User’s Guide for Estimating Indirect Carbon Dioxide Equivalent Emissions from Electricity Consumption Using the State Inventory Tool January 2022


User's Guide for Estimating
Indirect Carbon Dioxide
Equivalent Emissions from
Electricity Consumption
Using the State Inventory
Tool

January 2022

El |iB

Prepared by:

ICF

Prepared for:

State Energy and Environment Program,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

This section of the User's Guide provides instruction on using the Indirect CO2 from
Electricity Consumption (Electricity Consumption) module of the State Inventory Tool (SIT),
and describes the methodology used for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from
electricity consumption at the state level.

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Module 11 - Indirect CO? Eg. from Electricity Consumption Module

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Table of Contents

1.1	Getting Started	2

1.2	Module Overview	4

1.2.1	Data Requirements	5

1.2.2	Tool Layout	6

1.3	Methodology	6

1.4	References	12

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

1.1

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1.1 Getting Started

The Indirect Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO2 Eq.) from Electricity Consumption (Electricity
Consumption) module was developed using Microsoft® Excel 2000. While the module will
operate with older versions of Excel, it functions best with Excel 2000 or later. If you are
using Excel 2007 or later, instructions for opening the module will vary as outlined in the
Excel basics below. Before you use the Electricity Consumption module, make sure your
computer meets the system requirements. In order to install and run the Electricity
Consumption module, you must have:

• IBM-PC compatible computer with the Windows 95 operating system or later;

• Microsoft® Excel 1997 or later, with calculation set to automatic and macros
enabled;

• Hard drive with at least 20MB free; and

• Monitor display setting of 800 x 600 or greater.

Microsoft Excel Settings

Excel 2003 and Earlier: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. To check this setting, launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Electricity Consumption module. Go to the Tools menu and select "Options..." Click on the
"Calculations" tab and make sure that the radio button next to "Automatic" is selected, and
then click on "OK" to close the window. The security settings (discussed next) can also be
adjusted at this time.

Excel 2007 and Later: For the SIT modules to function properly, Excel must be set to
automatic calculation. Go to the Formulas ribbon and select "Calculation Options." Make
sure that the box next to the "Automatic" option is checked from the pop-up menu.

Microsoft Excel Security

Excel 2003 and Earlier: Because the SIT employs macros, you must have Excel security
set to medium (recommended) or low (not recommended). To change this setting, launch
Microsoft Excel before opening the Electricity Consumption module. Once in Excel, go to the
Tools menu, click on the Macro sub-menu, and then select "Security" (see Figure 1). The
Security pop-up box will appear. Click on the "Security Level" tab and select medium.

When set to high, macros are automatically disabled; when set to medium, Excel will give
you the choice to enable macros; when set to low, macros are always enabled.

When Excel security is set to medium, users are asked upon opening the module whether to
enable macros. Macros must be enabled in order for the Electricity Consumption module to
work. Once they are enabled, the module will open to the control worksheet. A message
box will appear welcoming the user to the module. Clicking on the "x" in the upper-right-
hand corner of the message box will close it.

Excel 2007 and Later: If Excel's security settings are set at the default level a Security
Warning appears above the formula box in Excel when the Electricity Consumption module
is initially opened. The Security Warning lets the user know that some active content from
the spreadsheet has been disabled, meaning that Excel has prevented the macros in the
spreadsheet from functioning. Because SIT needs macros in order to function properly, the
user must click the "Options" button in the security message and then select, "Enable this

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module 1.2

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Module 11 - Indirect CO? Eg. from Electricity Consumption Module January 2022

content" in the pop-up box. Enabling the macro content for the SIT in this way only enables
macros temporarily in Excel but does not change the macro security settings. Once macros
are enabled, a message box will appear welcoming the user to module. Click on the "x" in
the upper right-hand corner to close the message box.

If the Security Warning does not appear when the module is first opened, it may be
necessary to change the security settings for macros. To change the setting, first exit out
of the Electricity Consumption module and re-launch Microsoft Excel before opening the
Electricity Consumption module. Next, click on the Microsoft Excel icon in the top left of the
screen. Scroll to the bottom of the menu and select the "Excel Options" button to the right
of the main menu. When the Excel Options box appears, select "Trust Center" in left hand
menu of the box. Next, click the gray "Trust Center Settings" button. When the Trust
Center options box appears, click "Macro Settings" in the left-hand menu and select "Disable
all macros with notification." Once the security level has been adjusted, open the
Stationary Combustion module and enable macros in the manner described in the preceding
paragraph.

Viewing and Printing Data and Results

The Electricity Consumption module contains some features to allow users to adjust the
screen view and the appearance of the worksheets when they are printed. Once a module
has been opened, you can adjust the zoom by going to the Module Options Menu, and either
typing in a zoom percentage or selecting one from the drop-down menu. In addition, data
may not all appear on a single screen within each worksheet; if not, you may need to scroll
up or down to view additional information.

You may also adjust the print margins of the worksheets to ensure that desired portions of
the Electricity Consumption module are printed. To do so, go to the File menu, and then
select "Print Preview." Click on "Page Break Preview" and drag the blue lines to the desired
positions (see Figure 2). To print this view, go to the File menu, and click "Print." To return
to the normal view, go to the File menu, click "Print Preview," and then click "Normal View."

Figure 1. Changing Security Settings Figure 2. Adjusting Print Margins

D Microsoft Excel - Bookl ^ State Inventory Tool - C02 Emissions from Combustion of Fossil Fuel

File Edit

View Insert Format

Tools | Data Window Help

Spelling... F7

Research... Alt+Click

Error Checking...

Speech ~

Shared Workspace.,,

Share Workbook..,

Track Changes ~

Compare and Merge Workbooks...

Protection ~

Online Collaboration ~

Goal Seek,,,

Scenarios...

Formula Auditing ~

Macro ~

Macros...

Alt+F8

Add-Ins...

Record Ne

vi Macro...

AutoCorrect Options,..

Security,,

Customize...

Visual Basic Editor

Alt+Fll

Options,..

Microsoft Script Editor

Alt+Shift+Fll

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module 1.3

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1.2 Module Overview

This User's Guide accompanies and explains the Electricity Consumption module of the SIT.
Many of the SIT modules were developed in conjunction with EPA's Emissions Inventory
Improvement Program (EIIP). Prior to the development of the SIT, EPA developed the
States Workbook for estimating greenhouse gas emissions. In 1998, EPA revisited the
States Workbook and expanded it to follow the format of EIIP guidance documents for
criteria air pollutants. The result was a comprehensive, stepwise approach to estimating
greenhouse gas emissions at the state level. This detailed methodology was appreciated by
states with the capacity to devote considerable time and resources to the development of
emission inventories. For other states, the EIIP guidance was overwhelming and impractical
for them to follow from scratch. EPA recognized the resource constraints facing the states
and developed the SIT. Ten of the SIT modules corresponded to the EIIP chapters and
attempted to automate the steps states would need to take in developing their own
emission estimates in a manner that was consistent with prevailing national and state
guidelines.

The Electricity Consumption module is the eleventh, and newest, module developed as part
of the SIT suite of modules. EPA recognized a need for a module and guidance to estimate
indirect greenhouse gas emissions from electricity consumption at the state level. In using
this module, an important distinction between direct and indirect emissions must be made.
Direct emissions (estimated in the CO2 from Fossil Fuel Combustion module) result from the
combustion of fossil fuels at the electricity generating station, whereas indirect emissions
occur at the point of use (e.g., residential space heating electricity consumption). State
inventories can include direct emissions associated with electricity generation occurring in
the state and/or indirect emissions associated with electricity consumed within the
boundaries of the state. Because electricity consumption within a state does not correspond
to electricity generated in that state, emissions from consumption (indirect emissions) are
not likely to be the same as emissions from generation (direct emissions). States are
encouraged to include direct emissions in their inventory estimates, and calculate and
include indirect emissions as an informational line item. Including both direct and indirect
estimates may lead to double counting. If the goal of the inventory is to encourage action
and reduce emissions within the state, it would be beneficial to include emissions at the
point of consumption (i.e., indirect emissions from electricity consumption).

Because most state inventories developed today rely heavily on the tools, User's Guides
have been developed for each of the SIT modules. These User's Guides contain the most
up-to-date methodologies that are, for the most part, consistent with the U.S. EPA's
Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. In addition, the emission factors
developed for the Electricity Consumption module are consistent with emission factors from
Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) (U.S. EPA 2007, U.S. EPA
2010, U.S. EPA 2012, U.S. EPA 2014, U.S. EPA 2015, U.S. EPA 2017, U.S EPA 2018, U.S.
EPA 2020, and U.S. EPA 2021).

The Electricity Consumption module calculates carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 Eq.)
emissions from the electricity consumption by the end-use equipment types shown in Table
1, by end-use sector. While the module provides default data for electricity consumption by
end-use types (depending on availability), users are encouraged to use state-specific data,
where available. If using outside data sources, or for a more thorough understanding of the
tool, please refer to the following discussion for data requirements and methodology.

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1.2.1 Data Requirements

To calculate CO2 Eq. emissions from electricity consumption, the following data are
required:

•	Electricity consumption by sector;

•	Percent electricity consumption by end-use equipment;

•	Electricity emission factors; and

•	Transmission loss factors.

Electricity consumption statistics should be collected
on a kilowatt-hour1 (kWh) basis. Statistics providing
energy consumption data in other units, British
Thermal Units (Btu), may be used, but require
conversion to kWh. One kWh is equivalent to 3,412
Btu. Please note that even data given in Btu may be
preceded by a prefix indicating order of magnitude
(i.e. thousand, million, billion). For a better
understanding of the quantity prefixes used with Btu,
refer to Box 1.

The Electricity Consumption module calculates
carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 Eq.) emissions from the electricity consumption by the end-
use equipment types, by end-use sector shown in Table 1. The following sections provide a
discussion of the available data for each sector.

Table 1. End-Use Equipment by Sector

Residential1

Commercial2

Industrial3

Transportation4

Space Heating

Space Heating

Indirect Uses- Boiler Fuel

Automated

Air-conditioning

Cooling

Conventional Boiler Use

Guideway

Water Heating

Ventilation

CHP and/or Cogeneration

Bus (charged

Refrigeration

Water Heating

Process

batteries)

Other

Lighting

Direct Uses- Total Process

Cable Car

Appliances

Cooking

Process Heating

Commuter Rail

and Lighting

Refrigeration

Process Cooling and

Heavy Rail



Office

Refrigeration

Inclined Plane



Equipment

Machine Drive

Light Rail



Computers

Electro-Chemical Processes

Trolleybus



Other

Other Process Use

Other





Direct Uses- Total







Nonprocess







Facility HVAC







Facility Lighting







Other Facility Support







Onsite Transportation







Other Nonprocess Use





Box 1: Energy Units

A British thermal unit (Btu) is the quantity

of heat required to raise the temperature of

one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit

at or near 39.2° Fahrenheit.



Btu

British thermal unit

1 Btu

MBtu

Thousand Btu

1x10s Btu

MMBtu

Million Btu

lxlO6 Btu

BBtu

Billion Btu

lxlO9 Btu

TBtu

Trillion Btu

lxlO12 Btu

QBtu

Quadrillion Btu

lxlO15 Btu

Source: XEIA 2018, 2EIA 2016,3EIA 2021a, and 4FTA 2019

1 A measure of electricity defined as a unit of work or energy, measured as 1 kilowatt (1,000 watts) of
power expended for 1 hour. One kWh is equivalent to 3,412 Btu.

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1.2.2 Tool Layout

Because there are multiple steps to complete within the Electricity Consumption module, it
is important to understand the module's overall design. The layout of the Electricity
Consumption module and the purpose of its worksheets are presented in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Flow of Information in the Electricity Consumption Module*

Control Worksheet

Individual Sector Worksheets

1. Choose a State

Emission Factors

Enter emission factor and transmission losses

2. Complete the Factors Worksheet

3. Complete Sector Worksheets

Residential

Enter electricity consumption for each fuel type by sector

4. View Summary Data n.

Commercial

N .

Enter electricity consumption for each fuel type by sector

5. Export Data

Industrial

Enter electricity consumption for each fuel type by sector

Transportation

V- Enter electricity consumption for each fuel type by sector

^ Summary Data

Presented in both table and graphical formats in MMTC02E

* These worksheets are the primary worksheets used in the Electricity Consumption module; subsequent
worksheets are used to populate the default data and are provided for informational purposes only.

1.3 Methodology

This section provides a guide to using the
Electricity Consumption module of the SIT
to estimate indirect CO2 Eq. emissions
from sectors and end-use equipment that
consume electricity. Within the Electricity
Consumption module, these sectors are
residential, commercial, transportation,
and industrial. Because the methodology
is similar in all sectors, a general methodology is discussed and specific examples for each
sector are provided.

The Electricity Consumption module automatically calculates emissions after you enter
factors on the emission factor worksheet, electricity consumption data, and the percent
consumption by end-use sector equipment. The tool provides default electricity
consumption data, which comes from the EIA's State Energy Consumption, Price, and
Expenditure Estimates (SEDS) EIA (2021b).2 However, other more state-specific data may
be used if available (see Box 2 for suggestions on where to find data).

This User's Guide provides an overview of the estimation methodology used in the Electricity
Consumption module by walking through the following steps: (1) select a state; (2)
complete the emission factor worksheet; (3) complete the residential sector worksheet; (4)
complete the commercial sector worksheet; (5) complete the transportation sector

2 These data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/.

Box 2: State Energy Data Sources

In-state sources, such as state energy commissions or public
utility commissions, should be consulted first. Otherwise,
default data provided by the Electricity Consumption module
may be used. Electricity consumption statistics should be
provided on a kWh basis.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

1.6

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worksheet (6) complete the industrial sector worksheet; (7) review summary information;
and (8) export data.

The general equation used to calculate indirect CO2 Eq. emissions from electricity
consumption is shown in Equation 1.

Equation 1. General Emission Equation

Emissions (MMTCO2E) =

{(Total State Consumption (kWh) x End-Use Equipment Consumption (%)) -r (1-
Transmission Loss Factor (%))} x Emission Factor (lbs C02E/kWh) x 0.0005 short ton/lbs
x 0.90718 (Ratio of Short Tons to Metric Tons) -r 1,000,000

Step (1) Select a State

To begin, select the state you are interested in evaluating. By selecting a state, the rest of
the tool will automatically reset to reflect the appropriate state default data and
assumptions for use in subsequent steps of the tool.

Step (2) Complete the Factors Worksheet

Step 2 requires users to select appropriate factors for several key variables necessary for
estimating indirect CO2 emissions from electricity consumption. On the Factors worksheet,
default electricity emission factors and transmission loss factors are provided and will be
used to estimate emissions throughout the tool. To select all of the default data, select the
"Check All Boxes" button on the Factors worksheet or check the default box directly above
the yellow input cells for each year in the time series. Note that users may select a default
factor and later override the factor if better data becomes available. An example of the
Factors worksheet is provided in Figure 4 below.

Default emission factors for electricity consumption (lbs CC>2E/kWh) are provided in the
Factors worksheet. Values are derived from Year 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014,
2016, 2018, and 2019 Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID)
subregion values, weighted by the number of households based on distribution utilities
within in each eGRID subregion in each state (U.S. EPA 2007, U.S. EPA 2010, U.S. EPA
2012, U.S. EPA 2014, U.S. EPA 2015, U.S. EPA 2017, U.S. EPA 2018, U.S. EPA 2020, and
U.S. EPA 2021). This weighted emission factor is intended to better reflect emissions related
to electricity consumption within a state and consider the flow of electricity across state
boundaries. Because these emission factors do not account for any transmission and
distribution losses between the points of generation and the points of consumption, a
transmission loss factor must be applied. The transmission loss factor considers electric
energy lost due to the transmission and distribution of electricity. Additional information on
eGRID emission factors is provided in Box 3.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

1.7

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Module 11 - Indirect CO? Eg. from Electricity Consumption Module

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Box 3: eGRID Emission Factors

The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) is a comprehensive inventory of
environmental attributes of electric power systems. The preeminent source of air emissions data for the
electric power sector, eGRID is based on available plant-specific data for all U.S. electricity generating
plants that provide power to the electric grid and report data to the U.S. government. eGRID integrates
many different federal data sources on power plants and power companies, from three different federal
agencies: EPA, the Energy Information Administration (EIA), and the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC). eGRID also provides aggregated data by state, U.S. total, company, and by three
different sets of electric grid boundaries.

Plant level emissions in eGRID are built by summing its component parts - which could simply be unit
level boilers and/or turbines or a combination of boilers and prime movers representing an aggregation
of like generating units. In general, eGRID plant level emissions reflect a combination of monitored and
estimated data. Emissions and emission rates in eGRID represent emissions and rates at the point(s) of
generation. They do account for losses within the generating plants (net generation).

Note that default emission factors are estimated throughout alternate years in the time
series. While these emission and transmission loss factors were developed for 2005, 2007,
2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016, emission factor and household data were not available
for the remaining years in the time series. To facilitate emission calculations for other years,
the tool utilizes the 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2019 emission
factors to linearly interpolate intermediate years and proxy the beginning and end of the
time series. 2005 emission factors are used from 1990 through 2005. Emission factors are
linearly interpolated for 2006 (using 2005 and 2007 eGRID factors), 2008 (using 2007 and
2009 eGRID factors), 2011 (using 2010 and 2012 eGRID factors), 2013 (using 2012 and
2014 eGRID factors), and 2015 (using 2014 and 2016 eGRID factors), and 2017 (using
2016 and 2018 eGRID factors). 2019 eGRID emission factors are used to proxy 2020.
Emission factors within the module will be updated as soon as new data become available.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

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Step (3) through Step (6) Complete Individual Sector Worksheets

The worksheets for each sector have the same basic set-up, with variations in the color of
the data input cells, and the end-use equipment for each end-use sector. On the residential
sector worksheet, presented as an example in Figure 5, the orange cells indicate where the
required energy activity data are entered either manually or automatically from default
data. This activity data are converted into CO2 emissions using the factors entered on the
Factors worksheet and the formula presented in Equation 1.

There are two types of activity data required to populate the orange cells in the residential
sector worksheet. First, activity data used to populate the orange cells is annual electricity
consumption by sector (e.g., residential, commercial, transportation, and industrial).

Default annual electricity consumption is from EIA's State Energy Data System (EIA 2021b).

The second piece of activity data required to estimate emissions is the percent end-use
equipment for each sector across the state. A list of end-use equipment that consumes
electricity in each sector is provided in Table 1 and is included in the Electricity Consumption
module. End-use consumption data used in the module is derived from a variety of
publications, discussed further in Box 4.

The Electricity Consumption module calculates emissions for each sector by multiplying total
electricity consumption by the percent consumption by end-use equipment and the emission
and transmission loss factor to obtain the total carbon emitted. Then, the total amount of
carbon emitted are converted into MMTCO2E, by multiplying by the ratio of metric tons per
short ton (0.9072) to obtain metric tons and dividing by 106 and multiplying by 44/12 to
express emissions in MMTCO2E (Equation 1).

Figure 5. Example of the Required Electricity Data in the Residential Worksheet

A	I B	CDE	F	6 I H I I I J I K I N OPQR

3. Residential Electricity Consumption in Colorado

Residential

Sub-sector

Space Heating
Air-conditioning
Water Heating
Refrigeration

Other Appliances and Lighting
TOTAL

Residential

Sub-sector

Space Heating
Air-conditioning
Water Heating
Refrigeration

Indirect C0: emissions from electricity consumption in the residential sector are calculated by multiplying state energy
consumption (total kWh consumed in the residential sector) by the percentage of state consumption by residential end-use.
The resulting sub-sectorconsumption values (kWh) are then multiplied by a state-specific emission factor(lbs C0;E/kWh)
and transmission line losses. The resulting emissions values, in pounds of carbon, are converted to shorttons of carbon,
million metric tons of carbon equivalent (MMTCE), thento million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTC0=E), and
summed.

Go to the Control
Sheet

Go to the
MMTCO-E
Summary Sheet,

Check dll Boxes

1990 P Default Consumption Data?

W Default Percent Data?

X End Use of Sector

Consumption

IfcVh)

1ST

1

Required Electricity Consumption Data

Consumption

Consumption

Consumption

(fcVM

Transmission loss Emission Factor

Factor (%) [lbs COtEf





12.9 y.

= 1

1,301,536,902

• P-

5.3 y.

)h

1.88

)]=

704,774,173

=

352,387

=

0.32





IT/.

= 1

780,922,141

Mi-

5.3 y.

)} K

1.88

)]=

422,864,504

=

211,432

=

0.19





9.3 X

-\

937,106,569

Mi-

5.3 y.

)h

1.88

)]=

507,437,405

=

253,719

=

0.23





14.4 •/.



1,457,721,330

M1-

5.3x

)h

1.88

)]=

789,347,074

=

394,674

=

0.36































Vh)

Emissions
[lbs carbon)

Consumption,,.*

End-Use Equipment Data

ns
on)

Emissions
(short tons carbon)

Emissions 1
(MMTCE)

1,261,311,219

Mi-

5.3 v.

)h

1.88



682,992,215

=

341,496.11

=

0.31

756,786,731

M1-

5.3 x

)h

1.88



409,795,329

=

204,898

=

0.19

908,144,078

M1-

5.3X

)h

1.88



491,754,395

=

245,877

=

0.22

1,412,668,565

* fl-

5.3 X

)h

1.88



764,951,281

=

382,476

=

0.35

5,448,864,465

ip-

5.3>!

Jh

1.88



2,950,526,369

=

1,475,263

=

1.34

9.787.775.058

* (1-

5.3X

i\ t

1.88



5.300.019.589

=

2,650,010

=

2.40

Emissions
(short tons carbon)

Emissions
(MMTCE)

Control EF Selection Residential C Commercial C Transportation C Industrial C Summary-MMTCQ2E Data Sources Transport Breakout NTD_Pivot

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

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Box 4: End-Use Equipment Data Sources

Residential

Residential end-use equipment activity is from the Residential Energy Consumption Survey
(RECS) (EIA 2018). The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) provides information on
the use of energy in residential housing units in the United States. This information includes: the
physical characteristics of the housing units; the appliances utilized including space heating and
cooling equipment; demographic characteristics of the household; the types of fuels used; and
other information that relates to energy use. The RECS also provides energy consumption and
expenditures data for: natural gas, electricity, fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and
kerosene. The RECS is published in 4-year intervals. As a result, the Electricity Consumption
Module uses 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2015 RECS data, and interpolates to estimate intervening
years. Activity data beyond 2015 is proxied to the 2015 values. The Electricity Consumption
Module utilizes regional-level data available from the RECS.

RECS data are available online at: https://www.eia.gov/consumDtion/residential/.

Commercial

Commercial end-use equipment activity is from the Commercial Building Energy Consumption
Survey (CBECS) (EIA 2016). The Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) is a
national sample survey that collects information on the stock of U.S. commercial buildings, their
energy-related building characteristics, and their energy consumption and expenditures.
Commercial buildings include all buildings in which at least half of the floorspace is used for a
purpose that is not residential, industrial, or agricultural, so they include building types that might
not traditionally be considered "commercial," such as schools, correctional institutions, and
buildings used for religious worship. The CBECS has been published for 2003 and 2012. As a
result, the Electricity Consumption Module uses 2003 and 2012 data and proxies other years in
the time series to these estimates (1990 through 2002 are proxied to 2003 and 2012 through
2020 are proxied to 2012). The Electricity Consumption Module utilizes regional-level data
available from the CBECS.

CBECS data are available online at: https://www.eia.gov/consumDtion/commercial/.
Transportation

Transportation end-use equipment activity is from the National Transit Database (NTD) (FTA
2018). The NTD was established by Congress to be the Nation's primary source for information
and statistics on the transit systems of the United States. The data contained in the 2019
National Transit Database (NTD) is one of three publications comprising the National Transit
Database Program's Annual Report. It provides detailed summaries of financial and operating
data submitted to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) by the nation's mass transit agencies
for the report year ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 2019. The Electricity
Consumption Module uses 2007 through 2019 data from the NTD, and proxies 1990 through
2006 to 2007 and 2020 to 2019. The Electricity Consumption Module utilizes state-level data
available from the NTD.

NTD data are available online at: https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/data-product/2019-fuel-and-
enerov.

Industrial

Industrial end-use equipment activity is from the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey
(MECS) (EIA 2021a). The Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) is the Federal
Government's comprehensive source of information on energy use by U.S. manufacturers. The
survey collects data on energy consumption and expenditures, fuel-switching capability, onsite
generation of electricity, byproduct energy use, and other energy related topics. The Electricity
Consumption Module uses 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018 data from the MECS. Data for 1990
through 2001 data are proxied to 2002. Data between 2002 and 2006, 2006 and 2010, 2010 and
2014, and 2014 and 2018 are linearly interpolated. Data for 2019 and 2020 are proxied to 2018.
The Electricity Consumption Module utilizes regional-level data available from the MECS.

MECS data are available online at: https://www.eia.aov/consumption/manufacturina/.

State

Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

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Step (7) Review Summary Information

The steps above provide estimates of total CO2 Eq. emissions from electricity consumption.
The information for each sector is collected on the summary worksheet, displaying results in
MMTCO2E. Figure 6 shows the summary worksheet that sums the emissions from all
sectors in the Electricity Consumption module. In addition, the results are displayed in
graphical format at the bottom of the summary worksheets. Toggle buttons to the left of
each sector either expand ("+") or collapse ("- ") rows to show end-use equipment data.

Figure 6. Example of the Emissions Summary Worksheet in the Electricity

Step (8) Export Data

The final step is to export the summary data. Exporting data allows the estimates from
each module to be combined later by the Synthesis Module to produce a comprehensive
greenhouse gas inventory for the state.

To access the "Export Data" button, return
to the control sheet and scroll down to the
bottom (8). Click on the "Export Data"
button and a message box will open that
reminds the user to make sure all steps of
the module have been completed. If you
make any changes to the Electricity
Consumption module later, you will then
need to re-export the results.

Clicking "OK" prompts you to save the file.

The file is already named, so you only need to choose a convenient place to save the file.
After the file is saved, a message box will appear indicating that the data was successfully
exported.

Note: the resulting export file should not be
modified. The export file contains a summary
worksheet where users can view the results, as well as a
separate data worksheet with an unformatted version of
the results; this data worksheet contains the information
that is exported to the Synthesis Tool, and it is especially
important that users do not modify it. Adding/removing
rows, moving data, or making other modifications
jeopardize the ability of the Synthesis Module to
accurately analyze the data.

State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool User's Guide for the Electricity Consumption Module

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While completing the modules, you are encouraged to save each completed module; doing
so will enable you to easily make changes without re-running it entirely.

Following data export, the module may be reset and run for an additional state.
Alternatively, you may run the remaining modules of the State Inventory Tool to obtain a
comprehensive profile of emissions for your state.

1.4 References

EIA. 2016. Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey. Energy Information
Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Released May 2016. Available at:
httDs://www.eia.aov/consumDtion/commercial/data/2012/.

EIA. 2018. Residential Energy Consumption Survey. Energy Information Administration,
U.S. Department of Energy. Released May 2018. Available at:
https://www.eia.aov/consumDtion/residential/data/2015/.

EIA. 2021a. Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey. Energy Information Administration,
U.S. Department of Energy. Released February 2021. Available at:
https://www.eia.aov/consumption/data.ph.

EIA. 2021b. State Energy Data 2019 Consumption. Energy Information Administration, U.S.
Department of Energy. DOE/EIA-0214(2019). Available at:
https://www.eia.aov/state/seds/.

FTA. 2019. National Transit Database (NTD). 2019 Annual Database Energy Consumption.
Available at: https://www.transit.dot.aov/ntd/data-product/2019-annual-database-
enerav-consumption

U.S. EPA. 2007. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2005
(eGRID2005) Version 1.1, eGRID subregion year 2005 data file, December 2007.
Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2010. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2007
(eGRID2007) Version 1.1, eGRID subregion year 2007 data file, February 2010.

Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2012. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2009
(eGRID2009) Version 1.1, eGRID subregion year 2009 data file, February 2012.

Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2014. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2010
(eGRID2010) Version 1.0, eGRID subregion year 2010 data file, February 2014.

Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2015. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2012
(eGRID2012) Version 1.0, eGRID subregion year 2012 data file, February 2015.

Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2017. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2014
(eGRID2014) Version 2.0, eGRID subregion year 2014 data file, February 2017.

Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

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U.S. EPA. 2018. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2016
(eGRID2016) Version 1.0, eGRID subregion year 2016 data file, February 2018.
Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2020. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2018
(eGRID2018) Version 1.0, eGRID subregion year 2018 data file, February 2020.
Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

U.S. EPA. 2021. The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database for 2019
(eGRID2019) Version 1.0, eGRID subregion year 2019 data file, February 2021.
Available at: http://www.epa.aov/enerav/earid.

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