United States	Office of Water	EPA 840-N-98-002

Environmental Protection	(4501F)	Fall 1998

Agency

&EPA Watershed Events

A Bulletin on Sustaining Water Resources and Ecosystems

In This Issue...

This issue of Watershed Events features
stories about outstanding citizen-based
efforts to protect watersheds. Many of
these efforts embody the goals of EPA's
Adopt Your Watershed program. The
goal of the program is to increase
stewardship for the Nation's water
resources and to partner with groups not
traditionally involved in water resource
issues.

On The Inside...

National News

Clean Water Action Plan Update	1

Fourteen Rivers Designated

American Heritage Rivers	4

New Highway Bill Boosts

Environmental Spending	4

STORET Modernization	16

Adopt-Your-Watershed Success
Stories

Housatonic River, MA	5

Flint Creek, AL	7

Senior Volunteer Monitors, PA	8

Anacostia River, MD	9

Coastal Cleanups, WA	9

Lake Keowee, SC	10

Assabet River, MA	11

Rivanna River, VA	11

Adopt-A-Watershed Curriculum,

CO &CA	12

Students Give Water A Hand, GA ... 12
Chelsea Creek, MA	13

New Resources	14

Events	15

Clean Water Action Plan Update

Draft Animal Feeding Operation Strategy, Unified Watershed Assess-
ments, and Watershed Assistance Grants Lead the News on Clean
Water Action Plan Implementation

Since the Clean Water Action Plan
was released by President Clinton
and Vice President Gore in
February, several significant milestones
have been reached. For example, the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
and the United States Department of
Agriculture (USD A) released a joint
draft strategy to address pollution from
animal feeding operations (AFOs) on
September 16. Also, all states submitted
final Unified Watershed Assessments in
October. Below are summaries of some
key CWAP milestones:

Joint Animal Feeding Operation
Strategy: AFOs generate large amounts
of manure, which contain nutrients
(nitrogen and phosphorus) as well as
pathogens, heavy metals, and antibiotics.
If not properly managed, AFOs can pose
serious threats to water quality and
public health. The draft strategy pro-
poses a national performance expectation
for all AFOs to develop and implement
Comprehensive Nutrient Management
Plan (CNMPs). CNMPs would establish
clearly defined nutrient management
goals and address feed management,
manure handling and storage, land
application of manure, record keeping,
and other manure utilization options.

The vast majority of AFOs would
develop and implement CNMPs through
voluntary programs, while high risk
operations would be required to obtain
permits through the Clean Water Act
permit program implemented by the
states and EPA. A key component of the
strategy is the identification of technical

and

financial
assistance
to help
AFO owners
and operators
develop and
implement sound
CNMPs. USD A
and EPA are accepting public comments
through January 15, 1999 on the draft
strategy, which is available on the
Internet at www.epa.gov/cleanwater/afo/.

Final Unified Watershed Assessments:
The Plan calls upon states and tribes to
work in cooperation with federal,
interstate, and local agencies,
watershed-based organizations, and the
public to identify watersheds most in
need of restoration and to develop
restoration action strategies. In June,

See CWAP, page 2


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Page 2

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Patty Scott, Editor

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

This Issue's Contributors
Erik Bruun & H. Emerson Lake, Orion
Afield

Faith Burbank, Massachusetts Bays

Education Alliance
Bill Ebeling, Friends of Lake Keowee
Society

Susan Estes, Oak Park Middle School
Rochelle Garwood, Thomas Jefferson

Planning District Commission
Steve Ivas, North and South Rivers

Watershed Association
Peggy Harlow Knight, Environmental
Alliance for Senior Involvement
Donald Larson, Kitsap Diving Associa-
tion

Susan McDowell, EPA Region 3
Jane McGlade, Anacostia Watershed
Society

Mary Michelman, OAR Acton Stream
Teams

Toni Rockwell, Tahoe-Truckee Unified
School

Ted James, Eagle Valley Middle
School

Watershed Events provides updated
and timely information to professionals
and others interested in the develop-
ment and implementation of the
watershed approach and in achieving
watershed goals. The watershed
approach focuses on mitigating the
primary threats to ecosystem and
human health and involving stakehold-
ers to take action in an integrated,
holistic manner. Please direct any
questions or comments to:

Patty Scott
Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and
Watersheds
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW(4501F)
Washington, DC 20460
(202) 260-0409
scott.patricia@epamail.epa.gov

To be added to the Watershed Events
mailing list, send your name and
address to:

Melissa Bowen
Tetra Tech, Inc.
10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340

Fairfax, VA 22030
bowenme@tetratech-ffx.com

CWAP from page 1

EPA, USD A, and other federal agencies
developed a framework to assist states
and tribes in preparing unified watershed
assessments (UWAs), the first step in
identifying watersheds in need of action.
States were encouraged to draw from
existing water quality data and piece
together what this information says about
overall watershed conditions.

After receiving feedback on drafts from
an interagency workgroup and the
public, 56 states and territories, the
District of Columbia, and 13 tribes
submitted final UWAs in October. The
next step will be to map the results of
these UWAs. A large part of the new
resources proposed by the President's
Fiscal Year 1999 budget will be used to
implement the resulting restoration
strategies. For more information visit
EPA's website at www.epa.gov/
owowwtrl/cleanwater/uwafinal/
uwa.html.

Beach Action Plan: This five-year
comprehensive plan was announced in
June at the National Oceans Conference
in Monterey, California. The Plan
outlines improvements to beach monitor-
ing programs, standards, public access,
and increased research. In addition
EPA released a "Beach Watch" site on

State Coastal Polluted Runoff Control
Programs: The Plan calls for improved
efforts to address polluted runoff in
sensitive coastal watersheds. The
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Agency (NOAA) and EPA conditionally
approved all 29 of the submitted State
Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control
Programs in June 1998. All programs
are to be fully approved by December
1999 with appropriate state-enforceable
policies.

Conservation Reserve Enhancement
Program (CREP) Guidance: The Farm
Services Agency released final guide-
lines on the CREP program, a
state-federal conservation partnership
program targeted to address significant
water quality, soil erosion, and wildlife
habitat issues related to agricultural land
use. The program uses financial incen-
tives to encourage fanners and ranchers
to voluntarily enroll in contracts of 10 to
15 years in duration to remove lands
from agricultural production. For more

$260,000 Available in Watershed Assistance Grants

River Network will make grants to local watershed partnerships to
support their organizational development and long-term effectiveness.
A total of $260,000 will be distributed in grants of $2,000 to $30,000 in
1999. The purpose of this pilot program is to support local communities
as they work to protect and restore their watersheds.

Grantees will be selected by River Network with the help of an advisory
committee comprising representatives from local and tribal govern-
ments, industry, agriculture, and experts in watershed management.
Applications for the Watershed Assistance Grants Program will be
available from River Network in mid-November. Applications will be due
January 15,1999. River Network is able to provide this program thanks
to financial support from EPA. For additional information, call Kathy
Luscher at 800-423-6747.

the Internet
(www.epa.gov/
ost/beaches) this
year, which
makes available
for the first time
information
about beach
water quality and potential health risks.


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 3

information, visit the CREP website at

www.fsa.usda.gov/dafjp/cepd/crep/

crephome.htm.

Contaminated Sediment Strategy: In
April, EPA released a Contaminated
Sediment Management Strategy that
summarizes the Agency's understanding
of the extent and severity of sediment
contamination and describes a framework
to reduce ecological and human health
risks posed by sediment contamination.
EPA estimates that 10 percent of the
Nation's lakes, rivers, and bays have
sediment contaminated

with toxic chemicals that		.

can kill fish living in
those waters or impair
the health of people

and wildlife who eat WT	J

contaminated fish. For

more information / f

visit EPA's website / /

at www.epa.gov/

OST/cs/

stratndx.html.

Plan for Wetlands Status and Trends
Reporting: The interagency group on
wetlands issued a final plan for developing
a single, improved wetlands status and
trends report. This report should be issued
by 2000. The leads for this project are the
White House and the Wetlands Working
Group.

Fish Consumption Safety: In July, EPA
sent letters concerning fish consumption
advisories to state environmental, public
health and natural resource management
agencies and to all tribes that operate the
national water program. The letters
emphasize the importance of a risk-based
fish consumption advisory program and
asks states and tribes to compare their
existing fish advisory programs with
EPA's National Guidance on Fish
Consumption Advisories.

Nutrient Assessment Strategy: In June
1998, EPA released a national strategy for
the development of water quality criteria
and standards for nutrients. CWAP calls
for EPA to publish criteria (i.e., scientific
information concerning harmful levels of a
pollutant) for nutrients by the year 2000.

These criteria will be used by states to
develop numeric nutrient provisions of
state water quality standards. The new
strategy describes the process for
developing criteria that are appropriate
for various types of waterbodies and
different regions of the country.

Source Water Assessment Agreement:
A key element of CWAP is the integra-
tion of public health and aquatic
ecosystem goals. Under an agreement to
be signed later this year, 10 federal
agencies will commit to helping states,
tribes, and local communities design and
implement their drinking water source
assessment and protection programs
within a watershed framework. The
State Source Water Assessment and
Protection Program, developed under the
mandate of the Safe Drinking Water Act
Amendments of 1996, requires all states
to complete assessments of their public
drinking water supplies to determine
susceptibility to potentially significant
contaminant sources within their
source water areas. The federal	i

agencies will direct		J.

program authorities,		/

technical assistance, data, I /I
and enforcement resources 1 J
to help integrate source I /
water goals with watershed 1 /
restoration priorities. The
agencies will agree to:

•	Create partnerships between federal
and state regional and field offices.

•	Improve access to data held by the
different agencies and work coopera-
tively to develop a clearinghouse for
information on these databases.

•	Coordinate drinking water source
assessment and protection efforts with
related CWAP action items.

•	Develop performance measures.

National Contingency Plan for
Harmful Algal Blooms: The National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion (NOAA), EPA, the Food and Drug
Administration, the U. S. Geological
Survey, and the Centers for Disease
Control, are developing a detailed
federal response plan for harmful algal
blooms and other major events in
coastal waters. NOAA, the coordinating
agency, lias received comments from
state and federal agencies and is
working to finalize the plan this fall.
The plan provides individual states with
federal expertise and support to
immediately respond to Pfiesteria
outbreaks, fish lesions, and fish kills,
and to associate threats to public health.

National Harmful Algal Blooms
Research and Monitoring Strategy:
This strategy serves as a framework to
coordinate all scientific and manage-
ment activities related to Pfesteria-like
organisms. Implementation of the
strategy is comprised of many ongoing
efforts, including the completion of the
National Contingency Plan for Harmful
Algal Blooms and the operation of the
multi-agency program on the Ecology
and Oceanography of Harmful Algal
Blooms (ECOHAB). Research funding
through ECOHAB is currently being
dispersed and funding opportunities for
next year will be announced later this
fall. '

At press time. Congress had just com-
pleted work on a Fiscal Year 1999
omnibus appropriations bill. In last
minute negotiations, CWAP received
higher funding levels than proposed by
either the House or Senate. Additional
information about the budget and major
CWAP milestones can be found at
www.cleanwater.gov/.

/Wc ll4d ATXcish^ ic P^otlct

Find out in the next issue of Watershed Events. The spring issue
will highlight tribal watershed protection efforts. If you'd like to
submit a story on what your tribe is doing to protect its water
resources, contact John McShane at (202) 260-0409.


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Page 4

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Fourteen Rivers Designated
American Heritage Rivers

Some flow through pristine forests.
Others carry traffic to large commercial
ports. Some have already undergone
restoration; still others face significant
challenges. But together, the 14 Ameri-
can Heritage Rivers selected in July
reflect the extraordinary diversity that
characterizes America's rivers. The
American Heritage Rivers Initiative
recognizes and rewards voluntary
community-based efforts to restore and
protect the environmental, economic,
cultural, and historic values of the
country's rivers. In the American
Heritage Rivers Initiative leadership is
key.

The selection, announced by the
President and Vice President, means
that, over the next five years, communi-
ties along the rivers will carry out their
own plans for revitalizing their rivers,
aided by a "river navigator," who is
supported by the federal govermnent
and selected with local input. Each
river navigator will help the community
identify existing federal programs and
resources that can help carry out their
action plans.

The action plans developed for the rivers
seek to, in Vice President Gore's words,
"cleanup America's rivers, create new
jobs, and strengthen the communities that

American Heritage Rivers

surround them for generations to come."
But the 14 designated rivers are not the
only waterways that will benefit from the
initiative. Through the American Heritage
Rivers website, all communities can get
information on flood events, population
change, road networks, the condition of
water resources, and partnerships already
at work in their area.

For more information visit the American
Heritage Rivers Homepage at
www.epa.gov/rivers or contact the
American Heritage Rivers Hotline,
(888) 407-4837.

Blackstone and Woonasquatucket Rivers (MA, Rl)

Connecticut River (CT, MA, NH, VT)

Cuyahoga River (OH)

Detroit River (Ml)

Hanalei River (HI)

Hudson River (NY)

Upper Mississippi River (IA, IL, MN, MO, Wl)

Lower Mississippi River (LA, TN)

New River (NC, VA, WV)

Potomac River (DC, MD, PA, VA, WV)

Rio Grande (TX)

St. Johns River (FL)

Upper Susquehanna and Lackawanna Rivers (PA)
Willamette River (OR)

New Highway Bill Boosts
Environmental Spending

The Transportation Equity Act for the
21st Century (TEA-21) is the largest ever
public works bill. It authorizes some new
programs and increases funding for many
of the landmark provisions in the 1991
Intennodal Surface Transportation
Equity Act (ISTEA). ISTEA was the
first transportation bill to make protect-
ing the environment a top priority.
TEA-21, which was signed into law by
President Clinton on June 9,1998,
provides significant resources to help
protect and improve water quality.
However, while TEA-21 expands
eligibility for environmental projects,
none of the provisions in the new law
require states to allocate money to such
projects. Demon-
strating the value of
water, wetland and
habitat restoration
projects to state and
local highway
officials is a critical
step in securing
funding under
TEA-21.

TEA-21 preserves
ISTEA's emphasis
on the cultural,
aesthetic, and
enviromnental
aspects of the
transportation

system by continuing the "Transporta-
tion Enhancements" program. Under
TEA-21, 10 percent of Surface Trans-
portation Program (STP) funds—$3.3
billion over six years—are set-aside for
transportation enhancements, a 40
percent increase over ISTEA. A wide
array of enviromnental and water quality
improvement projects are eligible for
enhancements funding, including water
pollution abatement and mitigation
projects.

In addition a new provision in TEA-21
provides that up to 20 percent of the cost
of a transportation facility reconstruction
rehabilitation, resurfacing, or restoration
project under STP may be used to address
water pollution or environmental degrada-
tion associated with past or current
highway projects. This equates to $6.7
billion in potential STP funds over six
years that could be used for the retrofit or
construction of stonnwater treatment
systems, nonpoint source best manage-
ment practices or riparian and wetlands
restoration projects. Finally, states may
use either STP or National Highway
System (NHS) funds for wetlands projects
designed to offset impacts from past
transportation projects even if there is no
current federal-aid project taking place in
that vicinity.

A new pilot program, the Transportation
and Community and System Preservation
Pilot (TCSPP), will encourage innovative
approaches to transportation and commu-
nity planning. States, local governments,
and metropolitan planning organizations
are eligible for grants to make communi-
ties more sustainable. Funding for the
TCSP is $20 million in FY 1999 and $25
million per year for FYs 2000 through
2003. The Federal Highway Administra-
tion is accepting letters of intent from
potential grantees for FY 1999 funds
through November 15. For more informa-
tion see the September 16 Federal
Register Notice, which is available on the
Department of Transportation's website at
www.fliwa.dot.gov/tea2 l/fedreg3 .htm.
Also visit www.epa.gov/owow/tea/ for
more information on water-related
provisions in TEA-21.


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 5

d o p t -Lj our-W a t e r 5 L e cl

Tie theme of this issue is "Adopt
Your Watershed." Featured are
stories about volunteers—students,
senior citizens, sportsmen and others—
who are making a difference. EPA would
like to applaud each of these groups and
the thousands of other groups that are
working across the Nation to protect and
restore the Nation's water resources. We
hope others will be inspired by your
stories.

Last fall, as part of the Clean Water Act
25th Anniversary Celebration EPA
launched the "Adopt Your Watershed"
campaign. Through Adopt Your Water-
shed, EPA is challenging citizens and
organizations to participate in
locally based watershed projects.
Examples might include volun-
teering to monitor water quality,
plant trees along eroding stream
banks, conduct stream cleanups,
or educate the community about
water pollution.

The National Parent Teachers Associa-
tion (PTA) is one of the first organiza-
tions to join as a partner in this cam-
paign and many local PTAs partici-
pated in Earth Day events and activities.
Most recently, EPA lias been working
with the Girl Scouts of the National
Capital Area on a Patch Program to
encourage scout participation in local
watershed activities. These are just two
examples of the types of partnerships
EPA is pursuing with the campaign.

Certificates of Appreciation are available
to groups that "adopt" their watershed.
Groups are simply asked to register in
the Adopt Your Watershed database.

Qy4>doAt.

WHAT IS A
WATERSHED?

CATALOG OF
WAT ERSHED
"GROUPS

To provide the foundation for
Adopt Your Watershed, EPA lias
created a voluntary, national
catalog of more than 4,000
watershed groups and other organiza-
tions working to protect local watersheds.
Developed in partnership with River
Network, the Conservation Technology
Information Center (CTIC), the Center
for Marine Conservation, and For the
Sake of the Salmon the catalog is
accessible through EPA's Surf Your
Watershed (www.epa.gov/surf) and
Adopt Your Watershed homepages
(www.epa.gov/surf/adopt). Citizens can
now "point and click" to find out about
local environmental conditions as well as
a listing of watershed groups and organi-
zations active in their community.

EPA is now working to encourage
organizations not traditionally involved in
water resources issues to become more
involved in watershed protection efforts.

* T

MAKING

JOIN NOW!

DIFFERENCE

RESOURCES
AVAILABLE

demonstrate an "ongoing commitment"
to their local watershed, and describe
their activities in 100 words or less.
Application forms are available at
www.epa.gov/surf/adopt or by sending
an e-mail to

scott.patricia@epamail.epa.gov.

Bringing Good Things Back
to Life:

The Housatonic River
Initiative

Adapted from an article by Erik Bruiin
and H. Emerson Blake in the Spring
1998 issue of Orion Afield.

In September of 1992, a ragtag group of
50 citizens gathered at the West
Stockbridge Sportsman's Club in western
Massachusetts, with the goal of cleaning
up the heavily polluted Housatonic River.
The task they faced was daunting. The
General Electric Company's Pittsfield
facility and the nearby Housatonic were
contaminated with thousands of pounds of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In the
15 years since the extent of the pollution
had been revealed, none of it had been
removed from the river and the investiga-
tion of the GE site was mired in a morass
ofbureaucracy.

Despite the challenges, the group formed
the Housatonic River Initiative (HRI).
Few believed that a band of citizens
with practically no money and a
tiny constituency could take on
such a large corporation and
jolt the paralysis of inaction.
But five years later,
Pittsfield's pollution problem
was on the front page of The
Wall Street Jo urn ah dredging of
the river had finally begun and teams
of EPA and Massachusetts Department
of Environmental Protection (DEP) agents
were on the case. In the middle of it all
was HRI.

"There was no reason to think HRI was
going to succeed," says George Wislocki,
president of Berkshire Natural Resources
Council, a nonprofit land preservation
group that lias played an instrumental role
in supporting HRI. "We still have a long
way to go, but nobody thought we'd get
this far."

For many years, Pittsfield was a
boomtown. Today, NO SWIMMING OR
FISHING signs line the river's bank south
of the GE facility, while many stores on
Pittsfield's main street are unoccupied.

See HRI, page 6


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Watershed Events

Fall 1998

The Keys to HRI's Success

After five years, HRI has learned—sometimes the hard way—
what works and what doesn't. Here are some lessons drawn from
the organization's experience:

BE THERE. While it may sound elementary, one of the most important things
HRI did was to stay in existence. HRI showed up at every public hearing, insisted on
meeting with company and government officials during lag times, held events to keep a
public presence, and responded to all inquiries.

DO YOUR HOMEWORK. HRI educated themselves on the science of PCBs,
remediation technologies, legal subtleties, and the history of the problem. This
knowledge base gave HRI credibility and helped deflect accusations of being meddle-
some know-nothings.

KEEP PUSHING. "The moment you compromise, you're dead," says Mickey Friedman.
"You can get sucked into what the regulators tell you, but they don't live here, they don't
love the river, and they're under tremendous pressure."

BE POSITIVE. Battling a corporate giant over industrial pollution can be frustrating.
Secure smaller, tangible successes, and where possible make them fun. Street theater
with big signs livened up several public hearings in Pittsfield.

KEEP THE TENT OPEN. Keeping a diverse constituency involved and informed about
its activities has been one of HRI's greatest strengths.

MANIPULATE THE SYSTEM. By knowing what it was talking about and securing the
endorsement of key local organizations and governmental bodies, HRI received several
small, but critical, state and federal grants designed to assist public advocacy groups.

MAINTAIN A THICK SKIN. Be prepared to make enemies and to have public figures
take credit for your successes. Business and political interests in Pittsfield have frowned
on publicity that casts any negative spin on the city.

REACH OUT. Most early HRI participants were environmentalists, but today its most
important constituency is the group of Pittsfield residents who worked with PCBs or own
contaminated land. "They knew more about the contamination than anyone else, and
they are the ones who have suffered the most," says Friedman. "It's unique to have an
alliance between environmentalists and workers. I think it's what has made us so
successful."

HRI from page 5

GE's local workforce has been reduced
from 13,000 to 700 and the local
economy lias collapsed.

GE manufactured electrical transformers
at its Pittsfield location. Extremely
stable, insoluble in water, and nonflam-
mable, PCBs were an ideal coolant to be
used inside the transformers. The
company began using PCBs at the
facility in 1929 and by the 1950s, PCB-

containing transformers built at the
facility were being sent all over the
country. It wasn't until the 1960s that
PCBs were recognized as a serious threat
to the environment and human health.
By then approximately 45,000 pounds
of PCBs had found their way into the
Housatonic.

In 1977 PCBs were finally banned by
the federal government. But by this
time the Housatonic had a pollution
problem that, thanks to the near

indestructibility of PCBs, had the
potential of lasting for centuries.
And the problem does not end at the
river's banks. The floodplain is
contaminated, as is local groundwa-
ter. In the early 1980s a several-foot-
thick layer of PCB-contaminated oil
was found to be floating on top of the
water table over a nine-acre area.

In the 1970s and 1980s the extent of
the damage done to Pittsfield began to
be understood. Former GE workers,
concerned about Pittsfield's future,
described spills, tank ruptures, and
discharges of PCBs. Despite the fact
that GE had already cleaned up several
sites, their stories led to the suspicion
that the problem might be worse than
was known or thought. Moreover,
studies in the 1980s found GE workers
more than twice as likely to get cancer
as the general population.

And so it was that in the summer of
1992 George Wislocki and State
Representative Christopher Hodgkins
called a meeting of any and all who
had been involved in the PCB battle.
HRI was launched with a 15-person
steering committee, five other commit-
tees to focus on specific issues, and
Hodgkins's office staff serving as the
focal point for the organization. HRI's
efforts moved forward on two planes:
the short-term goal of educating the
general public about the issue and the
long-term goal of PCB removal.

HRI adopted a logo. It published a
simple four-page newsletter. A series
of meetings was held with state and
federal officials in which HRI
demanded action and greater public
participation. Several HRI members
took it upon themselves to fully
understand PCBs and the various
possibilities of remediation. They
went to town boards for official
endorsements to represent the public.
HRI thus legitimized its demands for
a seat at the table and soon was
allowed at state-level discussions.
HRI also met with GE officials to
express its concerns and to hear GE's
own perspectives.


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 7

When the time eventually came for public
hearings to be held, HRI didn't just hope
people would show up—it worked very
hard to make sure they did. Notices were
mailed and calls made. As a result,
hundreds of people attended the hearings
and demanded action. Suddenly there
was a new public sense of urgency, and
the regulators responded. The DEP hired
a person devoted solely to the GE/
Housatonic River issue. EPA assigned
two new people to the remediation
process.

Shortly afterward, HRI was able to secure
public funding, tapping into small pools
of money that the DEP and EPA make
available to assist public efforts. These
grants have been HRI's main source of
funding ever since.

The group went on
to conduct a
remediation
research project
with Tufts

University, to secure
its own legal status, and
to work with the state on health studies,
all the while continuing to work with the
DEP, EPA, and GE.

At some point, it was obvious that the
element HRI was missing was the city of
Pittsfield itself. Although some residents
were involved, the initiative had failed to
gain a groundswell of support in the
45,000-personcity. "Everyone talks
about how HRI lias fought GE, but it was
just as important to make the community
face up to the problem, especially in
Pittsfield," says Rachel Fletcher, a
member of HRI.

All that changed in the spring of 1997
when PCB contamination was discov-
ered in the yards of residences and a
city park. It had been common
practice during the 1940s and 1950s
for truckloads of waste soil from the
GE plant to be used as fill in other
parts of the city. At a children's park,
tests revealed PCB concentrations of
190 ppm. One backyard had a
concentration of 44,000 ppm. The
DEP has established 2 ppm as the

upper limit for the presence of PCBs
in drinking water.

"As soon as PCBs started showing up in
people's backyards, they started calling
us," says Tim Gray, an HRI board
member since its inception. "At first, I
had one-on-one meetings, then it was
street meetings, and finally neighbor-
hood meetings. People were showing up
a hundred at a time. They didn't know
anything about PCBs and we were the
only ones who could really answer their
questions."

Reporters from local and national
newspapers soon began covering the
story. Front-page headlines about new
discoveries, potential solutions, and

swaying political stances graced
The Boston Globe and the
local daily. The
Berkshire Eagle.
Hundreds of
outraged
homeowners and
residents, some of
whom discovered that they
had raised their children in PCB hot spots
jammed public hearings.

Many questions remain unanswered, and
elements of the story are as depressing
now as they were a decade ago. The cost
to remove the PCBs, regardless who pays
it, will be staggering: it is estimated at
between $500 million and $1 billion.
Whether the PCBs can be cleaned up
and what will be done with the contami-
nated soil are unknown. What will
happen to the land, when and if it is ever
usable, is also uncertain; partial redevel-
opment solutions, such as brownfields,
have been discussed but not yet imple-
mented. One certainty, however, is that
HRI will remain right in the middle of
tilings.

HRI isn't the only grassroots organiza-
tion that is working to clean up the
Housatonic River and its watershed.
One group, the Housatonic Valley
Association , has more than 3,000
members that conduct river monitoring
activities, greenway projects, and
education and outreach efforts. HVA

has also organized 10 Stream Teams
that consist of volunteers trained to
conduct shoreline surveys of 10 sub-
basins in the area. The Stream Teams
will also be charged with creating water
quality monitoring programs within
each basin.

[Editor's Note: On September 24,

General Electric agreed to a $200
million settlement in principle of environ-
mental claims resulting from the pollu-
tion of the Housatonic River and other
areas from chemical releases from it
Pittsfield plant. The claims result from a
long history of GE's use and disposal of
PCBs and other hazardous substances at
the plant, which GE no longer uses for
manufacturing.

Under the settlement, GE will remove
contaminated sediments from the one-
half mile of the Housatonic River nearest
the GE plant. Through a cost-sharing
agreement, GE will also fund much of the
anticipated cost of an additional 1.5-mile
river cleanup to be conducted by EPA. A
plan is also being drawn up to cleanup
portions of the river further downstream.
GE will perform that cleanup as well as
remedy contamination at the Pittsfield
plants and other nearby areas, including
a school and se\>eral commercial
properties.]

Reading and Writing and...
Riparian Zones?

When the kids in Susan Estes' eighth
grade class head
back to school
each fall, their
list of school
supplies is
likely to include
some unconven-
tional items. In
addition to the us. .. "¦ 1
calculators and

notebooks, these students need waders
and dip nets.

* &

See Reading, page 8


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Page 8

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Students at Oak Park Middle School hi

Decatur, Alabama planted trees to stabilize
shoreline along Flint Creek.

Reading from page 7

Since Estes started the environmental
field studies class back in 1994, more
than 100 students at Oak Park Middle
School in Decatur, Alabama, have
participated in nearly two dozen
projects designed to improve and
protect ecological conditions in the
Flint Creek watershed of the Tennessee
River. And we're not talking about
busy work, either. When these kids
tackle an environmental problem, they
mean business.

When her students expressed concern
that wave action was causing erosion and
undercutting banks along Point Mallard
Park's three-mile nature trail bordering
the river, Estes encouraged them to see
what they could do about it. "Since we're
located in a rapidly growing urban and
industrial area," she explains, "public
access along the waterway is limited.
More than 20,000 people a year use the
trail for hiking and biking, and many of
those are Oak Park students. Our kids
feel a real sense of ownership for the
area; we wanted to do everything we
could to make sure this little piece of
wilderness didn't disappear."

The class approached the mayor and city
council with a proposal to assess the
trail's condition, determine the rate and
amount of erosion and suggest the most
appropriate, cost-effective method of

bank stabilization and shoreline
reclamation. After receiving the
official "go-ahead," the students
began their soil bioengineering
research—with assistance from
the Tennessee Valley
Authority's Clean Water
Initiative, the Flint Creek
Watershed Project, and the
Natural Resources Conservation
Service. They put the informa-
tion they'd gathered into action
by first taking on a couple of
small-scale test projects on land
belonging to Morgan County
fanners. Their success in
replacing riparian vegetation on
pasture streambanks gave them
the confidence they needed to tackle the
imposing Point Mallard shoreline
stabilization project.

Another year, another class of students...
and the work continues. So far, the teens
have planted a total of 1,160 trees,
sluubs, and emergent vegetation (includ-
ing baldcypress, black willow, alder,
buttonbush, silky dogwood, bass grass,
and hibiscus) along a 200-meter stretch
of the riverbank. Their long-term
objective is to reclaim and stabilize 1,000
meters of shoreline along the trail,
preventing further soil erosion and
improving water quality. A recently
awarded grant of $20,000 from 3M
Corporation will go a long way toward
that goal; the students are exploring the
use of liard-armoring techniques in their
efforts to keep soils in place. The
shoreline stabilization project is expected
to take three to five years to complete,
with several hundred students involved
over that course of time.

The field studies classes have been
involved in many other projects, includ-
ing conducting an ongoing water quality
monitoring program, constructing two
on-campus wetland cells used to grow the
plants needed for their reclamation
project, and writing and producing two
videos about their work. They've also
undertaken a variety of education-based
initiatives designed to raise public
awareness about water quality issues. The
students have made presentations to state

and regional water management
conferences and partnered with an
extensive list of local, state, and federal
agencies. In the upcoming school year,
the class will be producing a CD based
on four multimedia programs made by
earlier classes. To be distributed to
schools throughout the watershed, the
CD covers the history of Flint Creek,
nonpoint source pollution water
chemistry testing, and bioassessment.

According to Estes, the students learn
that everything on the planet is con-
nected: "They work as members of a
team to solve real-world problems, and
they can begin to see the difference their
involvement makes in the resource—and
in the community." There's a real sense
of continuity among the classes, with
each year's group of students working
hard to further the accomplishments of
the class preceding them. "These kids
are developing an environmental ethic
that's going to stay with them through-
out their lives," says Estes. As one of
last year's students remarked, "I can't
wait to bring my own children back here
in 25 years and show them what we did."

For more information contact Susan
Estes at Oak Park Middle School, (256)
552-3035.

Senior Pennsylvanians Join
the Ranks of Volunteer
Monitors

There's a new game in store for some of
Pennsylvania's senior citizens, and it's
not Bingo! The Environmental Alliance
for Senior Involvement (EASI), a
national partner with EPA and other
environmental organizations, lias created
a statewide EASI Senior Environment
Corps (SEC) with the help of
Pennsylvania's Departments of Environ-
mental Protection and Aging.

EASI's mission is to promote in senior
Americans an environmental ethic that
results in expanding their knowledge,
commitment, and active involvement in
protecting and caring for the environ-


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 9

Tips on Creating a
Senior Environmental Organi-
zation For Your Community

This guide offers valuable tips
and advice on how to establish a
senior environmental organiza-
tion in your area. Written by Tom
Benjamin, president of the
Environmental Alliance for Senior
Involvement, the guide is avail-
able online at www.easi.org/
senior_environment_corps.html.

ment for future generations. SEC is
EASf's national organization to link
seniors across the country in achieving
sustainable communities. Pennsylvania's
SEC is the first statewide SEC in the
Nation. The program is a national model
that is piloting standardized statewide
citizen water quality monitoring with
standardized quality assurance/control,
testing parameters, and equipment and
training. Nearly 200 older Pennsylva-
nians are working in their own commu-
nities around the state on 10 pilot
projects to monitor water quality and
provide mentoring and community
education through partnerships with
schools and other community organiza-
tions. The 10 pilot project communities
are Allentown, Indiana. Lansdale,
Meadville, Mechanicsburg, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Scran ton. Warreu and York.

Monitoring is already underway in many
subbasins around the state. The data that
are collected are being stored in an
online database that can be found at
www.environmentaleducation.org. The
data are quality controlled by the
Pennsylvania Department of Environ-
mental Protection. EASI lias also
created a special database for use during
Pennsylvania's "Water Snapshot '98," a
statewide effort to publicize citizen water
quality monitoring efforts. SEC data
managers will be entering the data
collected during this 10-day event, for
the state to analyze and use. For more
information, contact Peggy Harlow
Knight, National EASI Program
Director, 5615 N. 26th St., Arlington,

VA 22207. phone: (703) 241-0019; fax:
(703) 538-5504; Mknighteco@aol.com.
To become a sponsor of a Senior
Environment Corps in your community,
e-mail EASI at easi@easi.org.

Anacostia Watershed
Society Helps Bring River
Back to Life

Back in 1989 when Anacostia Water-
shed Society (AWS) began organizing
volunteers for cleanup events, AWS staff
never had to look very far for a site along
the river in need. Today, they are happy
to admit, they sometimes have to hunt to
find areas with enough trash to keep
their volunteers busy.

AWS is a non-profit organization
working to restore the Anacostia River
for the health and enjoyment of all
residents of the community, Since its
inception in 1989, it lias organized more
than 16,600 volunteers who have
removed 237 tons of debris and more
than 5,000 tires from the river and its
banks. Within the watershed, volunteers
have planted 9,093 trees and stenciled
694 storm drains with the message
"Don't Dump Anacostia River Drain-
age." AWS staff have provided half
day canoe tours of the river to nearly
3,000 people—about 1,300 of which are
students. More than 9,000 people have
seen the AWS educational slide show.
Add all of these
statistics together and
you have a very large
measure of success. In
addition to restoration
events, AWS organizes
tours of the river for
groups interested in
discovering this
beautiful and underused
resource.

Today more than sixty
species of birds and
forty-three species of
fish call the river
home, even river otter

have been spotted there, which hasn't
happened since the 1960s. Listed as
"one of the most threatened rivers"
by American Rivers in 1995, the
Anacostia is coming back to life
thanks to grassroots efforts like AWS
and a renewed federal and state
commitment.

For more information, contact Jane
McGlade at (301) 699-6204, Anacostia
Watershed Society. Visit AWS's home
page at www.anacostiaws.org or call
(301) 699-6204 to find out about
restoration events and river tours.

Washington State Cleanups
Yield Some Surprises

What do a 75-foot oil boom, an old car
bumper, and a mattress have in com-
mon? They were among 64 cubic yards
of trash removed from Washington State
coastal waters and shorelines in spring
cleanup campaigns.

In celebration of Earth Day 1998, Kitsap
County in Washington conducted a
number of cleanup events. In Port
Orchard, 25 volunteers picked up two
dumpsters of trash along the south shore
of Sinclair Met. That same day 50
volunteers picked up another two
dumpsters of trash along the west end and
north shore of Sinclair Inlet and along
couple of miles of Washington Narrows,

See Kitsap, page 10

Volunteers for the Anacostia Watershed Society pause
for photo with their largest catch on Watts Branch
Cleanup Day.


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Page 10

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Volunteers in Kitsap County, Washington
removed two dumpsters worth of trash at an Earth
Day cleanup event at Sinclair Inlet.

Kitsap from page 9

scuba divers helped clean up under the 1st
Street dock. Meanwhile, 50 more volun-
teers, including Brownie Scouts and then-
leaders, were helping the City of Bremerton
Parks Department remove weeds and plant
new trees and vegetation at Lions Field
Park and Pat Carey View Vista, near Puget
Sound's Washington Narrows.

The following Friday, 700 volunteers from
the U.S. Navy Submarine Base, Central
Kitsap School District teachers and
students, and some volunteer scuba divers
joined in the cleanup along about Dyes
Inlet shoreline near Silverdale, Washing-
ton. "Treasures" collected there ranged
from tiny cigarette butts to an oil boom
that was more than 50 feet long.

Shoreline and underwater cleanups have
occurred at Sinclair Inlet twice a year since
1990—on Earth Day in the spring and
during WATERWEEKS in September.
For more information contact Donald
Larson Kitsap Diving Association P.O.
Box 1302, Bremerton WA 98337-0511,
phone: (360) 373-7593; e-mail:
dolarson@linknet.kitsap.lib.wa.us.

For FOLKS in South
Carolina, Watershed Protec-
tion Is a Family Affair

More than 1200 families are now members
of the Friends Of Lake Keowee Society
(FOLKS), and volunteer participation lias

reached new heights. In the
past 12 months, lake surveys
by boat and air have docu-
mented many lake and stream
problems. Thanks to FOLKS
and its partners, most prob-
lems are getting the attention
they need. With assistance
from Duke Energy, the South
Carolina Department of
Health and Environmental
Control, the South Carolina
Department of Natural
Resources, and local govern-
ment, FOLKS members were
able to remove unauthorized
signs and derelict boats, repair collapsing
docks, recover drifting floats and trees,
improve navigation aids, correct inad-
equate silt barriers, and replace a leaking
septic field.

As FOLKS expanded over the past year,
conservation seminars were added to
member forums and featured an outstand-

ing array of speakers. Pontoon classrooms
and support for Science Fairs and Eco
Days inspired future conservationists.
Sweeps kept shoreline litter in check, and
divers began to attack debris under major
marinas. FOLKS promoted strengthened
boating regulations and also established a
library, telephone inquiry center, and
"who to call" directories. In the spring,
newly fonned Stream Teams began
"Wade-ins" and "Critter Counts" to assay
stream health and head off problems
before they affect the lake. And, through
an alliance with the Appalachian Council
of Governments and many government
agencies and regional oiganizations, work
is beginning on a plan for the long-term
protection of the water resources of the
Keowee basin. Assistance on lake
problems and infonnation about the
society are now available by dialing the
message center at (864) 882-FOLK. For
more infonnation contact Bill Ebeling,
President, Friends Of Lake Keowee
Society, PO Box 80, Newry SC 29665;

Watershed Poetry and Art Contest

The theme for this year's River of Words Poetry and Art Contest will
again be "watersheds." This international contest, which is sponsored
by the Library of Congress Center for the Book and the International
Rivers Network (IRN), is open to young poets and artists from 5-19
years of age. One international winner plus eight national grand prize
winners and their parents will again win trips to Washington, D.C. to be
honored at the Library of Congress in the Spring of 1999.

A panel of judges, headed by former U.S. Poet Laureate (1995-1997)
Robert Haas and the International Children's Art Museum, will choose
winners in four age categories on poetry and art. Fifty finalists will win
prizes ranging from art supplies to books and T-shirts. All entrants are
acknowledged with Watershed Explorer™ Certificates. The deadline
for submissions is February 15, 1999.

"The River of Words Project strives to give children a sense of place
and belonging," said project co-founder Robert Haas. "We're encour-
aging children to explore their neighborhoods, schoolyards, creeks, and
imaginations" added project director and co-founder Pamela Michael.

For free entry forms and contest guidelines or to order the 50-page
Teacher's Guide ($6, includes postage and handling) or other teaching
materials, contact International Rivers Network, River of Words Project,
PO Box4000-J, Berkeley, CA 94704; e-mail row@irn.org or visit IRN's
Website at www.irn.org.


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 11

(978) 263-7370 or The
Organization for the Assabet
River, e-mail:
OARWultrancLcom.

Rivanna River
Volunteers Docu-
ment the State of
their Basin

I leaf drifts lazily down from the tree I am sitting mar;
lands within the water then drifts slowly away.

Little fish dart around the deeper parts of the creek,

They seem in a terrible hurry to get no where.

I turn around and look behind me,

There is a small place where the creek is much deeper.

The sun shines on it just right making it appear a dark shade of coppery gold.

—Annie Hald, age 12
Rivanna River Explore Day Participant

phone: (864) 882-3655; e-mail:
ebehngbill@juno.com.

Volunteers Conduct First
Visual Shoreline Survey of
Acton Streams

Between April 22 and May % 1998, more
than 150 volunteers (organized into Stream
Teams) in Acton, Massachusetts, took to
their canoes and donned hip waders to
conduct the first-ever visual shoreline
survey of the two main stream systems in
Acton (a total of 36 stream segments). The
teams, made up of third and fourth grade
students, high school students, and other
volunteers from the community, surveyed
approximately 25 miles of Acton shoreline.
They made maps, took photographs,
recorded stream conditions, and completed
bridge, wetland, and pipe surveys. They
also identified both assets (e.g., wildlife and
wildlife habitat, historical sites, etc.) and
potential problems (e.g., trash yard waste,
and runoff concerns). Local businesses
contributed refreshments, disposable
cameras, a discount on film developing,
and videotapes for the training session,
which was recorded and rebroadcast nine
times by the local access cable television
station.

The photographs, maps, and data gener-
ated by the survey have already served as a
valuable resource in the process of
identifying areas where best management
practices could be used to reduce the input
of pollutants into streams from street
runoff and other sources. The teams have
also formed four Task Forces—Cleanup,
Stewardship, Web Site, and Rail Trail
Development/Linkage—to work on some
of the short- and long-term projects
identified during the shoreline survey. A
streamside cleanup is being planned for
this fall, and outreach materials are being
developed for distribution. A Stream
Team web site containing educational
material, maps, and photographs from the
36 stream sections will soon be accessible.
Visit www.ultranet.com/~balkus_p/
st ream, htm for survey results from one
stream section. For more information,
contact Maiy Michelmau e-mail:
mtmichehnan@compuserv.com phone:

Each year, the Governor of Virginia
delivers a State of the Commonwealth
Address. Rivanna River Basin Project
organizers in central Virginia have
followed suit by releasing Rivanna River
Basin Project: State of the Basin 1998.
The report assesses past and current
conditions of the Rivanna River and its
tributaries, located in Charlottesville,
Virginia, and spells out detailed recom-
mendations to help the watershed achieve
desired future conditions. The Rivanna
Riv er Basin Project (initiated by the
Thomas Jefferson Planning District
Commission) was designed to engage
citizen volunteers in research, field data
collection, and the development of
recommendations for the Rivanna River
Watershed. Citizens were recruited for
the Rivanna Roundtable and charged with
conducting research and making recom-
mendations on water quality and quantity,
habitat and morphology, land use, public
policy and regulation, and history. Field
Teams, small teams of volunteer moni-
tors, monitored macroinvertebrates,
chemical characteristics, and morphologi-
cal characteristics at 14 monitoring
stations across the basin.

"Rivanna River Explore
Day" was organized to kick
off data collection for the
report. The event was an
opportunity to broaden
participation by calling on
the general public to set out
across the basin, individu-
ally or in small groups, to
document the state of the
basin at the location of their
choice. More than 100
participants including scout
troops, school groups, and
residents of a retirement

village provided a rich 25-volume
archive including photographs, video
and audio tapes, descriptive maps and
text, sketches, and poems.

The overall goal of the project was to
gather information that can be used to
maintain and improve water quality and
to provide this information to citizens
and local decision makers. In State of
the Basin 1998, the Roundtable made a
number of recommendations relating to
water quality improvements and
identified strategies that will improve
water quality and community enjoyment
of the river. The recommendations
included development of a corridor plan
to guide decision making related to
preservation and use of the river;
development of a comprehensive
database of all information related to the
river, and establishment of an inter-
agency data collection and monitoring
program. More information on the
project can be found on the Internet at
www.avenue.org/tjpdc, or by contacting
Rochelle Garwood at the Thomas
Jefferson Planning District Commission
at (804) 979-7310.

St. Anne's Belfield Ecology Club members identified
macroinvertebrates from Ivy Creek for the Rivamia
River Basin Project: State of the Basin 1998 report.


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Page 12

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Adopt-A-Watershed Curricu-
lum Sparks Kids' Interest in
Science

Kids of all ages are getting more than
they bargained for in their science
classes, and loving it. Gone are the days
of boring lectures and dry reading. The
Adopt-A-Watershed curriculum is a K-12
school-community interdisciplinary
learning experience that uses local
watersheds as living laboratories. The
material can be used in urban suburban
or rural schools and may be adapted to fit
each school's needs.

The program lias five main elements
incorporated into each grade level unit of
study: applying science concepts directly
to a local
watershed, a
long-term
field study, a
restoration
project, a
community
action project,
and built-in
reflection
activities. The
program provides teacher training and
consultation to tailor the program to local
community needs. In the K-3 units,
young students learn what a watershed is
and what kinds of wildlife live in it.
Grades 4-7 learn about the landfonns and
geology of their watershed, evolution of
the plants and animals in their water-
shed, and how ecosystems work. Older
students in grades 8-12 study water
quality, watershed physics, and wildlife
and vegetation management. EPA
provides funding to train teachers and
community leaders in Adopt-A-
Watershed's integrated environmental
education program.

Ted James, a teacher at Eagle Valley
Middle School in Eagle, Colorado, found
that Adopt-A-Watershed's Geologic
History Unit is a great way to pique
students' interest. Last year, James'
students used the curriculum to study
geology and then related that field to

astronomy and ecology, all while staying
focused on a watershed theme.

The Geologic History Unit captivates the
students' interest by focusing on Major
John Wesley Powell's historic 1869 river
expedition through the Grand Canyon.
Students read sections of Powell's journal
and learn about the geology of the Grand
Canyon while keeping their own journal
and discovering the geologic history of
their own watershed. James began his
school's unit with a splash by taking all
140 seventh graders on a raft trip down
the Colorado River through Glenwood
Canyon encouraging students to imagine
themselves trying to collect data while
facing the dangers and hardships of such a
river trip.

So far, James' seventh graders have
established two long-term field studies,
including a soil erosion study and water
chemistry study. Students learn that
studying the geology of a watershed is
critical to understanding the ecology and
interrelationships between living tilings,
because the lay of the land and its
mineral composition directly affect the
chemistry of water and thus the life that
can thrive there.

Toni Rockwell, a fourth grade teacher in
the Tahoe-Truckee Unified School District
in Tahoe City, California, took her
students on several field trips to the Ward
Creek and Lake Tahoe watersheds to learn
about the processes that shape the creek,
the lake and their watersheds. The
students' thirst for more knowledge could
not be quenched, so Rockwell brought in
Mick Hogan, a University of California
soil scientist, to answer their questions.
Gleaning information from local experts,
students further their knowledge while
learning about the kinds of enviromnental
careers that are available to them. For
more information visit Adopt-A-Water-
shed on the web at
www.adopt-a-watershed.org/
welcome.html or contact Jesse Miller,
Associate Director, Adopt-A-Watershed,
731 Market Street, Suite 600A, San
Francisco, California 94103; phone:
(415)541-9657; e-mail:
jessef@earthlink.net.

Students Give Water A Hand

Eighth-grade students in Morgan County,
Georgia were concerned that some people
in their community believed fanners did
not care about the environment. To
investigate this concern, the students
collaborated with local experts in their
community, including a local USD A
water quality specialist to learn about
agricultural best management practices
(BMPs) and to what extent they were
being used in their community.

The students were participants in Give
Water A Hand, a watershed education
program for youth developed by the
University of Wisconsin's Environmental
Resources Center. Support for the
program is also provided by EPA, the
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
USD A, and Church & Dwight, Co., Inc.
The program seeks to involve young
people in community environmental
service projects.

With the help of USD A, the students
tested water quality in a local creek. They
also worked with a member of the county
Farm Bureau to visit farms in their
community to see what measures fanners
were taking to protect the environment.
As a indicator of whether the BMPs were
functioning properly, the students also
tested well water quality on the fanns they
visited.

The students found that fanners were
implementing many programs to protect
ground water and surface water. To
help raise citizen awareness about the
watershed protection measures being
taken by fanners, the students went on
to educate community members about
their findings.

Give Water a Hand materials map out an
action plan for investigating local
watershed concerns and taking action to
address a local problem. By involving
young people in local watershed protec-
tion Give Water A Hand helps them gain
skills for environmental stewardship. For
more infonnation call 1-800-WATER20
or write to Give Water A Hand,

[I ADO PT^|

VaterJmed

tofv1


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 13

216 Agriculture Hall, 1450 Linden
Drive, Madison, WI 53706. Visit the
Give Water A Hand web site at
www.uwex.edu/erc.

Saves Our Streams Program Saves Wetlands Too

Several wetlands workshops are being offered around the country by
the Izaak Walton League of America (IWLA) as part of the League's
Save Our Streams (SOS) Wetlands Conservation and Sustainability
Initiative. The goal of SOS's wetlands initiative is to encourage
citizens to take a proactive role in conserving and restoring wetlands.

The one- and two-day workshops are geared toward citizens, educa-
tors, community and business leaders, and others with a non-science
background. Morning sessions consist of classroom lectures on local
wetland hydrology, vegetation, and soils; relevant regulations; using
resources such as plant keys; and wetland functions and values.
Afternoons will be devoted to field training sessions in which partici-
pants will see examples of plant adaptations, explore differences
between upland and wetland soils, examine the effects of human
impacts on wetlands and identify vegetation. In the two-day work-
shop, participants also will learn techniques for setting up transects,
monitoring vegetation, and sampling soils. Each participant will
receive a copy of the Handbook for Wetlands Conservation and
Sustainability. The handbook is also offered through SOS for $35.00
plus $5.00 shipping and handling. Please call (800) BUG-IWLA
(284-4952) or e-mail sos@iwla.org for ordering information.

One-day workshops will be offered in conjunction with Terrene
Institute's Communities Working for Wetlands conferences. The
conferences will be held in New Orleans (February 18-20), San
Francisco (March 18-20), Indianapolis (April 8-10) and Boston (May
6-8). SOS workshops
will take place on the
day before each
conference. In addition,

IWLA is seeking groups
that are interested in
hosting a workshop.

For more information,
call Leah Graff, SOS
Technical Coordinator;
or Julie Middleton, SOS
Program Director, at
(800) BUG-IWLA
(284-4952).

Two Towns Join to Improve
Local Creek's Health
Through Environmental
Youth Program

The Chelsea Creek Action Group
(CCAG). a coalition of three community
groups in East Boston and Chelsea,
Massachusetts, is working to improve
the Chelsea Creek watershed environ-
ment. To raise environmental and
public health awareness, CCAG created
an Environmental Youth Program that
employs young people throughout the
summer and provides hands-on lessons
about their urban environment.

CCAG is a coalition of the East Boston
Ecumenical Community Council,
Neighborhood of Affordable Housing,
and the Chelsea Human Services
Collaborative/Chelsea Green Space
and Recreation Committee. Chelsea
Creek flows between East Boston and
the city of Chelsea. The creek runs
through industrialized waterfronts and
suffers from pollution from such
industries as oil/petroleum refineries,
metal recycling, and storage of salt
piles. In addition, airport parking lots
along the waterfront channelize urban
runoff directly into the creek.

The youth used their creative talents to
improve the watershed in a number of
ways including: developing a "vision
map" which highlighted what residents
would like to see along the creek;
stenciling approximately 30 storm drains
throughout East Boston with "Drains to
Boston Harbor"; and working to design
and implement a shoreline survey on an
one-mile stretch of Chelsea Creek. This
year the youth program also cared for
approximately 100 young street trees in
the community. Participants learned to
identify and assess tree health and
removed and replanted 30 yew bushes
around a public housing development.

Other activities included a visit to Belle
Isle to learn about the marsh's ecosys-
tem; a beach cleanup; and an environ-
mental justice and cleanup conference in
Roxbury. Through these activities, the
youth developed an appreciation for the
Chelsea Creek Watershed and its
condition, the role of urban trees within
it and the relationship between the
environment and their communities.

The CCAG Environmental Youth
Program is funded in part by the
Greater Boston Urban Resource
Partnership (URP). URP is a
collaboration of community groups;
nonprofit organizations; and
federal, state, and city agencies
working to improve Boston's urban
environment. EPA and USD A also
provide funding.


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Page 14

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

New Resources

Publications tES

Water, Culture, and
Power: Local

Struggles in a Global Context

Edited by Barbara Johnston and John
Donahue, Water, Culture, and Power
presents case studies from around the
world that examine the complex culture
and power dimensions of water resources
management. It touches on everything
from dam construction and hydroelectric
power generation to water quality and
potable water systems. Hardback editions
are $50 and paperbacks are $30. For a
copy, contact Robbie Kaplan, Island
Press, 1718 Connecticut Avenue, NW,
Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009-1148;
phone: (202) 232-7933; fax: (202) 234-
1328; e-mail: rkaplan@islandpress.org;
website: www.islandpress.org.

Massachusetts Bays Watershed
Stewardship Guide Now Available

The Massachusetts Bays Education
Alliance is dedicated to building a
community of educators who teach about
and promote the protection of the Massa-
chusetts Bays through their "Watershed to
Bays" curriculum. The curriculum hinges
on a stewardship guidebook (Massachu-
setts Bays Watershed Stewardship Guide:
An Education Resource) that has been
updated over the last two years. The
guide contains more than 300 pages of
activities for grades 4-12. The activities
involve inquiry, problem-solving, and
models. For a copy of the guide, contact
Faith Burbank at (781) 293-3541; e-mail:
fburbankVv,umcxt.umass.edu.

Software

Hi-Tech Software Spotlights Water-
shed Efforts

Produced by Mountain Visions for the
Bureau of Land Management, the Aurora
Project is a CD-ROM and website that

offers a virtual exploration of community
watershed partnerships in the western
United States.

The Aurora Project shows users a variety
of riparian environments where work to
restore damaged watersheds has been
rewarded by significant improvement in
watershed health and productivity. Users
can select their route, the flora and fauna
they want to see, the birds they want to
hear, and the depth of the experience and
information they desire.

To order a copy, e-mail Mountain
Visions at mvWmtnvisions.com or visit
their website at www.mtnvisions.com/
aurora/home.html. The Aurora Project is
also viewable in an interactive computer
kiosk at the Idaho Department of Fish
and Game MK Nature Center, 600 S.
Walnut St., Boise, Idaho; phone: (208)
334-2225.

Web Sites

Green Communities Assistance Kits

Green Communities is a new EPA
program that assists community leaders
and community organizations by provid-
ing information, tools, resource materials,
case studies, and indicators to help their
communities become more sustainable.
The cornerstone of the program is its
online Green Communities Assistance
Kit—a step-by-step guide for planning
and implementing sustainable actions.

The kit is a comprehensive reference
guide for identifying and resolving
needs, interests, and problems for a range
of communities, whether they be urban,
suburban, or rural. The web site provides
information on how to get started, what
tools are available to help communities,
as well as case studies from successful
communities. The Green Communities
Assistance Kit is available at
www.epa.gov/region03/greenkit/
index.html.

Federal Advisory Committee
Recommends Changes in
TMDL Program

In July, a Federal Advisory Committee
on the Clean Water Act's Total
Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)
program, sent a report to EPA's
Administrator with 170 recommenda-
tions for improving the program. The
recommendations suggest new policy
directions in some areas, while
endorsing approaches consistent with
current practice in other areas.

The 20-member committee, convened
by EPA in I996, represents diverse
geographic, policy and professional
perspectives, including state and local
governments, tribes, environmental
groups, industry, agriculture, forestry,
academia, and three federal agen-
cies. EPA is in the process of
developing revisions to existing TMDL
regulations and guidance, and as part
of this process, will carefully review
and consider the committee's
recommendations.

A TMDL specifies how much a
pollutant needs to be reduced to meet
water quality standards. It also
allocates pollutant load reductions
among pollutant sources in a
watershed and provides the basis for
taking actions needed to restore a
waterbody, through point source and
nonpoint source controls. Under the
program, states must identify and list
waterbodies where state water quality
standards are not being met and then
establish TMDLs for these waters.

A fact sheet and full report is available
on the Internet at www.epa.gov/owow/
tmdl/advisory.html, or by calling EPA's
Watershed Branch at (202) 260-7074.
For more information, contact Robin
Woods at (202) 260-4377.


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Fall 1998

Watershed Events

Page 15

EVENTS

NOVEMBER

12-15 1998 Priming the Pump

and Groundwater National
Conference, Hyatt Alicante,
Anaheim, CA. Contact The
Groundwater Foundation,
P.O. Box 22558, Lincoln,
NE 68542; phone: (800)
858-4844; fax: (402) 434-
2742; e-mail:
i n foir/g ro ii nd w a t c r. o rg.

15-19 1998 Annual Conference
on Water Resources &
Symposia on Management
of Human Impacts on the
Coastal Environment and
Applications of Water Use
Information, Point clear,
AL. Contact AWRA,

Attn: 1998 Annual Confer-
ence & Symposia, 950
Herndon PKWY, Ste. 300,
Herndon, VA 20170-5531.
phone: (703) 904-1225.

DECEMBER

6-10 Hydrophobic Organic

Compounds in Rivers, San

Francisco, CA. Contact
Valerie Kelly

(vjkelly@usgs.gov) or Kathy
McCarthy

(mccarthy@usgs.gov),
USGS, 10615 SE Cherry
Blossom Drive, Portland,
OR 97216; phone: (503)
251-3244; fax: (503) 251-
3470.

14-16 Nutrient Management in
the 21st Century, Denver,
CO. Contact Americas
Clean Water Foundation,
P.O. Box 75115, Washing-

ton, DC 20013-5115; phone:
(202) 898-0908; e-mail:
acwft@clark.net; web site:
www.acwf.org.

15-17 Second Annual Partners for
Smart Growth Conference,

Austin, TX. Contact the
Urban Land Institute at (800)
321-5011; web site:
www.uli.org.

JANUARY

11-15 Working at a Watershed
Level, Cliico, CA. Contact
Dr. Donald Holtgrieve at (530)
898-5780; fax: (530) 898-
6781; e-mail:

holtgrieve(S)faculty po.csucliico.edu;
website: www.csucliico.edu/
-donald/January course. htm.

24-27 Tailings and Mine Waste 99,

Ft. Collins, CO. Contact
Linda L. Hinshaw at (970)
491-6081; fax: (970) 491-
3584; e-mail:

lhinshaw(®,engr. colostate. edu.

FEBRUARY

10-12 The 1999 North Carolina
Environmental Education
Conference, Research
Triangle Park, NC. Contact
Judy Pope, Office of Environ-
mental Education, P.O. Box
27687, Raleigh, NC 27611-
7687; phone: (919) 733-0711.

18-19 Conference on Stormwater
and Urban Water Systems
Modeling, Toronto, Ontario.
Contact Lyn James at Compu-
tational Hydraulics, Int., 36
Stuart Street, Guelph, ON,
Canada N1E 4S5. Phone:
(519) 767-0197; fax: (519)
767-2770; e-mail:
info(®,chi.on.ca; web:
www.clii.on.ca.

18-20 Third Annual American
Wetlands Month Confer-
ence, meeting in four
"Communities Working for
Wetlands" across the nation.
Beginning in New Orleans,
LA, Feb. 18-20, the confer-
ence continues to San
Francisco, CA, March 18-20
and Indianapolis, IN, April
8-10, officially opening
American Wetlands Month
north of Boston in Andover,
MA, May 6-8. The confer-
ences will feature hands-on,
interactive workshops where
participants will learn how to
solve their own wetland
problems.

MARCH

22-27	Wetlands Engineering and
River Restoration Confer-
ence, Denver, CO. Spon-
sored by the American
Society of Civil Engineers.
Contact ASCE, Conferences
and Expositions, P.O. Box
832, Somerset, NJ 08875-
0832. Phone: (800) 548-
ASCE within the U.S., and
(703) 295-6050 outside the
U.S.; fax: (703) 295-6333.

23-25	Building Clean Water
Communities, Holidome,
Lawrence, Kansas. Contact
Ruth Wallace, Missouri
Department of Natural
Resources, For more
information, phone: (573)
751-7428.

30-1 Creative Solutions:

Moving Rural Communi-
ties into the 21st Century,

Seattle, WA. Sponsored by
Rural Community Assis-
tance Corporation. For
more information, contact
RCAC at (916) 447-9832,
ext. 139.


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Page 16

Watershed Events

Fall 1998

Modernized STORET Will Improve Data Sharing
k	Among Citizen Monitors, States, and Locals

_ P EPA has modernized its STOrage and RETrieval (STORET) waterqualitydatabasesystemtobettermeettheemerging
JTCRET data and information needs associated with watershed protection. Federal agencies, states, tribes, local governments,
Jfffr academic groups, and citizen volunteers will find the modernized STORET—released in September, 1998—to be a
revolutionary step forward in the collection, management, and sharing of water quality data. ST0 RET is free to users, easy
to use, supported and maintained by EPA, and flexible enough to go anywhere you can take a laptop. The system has menu access
and browse capability, supports storage of quality assurance and quality control information, and provides a wide range of standard output
formats (e.g. dBase, Lotus, and ASCII). It allows users to store chemical data, biological community information, sediment toxicity
information, and aquatic habitat evaluations. It also supports the geographic information system (GIS) environment. Data stored in
STORET will be accessible to the public on the Internet in 1999.

EPA, other federal agencies, and state and local governments will draw on the data in STO RET in evaluating environmental conditions
and making planning decisions. Therefore, information entered into ST ORET by volunteer monitoring programs and watershed alliances
will be given new credibility as part of this national database.

To find out more about using STORET to manage your data, call 1-800-424-9067 or e-mail STORET@epa.gov. A user's guide is
included on the CD-Rom and EPA technical support is also available. Additional information can be found on the STORET Web Page
at www.epa.gov/owow/STORET.

United States

Environmental Protection Agency
(4501F)

Washington, DC 20460

Official Business
Penalty for Private Use
$300

First Class Mail
Postage and Fees Paid
EPA
G-35


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