US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table March 2020 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3,4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Mixing / Loading Dry Flowable Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 227 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 51.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 41.2 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF (MEA) Mean 12.5 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 8.96 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.896 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.179 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF Mean 2.6 Mixing / Loading Granules Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 23.6 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 8.12 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 5.80 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 8.6 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.825 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.083 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.017 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 0.083 Mixing / Loading Liquids Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 220 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 37.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 29.1 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 8.6 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.219 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.022 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0044 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 0.083 Mixing / Loading Microencapsulates Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 220 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 37.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 29.1 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 8.6 Page 1 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.219 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.022 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0044 Engineering control (closed loading system) PHED "Best fit" 0.083 Mixing / Loading Wettable Powders Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF Mean 77.7 Single layer, gloves AHETF Mean 57.5 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF Mean 32.8 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF (MEA) Mean 12.5 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 2.75 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.275 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.055 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF Mean 2.6 Applicator, Aerial, Fixed-Wing Liquids Dermal Engineering control (Enclosed cockpit) AHETF (MEA) Mean 2.08 Inhalation Engineering control (Enclosed cockpit) AHETF (MEA) Mean 0.0049 Granules Dermal Engineering control (Enclosed cockpit) PHED "Best fit" 1.7 Inhalation Engineering control (Enclosed cockpit) PHED Mean 0.523 Applicator, Aerosol Can All sites (except animal treatments) Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 190000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 81000 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 64000 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 1041 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 104.1 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 20.82 Animal (pet and livestock) treatments Dermal Single layer, no gloves MRID 44433302 Mean 544000 Single layer, gloves (E) MRID 44433302 Mean 503000 Double layer, gloves (B, E) MRID 44433302 Mean 273000 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 44433302 Mean 3270 PF10 (C) MRID 44433302 Mean 327 PF50 (D) MRID 44433302 Mean 66 Applicator, Open Cab Airblast Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF Mean 1770 Page 2 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Single layer, gloves AHETF Mean 1590 Single layer, gloves, chemical- resistant hat AHETF (MEA) Mean 215 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF Mean 1480 Double layer, gloves, chemical-resistant hat (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 141 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) AHETF (MEA) Mean 14.6 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 4.71 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.471 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.094 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) AHETF Mean 0.068 Applicator, Open Cab Groundboom (tractor- and boat-mounted boom sprayers) Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 78.6 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 16.1 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 12.6 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) PHED "Best fit" 5.1 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.34 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.034 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0068 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) PHED Mean 0.02 Applicator, Open Cab Solid Broadcast Spreader (tractor- and boat-drawn spreaders) Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 9.9 Single layer, gloves (E) PHED "Best fit" 7.2 Double layer, gloves (B, E) PHED "Best fit" 4.2 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) PHED "Best fit" 2.0 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 0.518 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 0.0518 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.01 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) PHED Mean 0.109 Applicator, Granules by Hand Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) PHED "Best fit" 104000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 71000 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 40280 Page 3 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 380 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 38 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 7.6 Loader/Applicator, Brush/roller Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 180000 Single layer, gloves (E) PHED "Best fit" 24000 Double layer, gloves (B, E) PHED "Best fit" 22000 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 197 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 19.7 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 3.94 Loader/Applicator, Airless Sprayer Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED Mean 42600 MRID 43600102 Single layer, gloves (E) PHED Mean 11700 MRID 43600102 Double layer, gloves (B, E) PHED Mean 10600 MRID 43600102 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 560 MRID 43600102 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 56 MRID 43600102 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 11.2 MRID 43600102 Flagger Liquids Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 11 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 12 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 10.6 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 0.202 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 0.02 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.004 Granules Dermal Single layer, no gloves (F) PHED "Best fit" 2.75 Single layer, gloves (E, F) PHED "Best fit" 2.73 Double layer, gloves (E, G) PHED "Best fit" 1.59 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 0.127 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 0.0127 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.0025 Loader / Applicator, Belly Grinder Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 10000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 9300 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 5700 Page 4 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 80.6 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 8.06 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 1.61 Loader/Applicator, "Push-type" Rotary Spreader Dermal Single layer, no gloves ORETF Mean 440 Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 240 Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 130 Inhalation No Respirator ORETF Mean 10 PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 1.0 PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 0.2 Mixer / Loader / Applicator, Manually- pressurized Handwand Greenhouses, Wildlife management, Nurseries, Landscaping (turf, trees/bushes/shrubs, plants/flowers), Industrial/Commercial areas, Barn/Feedlot, Poultry house/bird treatment, Animal treatments, Interior landscaping, Aquatic areas, Exterior building components, Mushroom houses, Christmas Tree Farms, Mounds/nests Dermal Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 100000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 430 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 365 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 23.6 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 2.36 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.472 Food handling establishments, Warehouses, Structural treatments, Residential Living Spaces, Childcare centers/schools Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) PHED "Best fit" 29000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 8600 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 6200 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 1044 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 104 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 21 Mixer / Loader / Applicator, Backpack Sprayer General Broadcast/Foliar Applications Poultry house/bird treatments, Barn/Feedlot, Industrial/Commercial areas, Animal/Livestock treatments, Structural treatments Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) PHED "Best fit" 2510 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 2500 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 1600 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 27.6 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 2.76 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.552 Greenhouses Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF Mean 13200 Single layer, gloves AHETF Mean 11200 Page 5 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF Mean 6230 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 140 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 14 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 2.8 Nurseries, Christmas Tree Farms, Wildlife management, Rights-of-way, Forestry, Conifer Plantations, Landscaping (turf/plants/bushes/trees) Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA,/RA) Mean 58400 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA,/RA) Mean 30500 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA,/RA) Mean 16900 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 69.1 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 6.91 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 1.38 Foundation/perimeter treatments, Aquatic areas4 Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) MRID 44339801 Mean 8260 Single layer, gloves MRID 44339801 Mean 8260 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 44339801 Mean 4120 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 44339801 Mean 2.58 PF10 (C) MRID 44339801 Mean 0.258 PF50 (D) MRID 44339801 Mean 0.052 Ground/Soil-directed (e.g., drench treatments, herbicides in orchards, vineyards, and tree farms)5 Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) MRID 44339801 Mean 8260 Single layer, gloves MRID 44339801 Mean 8260 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 44339801 Mean 4120 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 44339801 Mean 2.58 PF10 (C) MRID 44339801 Mean 0.258 PF50 (D) MRID 44339801 Mean 0.052 Granule formulation applications Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) MRID 45167201 Mean 155 Single layer, gloves MRID 45167201 Mean 144 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 45167201 Mean 72.6 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 45250702 Mean 23.8 MRID 45167201 PF10 (C) MRID 45250702 Mean 2.38 MRID 45167201 PF50 (D) MRID 45250702 Mean 0.476 MRID 45167201 Mixer / Loader / Applicator, Mechanically- pressurized Handgun Sprayer Orchards, Vineyards, Specialty Agricultural Crops, Rights-of-way, Landscaping (non-turf), Industrial/Commercial areas, Aquatic areas, Wildlife management, Christmas Tree farms Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 6050 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 2050 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 1360 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 8.68 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.868 Page 6 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.174 Single layer, no gloves PHED "Best fit" 1800 Structural treatments, Warehouses, Poultry house/bird treatments, Barn/Feedlot, Animal/Livestock treatments Dermal Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 640 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 365 No Respirator PHED Mean 45.5 Inhalation PF10 (C) PHED Mean 4.55 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.91 Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (/RA) Mean 5950 Dermal Single layer, gloves AHETF (/RA) Mean 3610 Greenhouses, Nurseries, Mushroom houses Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (/RA) Mean 2990 No Respirator AHETF Mean 448 Inhalation PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 44.8 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 8.96 Single layer, no gloves (A) ORETF Mean 1140 Dermal Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 880 Liquids Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 450 No Respirator ORETF Mean 1.9 Inhalation PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 0.19 PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 0.038 Single layer, no gloves (A) ORETF Mean 1960 Water- dispersible Granules Dermal Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 1400 Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 740 No Respirator ORETF Mean 42 Inhalation PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 4.2 Turf (lawns, fields, golf courses) PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 0.84 Single layer, no gloves (A) ORETF Mean 1650 Dermal Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 1210 Wettable Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 630 Powders No Respirator ORETF Mean 250 Inhalation PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 25 PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 5 Single layer, no gloves (A) ORETF Mean 1350 Water- Dermal Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 855 soluble Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 458 Packets Inhalation No Respirator ORETF Mean 18 PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 1.8 Page 7 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 0.36 Mixer / Loader/Applicator, Handheld/Portable Fogger/Mister Dermal No data available Inhalation No Respirator MRID 49602401 Mean 8916 PF10 (C) MRID 49602401 Mean 892 PF50 (D) MRID 49602401 Mean 178 Mixer / Loader / Applicator, Stationary/Automatic Fogger/Mister (without re-entry restriction) Dermal No data available Inhalation No Respirator MRID 49602401 Mean 8916 PF10 (C) MRID 49602401 Mean 892 PF50 (D) MRID 49602401 Mean 178 Applicator, Stationary/Automatic Fogger/Mister (with re-entry restriction) Applicator not present, exposure assumed negligible. Applicator, Truck-mounted Fogger/Mister Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF Mean 1770 Single layer, gloves AHETF Mean 1590 Single layer, gloves, chemical- resistant hat AHETF (MEA) Mean 215 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF Mean 1480 Double layer, gloves, chemical-resistant hat (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 141 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) AHETF (MEA) Mean 14.6 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 4.71 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.471 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.094 Engineering control (Enclosed Cab) AHETF Mean 0.068 Mixer/Loader/Applicator, Termiticide Injection Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) PHED "Best fit" 1300 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 360 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 250 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 2.79 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 0.279 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 0.056 Pour in/on Liquids Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 220 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 37.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 29.1 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.219 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.022 Page 8 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0044 Granules Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 23.6 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 8.12 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 5.80 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.825 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.083 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.017 Dusts Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 227 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 51.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 41.2 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF (MEA) Mean 12.5 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 8.96 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.896 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.179 Engineering control (water-soluble packaging) AHETF Mean 2.6 Animal (pet and livestock) Treatments Back rubber Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 220 Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 37.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 29.1 Inhalation No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.219 PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.022 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0044 Collar Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) MRID 44433303 Mean 112000 Single layer, gloves MRID 44433303 Mean 67800 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 44433303 Mean 42000 Inhalation No Respirator Applicator inhalation exposure expected to be negligible. PF10 (C) PF50 (D) Dip Dermal Single layer, no gloves (F) MRID 45528801 Mean 54300 Single layer, gloves (F, E) MRID 45528801 Mean 53400 Double layer, gloves (G, E) MRID 45528801 Mean 25600 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 45528801 Mean 26.6 PF10 (C) MRID 45528801 Mean 2.66 PF50 (D) MRID 45528801 Mean 0.532 Dust bag Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 227 Page 9 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 51.6 Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 41.2 No Respirator AHETF Mean 8.96 Inhalation PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.896 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.179 Ear tag Applicator exposure expected to be negligible; chemical-resistant gloves recommended. Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 220 Dermal Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 37.6 Liquids Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 29.1 No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.219 Inhalation PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.022 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.0044 Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 227 Dermal Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 51.6 Feed-through Dust Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 41.2 No Respirator AHETF Mean 8.96 Inhalation PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.896 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.179 Single layer, no gloves (A) AHETF (MEA) Mean 23.6 Dermal Single layer, gloves AHETF (MEA) Mean 8.12 Granules Double layer, gloves (B) AHETF (MEA) Mean 5.80 No Respirator AHETF Mean 0.825 Inhalation PF10 (C) AHETF Mean 0.083 PF50 (D) AHETF Mean 0.017 Single layer, no gloves (F) MRID 44658401 Mean 2098000 Dermal Single layer, gloves (E, F) MRID 44658401 Mean 2052000 Shampoo Double layer, gloves (E, B) MRID 44658401 Mean 1029000 No Respirator MRID 44658401 Mean 292 Inhalation PF10 (C) MRID 44658401 Mean 29.2 PF50 (D) MRID 44658401 Mean 5.84 Single layer, no gloves (F) MRID 45528801 Mean 844000 Dermal Single layer, gloves (F, E) MRID 45528801 Mean 767000 Sponge Double layer, gloves (G, E) MRID 45528801 Mean 386000 No Respirator MRID 45528801 Mean 208 Inhalation PF10 (C) MRID 45528801 Mean 20.8 PF50 (D) MRID 45528801 Mean 4.16 Page 10 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) Spot-on Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) MRID 44433303 Mean 112000 Single layer, gloves MRID 44433303 Mean 67800 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 44433303 Mean 42000 Inhalation No Respirator Applicator inhalation exposure expected to be negligible. PF10 (C) PF50 (D) Loader / applicator, Bulb duster Dermal Single layer, no gloves ORETF Mean 166000 Single layer, gloves (E) ORETF Mean 24700 Double layer, gloves (E, B) ORETF Mean 20600 Inhalation No Respirator ORETF Mean 1690 PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 169 PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 33.8 Applicator, Wipe/Towelette Dermal Single layer, no gloves AEATFII Mean 2380000 Single layer, gloves (E) AEATFII Mean 238000 Double layer, gloves (E, B) AEATFII Mean 238000 Inhalation No Respirator AEATFII Mean 480 PF10 (C) AEATFII Mean 48 PF50 (D) AEATFII Mean 9.6 Loader / applicator, Cup Dermal Single layer, no gloves MRID 45333401 Mean 112 Single layer, gloves (E) MRID 45333401 Mean 11.2 Double layer, gloves (E) MRID 45333401 Mean 11.2 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 45333401 Mean 12.5 PF10 (C) MRID 45333401 Mean 1.25 PF50 (D) MRID 45333401 Mean 0.25 Loader / applicator, Spoon Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A, F) MRID 45250702 Mean 4170 Single layer, gloves (F) MRID 45250702 Mean 3030 Double layer, gloves (A, G) MRID 45250702 Mean 1580 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 45250702 Mean 121 PF10 (C) MRID 45250702 Mean 12.1 PF50 (D) MRID 45250702 Mean 2.42 Single-use Injection (gels/pastes) Applicator exposure expected to be negligible. Loader / applicator, Plunger duster Dermal Single layer, no gloves ORETF Mean 166000 Single layer, gloves (E) ORETF Mean 24700 Double layer, gloves (E, B) ORETF Mean 20600 Inhalation No Respirator ORETF Mean 1690 PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 169 Page 11 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 33.8 Applicator, Total-release Fogger Applicator exposure expected to be negligible. Applicator, Tree Injection Applicator exposure expected to be negligible. Applicator, Trigger-spray Bottle All application sites, except animals Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) ORETF Mean 3660 Single layer, gloves ORETF Mean 1800 Double layer, gloves (B) ORETF Mean 1110 Inhalation No Respirator ORETF Mean 61.2 MRID 41054701 MRID 44739301 PF10 (C) ORETF Mean 6.12 MRID 41054701 MRID 44739301 PF50 (D) ORETF Mean 1.22 MRID 41054701 MRID 44739301 Animal treatments Dermal Single layer, no gloves (F) MRID 44433302 Mean 544000 Single layer, gloves (F, E) MRID 44433302 Mean 503000 Double layer, gloves (G, E) MRID 44433302 Mean 273000 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 44433302 Mean 3300 PF10 (C) MRID 44433302 Mean 330 PF50 (D) MRID 44433302 Mean 66 Applicator, Shaker can Granules Dermal Single layer, no gloves MRID 45333401 Mean 112 Single layer, gloves (E) MRID 45333401 Mean 11.2 Double layer, gloves (E) MRID 45333401 Mean 11.2 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 45333401 Mean 12.5 PF10 (C) MRID 45333401 Mean 1.25 PF50 (D) MRID 45333401 Mean 0.25 Dusts Dermal Single layer, no gloves MRID 44439901 Mean 4042000 MRID 45519601 Single layer, gloves MRID 44439901 Mean 110000 MRID 45519601 Double layer, gloves (B) MRID 44439901 Mean 72600 MRID 45519601 Inhalation No Respirator MRID 44439901 Mean 17500 MRID 45519601 PF10 (C) MRID 44439901 Mean 1750 Page 12 of 17 ------- USEPA / Office of Pesticide Programs / Health Effects Division Occupational Pesticide Handler Unit Exposure Surrogate Reference Table Exposure Scenario (Activity, Equipment, Formulation, Site, etc.)1 Exposu re Route Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Level2 Data Source3'4,5 Statistic Unit Exposure (Hg/lb ai) MRID 45519601 PF50 (D) MRID 44439901 Mean 350 MRID 45519601 Trap/bait station Re-fillable Dermal Single layer, no gloves (A) PHED "Best fit" 104000 Single layer, gloves PHED "Best fit" 71000 Double layer, gloves (B) PHED "Best fit" 40280 Inhalation No Respirator PHED Mean 380 PF10 (C) PHED Mean 38 PF50 (D) PHED Mean 7.6 Single-use Applicator exposure expected to be negligible. 1 If the description of the scenario is silent on specific equipment, sites, formulations, etc., the data are applicable to all potential applications for that scenario. 2 Single layer = long-sleeve shirt, long pants, shoes plus socks. Double layer = "coveralls" in addition to single layer. Exposure monitoring data representing all levels of PPE for all scenarios are unavailable. In order to represent different PPE levels, exposure values are calculated using assumptions for the protection afforded by additional layers of clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, or respirators. Exposure assessors should be mindful of the uncertainties that this convention introduces into the overall calculations. In all cases, estimates based on direct measurements representing the PPE-level specified are the most reliable. If a scenario uses PPE calculation assumptions, they are identified in the table with one or more of the following notations: (A) "No glove" hand exposure back-calculated from available "gloved hand" exposure data by multiplying by 10 (i.e., chemical-resistant gloves are assumed to reduce hand exposure by 90%). (B) "Double layer" body exposure calculated from available "single layer" body exposure data by dividing by 2 (i.e., an additional layer of clothing is assumed to reduce body exposure by 50%). (C) "PF10" respirator exposure calculated from available "no respirator" exposure data by dividing by 10 (i.e., a PF10 respirator is assumed to reduce inhalation exposure by 90%). (D) "PF50" respirator exposure calculated from available "no respirator" exposure data by dividing by 50 (i.e., a PF50 respirator is assumed to reduce inhalation exposure by 98%). (E) "Gloved" hand exposure calculated from available "no glove" hand exposure data by dividing by 10 (i.e., chemical-resistant gloves are assumed to reduce hand exposure by 90%). (F) "Single layer" body exposure calculated from available "total deposition" body exposure data by dividing by 2 (i.e., an additional layer of clothing is assumed to reduce body exposure by 50%). (G) "Double layer" body exposure calculated from available "total deposition" body exposure data by dividing by 4 (i.e., two layers of clothing are assumed to reduce body exposure by 75%). If a scenario does not have one of these notations, the data underlying the recommended values is a direct match for the indicated level of PPE. 3 PHED = Pesticide Handler Exposure Database; AHETF = Agricultural Handler Exposure Task Force; ORETF = Outdoor Residential Exposure Task Force; MRID = Master Record Identification (#). 4 Where applicable, the notation "MEA" is added to signify that the default values reflect an (upward) adjustment by the U.S. EPA for potential inefficiency of the hand wash and face/neck wipe exposure monitoring methods. MEA = Method Efficiency Adjustment. 5 Where applicable, the notation "/RA" is added to signify that the default value reflects an (upward) adjustment by the U.S. EPA to reflect that the underlying data did not meet benchmark accuracy objectives. /RA = fold Relative Accuracy. 6 Due to the effect that the back-calculation from "gloved hands" to represent "non-gloved hands" has on distributional variability and parametric estimates, no adjustment was made to hand measurements to represent unit exposures for "single layer, no gloves". That is, the unit exposure for "single layer, gloves" is also assigned to "single layer, no gloves". Page 13 of 17 ------- Attachment 1 Documentation of Revisions Page 14 of 17 ------- Date Documentation of Revisions Apr2011 • Original version, modeled based on "PHED Surrogate Guide" • Reflects move from data from PHED to AHETF for following scenarios o Open Cab Groundboom o Open Mix/Load Liquids o Open Mix/Load Dry Flowable • Published EPA webpage on occupational pesticide handler exposure, including link to reference table May2011 • Replaced PHED values for "Closed Cab Airblast" with those from AHETF Jun2011 • Replaced PHED values for "Open Cab Airblast" with those from AHETF • Corrected unit exposure for "Mixer / Loader / Applicator, Low-pressure Handwand, Wettable Powder, Double layer, gloves" from 620 Hg/lb ai to 6200 ng/lb ai Sep2011 • Reflects overhaul of exposure scenario assignment of available surrogate data o New scenarios added (e.g., pet/animal treatments) o Scenario subsets added (e.g., power handgun site subsets) o Available individual proprietary studies assigned • Footnotes edited • Orientation changed to landscape to accommodate scenario additions Mar2012 • Corrected "Dip" and "Sponge" inhalation unit exposures to reflect use of % LOD without correction for field fortification per standard policy • Corrected "Mixing / Loading Liquids" inhalation unit exposures to 2 significant figures • Removed PPE footnote notation "(H)" since that does not apply to any scenario • Corrected PPE notations for "Spoon" scenario to reflect exposure monitoring of "total deposition with chemical-resistant gloves" • For "Mechanically-pressurized Handgun Sprayer", added "Specialty Agricultural Crops" to a sub-set category • Added "Documentation of Revisions" as an attachment Mar2013 • Aerial Applicator scenario: PHED replaced with data from the AHETF • Re-assigned MRID45773201 to drench/soil-directed applications of wettable powders only • Footnote (G) typographical correction: "100%" corrected to "75%" (unit exposures are unchanged) Sept2015 • Additional livestock treatment scenarios incorporated (backpack and mechanically-pressurized handgun) • Wildlife management incorporated into mechanically-pressurized handgun scenario • Mushroom houses incorporated into mechanically-pressurized handgun scenario and manually-pressurized handwand scenario • Granule formulations added to "animal, feed-through" scenario • Characterized Animal treatments as "Pet" or "Livestock" • Incorporated new data from AHETF for backpack applicator and mechanically-pressurized handgun applicators in rights-of-ways and other similar use patterns. • Added tree injection applicator scenario. Nov2016 • Incorporated new data from AHETF for mixing/loading wettable powders and mixing/loading water-soluble packets • Added clarifying footnotes to the "Data Source" • Added scenario for "Mixer/Loader/Applicator, Fogging Equipment (handheld, portable, stationary)" • Added scenario for "Applicator, Truck-mounted Fogger" • Added scenario for "Applicator, Stationary Fogger (with re-entry restriction)" • Added scenario for "Applicator, Wipe/Towelette" Page 15 of 17 ------- • Revised table formatting for "Applicator, Pour in/on" scenario Jun2018 • Replaced data for Open Pour Loading Granules with new AHETF data. Scenarios effected: Loading Granules as well as Feed-through and Pour in/on • PF5 respirators revised to PF10, bringing EPA up to date with long-standing assumptions and practice by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institutes for the Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). • PF50 respirators added as a potential PPE option. • Separated and edited the "Mixer/Loader/Applicator, Fogging Equipment (handheld, portable, stationary)" into "Mixer/Loader/Applicator, Handheld/Portable Fogger/Mister" and "Mixer/Loader/Applicator, Automatic/Stationary Fogger/Mister (without re-entry restriction)" • Edited scenario for "Applicator, Truck-mounted Fogger" to "Applicator, Truck-mounted Fogger/Mister" • Edited scenario for "Applicator, Stationary Fogger (with re-entry restriction)" to "Applicator, Stationary/Automatic Fogger/Mister (with re- entry restriction)" • For manually pressurized handwand, clarified Structural treatments by adding a scenario for Exterior building components and moving Structural treatments to a different surrogate dataset • Added scenarios for Microencapsulate formulations with liquid AHETF data as the surrogate dataset • Removed inapplicable engineering control scenarios from Pour in/on scenarios • Edited "Paintbrush/roller" to "Brush/roller" • Corrected inhalation unit exposures for Handgun/Turf/Water-soluble Packets. Previously mistakenly showed values for liquid formulations (i.e., copy/paste error). EPA calculations, however, used correct unit exposures. March2020 • Added data from new AHETF study AHE1023 (Handgun Applications in Greenhouses/Nurseries), replacing PHED Scenario 35 previously used for greenhouse and mushroom house and replaces AHE1013 previously used for nursery scenarios • Removed MRID 45773201 as a surrogate data source [decision made during review of AHE1023 - Handgun Applications in Greenhouses/Nurseries; consideration of influence of formulation (WPs vs DFs) and study deficiencies (pre-measured bags)] • Updated select PHED scenarios to refine breathing rate assumption and use of arithmetic mean unit exposure: o Applicator/aerial/granules (PHED Scenario 8); o Aerosol can, non-animals (PHED Scenario 10); o Applicator, Solid Broadcast Spreader, Open and Closed Cab (PHED Scenario 15 and 16); o Applicator, Brush/Roller (PHED Scenario 22); o Flagger, Liquids (PHED Scenario 25); o Flagger, Granules (PHED Scenario 26); o Loader/Applicator, Belly Grinder (PHED Scenario 30); o Manually-pressurized Handwand (PHED Scenario 32); o Manually-pressurized Handwand (PHED Scenario 33); o Backpack Sprayer (PHED Scenario 34); o Mech Pressurized Handgun (PHED Scenario 19); o Applicator, Termiticide Injection (PHED Scenario 37); o Applicator, Granules by Hand Dispersal (PHED Scenario 17); o Applicator, Groundboom Enclosed Cab (PHED Scenario 14) • Added exposure scenarios for applications to "conifer plantations" Page 16 of 17 ------- • Revised "Exposure Scenario" labels to match Occupational Handler Exposure Calculator (link) Page 17 of 17 ------- |