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WRAP QUARTERLY UPDATE
October-December 2022

A Message from Rod Snyder, EPA Senior Advisor for Agriculture to the Administrator
In November, I was pleased to join a U.S. delegation to Israel to learn first-hand about the country's
global leadership on water reuse policies, technologies, and research. Nearly 90 percent of Israel's
wastewater is treated and reused for agricultural irrigation, especially for high-value crops. The study
tour of Israel was just the beginning of EPA exploring future knowledge sharing opportunities between
agricultural and water sector leaders in the United States to improve our understanding and
acceptance of the benefits of water reuse. Additionally, the EPA Water Reuse Program and partner
organizations are now working to reduce barriers to water reuse for agricultural purposes, both in the
Office of Water's Climate Adaptation Implementation Plan (Priority Action 1.C.2) and in the National
Water Reuse Action Plan (Action 1.6).

Immediately following the water reuse mission to Israel, EPA Administrator Michael Regan joined
Israel's Environment Minister Tamar Zandberg at COP 27 in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, to discuss water
reuse as an important climate adaptation strategy. During the session. Administrator Regan
communicated EPA's commitment to international collaboration, including the development of tools
and partnerships, as part of the WRAP.

Lastly, Administrator Regan issued a new charge to EPA's Farm, Ranch, and Rural Communities Federal
Advisory Committee (FRRCC) in 2022 focused on how the Agency can help advance climate mitigation
and adaptation goals for U.S. agriculture. The committee met in January in Washington, D.C., and
received updates on a variety of climate policies and programs, including the benefits of water reuse
for farmers in regions experiencing frequent or prolonged drought. FRRCC meeting materials and
related information are available here.

Abbreviations are defined at the end of this document. See the Online Platform for more information about
each action.

New WRAP Actions

WRAP actions seek to advance water reuse planning and
implementation across the country. Actions are organized by strategic
theme to help focus efforts and inspire future action. We are pleased
to announce that the following new actions are now underway.

Please email the action leaders, using contact information found in
the Online Platform, to get involved or provide input!

IN CASE YOU MISSED IT

WRAP email updates highlight
relevant water reuse activities and
events. Monthly updates from this
past quarter are available online:

•	October update

•	November update

•	December update

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Policy
Coordination

Advance Strategies for Permitting Innovative Wastewater Management Practices and Water
Reuse Through the NPDES Program (Action 2.19, led by EPA, University of California,
Berkeley, and Stanford University)

Brief description and strategic theme tie-in: Permitting processes are critical in shaping how
wastewater management projects may be designed and implemented to address various
climate problems, such as drought. Fully understanding these permitting processes and
available flexibilities may positively influence a water manager's interest in pursuing water
reuse and other innovative technologies and practices. This action builds on previous research
and aims to refine, communicate, and disseminate information on the role of permitting
processes in promoting innovative wastewater treatment and management. The action team
plans to hold an expert workshop to create the foundation for a potential future permit writer
training to encourage the adoption of innovative technologies and management practices.

Evaluate the Potential of Urban Stormwater Capture and Use in Colorado (Action 5.8, led by
Pacific Institute)

Brief description and strategic theme tie-in: With the ongoing drought putting increased
pressure on already stressed water supplies, communities in Colorado are interested in
evaluating stormwater as an additional water source. However, more information is needed
on the volumetric potential of stormwater to contribute to water supplies, as well as legal
limitations due to state water-rights laws. The action team plans to create a report to
establish the baseline understanding of the untapped volumetric potential for urban SCU to
help resolve the existing water supply demand gap in Colorado, as well as to identify and
monetize the co-benefits of SCU, such as mitigating flood risk and reducing water quality
impairments. Through the measurement and monetization of urban SCU in the context of the
existing Colorado water law, the action should illustrate how this strategy can be adapted and
scaled in states with a similarly constrained water rights framework.



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1 EPA Water Reuse Program

'BYTHE NUMBERS



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National Water Reuse Action Plan

140

Action Leader and Partner
Organizations

100

Resources Developed

EPA Funding Reuse

$1.5
Million

$1.2
Billion

Small Business
Innovation Grants

WIFIA and SRF
Infrastructure Investments

$15 7	Research Grants

Million J (STAR and National Priorities)

1		

Updated 1/20/23; Numbers since WRAP launch in 2020

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Completed WRAP Actions

Two WRAP actions were completed this quarter, demonstrating productivity and progress under the strategic
themes for Policy Coordination and Science and Specifications. The completed WRAP action summaries were
developed with action leaders and highlight impacts, lessons learned, and potential future activities.

Support Local and Regional Reuse Projects by Identifying Challenges. Opportunities, and
Models for Interagency Collaboration

(Action 2.16. led by Eric Rosenblum, WateReuse, and EPA in collaboration with four partners)
Successful wastewater reuse and SCU projects bring together multiple stakeholders-
communities, wastewater agencies, municipal stormwater programs, and drinking water
agencies—that often have single-purpose mandates and limited ability to pursue integrated
water management strategies. They may also involve several jurisdictions within regions and
watersheds. This action was initiated to support the development of multi-agency water
reuse programs by identifying challenges, opportunities, and models for improved
interagency collaboration. The final report. Multi-Agency Water Reuse Programs: Lessons for
Successful Collaboration, is designed to help agency managers respond to the pressures of
population growth, resource depletion, and climate change by working together to develop
water reuse programs. Drawing on an extensive literature review and detailed case studies,
the report identifies common legal, financial, regulatory, and organizational challenges and
provides examples of how utilties can work together to build successful reuse programs. The
case studies also highlight the role of agency leaders in cultivating support for regional
programs and the importance of communication in maintaining effective partnerships. The
action team members have presented their findings at a number of professional conferences,
including webinars and panel discussions at UNESCO (2020 and 2021), the WateReuse
Symposium (2021, 2022), a poster presentation at Singapore International Water Week
(2021), and a workshop on "Collaborative Art: Working Beyond Borders to Solve Systems-
Based Problems" at the IWA World Water Congress (2022).

Convene Experts to Address Opportunities and Challenges Related to Urban SCU

(Action 3.3, led by EPA, JFW, NMSA, ReNUWIt, WateReuse, and WEF in collaboration with
two partners)

In September 2021, experts from across the country convened at the Johnson Foundation at
Wingspread to identify key activities needed to advance SCU nationwide. Together, they
found the need to build trust and understanding through partnerships; expand funding
mechanisms; clarify regulations, policy, and guidance; advance science and treatment
standards; and accelerate the use of new technologies and SCU strategies as key mechanisms
for advancing SCU. These findings can be found in a convening report, which was published in
March 2022. EPA's Office of Water partners are working to enhance collaboration and build
institutional capacity for SCU, and two infographics will be released in 2023 based on this
collaboration.

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This Quarter's WRAP Action Outputs and Activities

Visit the Water Reuse Information Libran for a robust set of WRAP outputs and other water reuse resources.

Policy

•	U.S.-Based Water Reuse Delegation to Israel. More
than 40 representatives from the U.S. water sector,
including utilities, industry, states, and the federal
government, traveled to Israel this fall as part of a
science, technology, and policy informational
exchange focused on water reuse practices. The group
visited several reuse facilities, including the Sorek
water desalination plant, one of the world's largest
reverse osmosis desalination facilities, and the Emek
Hefer Water Reclamation Project, which supplies
treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation. They
also learned how Israel mitigates potential long-term
impacts of water reuse on crop and soil quality. U.S.
and Israeli water sector leaders reflected on Israel's approach to water reuse and discussed reuse
strategies for U.S. communities in a webinar. A summary report of key takeaways from the trip is
anticipated for release in winter 2023. (Action 11.1: Facilitate U.S.-Israel Collaboration on Water Reuse)

•	TreWAG Agricultural Reuse Conference in Israel. Technical and research experts convened in Kibbutz
Hagoshrim, Israel, in October for the TreWAG "Understanding and Mitigating Effects of Treated
Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture: From Risks to Policy and New Opportunities" conference hosted by the
Volcani Institute. Action leaders co-hosted the event, which focused on understanding and mitigating
effects and risks of using treated wastewater reuse in agriculture and new opportunities for expanding
agricultural reuse. A collaborative white paper based on the technical round table discussions is
forthcoming. (Action 1.6: Address Barriers to Water Reuse in Agriculture)

Technical

•	New Reuse Applications Included in the REUSExplorer. The REUSExplorer is searchable by state, source of
water, and end-use application. The following end-uses were recently added to the REUSExplorer:

o Water reuse for environmental restoration,
o Water reuse for impoundments.

The tool already included information on potable water reuse, onsite non-potable reuse, centralized non-
potable reuse, water reuse for agriculture, water reuse for consumption by livestock, and water reuse for
landscaping applications. (Action 3.1: Compile Existing Fit-for-Purpose Specifications)

•	Characterization of Roof Runoff Microbial Quality in Four U.S. Cities with Varying Climate and Land Use
Characteristics. Roof runoff could be an important local water source in regions with growing populations
and limited water supply. However, there is little guidance on how to use it safely—and, therefore, a need
for research to characterize its microbial quality. This two-year research effort examined roof runoff
microbial quality in four U.S. cities: Fort Collins, Colorado; Tucson, Arizona; Baltimore, Maryland; and
Miami, Florida. It produced the largest-scale dataset to date of enteric pathogens in U.S. roof runoff
collections and will inform treatment targets for different non-potable applications. (Action 3.4: Develop
Research and Tools to Support ONWS)

Financial

•	EPA Awards Research Funding to 25 Small Businesses to Develop Environmental Technologies. At the
end of December, EPA announced nearly $2.5 million in research funding for 25 small businesses to
develop technologies that address some of the country's most pressing environmental problems. The
funded work included two reuse projects:

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o J-Tech LLC (Lakewood, Colorado) was funded to develop a septic tank technology that enables low-

cost, sustainable disinfection of wastewater for onsite non-potable reuse,
o LeapFrog Design (Bend, Oregon) was funded to develop a modular ecological water treatment system
for onsite capture and non-potable reuse from single-family residences.

These awards are part of EPA's SBIR program, which runs an annual, two-phase competition for funding.
Awardees are receiving up to $100,000 in Phase I funding for six months for "proof of concept" of their
proposed technologies. (Completed Action 7.5: Coordinate and Promote Water Reuse Technology in
Federal SBIR Programs)

•	Reclamation Releases Funding Opportunity for Development of Water Reuse and Desalination Projects.

Reclamation is providing funding assistance for the preparation of feasibility studies and planning activities
for potential new Title XVI Water Reclamation and Reuse projects, desalination construction projects, and
large-scale water recycling projects. Funding will be provided under two groups:

o Up to $1 million in federal funding for projects with an anticipated cost of less than $500 million,
o Up to $5 million in federal funding for projects with an anticipated cost of more than $500 million.

Learn more here. Applications are due on February 28, 2023.

•	DOE Announces $23 Million in Research and Development Funding to Support Decarbonizing the
Nation's Water Treatment Sector. This FOA intended to drive innovation to decarbonize the entire life
cycle of WRRFs. These facilities, which treat wastewater from public water systems, are among the
country's largest industrial electricity users. Their full lifecycle GHG emissions are on par with direct
emissions from the food and beverage industry—one of the largest GHG-emitting industries in the United
States. The concept paper submission deadline is January 27, 2023, and the full application submission
deadline is April 3, 2023.

•	DOE Announces Project Selections to Build Water Security and Climate Resilience. DOE, in partnership
with the NAWI Hub, announced the selection of seven projects that will advance NAWI's strategic goals of
improving the energy efficiency of water treatment technologies and the diversification of water supply
through the cost-effective utilization of non-traditional water sources across the United States. Selected
projects included a reuse project titled "Data-Driven Fault Detection and Process Control for Potable Reuse
with Reverse Osmosis." Led by Carollo, the project seeks to lower the cost of reverse-osmosis-based
advanced treatment systems by improving existing technologies to make treatment of non-traditional
waters competitive with conventional water sources. (Action 4.6: Implement and Manage the NAWI
Energy-Water Desalination Hub)

•	FEMA Offers Opportunities for Technical Assistance and Hazard Mitigation Funding. FEMA's competitive
mitigation grant programs provide states, local communities, tribes, and territories funding to address
future risks from natural disasters—such as wildfires, drought, hurricanes, earthquakes, and increased
flooding—to foster greater community resilience and reduce disaster suffering. The BRIC program funds
natural hazard mitigation projects, which can include water reuse projects that mitigate drought. FEMA
and EPA are collaborating in the WRAP to better integrate water reuse into their funding programs. FEMA
is offering direct technical assistance to all communities that may not have the resources to begin climate
resilience planning and project solution design on their own. Grant applications are accepted through
January 27, 2023. (Action 2.14: Integrate Water Reuse into FEMA Hazard Mitigation Programs)

We welcome federal, state, triballocal, and water sector partners to propose actions to advance water reuse.
Ideas for new actions may be sent to waterreuse@epa.gov. For information about how to propose, lead, or
collaborate on a WRAP action, visit this webpage.

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Abbreviations Used in This Document

BRIC

Building Resilient Infrastructure and

NPDES

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System



Communities

ONWS

onsite non-potable water systems

COP

Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework

Reclamation

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

DOE

Convention on Climate Change

ReNUWIt

Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water

U.S. Department of Energy



Infrastructure

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

REUSExplorer Regulations and End-Use Specifications Explorer

FEMA

Federal Emergency Management Agency

SBIR

Small Business Innovation Research

FOA

Funding Opportunity Announcement

SRF

State Revolving Fund

FRRCC

Farm, Ranch, and Rural Communities Federal

SCU

stormwater capture and use



Advisory Committee

UNESCO

UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural

GHG

greenhouse gas



Organization

JFW

Johnson Foundation at Wingspread

WEF

Water Environment Federation

IWA

International Water Association

WIFIA

Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act

NAWI

National Alliance for Water Innovation

WRRF

Water Resource Recovery Facility

NMSA

National Municipal Stormwater Alliance





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