262

0.244

0.262

N 20

0.106

0.111

0.113

0.090

0.086

0.085

0.087

0.062

0.061

0.063

0.060

0.061

0.064

0.067

0.051

0.048

0.051

CH,

0.496

0.518

0.535

0.417

0.400

0.394

0.407

0.279

0.265

0.274

0.281

0.268

0.270

0.283

0.292

0.211

0.196

0.211

Commercial

0.113

0.116

0.111

0.100

0.099

0.103

0.099

0.087

0.088

0.082

0.084

0.085

0.083

0.085

0.084

0.068

0.065

0.069

N20

0.026

0.027

0.024

0.022

0.023

0.022

0.019

0.020

0.018

0.019

0.018

0.016

0.015

CH,

0.086

0.089

0.087

0.078

0.077

0.080

0.077

0.068

0.064

0.065

0.067

0.065

0.067

0.066

0.052

0.051

0.053

Industrial

0.292

0.269

0.270

0.237

0.239

0.230

0.225

0.245

0.209

0.214

0.223

0.255

0.220

0.217

0.224

0.225

0.224

0.220

N20

0.202

0.185

0.163

0.165

0.158

0.155

0.169

0.143

0.147

0.153

0.176

0.152

0.149

0.154

0.155

0.154

0.151

CH,

0.091

0.085

0.084

0.074

0.072

0.070

0.077

0.066

0.067

0.070

0.079

0.068

0.070

0.069

Electric Power

0.181

0.172

0.195

0.191

0.207

0.158

0.152

0.153

0.162

0.176

0.185

0.175

0.197

0.181

0.183

0.181

0.189

0.186

N 20

0.122

0.116

0.131

0.129

0.139

0.107

0.103

0.102

0.109

0.118

0.124

0.116

0.132

0.121

0.123

0.121

0.126

0.125

CH,

0.059

0.056

0.064

0.062

0.068

0.052

0.050

0.051

0.054

0.058

0.062

0.059

0.065

0.060

0.061

0.060

0.063

0.062

TOTAL

1 138

1 18*

1 223

1 035

1 031

0 9<9

0 971

0 826

0.785

0 808

0 837

0 843

0 831

0 830

0 850

0 737

0 722

0 73<

Total Non-C02 Emissions by Sector for California

Emissions by Sector 1990-2020

-Residential —A—Commercial —*— Industrial —Electric Power

h i ~ h / Residential CH4 / Commercial N20 / Commercial CH4 / Electric Power N20 / Electric Power CH4 / Industrial N20 / Industrial CH4 / Summary N20 / Summary CH4 \ Total Summary / Uncertainty / (|<

Step (8): Export Data

The final step is to export the summary data. Exporting data allows the estimates from
each module to be combined later by the Synthesis Module to produce a comprehensive
greenhouse gas inventory for the state.

To access the "Export Data" button, return to the control worksheet and scroll down to the
bottom (8). Click on the "Export Data" button and a message box will open that reminds

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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Module 2 - Stationary Combustion Module

January 2023

the user to make sure all sections of the module have been completed. If you make any
changes to the Stationary Combustion module later, you will then need to re-export the
results.

Clicking "OK" prompts you to save the
file. The file is already named, so you
only need to choose a convenient place
to save the file. After the file is saved, a
message box will appear indicating that
the data was successfully exported.

While completing the modules, you are
encouraged to save each completed
module; doing so will enable you to easily make changes without re-running it entirely.

Following data export, the module may be reset and run for an additional state.
Alternatively, you may run the remaining modules of the State Inventory Tool to obtain a
comprehensive profile of emissions for your state.

1.4 Uncertainty

In the upper right-hand corner of the Summary worksheets is a button: "Review discussion
of uncertainty associated with these results." By clicking on this button, you are taken to a
worksheet that discusses the uncertainty surrounding the activity data and emission factors,
and how the uncertainty estimates for this source category affect the uncertainty of the
emission estimates for your state.

1.5 References

EIA. 2022. State Energy Data 2020 Consumption. Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy. DOE/EIA-0214(2020). Available at:
https://www.eia.aov/state/seds/.

EIA. 2021. Natural Gas Annual 2020. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department
of Energy, Washington, DC. DOE/EIA-0131(20). Available at:
https://www.eia.aov/naturalaas/annual/.

EIA. 2001. Historical Natural Gas Annual 1930-2000. Energy Information Administration,
U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/EIA-0110(00). Available at:

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil gas/natural gas/data publications/historical natural gas a
nnual/hnga.html.

IPCC. 2006. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The National

Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, H.S. Eggleston, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara,
and K. Tanabe, eds.; Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES). Hayama,
Kanagawa, Japan.

IPCC. 1997. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, 3 volumes: Vol. 1,
Reporting Instructions; Vol. 2, Workbook; Vol. 3, Draft Reference Manual.

Note: the resulting export file should not be
modified. The export file contains a summary
worksheet that allows users to view the results, as well as
a separate data worksheet with an unformatted version of
the results. The second worksheet, the data worksheet,
contains the information that is exported to the Synthesis
Tool. Users may not modify that worksheet.
Adding/removing rows, moving data, or making other
modifications jeopardize the ability of the Synthesis
Module to accurately analyze the data.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Stationary Combustion Module

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January 2023

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Organization for Economic Co-Operation
and Development. Paris, France.

U.S. EPA. 2022a. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2020.
Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-22-
003. Available at: https://www.epa.aov/ahaemissions/inventorv-us-areenhouse-aas-
emissions-and-sinks-1990-2020.

U.S. EPA. 2022b. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks By State: 1990 -
2020. Office of Atmospheric Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available
at: https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2022-
08/StateGHGI_Methodology_Report_August_2022.pdf.

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