United States	Office of Water	EPA 833-F-99-006

Environmental Protection	(4203)	April 1999

Agency	Fact Sheet 2.4

SEPA

Storm Water Phase II
Proposed Rule
Fact Sheet Series

Overview

1.0 - Storm Water Phase II
Proposed Rule Overview

Small MS4 Program

2.0	- Small MS4 Storm Water
Program Overview

2.1	- Who's Covered? Designation
and Waivers of Regulated Small
MS4s

2.2	- Urbanized Areas: Definition
and Description

Minimum Control Measures

2.3	- Public Education and
Outreach Minimum Control
Measure

2.4	- Public Participation/
Involvement Minimum Control
Measure

2.5	- Illicit Discharge Detection and
Elimination Minimum Control
Measure

2.6	- Construction Site Runoff
Control Minimum Control Measure

2.7	- Post-Construction Runoff
Control Minimum Control Measure

2.8	- Pollution Prevention/Good
Housekeeping Minimum Control
Measure

2.9	- Permitting and Reporting:
The Process and Requirements

2.10	- Federal and State-Owned
MS4s: Program Implementation

Construction Program

3.0 - Construction Program
Overview

Industrial "No Exposure"

4.0 - Conditional No Exposure
Exemption for Industrial Activity

Storm Water Phase II
Proposed Rule

Public Participation/Involvement
Minimum Control Measure

This fact sheet is based on the Storm Water Phase II Proposed Rule. Therefore, the information provided herein is subject to
change upon publication of the final Phase II rule in November 1999. A revised series of fact sheets will be provided at that
time. A comprehensive list of the current fact sheets is in the text box at left.

This fact sheet profiles the proposed Public Participation/Involvement minimum control measure, one
of six measures the owner or operator of a Phase II regulated small municipal separate storm sewer
system (MS4) would be required to include in its storm water management program to meet the
conditions of its National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. This fact sheet
outlines the Phase II Proposed Rule requirements and offers some general guidance on how to satisfy
them. It is important to keep in mind that the small MS4 owner or operator would have a great deal of
flexibility in choosing exactly how to satisfy the minimum control measure requirements.

Why Is Public Participation and Involvement Necessary?

EPA believes that the public can provide valuable input and assistance to a regulated small MS4's
municipal storm water management program and, therefore, suggests that the public be given
opportunities to play an active role in both the development and implementation of the program.
Having an active and involved community is crucial to the success of a storm water management
program because it allows for:

•	Broader public support since citizens who participate in the development and decision
making process are partially responsible for the program and, therefore, may be less likely to
raise legal challenges to the program and more likely to take an active role in its
implementation;

•	Shorter implementation schedules due to fewer obstacles in the form of public and legal
challenges and increased sources in the form of citizen volunteers;

•	A broader base of expertise and economic benefits since the community can be a valuable,
and free, intellectual resource; and

•	A conduit to other programs as citizens involved in the storm water program development
process provide important cross-connections and relationships with other community and
government programs. This benefit is particularly valuable when trying to implement a storm
water program on a watershed basis, as encouraged by EPA.

What Is EPA Proposing?

Under the proposed rule, to satisfy this minimum control measure, the owner or operator of a
regulated small MS4 would need to:

~	Comply with applicable State, Tribal, and local public notice requirements; and

~	Determine the appropriate best management practices (BMPs) and measurable goals for this
minimum control measure. Some implementation approaches, BMPs (i.e., the program
actions and activities), and measurable goals are suggested below.


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Fact Sheet 2.4 - Public Participation/Involvement Minimum Control Measure

Page 2

What Are Some Guidelines for Developing and
Implementing This Measure?

Owners or operators of regulated small MS4s should include
the public in developing, implementing, and reviewing their
storm water management programs. The public participation
process should make every effort to reach out and engage all
economic and ethnic groups. EPA recognizes that there are
challenges associated with public involvement. Nevertheless,
EPA strongly believes that these challenges can be addressed
through an aggressive and inclusive program. Challenges and
example practices that can help ensure successful participation are
discussed below.

Implementation Challenges

The best way to handle common notification and recruitment
challenges is to know the audience and think creatively about how
to gain its attention and interest. Traditional methods of soliciting
public input are not always successful in generating interest, and
subsequent involvement, in all sectors of the community. For
example, municipalities often only use advertising in local
newspapers to announce public meetings and other opportunities
for public involvement. Since there may be large sectors of the
population who do not read the local press, the audience reached
may be limited. Therefore, alternative advertising methods
should be used whenever possible, including radio or television
spots, postings at bus or subway stops, announcements in
neighborhood newsletters, announcements at civic organization
meetings, distribution of flyers, mass mailings, door-to-door
visits, telephone notifications, and multilingual announcements.
These efforts, of course, are tied closely to the efforts for the
public education and outreach minimum control measure (see
Fact Sheet 2.3).

In addition, advertising and soliciting for help could and should
be targeted at specific population sectors, including ethnic,
minority, and low-income communities; academia and educational
institutions; neighborhood and community groups; outdoor
recreation groups; and business and industry. The goal is to
involve a diverse cross-section of people who could offer a
multitude of concerns, ideas, and connections during the process.

Possible Practices (BMPs)

There are a variety of practices that could be incorporated into a
public participation and involvement program, such as:

•	Public meetings/citizen panels allow citizens to discuss
various viewpoints and provide input concerning appropriate
storm water management policies and BMPs;

•	Volunteer water quality monitoring gives citizens first-hand
knowledge of the quality of local water bodies and provides a
cost-effective means of collecting water quality data;

•	Volunteer educators!speakers who can conduct workshops,
encourage public participation, and staff special events;

•	Storm drain stenciling is an important and simple activity
that concerned citizens, especially students, can do;

•	Community clean-ups along local waterways, beaches, and
around storm drains;

•	Citizen watch groups can aid local enforcement authorities in
the identification of polluters; and

•	"Adopt A Storm Drain "programs encourage individuals or
groups to keep storm drains free of debris and to monitor
what is entering local waterways through storm drains.

What Would Be Appropriate Measurable Goals?

Measurable goals, which would be required for each minimum
control measure, are meant to help gauge permit compliance
and program effectiveness. The measurable goals, as well as the
BMPs, would greatly depend on the needs and characteristics of
the owner/operator and the area served by its small MS4. The
measurable goals should be chosen using an integrated approach
that would fully address the requirements and intent of the
minimum control measure. An integrated approach for this
minimum measure could include the following measurable goals:

Target Date Activity

1	year	 Notice of a public meeting in several different

print media and bilingual flyers; citizen panel
established; volunteers organized to locate
outfalls/illicit discharges and stencil drains.

2	years	 Final recommendations of the citizen panel; radio

spots promoting program and participation.

3	years	 A certain percentage of the community

participating in community clean-ups.

4	years	 Citizen watch groups established in a certain

percentage of neighborhoods; outreach to every
different population sector completed.

For Additional Information

Contact

U.S. EPA Office of Wastewater Management
• Phone : 202 260-5816
E-mail: SW2@epa.gov
Internet: www.epa.gov/owm/sw2.htm

Reference Documents

Storm Water Phase II Proposed Rule Fact Sheet
Series.

Contact the U.S. EPA Water Resource Center at
202 260-7786 or at waterpubs@epa.gov
Internet: www.epa.gov/owm/sw2.htm

Storm Water Phase II Proposed Rule, published on
Jan. 9, 1998 in the Federal Register (63 FR 1536).
Internet: www.epa.gov/owm/sw2.htm


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