U.S. EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards (OAQPS), Ambient Air Monitoring
Group [AAMG]

March 2022

PM2.5 Chemical
Speciation Network
(CSN)

CSN Newsletter

This is the third issue of the CSN newsletter. You can find previous issues of the news-
letter here. We use the newsletter to communicate information on CSN that is useful
to the State, Local, and Tribal (SLT) monitoring agencies and data validators, as well as
users of CSN data. The EPA AMTIC page for CSN is here.

Questions Regarding CSN

If you have any questions regarding CSN, contact us using the CSN sup-
port (5isonomatech.com email address. This email address puts you in touch with EPA,
the sample handling/shipping and gravimetric laboratory (Wood Environment & Infra-
structure Solutions, Inc. or Wood), the sample analysis laboratory (University of Cali-
fornia at Davis or UC Davis), and the CSN Data Analysis and Reporting Tool (DART)
support team (Sonoma Technology).

Wood has also created an email address for site operators to contact them regarding
shipping and handling requests. Please use csnfield@woodplc.com for any questions
specifically related to late shipments, stopping and starting sample collection, and any
other issues related to the logistics of shipping and handling.

Reminder about Freezing Ice
Packs for Shipping

The Filter Handling Lab (Wood) continues to receive a large
percentage of shipments above the target criterion of 4°C.
When shipments arrive above 4°C, the transport tempera-
ture or "TT" qualifier is applied. Upon receipt from Wood,
please remove the freezer packs and freeze them at < -18°C
(0°F) for a minimum of 3 days (>72 hours) if possible to help
ensure that samples arrive at temperatures < 4°C. See page 2
of the 2021 newsletter for more information.

Met One Super SASS	URG 3000N

Inside this issue

Data Analysis and Reporting Tool
Training

2

Spare EPROM Kits Available for
URG 3000N

2

Annual Data Quality Reports	3

CSN Data Advisories	3

CSN Sampler Flow Verifications/
Audits and AQS

4

Update on the 25-mm Teflon®
FilterPilot Study	4

Special points of interest

•	2022 National Ambient Air
Monitoring Conference,
August22-25 in Pittsburgh, PA

•	The 2022 Shipping and Sam-
pling Calendars for CSN are
nowavailable

•	New DART Page for Agencies


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2022 Shipping and Sampling
Schedules Available

The 2022 CSN shipping and sampling
schedules for l-in-3 and l-in-6 sampling
are now available. Copies of the sched-
ules were sent to site operators in a
December 2021 shipment and also
emailed to site operators and EPA CSN
Region representatives.

The schedules have also been posted on
EPA's CSN AMTIC website here.

Data Analysis and Reporting Tool (DART)
Training

Our last DART webinar training was held
in August 26, 2021. The slides and re-
cording of the training are located here
under Data Validation Resources along
with the CSN data validation guide and
quick reference guide.

The DART web address is https://
dart.sonomatech.com.

Agency users can request access to DART
by setting up an account using the Log In
tab at the top of the DART home page or
requesting DART access through:

CSNsupport(5)sonomatech.com.

New features in DART include:

•	Capabilities for adding comments to
indicate that sample dates are in-
correct and need to be changed

•	New options for bulk editing data

•	Changes to editing functions
(removed the "Request Exclusion"

Manage | Explore | Validate | Export | Help | Log In

qualifiers, prevent 'MD' and TP
qualifiers from being removed, and
edits to composite/contributing
parameters)

An Administration page for Agency
admins to configure CSN Validators
for their Agency (see the side bar
for more on this feature). Check
boxes for adding access or uncheck
them for removing access.

DART Page for Agencies to
Manage Users

There is a "Manage Users" feature in
DART that allows monitoring agencies
to configure CSN validators roles. Se-
lect your agency at the top left of the
Manage Users page to see a list of
users with a DART account. Individuals
can be assigned "CSN Admin", "CSN
Validator, and/or "CSN Emails" roles.

Please confirm your Agency's Adminis-
trators, Validators, and those wishing to
get DART emails using this page
(uncheck or check the box as needed in
the corresponding columns). Note, the
"Manage Users" page is only visible to
users with the CSN Admin role.

To add a new validator, users must first
sign up for a DART account here.

Spare EPROM Kits Available for URG3000N

In 2014, EPA upgraded the software for the
URG 3000N sampler. The new software
allowed more flexibility in sampling and
sequential sampling. All of the existing CSN
sites received a copy of the new software
on an EPROM along with installation in-
structions. Instructionsforthe installation is
also available here. EPROM kits are availa-
ble for both Phase I and Phase ll/lll sam-
plers. Phase I samplers have the isolation
valve at the top of the pump box and 2
power cords. Phase ll/lll samplers have the
isolation shown in the figure and one pow-
er cord. The kit includes an IC puller and
straightener and chip lifter. One EPROM is
needed and the kit includes 2 EPROMs in
case one is damaged during installation.

We still have EPROM kits available for those
that did not receive a kit, misplaced the
original kit, or have a damaged EPROM kit.

If you would like a kit, please contact
Melinda Beaver; beaver.melinda(5)epa.gov.

Phase I Sampler

Phase ll/lll Sampler

2


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Annual Data Quality Reports

The filter handling laboratory (Wood) and the sample analysis laboratory (UC Da-
vis) prepare annual data quality reports. Reports for the period of the current CSN
contract period (2015-2020) are available here. Each report contains information
on:

•	Laboratory and field operation issues

•	Quality issues and corrective actions

•	Laboratory QC summaries

•	Data management and reporting

•	OA and data validation activities

CSN Data Advisories

When issues are identified that affect CSN data, we summarize the impacts in data
advisories that let the CSN community and data users know about potential issues.
Since the last newsletter in 2021, three data advisories have been issued for CSN .
The current CSN data advisories are located here. A short description of the three
most recent advisories are provided below. More details can be found in each
advisory.

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Protocol Change

Data affected: elements; Period: October 2018 and later

In November 2015, the contractor performing the EDXRF analysis changed from
Research Triangle Institute (RTI) to UC Davis. The EDXRF instruments used by these
two laboratories use different techniques for sample analysis. Detection limits for
several elements, particularly heavier elements (e.g., Lead), increased when the
laboratory changed. To obtain lower detection
limits, the XRF protocol was modified and the
overall analysis time increased.

Carbon Analyzer Change
Data affected: carbon parameters; Period:

October 201S and later

Thermal-optical carbon analysis for CSN has
gone through a number of changes in the sam-
pling, analytical protocol, and instrumentation
during the last 15 years. This advisory addresses the most recent analytical labora-
tory transition, which included a change in the model of carbon analyzers. An inter
-laboratory study was conducted to compare the measurements reported from
these two analyzer models using 4000+ CSN quartz filter samples. The largest im-
pact is on subtractions of organic and elemental, as well as pyrolized carbon. We
are exploring the cause of the differences and how to improve the continuity of
the times series for these species.

Contract Laboratory Transition

Data affected: all parameters; Period: November 2015 and later

This data advisory covers all of the data processing and analytical procedure
changes corresponding with the change in CSN contractors in 2015. This data advi-
sory covers:

•	Laboratory measurements

•	Filter blank correction

•	Method detection limit calculations

•	Reporting of negative values

•	Updating the Teflon filter deposit area

•	Reporting chloride data

2020 Site Summaries
Available Soon

Starting in 2017, our analysis labor-
atory contractor has compiled
individual CSN site summaries.

These summaries include infor-
mation on the site AQS ID, site
latitude/longitude, completeness,
daily reconstructed fine mass
(RCFM), long-term trends in RCFM,
chemical composition, and a map
of RCFM as compared to both
nearby CSN and Interagency Moni-
toring of PROtected Visual Environ-
ments (IMPROVE) monitoring sites.

To view all CSN site summaries for
2017—2020, please visit:
https://aqrc.ucdavis.edu/csn-field-
sites-maps.

CSN National Contract
Status

EPA's current national contracts to
support CSN filter shipping, han-
dling, and gravimetric analysis, as
well as analysis laboratory support
for ions, elements, and carbon
have been in place since 2015 and
are expiring soon. EPA is working
on awarding a follow-on contract.
We will communicate more as we
can. Stay tuned!


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Coming Soon: Filter-
based Light Absorption
Measurements

Since June 2018, UC Davis has
been measuring filter light
absorption using the PTFE filters
from CSN. A Hybrid Integrating
Plate/Sphere (HIPS) system is used
forthis analysis. The HIPS system
uses a 632.8 nm laserto illuminate
the backside of a sampled filter.
Both reflected and transmitted
light are collected and used to
calculate the filter absorption
coefficient, Fabs. Fabs is compara-
ble to EC measured on quartz
filters and used as a quality check
for EC. The IMPROVE network
already measures and reports the
Fabs value to AQS.

Now that we have a few years of
Fabs data from CSN, we are
working on a plan to use the data
in the CSN validation review
procedures in DART and also to
submit the data to AQS. We will
provide more information on the
measurement, results, and how to
use the data for validation purpos-
es as we get closer to submitting
the data to DART and AQS.

CSN Sampler Flow Verifications/Audits and AQS

Last year EPA began inspecting the CSN
metadata residing in EPA's Air Quality Sys-
tem (AQS). Review of the sampler metada-
ta found that many flowrate verifications
and audit results could not be loaded to
AQS due to Sampler IDs not consistently
being entered into the database. To facili-
tate these metadata corrections and addi-
tions, EPA queried the database to isolate
the records for samplers in AQS that need-
ed updates and created AQS AD-
Transaction files for those records.

EPA is using a phased approached for

updating these metadata records with its

CSN partners. The goal is to have phase 1

completed by April 2022. In phase 1 the

'Sampler ID' and 'channel count' AQS fields

are updated. In phase 2, the CSN program
begins updating the 'channels' and 'filter

types' for those samplers in AQS that need
edits. EPA found that the metadata for the
SuperSASS samplers are the most in need
of updates. Lastly, phase 3 will focus on
defining the Sampler IDs for each of the
CSN parameters, in addition to the sam-
plers, so that flowrate verifications and
audit results performed on the samplers
can be associated with the routine ambient
measurements.

We are hoping that this will assist in im-
proving the submission of CSN flowrate
results into AQS. The flow rate data com-
pleteness by sampler type and year is pro-
vided below.

Flowrate Data Completeness



CSN Network Size









Flow Checks in







AQS (%)



Sampler

Cou nt



2017

SASS

139

39.7

2017

URG

132

48.1

2018

SASS

141

42.0

2018

URG

135

49.2

2019

SASS

144

44.5

2019

URG

136

53.6

2020

SASS

141

42.3

2020

URG

135

48.5

2021

SASS

141

38.3

2021

URG

136

45.6

We would like to thank the state and local
monitoring agencies that have assisted EPA
during phase 1 of this metadata house
cleaning and we look forward to working
with you as we complete phases 2 and 3
during this calendar year. Please contact
Doug Jager (iaeer.doue@epa.eov) if you
have questions about this effort.

Update on the 25-mm Teflon® Filter Pilot Study

In order to reduce the frequency of non-
detectable results from XRF analysis, we
have been investigating concentrating the
sampled PM2.5 onto a smaller filter. Specifi-
cally, we have been exploring the use of a 25
-mm Teflon® filter (and insert) instead of a
47-mm filter. This filter diameter change will
increase the density of PM2.5 per cm2 of filter
area by a factor of about 3. This should re-
duce the number of non-detectable sam-
ples, especially for elements with ambient
concentrations near the method detection
limit (MDL).

We have been evaluating the 25-mm filter
and insert at six collocated CSN sampling
sites on the l-in-6 day schedule: Bakersfield,
CA; Riverside (Rubidoux), CA, G.T. Craig, OH;
Rutgers, NJ; Roxbury, MA; and Deer Park,

TX.

The study started in January 2019 and XRF
and mass data show that results from the
inserts were approximately 20% lower than
expected. After several months of trouble-
shooting, UC Davis determined the current
design was leaking and that a new filter
insert design was the best option. UC Davis
designed a new insert, and we plan to begin
testing the new 25-mm filter design at the 6
collocated sites later in 2022.

Thanks to the state and local monitoring
agency operators at the six collocated CSN
sites for continuing to collect the extra mod-
ules for this special study.


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2022 National Air Monitoring Conference
(NAAMC) Call for Papers and Posters

The National Ambient Air Monitoring Con-
ference, will be held August 22-25 in Pitts-
burgh, Pennsylvania. The 2022 National
Ambient Air Monitoring Conference, spon-
sored by EPA in conjunction with the Asso-
ciation of Air Pollution Control Agencies
(AAPCA) and the National Association of
Clean Air Agencies (NACAA) is a must for
federal, state, local and tribal air pollution
organizations involved with operating,
planning, or managing air monitoring net-
works and reporting data to AQS, and/or
AIRNOW. Essential training on air monitor-
ing topics will help prepare you for future
challenges of air monitoring.

The conference is intended to provide a
national and international forum for EPA,
State, local, tribal, international, and other
agencies who are involved in imple-
menting air monitoring programs.

Paper and poster submissions are due
March 18, 2022.

For more information and instructions on
submitting abstracts, the conference web-
site is located here.

If you have questions about the confer-
ence, you can send them to: Nealson Wat-
kins watkirisjiealsonfSeEa;^^ an^ Erin
Pittorino erin.pittorino(5>erg.com.

Ambient Air Monitoring
Group (AAMG)

We plan, implement, and
assess the nation's ambient air
quality networks.

We collaborate with states, locals,
tribes, instrument compa-
nies, researchers and colleagues at
EPA and other Federal agencies
to optimize the ambient
air monitoring networks.

We provide oversight,
guidance, and tools to ensure
quality data for clean air
decisions across thecountry.

CSN Contacts

Wondering who the right people are to contact regarding CSN? Please note that a few of
the Regional contacts have changed. The current contacts are:

EPA Contacts

Program Lead: Melinda Beaver; beaver.melinda(S>epa.gov; 919-541-1062
Technical Point of Contact: Joann Rice; rice,ioann(S>epa.gov: 919-541-3372
Quality Assurance: Doug Jager; iager.dougPepa.gov; 919-541-4804

Mega Performance Evaluation Program: Colin ESarrette; barrette.colin(5)epa.gov; 919-541-5535
Regional Contacts

Region 1: Anne McWilliams: mcwilliams.anneiS'epa.gov: 617-918-1697

Region 2: Gavin Lau; lau.gavintSepa.gov; 212-637-3708

Region 3: Lori Hyden; hvden.loretta(S>epa.gov: 215-814-2113

Region 4: Keith Harris; harris.keith(5)ep3.gov; 706-355-8624

Region 5: Chad McEvov: mcevov.chad(S)epa.gov: 312-886-6084

Region 6: Josh Madden; madden, ioshua(a)epa.gov; 214-665-7251 and Fran Verhalen;
verhalen.frances@epa.gov; 214-665-2172

Region 7: Leland Grooms; grooms.leland(S>epa.gov: 913-551-5010
Region 8: Josh Rickard; rickard.ioshua(5>epa.gov; 303-312-6460
Region 9: Dena Vallano; vallano.dena(5)epa.gov: 415-972-3134
Region 10: Will Wallace; wallace.willfSepa.gov; 206-553-2495
General Contacts

CSNsupportta'sonomatech.com and/or csnfield(a)woodplc.com


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