Great Lakes Legacy Act Project Continues
with Design of Sediment Site Cleanup

United States		

Environmental Protection	Monguagon Creek Upper Trenton Channel Site, Detroit River AQC

Agency

Great Lakes Legacy Act Project

Riverview, Michigan	January 2022

SEPA

Great Lakes
RESTORATION|

Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
(GLRI)

The GLRI accelerates efforts to protect
and restore the largest system of fresh
surface water in the world - the Great
Lakes. Since 2010 the multi-agency
GLRI provided funding to 16 federal
organizations to strategically target the
biggest threats to the Great Lakes
ecosystem and to accelerate progress
toward achieving long term goals.
https: //www, glri .us

GLRI's Legacy Act

The Great Lakes Legacy Act is a
voluntary partnership program to
cleanup sediment and help restore
Great Lakes Areas of Concern. Since
2002, Legacy Act partnerships have
cleaned up 28 sites in six Great Lakes
states and remediated about 4.6 million
cubic yards of contaminated sediment.
Currently, seven projects are underway
to clean another 1.3 million cubic
yards.

Completed cleanups have been a
springboard for communities to build a
foundation for future growth by
transforming former polluted areas into
attractive locations. Areas that were
obstacles to economic growth are now
valuable waterfront assets.

Contact EPA

For more information or questions
about the MCUTC project, contact the
MCUTC Project Managers:

Paul Powell, USACE
313-226-2094

Paul.A.Powell@usace.army.mil
or

Amber Falkner, USEPA

312-886-0217

F alkner. Amber@epa. gov

More Information:

https://www.epa.gOv/a:reat-lakes-aocs
h It p s://www . epa. go v/great-
lakes/detroit-river-aoc
httPS;//www.detroitri ver.org/

Figure 1. Monguagon Creek - Upper Trenton Channel Aerial

Although inputs of chemical contaminants to the Great Lakes have been significantly
reduced over the past 30 years, some chemicals still remain in the mud, or sediment,
and can have harmful impacts to the fish and wildlife in the area. As a result of
historical contamination, the Detroit River was designated as a Great Lakes Area of
Concern, or AOC, in 1987. An AOC is a Great Lakes river or harbor that has
experienced significant environmental degradation. A small portion of the Detroit
River AOC is known as the Monguagon Creek-Upper Trenton Channel site, referred to
as MCUTC. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has partnered with
Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations has partnered with the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, or EPA, under EPA's voluntary Great Lakes Legacy Act, or
GLLA, to detennine the nature and extent of contamination at MCUTC and evaluate
options for eventual remediation of the MCUTC site.

Project Background

MCUTC is located just south of Bridge Road and the Grosse lie Toll Bridge in
Riverview, Michigan.

Monguagon Creek has long served as a channel for industrial and municipal
discharges. Historically, it was used for industrial wastewater, and currently it is being
used for urban storm water. From 1951 to 1982, manufacturing wastes were released to
portions of Monguagon Creek and the Huntington Drain that feeds into it. Currently,
the Huntington Drain pipes stormwater runoff from the surrounding streets and
properties to the creek and channel.

Many factors have contributed to the pollution and habitat degradation in Monguagon
Creek and the Trenton Channel. These factors include chemicals, bacterial
contamination, as well as excess nutrient loads. Sources of chemicals include,
municipal and industrial discharges, wastewater treatment bypasses, commercial and
residential development, and stormwater runoff.


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Site Investigations

Efforts have been underway to study and eventually
clean-up contaminated sediments at MCUTC.

The first Monguagon Creek cleanup was in 1997 with
the removal of about 35,000 tons of impacted
sediments. However, some sediment had to be left in
place due to buried utilities. In 1998, Michigan
Department of Energy, Great Lakes, and Environment,
or EGLE, conducted additional studies and found some
areas of the site still contained elevated concentrations
of industrial and urban chemicals, metals, and
poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, known as PAHs.

To evaluate further cleanup options for the MCUTC,
follow-up sediment investigations were conducted in
2011, 2015, 2016, and 2021. These investigations are Figure 2. Monguagon Creek - Upper Trenton Channel Sampling
detailed in a Focused Feasibility Study (FFS; Ram boll 2018) and an addendum to the FFS (Integral 2022). The results of the
study are summarized below. The study evaluated three distinct parts of the MCUTC area: the lower end of Monguagon
Creek; the western shoreline of the Upper Trenton Channel, or UTC, along the former McLouth Steel site, referred to as
UTC-West; and the eastern shoreline of the UTC along the western side of Grosse lie, referred to as UTC-East. UTC-East
contains only low to moderate levels of contamination consistent with an urban setting. Based on these findings, no

remediation is planned for UTC-East. Contamination
levels are significant!} higher in UTC-West and
Monguagon Creek, although contaminant types and levels
are different in these two zones. Monguagon Creek is
heavily contaminated with PAHs at levels up to 100-times
higher than levels found in UTC-East. UTC-West also
contains elevated levels of PAHs (ten-times higher than
UTC-East), but also contains elevated levels of mercury
(four-times higher than UTC-East) and polychlorinated
biphenyls, or PCBs at levels 10-times higher than UTC-
East. Remediation is proposed for UTC-West and
Monguagon Creek.

Figure 3. Monguagon Creek— Upper Trenton Channel Sampling

Remedy Selection

The investigations described above identified two MCUTC
areas of interest, or AOI, that required cleanup: the mouth
of the Monguagon Creek, referred to as AOI-C, and part of
UTC-West, referred to as AOI-D. The FFS focused on
identifying the best way to clean up AOI-C and AOI-D.

The project team developed remedial action objectives, or
RAO, for MCUTC and screened remedial technologies for
feasibility and effectiveness in meeting the RAOs. The
favored remedial technologies were refined to target AOIs
and were combined into five remediation alternatives.

These alternatives were then evaluated using the following
EPA factors most important to the selection process:

•	Overall protection of human health and the
environment	Figure 4. Monguagon Creek— Upper Trenton Channel Areas of

•	Attainment of site-specific remediation objectives	Interest (AOI) and their general locations

•	Long-term effectiveness and permanence

•	Reduction of mass, toxicity, mobility, or volume through treatment

•	Short-term effectiveness

•	Implementability

•	Cost


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Typical Cleanup Methods

•	Monitored natural recovery - takes advantage of the on-going,,
naturally occurring river processes to contain, breakdown, or
reduce the toxicity of contaminants in sediment. Monitored
natural recovery involves physical, biological, or chemical
processes.

•	Enhanced monitored natural recovery (or thin-layer cap) - uses
a thin layer of sand, soil, or previously dredged sediment to
enhance the process of natural recovery by placing a clean, thin
cover (generally less than six inches thick) to isolate
contaminated sediment from the environment.

•	Capping - involves the placement of clean material (often
layers of cobbles, gravel, and clay) over the contaminated
sediments. A complex cap design can include geotextiles,
liners, and other permeable and impermeable layers to ensure
contamination is isolated from the environment.

•	Dredging - permanently removes contaminated sediment from
a water body without draining or diverting the water. The
contaminated sediment is often disposed of in a landfill or US
Army Corps of Engineers' confined disposal facility. The term
environmental dredging is specific to dredging performed
specifically for the removal of contaminated sediment.

The FFS details how this process was applied at

MCUTC and the outcome is summarized below.

Five cleanup approaches were evaluated in detail:

•	Remediation Alternative 1: No Action

•	Remediation Alternative 2: Thin-Layer Cap in
AOI-C and Cap in AOI-D

•	Remediation Alternative 3: Thin-Layer Cap in
AOI-C and Dredge in AOI-D

•	Remediation Alternative 4: Dredge in AOI-C
and Cap in AOI-D

•	Remediation Alternative 5: Dredge in AOI-C
and AOI-D

These remedial alternatives include all of the
common remedial treatment technologies for
sediments including monitored natural recovery,
capping, and dredging. Based on the detailed
evaluation in the FFS and subsequent addendum,
Remediation Alternative 5"s use of dredging was
identified as the preferred remedy.

Release (Air)

Figure 5. An example of real-life dredging set up at a
previous GLRI sediment remediation site in the Lower Rouge
River — Old Channel, also within the Detroit River AOC.

Sediment to be

removed Retuspenilon

Relea sejWater)^

Dredge/cut line Residual sediment stirred up
during removal, after settling

Residual
sediment
missed by
dredge

Clean sediment

Figure 6. General mechanical dredging process

clamshell closed

<

^(2)

• v (4)



moon pool



en

clamshell dredge
silt curtain

clamshell open

transport Tug boat
barge

"spud" holds barge
in place

dredge/cut line

1 - capture sediment from river bottom 2-raise sediment to surface

3-place sediment on transport barge 4-transport sediment off-site for disposal

Figure 7. Underwater view of what is occurring during mechanical dredging


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Next Steps for MCI TC

Before cleanup of MCUTC can begin, there are a few
more steps to ensure the cleanup is complete, effective,
safe, environmentally protective, and consistent with local,
state, and federal laws.

First, a Pre-Design Investigation, or PDI, was conducted to
confirm the location, area, and depth of contamination.
This fieldwork was completed in September 2021. The
data will be analyzed and the PDI report is expected to be
issued in early 2022.

Using this data, engineers will develop detailed plans for
conducting the dredging. These plans are known as the
Remedial Design. The remedial design will include
specifications and engineering drawings for the entire
cleanup, from site prep to dredging, sediment disposal, and
site restoration.

Finally, before any remediation work can start, permission
from affected private landowners must be granted, and
permits must be secured from local, state, and federal
agencies.

The timing and duration of all the next steps are uncertain
but are likely to require about two years to complete. As
these steps progress the schedule for cleanup will be
further defined. The community will continue to be kept
informed.

Community Involvement

Community involvement is a critical element of the
MCUTC project. There are several ways to stay informed
and get involved. The Friends of Detroit River's website
page for the Detroit River Public Advisory Council,
https://www.detroitriver.org/pac-1. includes links to
several reports on MCUTC, including the Community
Involvement Plan. This plan describes several ways the
community can be involved and stay informed.

Public Outreach

Public meetings are an important element of
community involvement. A virtual public meeting
will be held January 31st so the community can
hear about the work happening at the site this year.
Community members can also contact EPA any
time to ask questions and get added to the
distribution list to receive future updates, fact
sheets, and announcements.

Surveys are another helpful tool for gathering
feedback about what is important to different
members of the local community. In 2014, Illinois
Indiana Sea Grant interviewed 35 people
representing: environmentalists, recreational
enthusiasts, property owners, and city officials. An
online survey will be conducted this year with the
goals of determining:

•	Whether the views shared in 2014
generally continue today and how those
view have changed

•	Whether the views shared by 35 people
represent the broader community and, if
not, how they differ

•	Whether the views shared about the
Trenton Channel are consistent with those
specific to MCUTC.

Requests for participation in the survey will be
made through the Trenton Channel and MCUTC
mailing lists, websites listed below,
announcements and flyers. The survey will be
designed to ensure ease of access, understanding,
and participation.

Partners

a

SE2	StRIDGESTOflEH

Bridgestone Americas, Inc.

FRIENDS

US Army Corps
of Engineers

MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT, GREAT LAKES, AND ENERGY

Jacobs Sea

Michigan

consulting inc.


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