U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Trade-off Tool for Sampling (TOTS) User's Guide Version 1


1

TRADE-OFF TOOL FOR SAMPLING (TOTS)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

User's Guide

Publish
Plan

Resource Tally
Total Cost: $18,920

® 59,720
A $9,200
Max Time day(s): 2



Symbology Settings

Fill Outline



v Add Targeted Samples

Create
Plan

Calculate
Resources

drawing mode. Click or the map layer
to draw a sample point. Optionally, add
any relevant notes. Click Save. Repeat
these steps to continue adding targeted
samples. Use the "Add Multiple Random
Samples" feature below to add more
than one sample point at a time.

Limiting Factor

Afir Sampling

Established Sample Types

s

Sponge

8

Micro Vac

E
Wet Vac

E
Robot

1 1

E

Aggressive
Air

~

Swab

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USER'S GUIDE

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

TRADEOFF TOOL FOR SAMPLING

(TOTS)

by

Timothy Boe+, Dr. M. Worth Calfee*, Erin Silvestri*, Dr. Sang Don Lee*, Leroy Mickelsen**, Molly Rodgers***,

Caleb Sdnvind' ''

*US EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD)

Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response (CESER)

Homeland Security Research Program (HSRP)

Durham, NC 27709

++US EPA Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response (CESER)

Office of Land and Emergency Management (OLEM)

CBRN Consequence Management Advisory Division (CMAD)

Durham, NC 27709

Eastern Research Group
Morris ville, NC 27560

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USER'S GUIDE

Disclaimer

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development,
funded and managed the research described here under Contract EP-C-16-015 to Eastern Research
Group, Inc. It has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication.
Note that approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the Agency.
Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey official EPA approval, endorsement,
or recommendation.

Questions concerning this document, or its application, should be addressed to:

Timothy Boe

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development

Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response
109 T.W. Alexander Dr. (MD-E-343-06)

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Phone 919.541.2617

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USER'S GUIDE

Foreword

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting the
Nation's land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency
strives to formulate and implement actions leading to a compatible balance between human activities
and the ability of natural systems to support and nurture life. To meet this mandate, EPA's research
program is providing data and technical support for solving environmental problems today and
building a science knowledge base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely, understand
how pollutants affect our health, and prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future.

The Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response (CESER) within the Office of
Research and Development (ORD) conducts applied, stakeholder-driven research and provides
responsive technical support to help solve the Nation's environmental challenges. The Center's
research focuses on innovative approaches to address environmental challenges associated with the
built environment. We develop technologies and decision-support tools to help safeguard public
water systems and groundwater, guide sustainable materials management, remediate sites from
traditional contamination sources and emerging environmental stressors, and address potential
threats from terrorism and natural disasters. CESER collaborates with both public and private sector
partners to foster technologies that improve the effectiveness and reduce the cost of compliance,
while anticipating emerging problems. We provide technical support to EPA regions and programs,
states, tribal nations, and federal partners, and serve as the interagency liaison for EPA in homeland
security research and technology. The Center is a leader in providing scientific solutions to protect
human health and the environment.

This report provides an overview of EPA's Trade-off Tool for Sampling (TOTS). TOTS was
developed to support remediation activities implemented during the consequence management
phase of a biological response. The primary TOTS user community is composed of EPA, Regional,
and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) response personnel, including sampling teams and
planners, that are responsible for designing and implementing an appropriate sampling strategy.
TOTS allows users to create sampling designs and estimate the associated resource demand through
interactive point-and-click tools to visually develop sampling plans for biological contamination
incidents. Users can plot sample locations in conjunction with externally developed indoor or
outdoor imagery that can be imported into the tool. Based on the plans designed, TOTS estimates
the total time and cost necessary for implementation, which includes preparing the sampling kit,
conducting the sampling campaign, and analyzing the samples in the laboratory. The resulting
sampling plan can be used to consider trade-offs in the sampling design (i.e., cost-benefit analysis),
alternate sampling approaches (i.e., traditional versus innovative sampling methods), and sampling
coverage.

Gregory Sayles, Director

Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response

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USER'S GUIDE

Acronym/Abbreviation List

Acronym

Definition

AAS

Aggressive Air Sampling

AGO

ArcGIS Online

AO I

Area of Interest

API

Application Programming Interface

CESER

Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response (EPA)

CFU

Colony-Forming Unit(s)

CSV

Comma Separated Values

CTR

Combined Targeted and Random

DHS

Department of Homeland Security

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

GIS

Geospatial Information Science

GP

Geoprocessing Service

GPX

GPS Exchange Format

GUID

Global Unique Identifier

HSRP

Homeland Security Research Program (EPA)

JS

JavaScript

JSON

JavaScript Object Notation

KML

Keyhole Markup Language

OGC

Open Geospatial Consortium

PIV

Personal Identity Verification

REST

Representational State Transfer

RSS

Resource Description Framework (RDF) Site Summary

TOTS

Trade-off Tool for Sampling

URL

Uniform Resource Locator

VSP

Visual Sample Plan

WMS

Web Map Services

XLS

Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet

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USER'S GUIDE

Table of Contents

Disclaimer	i

Foreword	iii

Introduction	1

How to Use This Guide	2

Point of Contact	2

Design and Methodology	3

Design Components	3

Methodology to Estimate Resource Demands	4

Sample Type Parameters	4

User Inputs	4

Resource Demand Calculations	5

Layer Types and Sample Types	7

Layer Types	7

Default Sample Types	9

Custom Sample Types	9

Run the Tool	10

Minimum System and Software Requirements	10

Access the Tool	10

Utility Features	11

Polygons/Points	11

Basemap	11

Legend	12

Login	12

Contact Us	13

Help	13

Navigation Features	14

Locate	14

Add Data	15

Create Plan	18

Calculate Resources	28

Publish	31

Publish Custom Sample Types	32

Retrieve a Published Plan and Custom Sample Types	32

Troubleshooting	34

Appendix A - Quick Start Guide	A-l

Appendix B - Sample Attributes	B-l

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USER'S GUIDE

List of Figures

Figure 1. Trade-off Tool for Sampling Design Components	3

Figure 2. TOTS Home Screen	11

Figure 3. Basemap Feature	11

Figure 4. Legend Feature	12

Figure 5. Authentication Examples	13

Figure 6. Help Widget	13

Figure 7. Locate Tab	14

Figure 8. Add Data Tab (from ArcGIS Online)	15

Figure 9. Add Data Tab (Add Layer from Web)	16

Figure 10. Add Data Tab (Add Layer from File)	17

Figure 11. Create Plan Tab	18

Figure 12. Layer Linkage Status	19

Figure 13. Plan/Layer Relationship Hierarchy	20

Figure 14. Add Targeted Samples	21

Figure 15. Symbology Settings	21

Figure 16. Edit Sample Pop-up	22

Figure 17. Sample Attribute Table	23

Figure 18. Add Multiple Random Samples	24

Figure 19. Custom Sample Type Controls	25

Figure 20. Custom Sample Type Inputs	26

Figure 21. Resource Tally	27

Figure 22. Calculate Resources Tab	28

Figure 23. Calculate Resources Inputs	29

Figure 24. View Contamination Hits Options	30

Figure 25. View Contamination Hits Results	30

Figure 26. Publish Plan	31

Figure 27. Plan Name Not Available Warning	31

Figure 28. Publish Custom Sample Types	32

Figure 29. Select TOTS Output Type	33

Figure A-l. Navigation	35

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USER'S GUIDE

List of Tables

Table 1. Samples and VSP Layer Schema	8

Table 2. Contamination Map Layer Schema	9

Table 3. Default Sample Types	9

Table 4. Minimum System and Software Requirements	10

Table 5. Troubleshooting Guide	34

Table B-l. Sponge Attributes	B-l

Table B-2. MicroVac Attributes	B-l

Table B-3. Wet Vac Attributes	B-2

Table B-4. Robot Attributes	B-2

Table B-5. Aggressive Air Attributes	B-3

Table B-6. Swab Attributes	B-3

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USER'S GUIDE

Introduction

Learn about this web-based Geographical Information System (GIS) tool that allows users
to create sampling designs and estimate the associated resource demand through interactive,
point-and-click tools to visually develop samplingplans

CHAPTER

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Center for Environmental
Solutions and Emergency Response (CESER) within the Office of Research and Development (ORD)
conducts applied stakeholder-driven research and provides responsive technical support to help solve the
Nation's environmental challenges. The Center's research focuses on innovative approaches to address
environmental challenges associated with the built environment. CESER develops technologies and
decision-support tools to help safeguard public water systems and groundwater, guide sustainable
materials management, remediate sites from traditional contamination sources and emerging
environmental stressors, and address potential threats from terrorism and natural disasters. To collect the
data necessary to assess the efficacy of remediation efforts following a biological contamination incident, a
well-defined and thorough sampling and analysis plan (SAP) needs to be developed and implemented. A
large-scale release can result in contamination of a wide area and would require significant time and
resources for recovery. As one of the components that go into SAP development, responders will need to
select a sampling design that will address the site-specific objectives, meet the clearance goals, and not
exceed the available resources (cost and time).

A probability-based sampling design can be used to create statistically defensible sampling plans.

However, these plans might have sampling collection and/or processing demands that exceed allotted
resources. Targeted sampling designs, also referred to as judgmental sampling use professional judgment
and interpretation and target sample locations with some attribute of interest such as a known area of
contamination or areas near the suspected contaminant release point. A targeted-based sampling design
might allow responders to quickly determine if an area is contaminated, reducing the overall response
costs and recovery time. A combined targeted and random (CTR) sampling design might be used to
obtain statistically-sound conclusions while including targeted sampling in areas that are most likely
contaminated.

To support remediation activities implemented during the consequence management phase of a biological
response, EPA's Homeland Security Research Program (HSRP) developed the Trade-off Tool for
Sampling (TOTS). The primary TOTS user community is composed of EPA, Regional, and Department
of Homeland Security (DHS) response personnel, including sampling teams and planners, that are
responsible for designing and implementing an appropriate sampling strategy. TOTS allows users to
create sampling designs and estimate the associated resource demand through interactive point-and-click
tools to visually develop sampling plans for biological contamination incidents. Users can plot sample
locations in conjunction with externally developed indoor or outdoor imagery that can be imported into
the tool. Based on the plans designed, TOTS estimates the total time and cost necessary for
implementation, which includes preparing the sampling kit, conducting the sampling campaign, and
analyzing the samples in the laboratory. The resulting sampling plan can be used to consider trade-offs in
the sampling design (i.e., cost-benefit analysis), alternate sampling approaches (i.e., traditional versus
innovative sampling methods), and sampling coverage.

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USER'S GUIDE

How to Use This Guide

The purpose of this guide is to provide the necessary information to operate the tool. Described in this
guide are the methods that provide the basis for the calculations used in the tool and information
describing how to access and operate the tool. Appendix A provides a brief Quick Start Guide.

The "icon key" to the right contains symbols used throughout this guide to
highlight important information and additional guidance.

Point of Contact

Timothy Boe

US EPA Office of Research and Development
Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response
919-541-2617 office
boe.timothy@epa.gov

CON KEY

9 Valuable Tip

Important Note

2

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USER'S GUIDE

Design and Methodology

Understand the tool's underlying methodology, overall tvorkflow, and default data and
assumptions that impact results

TOTS is a web-based application that requires only an Internet connection
and web browser for access. Application design components and the
methodology and parameters that are the basis for results within the tool are described in the
sections that follow.

Design Components

React, Esri's ArcGIS JavaScript application programming interface (API), and Esri's ArcGIS REST API
were used to develop the graphical user interface to support completing tasks required to estimate
resource demands associated with developing sampling plans. TOTS also interfaces with a geoprocessing
server to support background actions such as converting imported visual sample plan (VSP) files,
generating random samples on the map, and comparing samples plotted against a contamination map.
ArcGIS allows users to: (1) interact with geoprocessing tools, map layers, datasets, and other data types,
and connect them to a process; (2) publish layers to a user's ArcGIS Online account; and (3) share the
published layers with other Esri products such as Collector and Survey 123. Results can also be
downloaded into a Microsoft Excel™ spreadsheet that captures the sampling plan conditions,
computational results, and a screenshot of the map. Figure 1 illustrates the overall tool design.

EPA Geo Platform

TOTS GP service
(ArcGIS Server)

Cloud.gov











Web / Application

§

=>¦3



Server

8 °



v J



HTTPS

End-user
Web Broswer

EPA GeoPlatforrn
Online
(ESRI Cloud)

V	/

ArcGIS Online
(ESRI Cloud)

Figure 1. Trade-off Tool for Sampling Design Components

The tool is organized into a sequence of steps (described in Chapter 4 of this user's guide) that guides
users through inputs and selections to calculate estimated resource demands for a sampling plan.

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USER'S GUIDE

Methodology to Estimate Resource Demands

Research was conducted to support estimating cost and time calculations related to sampling
biological contamination. Factors were developed for the following six sample method types:

Traditional Methods

1.	Swab

2.	Sponge Stick

3.	37-mm Micro vacuum Filters

Innovative Methods

4.	Wet Vacuum

5.	Floor Cleaning Robot

6.	Aggressive Air Sampling (AAS)

The parameters and calculations used to generate resource demand estimates within the tool are
described below. Appendix B presents detailed values that correlate with parameters that are defined
for each sample type. The Sample Type Parameters cannot be edited for the default sample method
types provided. However, users can create a copy of any default method to create their own custom
sample type and edit any of the parameters (see Chapter 4 for guidance on how to Create Custom
Sample Types).

Sample Type Parameters

AA = Actual Area of Sample (in2) as measured by ArcGIS JS API

SA = Reference Sample Surface Area (in2)

TTPK = Time to Prepare Kits (person hours per sample)

TTC = Time to Collect (person hours per sample)

TTA = Time to Analyze (person hours per sample)

ATC = Analysis Labor Cost

AMC = Analysis Material Cost

MCPS = Material Cost per Sample ($)

TCPS = Total Cost per Sample ($)

WVPS - Waste Volume per Sample (L)

WWPS = Waste Weight per Sample (lb)

Default values are provided for several parameters that characterize other conditions of an event.
TOTS allows users to change these values to assess the impact on cost and time estimates (e.g., the
impact of increasing the number of available sampling teams and/or laboratories available for
processing samples).

User Inputs

ST = Number of Available Teams for Sampling (N)

SP — Personnel per Sampling Team (N)

SH = Sampling Team Hours per Shift (hours)

SS = Sampling Team Shifts per Day (N)

SLC = Sampling Team Labor Cost ($/hr/team)

AT = Number of Available Laboratories for Analysis (N)

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USER'S GUIDE

AH = Analysis Laboratory Hours per Day (hours)

AOISA = Area of Interest Surface Area (ft2) (optional)1

The following calculations are used by the tool to generate resource demand estimates based on the
parameters selected.

Resource Demand Calculations

Total Required Sampling Time (team hours)

= Time to Prepare Kits (hours) + Time to Collect (hours)

= TTPK + TTC

Sampling Hours per Day (hours/day) (SHPD)

= Number of Available Teams for Sampling (N) * Sampling Team Hours per Shift (hours) *
Sampling Team Shifts per Day (N)

= ST * SH * SS

Sampling Personnel Hours per Day (hours/day)

= Sampling Hours per Day (hours/day) * Personnel per Sampling Team (N)

= SHPD *SP

Sampling Personnel Labor Cost ($/hr/person) (SPLC)

= Sampling Team Labor Cost ($/hr/team)/Personnel per Sampling Team (N)

= sue ISP

Time to Complete Sampling (days) (TTCS)

= (Time to Collect (hours) + Time to Prepare Kits (hours))/Sampling Hours per Day
(hours)

= (TTC + TTPK)/SHPD

Total Sampling Labor Cost ($) (TSLC)

= Number of Available Teams for Sampling (N) * Personnel per Sampling Team (N) *
Sampling Team Hours per Shift (hours) * Sampling Team Shifts per Day (N) * Sampling
Personnel Labor Cost ($/hr) * Time to Complete Sampling (days)

= ST * SP * SH * SS * SPLC * TTCS

Time to Complete Analyses (days) {TTCA)

If the result of this calculation is less than 1 day, then the result is increased to 1 day to account for
shipping time.

= Time to Analyze (person hours per sample)/(Number of Available Laboratories for
Analysis (N) * Analysis Laboratory Hours per Day (hours))

= TTA/(AL*AH)

1 This value represents the size of the overall area where samples are collected. TOTS allows users to enter a value in the
Calculate Resources panel. The value is used to compute percent of area sampled.

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USER'S GUIDE

Sampling Cost ($) (SC)

= Total Sampling Labor Cost ($) + Material Cost per Sample ($)

= TSLC + MCPS

Analysis Cost ($) (AC)

= Analysis Labor Cost ($) + Analysis Material Cost ($)

= ALC + AMC

Total Cost ($)

= Sampling Cost ($) + Analysis Cost ($)

= SC + AC

Total Time (days)

If Time to Complete Analyses (days) (TTCA) < Time to Complete Sampling (days) (TTCS)
= Time to Complete Sampling (days) (TTCS)

Else

= Time to Complete Analyses (days) (TTCA)

Limiting Factor

If Time to Complete Analyses (days) (TTCA) < Time to Complete Sampling (days) (TTCS)
= Sampling

Else

= Analysis

Total Sampled Area (ft2) (TSA)

= Area of all samples in sampling plan as measured by ArcGIS JS API

Percent of Area Sampled

= (Total Sampled Area (ft2)/Area of Interest Surface Area (ft2)) * 100
= (TSA/AOISA) * 100

Total Number of User-Defined Samples (N)

= Number of samples the user added to a sampling plan

Total Number of Samples

Aggregated for each sample:

= Actual Area of Sample (in2) as measured by ArcGIS JS API/Reference Surface Area (in2)
= AA/SA

Total Waste Volume (L)

Aggregated for each sample:

= Waste Volume per Sample (L)

= WVPS

Total Waste Weight (lb)

Aggregated for each sample:

= Waste Weight per Sample (lb)

= WWPS

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USER'S GUIDE

Layer Types and Sample Types chapter

Understand Imp to tvork n>ith different layers and sample types

TOTS allows users to load various types of layers and create custom sample types
to help explore options for designing sampling plans. The type and size of
samples and team configuration will impact the sampling plan resource demands
(cost and time). The tool is flexible and allows users to create their own sample
types. The sections that follow describe the different layer types that can be imported, the default sample
types that are included with the tool, and the procedure to create custom sample types.

Layer Types

Layers are used in TOTS to visually represent different views that aid a user in developing a sampling
plan. Layers can be static or active when interactively drawing on the map. TOTS has five main layer
types:

• Samples — Layers that contain sample locations are used to create a sampling plan. Sample layers
should be a feature layer or a graphics layer. TOTS starts with an empty default sample layer, or
sample layers can also be added via file import or from datasets that were published to ArcGIS
Online through TOTS. Additional samples can be added to sample layers that were imported
from a file.

• Visual Sample Plan (VSP) — VSP layers use the same schema as Samples layers, but the data come
from an imported VSP file. When a VSP file is imported, TOTS automatically converts the
samples to have geometry and a corresponding schema that can be processed by TOTS.

• Area of Interest — This layer contains features to help guide the user to the area where the samples
should be located. This layer should be a feature layer or graphics layer. Only the geometry of
features is necessary for the Area of Interest layers; therefore, there is no schema for this layer
type. Area of Interest layers can only be added through file import.

• Reference — Reference layers are anything that can help the user in placing samples such as a
street view map or base map. Reference layers can be any type of Esri layer. Reference layers are
meant to be flexible and do not have a schema. Reference layers can be added via ArcGIS Online,
URL, and/or file upload.

• Contamination Map — Contamination Map layers are a special type of layer that is available only
when training mode2 is enabled. Contamination Maps are used in conjunction with the TOTS
training mode to test the effectiveness of a sampling plan in a classroom setting. Contamination
Map layers are completely hidden from the user until the "View Contamination Hits" button is
clicked, at which point the user can make the layer visible via the Legend Widget.

2 Training mode is used to illustrate and quickly check whether sample locations overlap with contamination. This feature requires a
contamination map be loaded where the intersect of samples and contamination zones are identified.

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USER'S GUIDE

Tables 1 and 2 present the schemas used by the Samples, VSP, and Contamination Map layer types.

9 Schema field names are case-sensitive and should be in all caps.

Table 1. Samples and VSP Layer Schema

Field Name

Field Type

Description

OBJECTID

Long

Surrogate integer key controlled by Esri systems.

GLOBALID

GUID

Surrogate global unique identifier (GUID) key controlled by Esri

systems.

PERMANENT_IDENTIFIER

GUID

40-byte global unique identifier (GUID) given to each sample.
Controlled by TOTS.

TYPE* **

Text (255
Characters)

Sampling method type (Sponge, Microvac, Wet Vac, Robot,
Aggressive Air, Swab, and any custom sample types).

ttpk **

Double

Time to Prepare Kits (person hours per sample)



Double

Time to Collect (person hours per sample)

IT A **

Double

Time to Analyze (person hours per sample)

TTPS

Double

Total Time per Sample (person hours per sample)

LOD_P

Double

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

Double

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

MCPS «

Double

Material Cost per Sample ($)

TCPS

Double

Total Cost per Sample ($)

WVPS

Double

Waste Volume per Sample (L)

WWPS

Double

Waste Weight per Sample (lb)

SA "

Double

Reference Surface Area (in2)

AA

Double

Actual Area of Sample (in2). Holds the area calculated by TOTS.

ALC «

Double

Analysis Labor Cost ($)

AMC "

Double

Analysis Material Cost ($)

NOTES

Text (2000
Characters)

Notes entered by the user.

CONTAMTYPE

Text (20
Characters)

Contamination Map Type. Assigned by TOTS when using the
"View Contamination Hits" feature. Could be Biological,
Chemical, or Radiological.

CONTAMVAL

Double

Contamination Map Value. Assigned by TOTS when using the
"View Contamination Hits" feature.

CONTAMUNIT

Text (10
Characters)

Contamination Map Unit. Assigned by TOTS when using the
"View Contamination Hits" feature.

CREATEDATE

Date

Datetime the sampling event was created.

UPDATEDDATE

Date

Datetime the sampling event was last updated.

DECISIONUNITUUID

GUID

40-byte global unique identifier (GUID) given to each sampling
layer. Controlled by TOTS.

DECISIONUNIT

Text (255
Characters)

Group key indicative of sampling layer. This key could be
elevation, building floor, or location.





Controls how decision units (sampling layers) are ordered in

DECISIONUNITSORT

Integer

TOTS. The sorting feature is currently not available in TOTS
but could be added in the future.

¦* Indicates required fields for file import

¦** Indicates required fields for custom sample types

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USER'S GUIDE

Table 2. Contamination Map Layer Schema

Field Name

Field
Type

Description

OBJECTID

Long

Surrogate integer key controlled by Esri systems.

GLOBALID

GUID

Surrogate global unique identifier (GUID) key controlled by
Esri systems.

PERMANENT_IDENTIFIER

GUID

40-byte global unique identifier (GUID) given to each
sample. Controlled by TOTS.

CONT AMTYPE*

Text (20
Characters)

Contamination Map Type. Assigned by TOTS when using
the "View Contamination Hits" feature. Could be
Biological, Chemical, or Radiological.

CONTAMVAIA

Double

Contamination Map Value. Assigned by TOTS when using
the "View Contamination Hits" feature.

CONTAMUNIT*

Text (10
Characters)

Contamination Map Unit. Assigned by TOTS when using
the "View Contamination Hits" feature.

¦* Indicates required fields for file import

Default Sample Types

Default sample types are provided with the tool. Table 3 provides a description of the sample types that
are included with the tool. Appendix B presents detailed values that correlate with attributes that are
defined for each sample type.

Table 3. Default Sample Types

Sample Type

User Interface
Label

Description

Swab

Traditional sampling method. A 4-square-inch sample
taken via a swab.

Sponge Stick

Sponge

Traditional sampling method. A 100-square-inch sample
taken via sponge wipe.

37 mm

Microvacuum

Filters

Micro Vac

Traditional sampling method. A 144-square-inch sample
taken via a 37-mm vacuum cassette.

Wet Vacuum

Wet Vac

Innovative sampling method taken via a wet vacuum.

Floor Cleaning
Robot

Robot

Innovative sampling method taken via an automated floor
cleaning robot.

Aggressive Air
Sampling

Aggressive Air

Innovative sampling method adapted from asbestos
mitigation sampling approaches, taken via suspending
spores, with the use of a tool such as a leaf blower, where
the samples can be collected.

Custom Sample Types

The tool allows users to create their own sample types. Custom sample types adhere to the same schema
as shown in Table 1.

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USER'S GUIDE

Run the Tool

Understand the steps that are required to run the tool and generate output

The targeted users for TOTS include response personnel from EPA,

Regional, and DHS, including sampling teams and planners, that are
responsible for designing and implementing an appropriate sampling strategy.

TOTS users are assumed to have the requisite understanding of considerations related to designing
sampling plans to address a contamination incident.

Minimum System and Software Requirements

Table 4 describes the minimum system requirements and required software for the tool.

Table 4. Minimum System and Software Requirements

Required Software

64-bit version of the latest modern standards-based browsers:

Chrome

Microsoft Edge

Processor

2.2 GHz minimum processor

RAM

For desktop browsers, it is recommended to have at least 8 GB system
memory

Mobile devices should have a minimum of 2 GB of RAM (4 GB
recommended)

Optimal Screen Resolution

1024 x 768 pixels

Disk Space

1 gigabyte (GB) available

Access the Tool

To start the tool, open a web browser and enter https://tots.epa.gov/ into the address bar. Please
use one of the following supported web browsers: Chrome or Edge.

Internet Explorer is not supported, because TOTS utilizes tools from the
ArcGIS JS API that are not supported in Internet Explorer.

Figure 2 presents the main TOTS interface. Primary navigation steps are shown on the left and
utility functions are located along the top right utility bar. These features are described in the
sections that follow.

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USER'S GUIDE

20001cm	|

1000 mi |

Figure 2. TOTS Home Screen

Utility Features

Polygons/Points

The "Polygons/Points" feature is accessible from the top toolbar as shown in Figure 2. Users can
toggle between the two settings using the control provided. The "Polygons" view displays samples
i >11 the map as their exact size which do not scale as users zoom out on the map. The "Points" view
displays samples as icons that scale as users zoom m/out and might be useful for viewing many
samples over a large geographic area.

Basemap

The "Basemap" feature is accessible from the right side of the top
toolbar as shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 provides an expanded
view of the options under the "Basemap" feature. The "Basemap"
feature is used to change the underlying reference map. Users can
choose from numerous options including: Streets (default),
Imagery, Topographic, Terrain with labels, and many more. Users
click "Basemap" again to close the "Basemap" feature.

Basemap Legend Login Con

Figure 3. Basemap Feature

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USER'S GUIDE

Legend

The "Legend" feature is accessible from the right side of the
top toolbar as shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 shows an expanded
view of the options under "Legend." Users click "Legend"
again to close the "Legend" feature. After a layer is imported
or created within TOTS, the "Legend" displays and defines
the symbology used for each layer to allow users to
differentiate between the different layers and control layer
visibility using the following features:

• Expand/Collapse ( button/ button) -
Expands/collapses the list of sub layers.

• Visibility Toggle ( ! button) - Toggles the
visibility for the layer.

• Opacity Slider Toggle ( button) - Toggles the
opacity slider.

• Opacity Slider — Controls the transparency of the layer. This control is available at the
main layer and each sub layer.

• Control Toggle ( button) — Hides or shows the Zoom to Layer and Delete Layer
buttons.

• Zoom to Layer — Zooms to the extent of the associated layer.

• Delete Layer — Removes the associated layer from the map. Published TOTS layers are
NOT deleted from ArcGIS Online.

A "Login" button is accessible on the right side of the top toolbar (as shown in Figure 2) to allow
users to login to an existing ArcGIS Online (AGO) account. As shown in Figure 5, users should
sign into their AGO account if they are planning to leverage AGO resources. EPA users can access
their Esri Enterprise login credentials by using their portal ID or PIV card access credentials.
NOTE: Users do not need to login to use TOTS.

Basemap Legend

v <3> Sampling Plan

Zoom to Layer

Delete Layer

ILJ

o llol

East Building

0 II

<§> Main Building

r\ *

Figure 4. Legend Feature

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Figure 5. Authentication Examples

The "Contact Us" button available on the right side of the top toolbar (as shown in Figure 2) is used
to submit comments, questions, feature requests, bugs to the Homeland Security Research Program.

Help

The "Help" button on the bottom of the left
navigation menu (as shown in Figure 2) is used
to display the Getting Started screen as shown in
Figure 6. A quick overview of the key steps to
get started using TOTS is displayed.

Getting Started

Create sampling designs and estimate the associated resource demand through
interactive, point-and-dick tools to visually develop sampling plans. Review an overview of
the steps below:

• Locate - Start here to zoom to a location on the map to create a sampling design for
an outdoor area.

• Add Data - Begin with an existing sampling design or add an indoor environment
representation to begin. Layers to bring to your project include:

o Samples: Layer containing pre-existing samples

o Reference Layer Additional contextual reference layers to include in your analysis

(e.g.. building footprints, landmarks, etc.).
o Area of Interest: A polygon file that bounds the extent of your project area.
o Visual Sample Plan (VSP): Add an externally generated Visual Sample Plan (VSP)

layer to analyze and/or use in conjunction with targeted sampling,
o Contamination Map: When in training mode, add a layer that includes the area and
concentrations of contamination.

• Create Plan - Identify the layer on which to base your plan, give it a name and
description and plot targeted samples or use the "Add Multiple Random Samples" to
plot multiple samples of the same type in a specified area of interest. A Resource Tally
will update as you continue building your plan.

• Calculate Resources — Default resource constraints are provided to estimate the cost
and time required to implement the designed plan. You can change the default
parameters to reflect scenario-specific constraints and to support conducting "what-if"
scenarios. Detailed results can be downloaded into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

• Publish Plan - Save and/or share your plan to ArcGIS Online as a hosted feature layer.
You must be logged into your ArcGIS Online account to use this feature.

Figure 6. Help Widget

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Navigation Features

Locate

The "Locate" tab on the left navigation menu is used to zoom
to a location of interest on the map. As shown in Figure 7, an
address or place can be entered and searched.

• "Find address or place" is used for finding a location on
the map and zooming to that location

Alternatively, users can manually zoom to a location by
hovering their mouse over the map and using the scroll wheel,
by pressing the +/- buttons on the top right of the map, or by
pressing the button in the top right corner of the map.

$ Add Data

Locate

Start here to zoom to a location on the
map to create a sampling design for an
outdoor area. Otherwise, proceed to the
Add Data step if you have existing
sampling designs that you would like to
add to the tool or have indoor
environment representations to add to
support designing a plan for an indoor
environment.

This step is optional. If users intend to add external layers,
they can skip this tab and go to "Add Data." TOTS will
automatically zoom to the layers added through "Add Data."
The "Add Data" or "Next" buttons are used to continue to
the next step.

Figure 7. Locate Tab

14

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Add Data

The "Add Data" tab on the left navigation menu is
used to begin with an existing sampling design or to
add an indoor environment representation. This step is
optional. If users do not have any supporting data, they
can continue to the "Create Plan" step.

External data can be added to TOTS in three forms: 1)
from ArcGIS Online, 2) from a URL, or 3) from a file.
As shown in Figure 8, users can use the first drop
down to select how they are going to add external data.
To add data from AGO, users must select "Search for
Layers" in the "Add Data" drop down, find the layer
using the search features, and then click the "Add"
button for the desired layer.

• Data Location — Allows user to choose from
one of four ways to further filter data:

"ArcGIS Online" shows all publicly available
layers in ArcGIS Online, "My Content" shows
all layers available in the user's ArcGIS Online
account, "My Organization" shows all layers
available through the user's organization, and
"My Groups" shows all layers available to all
members associated with a defined Group..

Users must login to ArcGIS Online
through TOTS to use the "My Content,"
"My Organization," and "My Groups"
filter options.

Q Locate

Add Data

Calculate
Resources

Q Help

Add Data

Search for Layers

Data Location

ArcGIS Online
Search

EPA
Sort By

Title | v i

The following links exitthe site exit

CREAT_weathei_statio...

Feature Service by ana.rosner_EPA
J Layer Details

"Smoky Coal" Bail Area...

Feature Service by Esri_cy_IE

Layer Details

05. Rios del Mundo - Co...

Map Service by carlosguallartmoreno

Layer Details

0_25_Mi_Travel_from_...

Figure 8. Add Data Tab
(from ArcGIS Online)

• Search — Allows users to further filter results by searching for layer names or keywords.

• Sort By — Allows users to sort the results by relevance, title, owner, rating, views, or date. The
user can also change whether the results are sorted in ascending or descending order by clicking
the up/down arrow to the right of the "Sort By" drop down. The sort order buttons are not
available if "Relevance" is selected in the "Sort By" drop down.

• Add - Adds Hie layer to Hie map. If the layer was published by TOTS, then the layer will

automatically be added as a Sample Layer type. If the layer was not published by TOTS, then
it is added as a Reference Layer type.

• Remove — Removes the layer from the map.

• Layer Details — Links to Hie layer in ArcGIS Online.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

To add data from a URL, users must select the "Add Layer from Web" in the "Add Data" drop
down, select the layer type using the "Type" drop down, enter the URL into the "URL" text box,
and click the "Add" button. Figure 9 shows the "Add Layer from Web" screen. Layers added by
URL are always added as reference layers.

• Type — Identifies the type of layer to which
the URL refers. Users can choose from one
of the following five types:

o ArcGIS Server web service - Map,
image or feature resource that is
located on an ArcGIS Server site.

WMS OGC web service - Feature
service that follows the OGC Web
Feature Service specification.

KML file — File containing a set of
geographic features.

GeoRSS file — Web feed that
includes geographic features and
locations.

CSV file — Web-based, comma-
separated values text file that includes
location information.

• URL — Lists the URL of the layer to be
added.

• Sample URL(s) - Displays a list of
sample URL layers. The list changes
depending on the "Type" selection.

• Add — Adds the URL layer to the map.

Q Locate

Add Data

Calculate
Resources

Q Help

Add Data

| Add Layer from Web

You car add the following types of
layers through a URL:

ArcGIS Server web service - map,
image, or feature resource that is
located on an ArcGIS Server site

WMS OGC web service - feature service
that follows the OGC Web Feature
Service specification

KML file - File containing a set of
geographic features.

GeoRSS file - web feed that includes
geographic features and locations.

CSV file - web-based, comma-separated
values text file that includes location
information

Type

An ArcGIS Server Web Service
URL

SAMPLE URL(S)

Figure 9. Add Data Tab (Add Layer from
Web)

To add data from a file, users must select the "Add Layer from File" option in the "Add Data" drop
down, select a layer type using the "Layer Type" drop down, select a "Sample Type" (only for VSP layer
types), and then browse to the file or drag and drop the file. Figure 10 shows the "Add Layer from File"
screen. TOTS supports the following file types: Shape File, CSV, KML, GPX and Geo JSON.

Only files with layers having fewer than 4,000 features can imported. For Reference Layer
Types with more than 4,000 features, users can store the reference layer on ArcGIS Online and
add the layer via the "Search for Layers" option.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

• Layer Type — Identifies the type of layer being
added. User can choose from the following five
types:

o Samples — A layer containing features

representing samples. This layer can be used
to create a sampling plan. Table 1 provides a
list of required attributes for this layer type.

o Reference Layer - A layer that can be used
to help users plot samples. This layer type is
only for reference on the map and cannot be
used with any of the other TOTS features.

This layer type does not have any required
attributes.

o Area of Interest - A layer that is used to
give users an idea of where the samples
should be plotted. This layer type does not
have any required attributes.

o VSP — A layer containing features (samples)
representing the selected "Sample Type."

This option has an additional "Sample Type"
selection that is used to set the attributes of
the features in the layer. This layer can be
used to create a sampling plan. Table 1
provides a list of required attributes for this

layer type. Figure 10. Add Data Tab (Add Layer from

o Contamination Map - Available only in File)

training mode. This layer type is used to

determine whether any samples plotted in the active sampling layer intersect with a
contaminated zone defined in the contamination map. This layer is hidden from the map
and the "Legend" widget until users click the "View Contamination Hits" button on the
"Calculate Resources" tab. After the "View Contamination Hits" button is clicked, the
layer is visible in the "Legend" widget where users can choose to make the layer visible on
the map.

• Sample Type — Determines what values are assigned to the attributes of the VSP samples. It is
only available if the "VSP" layer type is selected. . Users can choose from one of six pre-defined
sample types (Sponge, Micro Vac, Wet Vac, Robot, Aggressive Air, or Swab) or a custom sample
type.

• Generalize features for web display - Simplifies Hie geometry for faster rendering. This option
should only be used if users are encountering performance issues when working with large
datasets. This setting can affect the accuracy of calculations since it can affect the area of the
features.

When users are finished adding all supporting external data, they click the "Create Plan" tab or "Next"
button to continue.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Create Plan

The "Create Plan" tab on the left navigation menu is used to create one or more sampling plans. As
shown in Figure 11, the "Create Plan" panel can be used to manually place/draw samples on the map,
generate random samples, create custom sample types, and enable training mode. Users must first provide
a "Plan Name," optionally provide a "Plan Description," and click "Save." Features available in the
"Create Plan" panel are described below.

• Training Mode - Enables/disables training mode.

When Training Mode is enabled, the "Contamination
Map" layer type option is enabled on the "Add Layer
from File" of the "Add Data" tab and the "Include
Contamination Map" option is enabled on the "Calculate
Resources" tab. Training Mode is disabled by default.

• Auto Zoom — Enables/disables the auto zoom feature.
When enabled, TOTS will automatically zoom to the
extent of a sample each time a user plots a sample and
when users select a different sampling plan. Auto Zoom
is disabled by default.

• Start Over — Clears all progress in the current session and
refreshes TOTS to start over from scratch. Users will
remain logged into their AGO account.

• Delete All Samples — Deletes all samples on the "Active
Sampling Layer."

Locate

Add Data

I Create

' Plan

Calculate
Resources

Create Plan star?0ver

D Training Mode
D Auto Zoom

Delete All
Samples

Create a sampling plan with one or
more layers. Layers can represent
unique areas of interest or decision
units that are differentiated by the user-
defined descriptions (e.g., Floor 1, East
Stairwell, Team 1, etc.). Enter a plan
name and description and click Save.

Note: Your work in TOTS only persists as
long as your current browser session. Be
sure to download results and/or publish
your plan to retain a copy of your work.

Plan Name
Enter Plan Name

Plan Description
Enter Plan Description (2048 character

• Plan Name — Lists the name of the plan. This field is
limited to 255 characters.

• Plan Description - Provides an optional description of
the plan. This field is limited to 2048 characters.

Figure 11. Create Plan Tab

Save — Temporarily saves the "Plan Name" and "Plan

Description" within the current session. If the user is logged into ArcGIS Online, this button also
verifies the entered "Plan Name" is not already in use on their account and organization.

After the "Save" button is clicked, the plan controls and layer controls are enabled as shown in Figure 12,
which allows users to create plans and associate layers.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Specify Plan — Selects any plan a user has created.

5 Changing the "Specify Plan" menu selection will
automatically update the Resource Tally in the left navigation
menu and update the "Active Sampling Layer" drop down.
Users can use this menu selection to quickly toggle between
plans to get a quick comparison between two plans. If user
have the Auto Zoom feature turned on, changing this
selection will also zoom to all of the samples that comprise
the selected plan.

Specify Plan
New Scenario

Active Sampling Layer

Ef +

S3 Ef +

Main Building Floor 1

NEW SCENARIO

Main Building Floor 1

Main Building Floor2

UNLINKED LAYERS

West Building Floor 1

targetedSamples.zip

• Delete Plan (OB button) - Deletes the plan. Figure 12. Layer Linkage Status

• Edit Plan (button) — Edits the plan name and/or plan description.

• Add Plan (+ button) - Adds a new plan.

• Active Sampling Layer — Selects a layer to edit. A layer must be selected in the "Active Sampling
Layer" menu to plot samples on a layer, add notes to a sample, or change the layer to which a
sample belongs.

• Delete Layer ("H button) - Deletes the layer.

• Link/Unlink Layer (<^ button/iS button) — Links/unlinks the layer to the selected plan. The
link button can also be used to link "Samples" or "VSP" layers that were added from a file or
ArcGIS Online during the "Add Data" step. The "Active Sampling Layer" drop down menu is
organized to make it easy to see which layers are part of the selected plan and which layers are
unlinked.

• Edit Layer (button) - Edits the layer name.

• Add Layer ("t" button) — Adds a new layer to the selected plan. This button also displays a link to
the "Add Data" tab where users can import a "Samples" layer from a file.

Users can create as many plans as they want for comparison purposes. Each plan can support multiple
layers, which is helpful for organizing samples during plan creation. When a plan is published, the layers
are combined into a single layer to facilitate importing the output into other field data acquisition tools
such as Esri Collector and Survey 123. Figure 13 shows the relationship hierarchy between plans, layers,
and samples.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Figure 13. Plan/Layer Relationship Hierarchy

As shown in Figure 13, there is a one-to-many relationship between a plan and the associated layers.
TOTS provides flexibility to users to define what is represented within a layer. For example, a layer
could be a two-dimensional representation of a floor in a multistory building, a layer could be a
specific decision unit, or a specific location of interest (e.g., stairwell #2). One or more sample types,
of user-defined quantities, can be plotted on each layer. TOTS then aggregates the resource demand
estimates for all layers that are actively "linked" to a sampling plan.

ADD TARGETED SAMPLES

Users can manually plot/draw samples using the "Add Targeted Samples" area in the "Create Plan"
panel as shown in Figure 14. Buttons with the icon are point samples, which are simply placed on
the map by clicking. Buttons with the S icon are polygon samples that need to be drawn on the
map. Polygon samples are drawn by clicking on the map to place vertices and then double clicking
on the last vertex to complete the drawing. As users add samples to the map, the counts on the
buttons are updated to indicate how many samples of that type are on the map. These buttons are
highlighted, when a user clicks on them, to indicate the drawing tool is active. When the sample
button is active, users can add multiple samples of that type by clicking multiple times on the map.

Users can select from both established sample types, or from custom sample types that they have
created (see Create Custom Sample Types).

-------
USER'S GUIDE

•	Established Sample Types - Shows sample types that
are included with TOTS. The parameters for these
sample types were developed through HSRP research.

•	Custom Sample Types - Shows sample types that are
created by a user. "Custom Sample Types" can be used
to explore "what if scenarios and or experimental
sampling methods.

After samples are placed on the map, users can adjust the
color and outline color of samples to their liking using the
"Symbology Settings" as shown in Figure 15. Users can click
the color next to either Fill/Outline to select the coloring of
their choice. To accept the color, users click anywhere on the
map.

This adjustment is useful when using a basemap that
conflicts with the default color scheme. Changes in
symbology settings will affect the colors of all "Samples,"
"VSP," "Area of Interest," and "Contamination Map" layers
items.

v Ad d Ta rgeted Sa m p les

Click on a sample type to enable TOTS
drawing mode. Click on the map layer
to draw a sample point. Optionally, add
any relevant notes. Click Save. Repeat
these steps to continue adding targeted
samples. Use the "Add Multiple Random
Samples" feature below to add more
than one sample point at a time.

Established Sample Types

Sponge

72

Micro Vac

14

E

Wet Vac

3

E

Robot

E

Aggressive
Air

S

Swab

Custom Sample Types

E

Drone

Figure 14. Add Targeted Samples

Symbology Settings

Fill	Outline

rem<

Spe<

Ne







\

Acti\
ne







1















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or m

9S969S 15C 150 150

H L

Hex RGB

/

A

Syr

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Fill	Outline

Figure 15. Symbology Settings

21

-------
USER'S GUIDE

When a user clicks on a sample on the map, a pop-up box is displayed over the map as shown in Figure
16. The box displays attributes about the sample and provides access to several quick features, including
the ability to delete the sample, change the layer with which the sample is associated, or enter a note. If a
user has the "Create Plan" tab open, the pop-up will automatically be docked. Features are described in
more detail below:

• Delete Sample ( - button) - Deletes the sample.

• View in Table (S button) — Views the sample in the attribute table. This button will open the
attribute table and scroll to the sample.

• Zoom to (4 button) — Zooms to the sample.

• Dock/Undock (— button/ 5 button) — Docks the pop-up to the side/undocks the pop-up to
make it float over the sample.

• Close ( ' button) — Closes the pop-up.

• Attribute List — Lists all the attribute values for the sample in a table. Initially only the first five
attributes are visible. Users can click the "Show More" link to view all the attributes.

• Show More/Less — Shows all the sample
attributes/reverts to only viewing the first
five attributes.

• Layer — Displays the layer name to which
the sample belongs. Users can change the
layer association by selecting a different
layer from the drop down. This feature is
useful if a user accidentally plots/draws a
sample on the wrong layer. The layer
change takes affect after clicking the
"Save" button.

• Note — Provides field for entering sample
level notes. These notes are available in
the download on the "Calculate
Resources" tab, and the notes are available
in ArcGIS Online after the sample plan is
published.

• Save — Saves layer changes and any notes
entered.

I S Q,

Layer

West Building Floor 1

Sample Type

Drone

Reference Surface Area (sq inch)

144000

Actual Surface Area (sq inch)

Equivalent TOTS Samples

'A' Show More

Layer:

West Building Floor 1

Note:

Save

Figure 16. Edit Sample Pop-up

-------
USER'S GUIDE

SAMPLE ATTRIBUTE TABLE

The sample attribute table is a feature that shows all the samples and their associated attributes in
tabular form as shown in Figure 17. Once samples are added to the map, the sample attribute

feature becomes available. Users can either open the sample attribute table by clicking the ^ .
button at the bottom of the map or by clicking a sample on the map and then click the "View in

Table" button on the pop-up. Users can also hide the sample attribute table by clicking the v ..
button.

If a user clicks a row in the sample attribute table, the associated sample is highlighted. If a user
clicks a sample on the map, the associated row in the sample attribute table is highlighted. The
handle can be used to adjust the height of the table. The button can be used to zoom to that
sample on the map.

Trade-off Tool for Sampling (TOTS)

Basemap Legend Login Contact Us

Q Locate

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Esri Community Maps Contributors, City of Chesapeake. VITA, BuildingFootprintUSA, Esri, HERE, Garmin, SafeGraph, INCREMENT P, METI/NASA, USGS. EPA, NPS, US Census I

Samples (Count: 89)

Sponge

Sponge
Sponge
Sponge
Sponge
Wet Vac
Wet Vac

Figure 17. Sample Attribute Table

Plan

I Calculate
Resources

Publish
¦ Plan

O Help

? The attribute table can be helpful to confirm the inclusion of very small samples (e.g., 4" x
4" swab) at their true size. Depending on the zoom level of the map, some samples might not
be visible due to limitations of rendering very small points at a certain zoom scale. The
attribute table (and counts shown on the sample type buttons) will reflect the number of
samples that are associated with the plan. Alternatively, switching to "Point" view will display
an icon representing every plotted sample point.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

ADD MULTIPLE RANDOM SAMPLES

Users can plot multiple samples at once using the "Add Multiple Random Samples" feature as shown in
Figure 18. To use this tool, users must click the "Draw Sampling Mask" button, draw a bounding box on
the map (where the samples will be plotted), select a "Sample Type," enter the "Number of Samples" to
generate, and then click "Submit." Once the random samples are plotted on the map, the sampling
mask(s) that was previously drawn on the map is discarded. Users can continue adding more batches of
samples by repeating this process of drawing sampling masks and submitting samples to plot.

Alternatively, users can use an existing file to bound the samples. Users would choose to "Use Imported
Area of Interest," select an "Area of Interest Mask," specify a "Sample Type," enter the "Number of
Samples" to generate, and then click "Submit." When using the "Use Imported Area of Interest" option,
the "Area of Interest Mask" is not removed from the map. Features in this panel are described in detail
below.

v Add Multiple Random Samples

Select "Draw Sampling Mask" to draw a
boundary on your map for placing
samples or select "Use Imported Area of
Interest" to use an Area of Interest file to
place samples. Select a Sample Type
from the menu and specify the number
of sam pies to add. Click Su bmit to add
samples,

# Oraw Sampling Mask
O Use Imported Area of Interest

B Oraw Sampling Mask
Sairole -ype

of Saripies

v Add Multiple Random Samples

Select "Draw Sampling Mask" to draw a
boundary on 73*-f~r clacirg
samples or se.ect 'Use Irr nortec A-eaof
Interest" to use an Ansa o* Interest 'He to
place samples. Seiact a 5a.-r.pte Type
from fie men^ and specify the number
of samples to acid. Click Submit to add
samp.es.

Dra.v 5a~i-'li'ig l.'ask

jf Interest

A-ea o" I'te-'esi Mask

Sample Type
Sponge

Number of Samples
33

bmit

Figure 18. Add Multiple Random Samples

• Draw Sampling Mask — Selects the option to draw a sampling mask for use as the bounding
box.

• Use Imported Area of Interest - Selects the option to use an imported area of interest as the
bounding box.

• ^ Draw Sampling Mask — Draws a sampling mask feature on the map. This sampling mask
acts as a bounding box that will contain the randomly generated samples.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

• Area of Interest Mask — Selects the area of interest layer. This area of interest layer acts as a
bounding box that will contain the randomly generated samples.

• Add — Navigates to the "Add Data" tab to facilitate adding an Area of Interest layer.

• Sample Type — Selects the type of sample to be randomly generated and plotted on the map. All
the default parameters associated with the selected sample type are applied to the samples that are
generated. Users can select between the established sample types (Sponge, Microvac, Wet Vac,
Robot, Aggressive Air, or Swab) or custom sample types.

• Number of Samples — Lists the number of samples to generate randomly. If a user draws or
adds multiple sample masks, each area will get this many samples.

• Submit — Generates the random samples on the map and removes any sampling masks that were
drawn on the map. If there are multiple sample masks, then each sample mask will get the
number of samples entered in the "Number of Samples" input. The "Submit" button is not
visible until a user adds a sampling mask to the map.

CREATE CUSTOM SAMPLE TYPES

Users can create custom sample types for testing "what if' scenarios and experimental scenarios as shown
in Figure 19. The established sample types cannot be edited or deleted. Users can view the values of
established sample types and clone (create a copy) of any of the established sample types, or previously
created custom sample types, to use as a starting point for a new sample type. Custom sample types can
be used with imported VSP files from the "Add Data" tab and with the "Add Multiple Random Samples"
feature on the "Create Plan" tab. Custom Sample Type controls are described in detail below.

• Sample Type — Selects the sample type to manage and or
view.

re?,te v.i"orr Sa

Delete Custom Sample Type (¦ button) - Deletes the
custom sample type. This cannot be used with the
established sample types: Swab, Sponge, Microvac, Wet Vac,
Robot, and Aggressive Air.

Clone (® button) — Clones the sample type. The Clone
can be used to create a new sample type that is based on an
existing sample type. The new sample type must have a
unique name.

Edit (2f button) — Edits the parameters of an existing
custom sample type. This button is not available for
established sample types.

Add (+ button) — Creates a new custom sample type from
scratch.

Choose an existing sample type from
the menu or click + to add a new sample
type from scratch. You have the option
clone or view an existing sample type.
Populate or edit the parameter fields
and click Save. Once you have saved a
custom i-3"np:f ;,ou tell: ar-c-or
tfelete the pa*anet€ri usHg ac-c'tkrai
controls now avahabic to you.

>3™p - Ty??
Gr'ao

i m of +

Figure 19. Custom Sample
Type Controls

-------
USER'S GUIDE

As shown in Figure 20, users are prompted to enter the following
information when creating or editing a custom sample type:

•	Symbology Settings — Assign the fill and outline colors for the
sample type.

•	Point Style — Select the sample type shape when users view the
sample in "Points" view.

•	Sample Type Name - Provides the name of the sample type.
This name should be unique.

•	Reference Surface Area - Provides the anticipated surface area
covered by the sample type. The actual geometry drawn on the
map might not match this value, especially for hand drawn
"Polygon" samples.

•	Shape Type — Selects the type of shape: "Point" or "Polygon." If
"Point" is selected, users will just click on the map and a box of
fixed size is placed on the map. If "Polygon" is used, users will
need to draw the sample on the map.

x l +

Symbology Settings
r..

Time to Prepare Kits — Provides the number of hours it takes to
prepare kits for a single sample.

Time to Collect — Provides the number of hours to collect a
single sample.

Time to Analyze — Provides the number of hours to analyze a
single sample.

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU) -

Provides the smallest concentration that can be reliably measured
from a porous surface. It is used as a reference only and is not used
in any calculations. This value is visible in sample pop-ups.

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample
(CFU) — Provides the smallest concentration that can be reliably
measured from a nonporous surface. It is used as a reference only
and is not used in any calculations. This value is visible in sample
pop-ups.

Sampling Material Cost - Provides the cost, in dollars, for the
materials required to take a single sample.

Waste Volume — Provides the approximate waste volume, in liters
per sample, that can occur for a single sample.

Figure 20. Custom
Sample Type Inputs

26

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USER'S GUIDE

• Waste Weight — Provides the approximate waste weight, in pounds per sample, that can occur
for a single sample .

• Analysis Labor Cost — Provides the labor cost, in dollars, to analyze a single sample.

• Analysis Material Cost — Provides the material cost, in dollars, to analyze a single sample.

• Cancel — Cancels create a new sample type or changes to an existing sample type.

• Save — Saves a new sample type or changes to an existing sample type.

RESOURCE TALLY

TOTS provides a quick view of the current resource tally with high-level metrics of the selected
sampling plan. As shown in Figure 21, the Resource Tally is displayed in the center of the left
navigation menu and dynamically changes as changes to the sampling
plan are made. Resource tally metrics presented include:

• Total Cost — Aggregates sampling cost and analysis cost for the
sampling plan. This value includes the cost of all layers associated
with the sampling plan.

Resource Tally
Total Cost: $8,336
'mr $3,948
A $4,383
Max Time day(s): 1.4
Tfcl.l
A 1.4

• Sampling Cost — Lists the subset of Total Cost
associated with sampling activities (sampling labor cost +
sampling material cost) of the sampling plan. This value
includes the cost of all layers associated with the sampling
plan.

A Analysis Cost — Lists the subset of Total Cost
associated with analysis costs (analysis labor cost +
analysis material cost) of the sampling plan. This value includes the cost of all layers
associated with the sampling plan.

Max Time day(s) — Lists the maximum time necessary to execute the sampling plan. This
value is either the total time to complete sampling or the total time to complete the analysis,
whichever is greater.

Limiting Factor

& Analysis

Figure 21. Resource Tally

Sampling Time - Lists the total time to complete sampling.

A Analysis Time — Lists the total time to complete the analysis. If the limiting
factor is "Analysis," then an additional day will be added to this value to account for
shipping time.

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USER'S GUIDE

• Limiting Factor — Lists either "Sampling" or "Analysis," depending on which item requires
more time to complete.

(

5 The Resource Tally widget is
least one sample. Users should be

only visible once the user has selected a sampling plan with at
sure that their sampling layer is linked to their sampling plan.

Once users are satisfied with the sampling plan they have created, they can click "Calculate Resources" or
"Next" to view a more detailed breakdown of resource demand calculations.

Calculate Resources

Clicking on the "Calculate
Resources" tab on the left
navigation menu allows
users to view estimates of
the cost and time that is
required to implement the
designed plan. Estimates
are based on default
parameters and reflect
scenario-specific
constraints. Note: the
"Create Plan" step must be
completed prior to using
this tab. As shown in
Figure 22, the "Calculated
Resources" tab is used to
perform calculations on the
active sampling plan and
displays a detailed
summary of estimates.

Users can tweak resource

constraints, as shown in Figure 23, to see how these values will impact resource demand estimates for the
sampling plan. Users can also download results to an Excel spreadsheet (includes a detailed summary and
a screenshot of the map) and "View Contamination Hits" when in training mode. Refer to Chapter 2 for
information on the methodology behind the calculations.

Calculate

Summary

Q, Locate

Resources

Plan Name: New Scenario
Plan Description: This scenario is for... sho

^ Add Data

Default resource constraints are
provided to estimate the cost and time

Sampling Plan

» Create
t plan

required to implement the designed

Total Number of User-Defined Samples:

plan. You can change the default

Total Number of Samples:

parameters to reflect scenario-specific

Total Cost (S):

18,272.4

Calculate
A W Resources

constraints and to support conducting

Total Time (days):

2.9

"what-if" scenarios. Click View Detailed

Limiting Time Factor:

Sampling

~ Publish
¦=¦ Plan

Results to display a detailed summary
of the results. Click Next to publish your

Sampling Operation

plan.

Total Required Sampling Time (team hrs):
Time to Complete Sampling (days):

14.57
2.914

Resource Tally
Total Cost: $18,272

Plan Name: New Scenario

Total Sampling Labor Cost ($):

6,119.4

Plan Description: This scenario is for...

Total Sampling Material Cost ($):

5,091

tSr $11,210
A $7,062

Analysis Operation

Max Time day(s): 2.9

Number of Available Teams for

Total Required Analysis Time (lab hrs):

10.7

*8? 2.9

A 0.4

Sampling

Time to Complete Analyses (days):

0.446

Total Analysis Labor Cost ($):

2,734

Limiting Factor

Total Analysis Material Cost ($):

4,328

f&r Sampling

Personnel per Sampling Team

Details

Q Help

Sampling Team Hours per Shift
c

Spatial Information

Total Sampled Area (ft2):

18,236.626

Figure 22. Calculate Resources Tab

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USER'S GUIDE

Plan Name — Displays the name of the plan that was selected in the
"Specify Plan" drop down of the "Create Plan" tab.

Plan Description — Provides a description of the currently selected
plan.

Number of Available Teams for Sampling - Displays the number
of teams that will be used for sampling purposes. The default value is
1.

Plan Nsma: New Scenario

Pton Description: Th:s scenario is for
demonstratlor pi.-poses, show tesi

Number of Available Teams for
Sampling

f«scnre. p«" Sarpling "ean

Personnel per Sampling Team — Displays the number of
personnel on each sampling team. The default value is 3.

Sampling Team Hours per Shift - Displays the number of hours
per shift. The default value is 5.

Sampling Team Shifts per Day - Displays the number of shifts
per day. The default value is 1.

Sampling Team Labor Cost ($/hr) - Displays the labor cost, in
dollars, per team per hour. The default value is $420.

Number of Available Laboratories for Analysis - Displays the
number of laboratories that will be used to analyze the samples
collected. The default value is 1.

Analysis Laboratory Hours per Day - Displays the number of
hours the laboratory can dedicate to analyzing samples per day. The
default value is 24.

::'Z~*a-r Hcurs

' Shift

S- -lS oe^Da/

\i.t be' cf Ava'labia Labs far Anal;
24

:-:pt:o"a

740 0

Figure 23. Calculate
Resources Inputs

Area of Interest Surface Area - Estimates the surface area being
sampled. If this value is greater than 0, additional outputs are displayed in the output of "View
Detailed Results."

• View Detailed Results — Runs the calculations and displays a detailed summary report of the
sampling plan. The summary report includes a "Download" button, where a user can download a
Microsoft Excel version of the summary report that includes a screenshot of the map.

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USER'S GUIDE

If "Training Mode" was enabled on the "Create Plan" tab, the "Include
Contamination Map" section is available as shown in Figure 24. This
feature compares the selected sampling plan to a "Contamination Map"
and highlights any samples that intersect with a feature in the
"Contamination Map" layer. This feature is useful for testing the
effectiveness of a sampling plan in a classroom setting.

Include Contamination Map
(Optional)

Contamination map
Contamination.zip

• Contamination Map - Provides the Contamination Map layer
to compare against the sampling plan.

• Add — Navigates to the "Add Data" tab, so users can add a
Contamination Map layer.

View Contamination Hits

Figure 24. View Contamination
Hits Options

View Contamination Hits - Compares the sampling plan against the selected Contamination
Map and highlights samples that would have detected a contaminant. The Contamination Map is
available in the "Legend" widget once "View Contamination Hits" is clicked where a user can
make the Contamination Map visible on the map. Figure 25 illustrates an example of the results of
"View Contamination Hits" feature.

| Trade off Tool for Sampling (TOTS) - TRAINING MODE

Basemap Legend Login Contact Us

1 <

X ^

Q. Locate

Analysis Lab Hours per Day

l+J

$ Add Data

* Create

• Plan

Surface Area (ft2) (optional)
7400

Ho)

| o |

Resource Tally
Total Cost: $47,551

Limiting Factor

£? Sampling

TRAINING MODE: If you have a
contamination layer, you can add here
and check if your sampling plan
captured the contamination zone.

Include Contamination Map
(Optional)

Contamination map
Contamination.zip | -
| Contamination Hits

4 sample(s) placed in contamii

» TA. BuildingFootprintUSA, Esrl. HERE. Gormin, SofcGroph. INCREMENT P. METI/NASA, USGS, EPA. NPS. US Census Bureau, USDA Powered by Esri

Figure 25. View Contamination Hits Results

When users have finished creating the sampling plan, they can click "Download" or publish their plan in
an AGO account by clicking "Publish" or "Next" to continue.

® If a user has generated multiple plans or instances of a plan that might vary by layer
association, they can toggle between the "Create Plan" and "Calculate Resources" tabs to
change the "active plan" and recalculate results. Users can download each instance of the
calculations to preserve any work from their session.

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USER'S GUIDE

Publish

This step allows users to publish sampling plans and custom sample types to their ArcGIS Online
account. Users can click the "Publish Plan" tab on the left navigation menu. As shown in Figure 26, users
will be prompted to login to their AGO account if they are not already. Users can either login by using the
"Login" button in the top toolbar or by clicking "Publish."

Locate

Add Data

Create
Plan

Calculate
Reso lines

Publish
Plan

Resource Tally
Total Cost: $47,551
4pS13,946

A $33,605
Max Time day(s): 4.4
&4.4

Az-r

Limiting Factor

Sampling

Publish Plan

Publish the created plan to ArcGIS Online.
A hosted feature layer is created in your
ArcGIS Online organization account. By
default, only you and the administrator
can access the feature layer created. To
allow others access to the plan, via
Collector or Surveyl23 for example, share

exit| the layer and file with everyone
(the public), your organization, or
members of specific groups. You can edit
item details and change feature laver
settings. BSffi

Plan Name: New Scenario
Plan Description: This scenario is for...
Show more

Please login to use this feature

$ Add Data

Resource Tally

Total Cost: $47,551
42r $13,946
A $33,605
Max Time day(s): 4.4

Limiting Factor

Afr Sampling

Publish Plan

exitJ the layer and file with everyone
(the public), your organization, or
members of specific groups. You can edit
item details and change feature laver

Plan Name: New Scenario

Plan Description: This scenario is for...

Figure 26. Publish Plan

If the plan name is already in use, users are prompted to change the plan name as shown in Figure 27.

Plan Name

Plan Name Not Available

k The "New Scenario" name is already in use.
Please rename the plan and try again.

Figure 27. Plan Name Not Available
Warning

By default, the plan/layer is accessible: only to the user who published the layer and the administrator of
the organization. To allow others access to the plan, via Collector, Surveyl23 or Field Maps, for example,
user can share the layer and file wife everyone (the public), their organization, or members of specific
groups. Users can also edit item details and change leature layer settings.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Publish Custom Sample Types

Custom sample types created by users can be published and
saved in a user' AGO account as content. Users will be
prompted to select one or more custom sample types from the
drop-down list as shown in Figure 28. Users can specify
whether to publish output to a new or existing feature service.
If appending output to an existing feature service, users will be
prompted to select the feature service from the drop-down list.

Publish custom sample tyses :o ArcGIS
C ' T St.-; : e : " : 'e

samo.s types 'rem the cos-oovn .ist
and specify whether to put:jut
to a new or existing feature service, if
a a sending outputt2 an exis: "I feature

•' jm

the drop-Sow" .ist. Click ^ublis"

Custom E; -

San-pie Types to Pi.oh'

: :: -e.. :e

bsh to existing feature Service

Figure 28. Publish Custom Sample
Types

Retrieve a Published Plan and Custom Sample Types

Published plans and custom sample types are saved in a user's ArcGIS Online account as content. TOTS
users can retrieve TOTS-generated content saved to their ArcGIS Online account for use in a future
TOTS session.

Published plans have a layer type of "TOTS Sampling Plans" and can be retrieved by following the "Add
Data" steps that are described above. Users can follow the steps below to link a published sampling plan
to a new TOTS scenario.

1. Start a new TOTS session.

2. Log into an AGO account to access "My Content."

3. Click on "Add Data" and select "My Content" from the "Data Location" drop-down.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

4. Select "TOTS Sampling Plans" from the "Type" drop-down.

5. Locate and select the previously published layer (i.e., sampling
plan).

6. Click the "Create Plan" tab on the left navigation menu. Enter
a Name and Description and click "Save."

7. Using the Active Sampling Layer controls shown in Figure 12,
click the ^ button to link the layer to the selected plan. The
previously published layer will be available for selection in the
"Active Sampling Layer" drop-down to "link to" the current
plan. Any features associated with the layer will be loaded into
the active sampling layer.

As shown in Figure 29, published custom sample plans have a layer
type of "TOTS Custom Sample Types" and can be retrieved by
following similar steps. Users can follow the steps below to retrieve a
custom sample type to use in a new TOTS scenario.

1. Start a new TOTS session.

2. Log into an AGO account to access "My Content."

3. Click on "Add Data" and select "My Content" from the "Data Location" drop-down.

4. Select "TOTS Custom Sample Types" from the "Type" drop-down.

5. Locate and select the previously published content (i.e., custom sample types).

6. Click the "Create Plan" tab on the left navigation menu. Enter a Name and Description and click
"Save."

7. The custom sample types will be available for selection in the "Add Targeted Samples" or "Add
Multiple Random Samples" to add to a sampling plan.

Add Data

ArcGIS Online

T/se

i 3 om SampleTvoes v

A;;

TOTS Sams.'-g ?.a-i

Figure 29. Select TOTS
Output Type

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Troubleshooting

Read about issues and resolutions to common problems

This chapter provides solutions to commonly found problems that users might
encounter when using TOTS.

Table 5. Troubleshooting Guide

Problem

Cause

Remedy

Unsupported Browser

TOTS uses features from the
ArcGIS JS API that are not
supported by Internet Explorer.

Open TOTS using one of the preferred
browsers, Chrome or Edge.

Web Service Error

Possible issue with the network
connection, TOTS GP Service
outage, or other web service
outages.

Retry the operation. If the issue persists, press
F12, copy any errors in the Console, and
submit a buc report to HSRP.

No Data

The file being imported does not
contain any data.

Ensure the file has features and re-import.

Missing Required Attributes

The layer being imported is missing
required attributes in one or more
of the features.

The incorrect layer type could have
been selected (e.g., attempting to
import a sample layer as a
contamination map).

Verify that the correct layer type was selected
and try again. If the issue persists, verify that
ALL the features in the file being imported
have ALL required attributes.

Unknown Sample Type

The sample file uploaded does not
contain the "TYPE" attribute.

Ensure that every feature in the file being
uploaded has the TYPE attribute.

Exceeded Transfer Limit

The request is too large for the GP
Service to handle.

If this occurs while using the "Add Multiple
Random Samples" tool, decrease the number
of samples to 1000 or less. If this occurs while
importing a VSP file, split up the VSP file into
multiple files, where each file has 1000 features
or less, and import them separately.

No Samples

Either no plan was selected, or the
selected plan has no samples added
to it prior to clicking the "View
Contamination Hits" button.

Go to the "Create Plan" tab and verify that a
plan is selected in the "Specify Plan" drop
down. Verify the selected plan has samples on
it.

No Contamination Map

No contamination map was
selected when using the "View
Contamination Hits" button.

Ensure that a Contamination Map was
selected. If there are no Contamination Maps
in the drop down, then click the "Add" button
and import a Contamination Map.

No Features in
Contamination Map

The Contamination Map file that
was imported does not contain any
features.

Ensure the Contamination Map file has
features and re-import.

This concludes the User's Guide. If users have any questions, please email the point of contact listed in
Chapter 1.

34

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USER'S GUIDE

Appendix A - Quick Start Guide

Learn about how to quickly access and use the tool

To access the tool, open a web browser and type https://tots-stage.app.cloud.gov/ into the address
bar. Please use one of the following supported web browsers: Chrome or Edge. TOTS uses tools
from the ArcGIS API that are not supported by Internet Explorer.

TOTS is used to create sampling designs and estimate the associated resource demand through interactive
point-and-click tools to visually develop sampling plans. The left navigation menu is used to move
through the various steps within TOTS as shown in Figure A-l. Review an overview of
the steps below:

o

o

o

o

Locate — Start here to zoom to a location on the map to create a sampling
design for an outdoor area.

Add Data — Begin with an existing sampling design or add an indoor
environment representation to begin. Layers to bring to the project include:
o Samples: Layer containing pre-existing samples.

Reference Layer: Additional contextual reference layers to include in
your analysis (e.g., building footprints, landmarks).

Area of Interest: A polygon file that bounds the extent of the project
area.

Visual Sample Plan (VSP): An externally generated Visual Sample
Plan (VSP) layer to analyze and/or use in conjunction with targeted
sampling.

Contamination Map: When in training mode, adds a layer that
includes the area and concentrations of contamination.

Create Plan — Select the layer on which to base the plan, give it a name and
description and add targeted samples or use the "Add Multiple Random
Samples" to draw multiple samples of the same type in a specified area of
interest. A Resource Tally will update as the plan is built. A companion
summary table is also available detailing the attributes of any samples that are
added to the plan. Create custom sample types or clone existing sample types
to support conducting "what-if' scenarios.

Calculate Resources — Review the default resource constraints that are
provided to estimate the cost and time required to implement the designed
plan. Change the default parameters to reflect scenario-specific constraints
and to support conducting "what-if' scenarios. Detailed results can be
downloaded into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.

Publish Plan — Save and/or share the plan to ArcGIS Online as a hosted
feature layer. Log into the ArcGIS Online account to use this feature.

Help — Use at any time to view the help widget.

-------
USER'S GUIDE

Appendix B - Sample Attributes

Use to reference the attribute values for each of the provided sample types

This appendix details the attribute values for each of the established sample types provided by TOTS.
Table B-l. Sponge Attributes	

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Sponge

Shape Type

ShapeType

Point

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

100

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

343.03

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

118

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

239

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

46.87

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.12

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.09

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.7

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

0.99

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

14

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

0

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

0.1

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

4.3

Table B-2. Microvac Attributes

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Micro Vac

Shape Type

ShapeType

Point

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

144

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

395.84

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

151

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

288

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

34.28

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.18

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.15

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.8

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

1.21

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

105

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

0

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

0.02

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

4.3

B-1

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USER'S GUIDE

Table B-3. Wet Vac Attributes

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Wet Vac

Shape Type

ShapeType

Polygon

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

28800

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

220

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

151

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

200

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

167

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.33

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.46

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.8

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

1.07

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

105

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

40

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

5

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

28.5

Table B-4. Robot Attributes

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Robot

Shape Type

ShapeType

Polygon

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

144000

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

267

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

200

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

288

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

400

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.33

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.3

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.7

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

1.12

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

105

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

140

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

0.5

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

10.5

B-2

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USER'S GUIDE

Table B-5. Aggressive Air Attributes

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Aggressive Air

Shape Type

ShapeType

Polygon

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

144000

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

267

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

118

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

200

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

207

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.33

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.5

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.5

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

1.12

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

0

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

0

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

0.1

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

5

Table B-6. Swab Attributes

Attribute Name

Abbreviation

Value

Sample Type

TYPE

Swab

Shape Type

ShapeType

Point

Reference Surface Area (in2)

SA

4

Total Cost Per Sample (Labor + Material + Waste)

TCPS

219

Analysis Labor Cost

ALC

118

Analysis Material Cost

AMC

239

Sampling Material Cost ($/sample)

MCPS

21

Time to Prepare Kits (person h/sample)

TTPK

0.12

Time to Collect (person h/sample)

TTC

0.07

Time to Analyze (person h/sample)

TTA

0.7

Total Time per Sample (person h/sample)

TTPS

0.89

Limit of Detection for Porous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_P

25

Limit of Detection for Nonporous Surfaces per Sample (CFU)

LOD_NON

0

Waste Volume (L/sample)

WVPS

0.01

Waste Weight (lb/sample)

WWPS

2

B-3

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USER'S GUIDE

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Homeland Security Research Program
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

-------