United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA530-R-08-001 February 2008 National Priority Chemicals Trends Report (2001-2005) Section 4 Chemical Specific Trends Analyses for Priority Chemicals (2001-2005): Pentachlorophenol Hazardous Waste Minimization and Management Division Office of Solid Waste U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Contact Information: Bill Kline, Senior Data Analyst Analysis & Information Branch (540) 341-3631 kline.bill@epa.gov Tammie Owen, Data Analyst Analysis & Information Branch (703) 308-4044 owen.tammie@epa.gov Ben Lesser, Chief Analysis & Information Branch (703) 308-0314 lesser.ben@epa.gov ------- Pentachlorophenol Chemical Information: Alternate Names - 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorophenol General Uses - Pentachlorophenol was used as a biocide to kill small organisms and is now used as a wood preservative to protect wood from decay and insect attack. Potential Hazards - Pentachlorophenol is toxic; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact may cause severe injury or death. How Much Pentachlorophenol was Generated? Exhibit 4.140. National Generation of Pentachlorophenol (2001-2005 TRI Reporting Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total Quantity of Pentachlorophenol (pounds) 54,339 36,856 28,295 117,264 77,281 Number of TRI Facilities Reporting Pentachlorophenol 25 20 18 15 17 For 2005, 17 facilities reported approximately 77,300 pounds of pentachlorophenol, representing an increase of approximately 23,000 pounds, or 42 percent, compared to the total quantity of pentachlorophenol reported for 2001 (Exhibit 4.140). Exhibit 4.141. Distribution of Quantities for Facilities Reporting Pentachlorophenol (2005) Pentachlorophenol (77,281 pounds) Quantity Reported Number of Facilities Reporting This Quantity (2005) Percent of Total Quantity of Pentachlorophenol (2005) up to 10 pounds 0 0.0% between 11 -100 pounds 0 0.0% between 101 -1,000 pounds 8 4.8% between 1,001 - 10,000 pounds 6 16.7% between 10,001 - 100,000 pounds 3 78.5% between 100,001 - 1 million pounds 0 0.0% > 1 million pounds 0 0.0% Three of the 17 facilities reported approximately 79 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol for 2005 (Exhibit 4.141). 4-100 ------- ~ 3 largest facilities reporting pentachlorophenol • Other facilities reporting pentachlorophenol WASHINGTON NORTH DAKOTA EPA .Region MONTANA —"EPA^ Region i10 MINNESOTA ¦Ef [Region 5 AJMSCONSII ./new \ 11 *YORK S -^EPA 1 Region 2' EWJMMI 3HJI SOUTH DAKOTA EPA Region 8 [QNSIeCTICUT PENNSYLVANIA NEVADA IOWA NEBRASKA J Region 7 EPA Region 9 ¦LA WARE 'LAND OHIO COLORADO WEST fj VIRGINIA MISSOURI KANSAS KENTUCKY NORTH CAROLINA OKLAHOMA ARKANSAS ARIZONA EPA Region 4 NEW MEXICO SOUTH CAROLINA EPA Region 6 UNITED STATES TEXAS LOUISIANA Alaska •XI CO [FLORID/ I Puerto Rico Where Was Pentachlorophenol Generated? Exhibit 4.142. Location of Facilities that Reported Pentachlorophenol (2005) ,-A\ [Guam Facilities Reporting Pentachlorophenol (2005) Office of Solid Waste - Fall 2007 Analysis and Information Branch Pacific \ CALIFORNIA Ocean 17 Facilities Reporting Pentachlorophenol Atlantic Ocean For 2005, 17 facilities in 10 states reported pentachlorophenol (Exhibit 4.142). Exhibit 4.143. Quantity of Pentachlorophenol, by EPA Region and State (2001-2005) EPA Region State 2001 (pounds) 2002 (pounds) 2003 (pounds) 2004 (pounds) 2005 (pounds) Percent of Total Quantity of Pentachlorophenol (2005) 4 MS 6,753 18,505 10,861 55,776 31,620 40.9% 6 LA 33 59 1,335 1,500 18,720 24.2% 7 KS 0 0 0 0 14,309 18.5% 4 NC 1,430 1,011 1,157 813 3,651 4.7% 4 SC 13,025 5,511 6,186 43,660 3,112 4.0% 4 AL 3,229 2,900 924 1,017 1,842 2.4% 10 OR 1,624 542 1,827 2,171 1,579 2.0% 7 MO 637 726 1,459 9,015 1,393 1.8% 10 WA 851 0 0 0 534 0.7% 9 NV 445 1,099 955 607 521 0.7% Total 28,027 30,353 24,704 114,559 77,281 100.0% 4-101 ------- For 2005, facilities in three EPA regions: Regions 4, 6, and 7 reported approximately 97 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol (Exhibit 4.143). Since 2001, facilities in EPA Region 4 consistently reported most of the pentachlorophenol, including approximately 52 percent of the total quantity for 2005. For 2005, facilities in three states: Mississippi, Louisiana, and Kansas reported approximately 84 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol. A facility in Louisiana reported pentachlorophenol for the first time in 2005, accounting for approximately 91 percent of this PC in Louisiana. A facility in Kansas that shutdown its pentachlorophenol manufacturing process also reported this PC for the first time for 2005 and accounted for 100 percent of this PC in Kansas. Compared to the quantities reported for 2001, facilities in six states no longer reported pentachlorophenol for 2005. On the other hand, a facility in North Carolina reported an increase of approximately 2,800 pounds as a result of increased production and demand for wood poles. Also, a facility in South Carolina reported an increase of approximately 37,500 pounds for 2004 and a decrease of approximately 40,500 pounds for 2005. The facility attributes the fluctuations due to demand for pentachlorophenol treated wood and the use of a different technique for estimating the quantity of pentachlorophenol in the waste. Exhibit 4.144. Quantity of Pentachlorophenol, by State and County, for Facilities Reporting 95 Percent of the Total Quantity (2005) State County Quantity (pounds) of Pentachlorophenol Percent of Total National Quantity of Pentachlorophenol (2005) 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 MS Grenada 6,092 17,009 9,449 55,261 29,324 37.9% LA Iberville 0 0 0 0 17,000 22.0% KS Sedqwick 0 0 0 0 14,309 18.5% NC Brunswick 1,405 986 1,148 813 3,651 4.7% SC Florence 13,025 5,511 6,186 43,660 3,112 4.0% MS Kemper 653 1,476 1,390 495 1,938 2.5% LA Rapides 33 59 1,335 1,500 1,720 2.2% MO Jasper 637 726 1,459 9,015 1,393 1.8% OR Washington 0 0 1,307 1,155 1,090 1.4% Three facilities, one each in Grenada County, Mississippi, Iberville County, Louisiana, and Sedgwick County, Kansas reported approximately 79 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol for 2005 (Exhibit 4.144). 4-102 ------- Which Industries Generated Pentachlorophenol? Exhibit 4.145. Industry Sectors Quantities of Pentachlorophenol (2001-2005) Primary SIC Code SIC Description Number of Facilities Reporting Pentachlorophenol in This SIC code (2005) Quantity (pounds) of Pentachlorophenol Percent of Total Quantity of Pentachlorophenol (2005) 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2491 Wood preservinq 15 34,016 36,116 28,286 117,264 45,972 59.5% 2879 Pesticides and agricultural chemicals, nec 1 20,298 715 0 0 17,000 22.0% 2812 Alkalies and chlorine 1 0 0 0 0 14,309 18.5% Total 17 54,314 36,831 28,286 117,264 77,281 100.0% For 2005, facilities in three industry sectors (SIC codes) reported pentachlorophenol (Exhibit 4.145). Fifteen facilities in SIC 2491 (Wood preserving) reported approximately 60 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol for 2005; a facility in Mississippi reported approximately 64 percent of the total quantity within this industry sector. For 2004, this facility and a facility (same company) in South Carolina reported increases of approximately 46,000 pounds and 37,500 pounds, respectively - accounting for 94 percent of total increase for this industry sector. Two other facilities, one each in SIC 2879 (Pesticides and agricultural chemicals, nec) and SIC 2812 (Alkalies and chlorine), reported approximately 22 percent and 19 percent of the total quantity of pentachlorophenol, respectively. The SIC 2879 facility, located in Louisiana, reported pentachlorophenol for the first time for 2005, accounting for approximately 91 percent of this PC in Louisiana. This facility incinerates waste from other facilities within its company; quantities fluctuate from year to year. The SIC 2812 facility, located in Kansas, permanently shutdown and began to dismantle it. Contaminated debris containing pentachlorophenol was generated during the dismantling activities. 4-103 ------- How did facilities manage Pentachlorophenol? Exhibit 4.146. Trends in Management Methods for Pentachlorophenol (2001-2005) Management Method for Pentachlorophenol 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Disposal Quantity (pounds) 2,198 112 1,381 1,966 15,633 Energy Recovery Quantity (pounds) 5,017 4,319 2,153 37,625 8,757 Treatment Quantity (pounds) 47,123 32,425 24,761 77,673 52,891 Recycled (pounds)26 3,160 3,261 54 72 2,090,081 Exhibit 4.146 shows the national trends for how facilities managed pentachlorophenol in 2001-2005. Disposal: From 2001 to 2004, facilities disposed of relatively small quantities of pentachlorophenol. However, in 2005, the quantity increased significantly due to the offsite disposal of contaminated debris (containing pentachlorophenol) that was generated by the dismantling activities at a facility being shutdown. Energy Recovery: From 2001 to 2003, facilities used energy recovery for relatively small quantities of pentachlorophenol. In 2004, the quantity increased significantly by approximately 35,500 pounds. Two facilities (same company) reported approximately 79 percent of this increase. Treatment: Since 2001, facilities used treatment as the primary non-recycling method to manage pentachlorophenol. For 2004, two facilities (same company) primarily accounted for the increase, reporting an increase of approximately 71,000 pounds of treated pentachlorophenol. Recycling: For 2001 to 2004, facilities reported recycling only relatively small quantities of pentachlorophenol. For 2005, two facilities (same company) reported recycling increases of 1.2 million pounds and 890,000 pounds. However, these facilities noted uncertainty whether the quantities they reported as onsite recycling should indeed be considered recycling and might therefore be in error. 26 For additional information on recycled quantities see footnote 8. 4-104 ------- Exhibit 4.147. Management Methods for Pentachlorophenol in Industry Sectors (2005) Primary SIC Code SIC Code Description Onsite Disposal (pounds) Offsite Disposal (pounds) Onsite Energy Recovery (pounds) Offsite Energy Recovery (pounds) Onsite T reatment (pounds) Offsite T reatment (pounds) Onsite Recycling (pounds) Offsite Recycling (pounds) 2491 Wood preserving 0 1,324 0 8,757 3,371 32,520 2,090,016 65 2812 Alkalies and chlorine 14,309 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2879 Pesticides and agricultural chemicals, nec 0 0 0 0 17,000 0 0 0 Total 14,309 1,324 0 8,757 20,371 32,520 2,090,016 65 Exhibit 4.147 shows how facilities, by SIC code, managed pentachlorophenol in 2005. For non-recycled quantities, most facilities in SIC 2491 (Wood preserving) primarily treated pentachlorophenol offsite. One Louisiana facility in this industry sector primarily used offsite disposal. One facility in SIC 2812 (Alkalies and chlorine) used offsite disposal for 100 percent of its pentachlorophenol. This facility, located in Kansas, disposed of contaminated debris (containing pentachlorophenol) that was generated by dismantling activities during shutdown of the facility. One facility in SIC 2879 (Pesticides and agricultural chemicals, nec) reported pentachlorophenol for the first time in 2005 and treated the entire quantity on site. 4-105 ------- |