FACT SHEET

REVISION OF METHOD 23 FOR THE DETERMINATION OF POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-
DIOXINS AND POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFRURANS FROM STATIONARY SOURCES

ACTION

•	On March 7, 2023, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized EPA Method
23. Method 23 is used to measure polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and
polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from stationary air sources.

•	EPA promulgated Method 23 on February 13, 1991 (56 FR 5758). It has not been updated or
revised since its original promulgation. Most current stationary source sampling and
analysis methods have been revised to a new consistent format. This action revises the
format of the method to be consistent with other methods.

•	These revisions harmonize the laboratory procedures and requirements with EPA Office of
Water methods. This proposed revision replaces many prescriptive requirements for
materials and instrument parameters with performance-based quality requirements that
provide flexibility to implement best analytical practices.

•	EPA is has added polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) to the applicable target compounds in the method. This would provide EPA with a
semivolatile compliance method for these regulated target compounds in one
comprehensive method.

•	The revisions will improve the accuracy of Method 23 and will provide flexibility to stack
testers and analytical laboratories who measure these semivolatile organic compounds
from stationary sources while ensuring that the stack testing community can consistently
implement the method across emissions sources and facilities.

•	This action will give facilities, source test teams and their analytical laboratories options to
reduce field sampling cost when multiple semivolatile toxic compounds are required to
demonstrate air release compliance.

BACKGROUND

•	EPA established requirements for measuring PCDD/PCDF in stationary sources in 1991. Over
the past nearly 30 years, technical advances for measuring PCDD/PCDF have occurred.

•	Most EPA stationary source compliance methods were reformatted in the 1990's. Method
23 is overdue for a format revision to the current Emissions Monitoring and Management
Council standard.


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FOR MORE INFORMATON

•	Interested parties can download the rule from the EPA Emissions Measurement Center
website at the following address: https://www.epa.gov/emc/emc-promulgated-test-
methods.

•	Other places to read the rule and background information (use Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
EPA-HQ-OAR-2016-0677):

•	EPA's electronic public docket and comment system at http://www.regulations.gov.

•	The EPA Docket Center's Public Reading Room (for hard copies).

o The Public Reading Room is located at EPA Headquarters, Room Number 3334 in

EPA West Building, 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC.
o Hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. eastern standard time, Monday

through Friday, excluding federal holidays,
o You will have to show photo identification, pass through a metal detector, and sign
the EPA visitor log. Any materials you bring with you will be processed through an X-
ray machine as well. You will be provided a badge that must be visible at all times.

•	For further information about the rulemaking, contact either Raymond Merrill at (919)
541-5225, Merrill.Raymond@epa.gov or Ned Shappley at (919) 541- 7903,
Shappley.Ned@epa.gov.


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