¦I SEFft CENTER FOR CORPORATE CLIMATE LEADERSHIP U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Supporting organizations in GHG measurement and management • www.epa.gov/climateleadership Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 9 March 2018 Red text indicates an update from the 2015 version of this document. Typically, greenhouse gas emissions are reported in units of carbon dioxide equivalent (C02e). Gases are converted to C02e by multiplying by their global warming potential (GWP). The emission factors listed in this document Gas 100-Year GWP ch4 25 n2o 298 Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Fourth Assessment Table 1 Stationary Combustion Fuel Type Heat Content (HHV) C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor mmBtu per short ton kg C02 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N20 per mmBtu kg C02 per short ton g CH4 per short ton g N20 per short ton Coal and Coke Anthracite Coal 25.09 103.69 11 1.6 2,602 276 40 Bituminous Coal 24.93 93.28 11 1.6 2,325 274 40 Sub-bituminous Coal 17.25 97.17 11 1.6 1,676 190 28 Lignite Coal 14.21 97.72 11 1.6 1,389 156 23 Mixed (Commercial Sector) 21.39 94.27 11 1.6 2,016 235 34 Mixed (Electric Power Sector) 19.73 95.52 11 1.6 1,885 217 32 Mixed (Industrial Coking) 26.28 93.90 11 1.6 2,468 289 42 Mixed (Industrial Sector) 22.35 94.67 11 1.6 2,116 246 36 Coal Coke 24.80 113.67 11 1.6 2,819 273 40 Other Fuels - Solid Municipal Solid Waste 9.95 90.70 32 4.2 902 318 42 Petroleum Coke (Solid) 30.00 102.41 32 4.2 3,072 960 126 Plastics 38.00 75.00 32 4.2 2,850 1,216 160 Tires 28.00 85.97 32 4.2 2,407 896 118 Biomass Fuels - Solid Agricultural Byproducts 8.25 118.17 32 4.2 975 264 35 Peat 8.00 111.84 32 4.2 895 256 34 Solid Byproducts 10.39 105.51 32 4.2 1,096 332 44 Wood and Wood Residuals 17.48 93.80 7.2 3.6 1,640 126 63 mmBtu per scf kg C02 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N20 per mmBtu kg C02 per scf g CH4 per scf g N20 per scf Natural Gas Natural Gas 0.001026 53.06 1.0 0.10 0.05444 0.00103 0.00010 Other Fuels - Gaseous Blast Furnace Gas 0.000092 274.32 0.022 0.10 0.02524 0.000002 0.000009 Coke Oven Gas 0.000599 46.85 0.48 0.10 0.02806 0.000288 0.000060 Fuel Gas 0.001388 59.00 3.0 0.60 0.08189 0.004164 0.000833 Propane Gas 0.002516 61.46 3.0 0.60 0.15463 0.007548 0.001510 Biomass Fuels - Gaseous Landfill Gas 0.000485 52.07 3.2 0.63 0.025254 0.001552 0.000306 Other Biomass Gases 0.000655 52.07 3.2 0.63 0.034106 0.002096 0.000413 mmBtu per gallon kg C02 per mmBtu g CH4 per mmBtu g N20 per mmBtu kg C02 per gallon g CH4 per gallon g N20 per gallon Petroleum Products Asphalt and Road Oil 0.158 75.36 3.0 0.60 11.91 0.47 0.09 Aviation Gasoline 0.120 69.25 3.0 0.60 8.31 0.36 0.07 Butane 0.103 64.77 3.0 0.60 6.67 0.31 0.06 Butylene 0.105 68.72 3.0 0.60 7.22 0.32 0.06 Crude Oil 0.138 74.54 3.0 0.60 10.29 0.41 0.08 Distillate Fuel Oil No. 1 0.139 73.25 3.0 0.60 10.18 0.42 0.08 Distillate Fuel Oil No. 2 0.138 73.96 3.0 0.60 10.21 0.41 0.08 Distillate Fuel Oil No. 4 0.146 75.04 3.0 0.60 10.96 0.44 0.09 Ethane 0.068 59.60 3.0 0.60 4.05 0.20 0.04 Ethylene 0.058 65.96 3.0 0.60 3.83 0.17 0.03 Heavy Gas Oils 0.148 74.92 3.0 0.60 11.09 0.44 0.09 Isobutane 0.099 64.94 3.0 0.60 6.43 0.30 0.06 Isobutylene 0.103 68.86 3.0 0.60 7.09 0.31 0.06 Kerosene 0.135 75.20 3.0 0.60 10.15 0.41 0.08 Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 0.135 72.22 3.0 0.60 9.75 0.41 0.08 Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) 0.092 61.71 3.0 0.60 5.68 0.28 0.06 Lubricants 0.144 74.27 3.0 0.60 10.69 0.43 0.09 Motor Gasoline 0.125 70.22 3.0 0.60 8.78 0.38 0.08 Naphtha (<401 deg F) 0.125 68.02 3.0 0.60 8.50 0.38 0.08 Natural Gasoline 0.110 66.88 3.0 0.60 7.36 0.33 0.07 Other Oil (>401 deg F) 0.139 76.22 3.0 0.60 10.59 0.42 0.08 Pentanes Plus 0.110 70.02 3.0 0.60 7.70 0.33 0.07 Petrochemical Feedstocks 0.125 71.02 3.0 0.60 8.88 0.38 0.08 Petroleum Coke 0.143 102.41 3.0 0.60 14.64 0.43 0.09 Propane 0.091 62.87 3.0 0.60 5.72 0.27 0.05 Propylene 0.091 67.77 3.0 0.60 6.17 0.27 0.05 Residual Fuel Oil No. 5 0.140 72.93 3.0 0.60 10.21 0.42 0.08 Residual Fuel Oil No. 6 0.150 75.10 3.0 0.60 11.27 0.45 0.09 Special Naphtha 0.125 72.34 3.0 0.60 9.04 0.38 0.08 Unfinished Oils 0.139 74.54 3.0 0.60 10.36 0.42 0.08 Used Oil 0.138 74.00 3.0 0.60 10.21 0.41 0.08 Biomass Fuels - Liquid Biodiesel (100%) 0.128 73.84 1.1 0.11 9.45 0.14 0.01 Ethanol (100%) 0.084 68.44 1.1 0.11 5.75 0.09 0.01 Rendered Animal Fat 0.125 71.06 1.1 0.11 8.88 0.14 0.01 Vegetable Oil 0.120 81.55 1.1 0.11 9.79 0.13 0.01 Biomass Fuels - Kraft Pulping Liquor, by Wood Furnish North American Softwood 94.4 1.9 0.42 North American Hardwood 93.7 1.9 0.42 Bagasse 95.5 1.9 0.42 Bamboo 93.7 1.9 0.42 Straw 95.1 1.9 0.42 Source: Federal Register EPA; 40 CFR Part 98; e-CFR, June 13, 2017 (see link below). Table C-1, Table C-2, https://www.ecfr. qov/cqi-bin/text-idx?SID=ae265d7d6f98ec86fcd8640b9793a3f6&mc=true&node=pt40 Table AA-1. .23.98&rqn=div5#ap40.23.98 19.1 Note: Emission factors are per unit of heat content using higher heating values (HHV). If heat content is available from the fuel supplier, it is preferable to use that value. If not, default heat contents are provided. ------- Red text indicates an update from the 2015 version of this document. Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 9 March 2018 Table 2 Mobile Combustion CO? Fuel Type kg C02 per unit Unit Aviation Gasoline 8.31 gallon Biodiesel (100%) 9.45 gallon Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) 0.05444 scf Diesel Fuel 10.21 gallon Ethanol (100%) 5.75 gallon Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 9.75 gallon Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) 4.50 gallon Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) 5.68 gallon Motor Gasoline 8.78 gallon Residual Fuel Oil 11.27 gallon Source: Federal Register EPA; 40 CFR Part 98; e-CFR, June 13, 2017 (see link below). Table C-1, Table C-2, Table AA-1. https://www.ecfr.qov/cqi-bin/text-idx?SID=ae265d7d6f98ec86fcd8640b9793a3f6&mc=true&node=pt40.23.98&rqn=div5#ap40.23.98 19.1 LNG: The factor was developed based on the C02 factor for Natural Gas factor and LNG fuel density from GREET1_2017.xlsx Model, Argonne National Laboratory. This represents a methodology change from previous versions. Table 3 Mobile Combustion CH4 and N20 for On-Road Gasoline Vehicles Vehicle Type Year CH4 Factor (g / mile) N20 Factor (g / mile) Gasoline Passenger Cars 1973-74 0.1696 0.0197 1975 0.1423 0.0443 1976-77 0.1406 0.0458 1978-79 0.1389 0.0473 1980 0.1326 0.0499 1981 0.0802 0.0626 1982 0.0795 0.0627 1983 0.0782 0.0630 1984-93 0.0704 0.0647 1994 0.0531 0.0560 1995 0.0358 0.0473 1996 0.0272 0.0426 1997 0.0268 0.0422 1998 0.0241 0.0379 1999 0.0216 0.0337 2000 0.0178 0.0273 2001 0.0110 0.0158 2002 0.0107 0.0153 2003 0.0115 0.0133 2004 0.0157 0.0063 2005 0.0164 0.0051 2006 0.0161 0.0057 2007 0.0170 0.0041 2008 0.0172 0.0038 2009-present 0.0173 0.0036 Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks 1973-74 0.1908 0.0218 (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) 1975 0.1634 0.0513 1976 0.1594 0.0555 1977-78 0.1614 0.0534 1979-80 0.1594 0.0555 1981 0.1479 0.0660 1982 0.1442 0.0681 1983 0.1368 0.0722 1984 0.1294 0.0764 1985 0.1220 0.0806 1986 0.1146 0.0848 1987-93 0.0813 0.1035 1994 0.0646 0.0982 1995 0.0517 0.0908 1996 0.0452 0.0871 1997 0.0452 0.0871 1998 0.0412 0.0778 1999 0.0333 0.0593 2000 0.0340 0.0607 2001 0.0221 0.0328 2002 0.0242 0.0378 2003 0.0225 0.0330 2004 0.0162 0.0098 2005 0.0160 0.0081 2006 0.0159 0.0088 2007 0.0161 0.0079 2008-present 0.0163 0.0066 Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles <1981 0.4604 0.0497 1982-84 0.4492 0.0538 1985-86 0.4090 0.0515 1987 0.3675 0.0849 1988-1989 0.3492 0.0933 1990-1995 0.3246 0.1142 1996 0.1278 0.1680 1997 0.0924 0.1726 1998 0.0655 0.1750 1999 0.0648 0.1721 2000 0.0630 0.1650 2001 0.0578 0.1435 2002 0.0634 0.1664 2003 0.0603 0.1534 2004 0.0323 0.0195 2005 0.0329 0.0162 2006 0.0318 0.0227 2007 0.0333 0.0134 2008-present 0.0333 0.0134 Gasoline Motorcycles 1960-1995 0.0899 0.0087 1996-present 0.0672 0.0069 Source: EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Tables A-104 through A-110. Page 2 of 5 ------- Red text indicates an update from the 2015 version of this document. Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 9 March 2018 Table 4 Mobile Combustion CH4 and N20 for On-Road Diesel and Alternative Fuel Vehicles Vehicle Type Vehicle Year CH4 Factor (g / mile) N20 Factor (g / mile) Diesel Passenger Cars 1960-1982 0.0006 0.0012 1983-1995 0.0005 0.0010 1996-present 0.0005 0.0010 Diesel Light-Duty Trucks 1960-1982 0.0011 0.0017 1983-1995 0.0009 0.0014 1996-present 0.0010 0.0015 Diesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 1960-present 0.0051 0.0048 CNG Light-Duty Vehicles 0.737 0.050 CNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 1.966 0.175 CNG Buses 1.966 0.175 LPG Light-Duty Vehicles 0.037 0.067 LPG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 0.066 0.175 LNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 1.966 0.175 Ethanol Light-Duty Vehicles 0.055 0.067 Ethanol Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 0.197 0.175 Ethanol Buses 0.197 0.175 Biodiesel Light-Duty Vehicles 0.0005 0.001 Biodiesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles 0.005 0.005 Biodiesel Buses 0.005 0.005 Source: EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Tables A-104 through A-110. Table 5 Mobile Combustion Cl-L and N,0 for Non-Road Vehicles Vehicle Type CH4 Factor (g / gallon) N20 Factor (g / gallon) Residual Fuel Oil Ships and Boats 0.11 0.57 Gasoline Ships and Boats 0.64 0.22 Diesel Ships and Boats 0.06 0.45 Diesel Locomotives 0.80 0.26 Gasoline Agricultural Equip. 1.26 0.22 Diesel Agricultural Equip. 1.44 0.26 Gasoline Construction Equip. 0.50 0.22 Diesel Construction Equip. 0.57 0.26 Jet Fuel Aircraft 0.00 0.30 Aviation Gasoline Aircraft 7.06 0.11 Other Gasoline Non-Road Vehicles 0.50 0.22 Other Diesel Non-Road Vehicles 0.57 0.26 LPG Non-Road Vehicles 0.50 0.22 Biodiesel Non-Road Vehicles 0.57 0.26 Source: EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Table A-110. Note: LPG non-road vehicles assumed equal to other gasoline sources. Biodiesel vehicles assumed equal to other diesel sources. Table 6 Electricity Total Output Emission Factors Non-Baseload Emission Factors eGRID Subregion C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor C02 Factor CH4 Factor N20 Factor (Ib/MWh) (Ib/MWh) (Ib/MWh) (Ib/MWh) (lb / MWh) (Ib/MWh) AKGD (ASCC Alaska Grid) 1,072.3 0.077 0.011 1,367.8 0.110 0.016 AKMS (ASCC Miscellaneous) 503.1 0.023 0.004 1,533.8 0.068 0.012 AZNM (WECC Southwest) 1,043.6 0.079 0.012 1,384.8 0.097 0.014 CAMX (WECC California) 527.9 0.033 0.004 942.9 0.045 0.006 ERCT (ERCOT All) 1,009.2 0.076 0.011 1,402.8 0.108 0.015 FRCC (FRCC All) 1,011.7 0.075 0.010 1,188.5 0.078 0.011 HIMS (HICC Miscellaneous) 1,152.0 0.095 0.015 1,530.0 0.147 0.023 HIOA (HICC Oahu) 1,662.9 0.181 0.028 1,637.5 0.153 0.024 MROE (MRO East) 1,668.2 0.156 0.026 1,740.1 0.156 0.025 MROW (MRO West) 1,238.8 0.115 0.020 1,822.0 0.154 0.029 NEWE (NPCC New England) 558.2 0.090 0.012 975.1 0.086 0.011 NWPP (WECC Northwest) 651.2 0.061 0.009 1,524.9 0.124 0.020 NYCW (NPCC NYC/Westchester) 635.8 0.022 0.003 1,061.7 0.022 0.002 NYLI (NPCC Long Island) 1,178.3 0.126 0.016 1,338.8 0.036 0.004 NYUP (NPCC Upstate NY) 294.7 0.021 0.003 1,018.2 0.061 0.008 RFCE (RFC East) 758.2 0.050 0.009 1,434.4 0.079 0.017 RFCM (RFC Michigan) 1,272.0 0.067 0.018 1,806.1 0.101 0.025 RFCW (RFC West) 1,243.4 0.108 0.019 1,934.4 0.172 0.029 RMPA (WECC Rockies) 1,367.8 0.137 0.020 1,688.3 0.147 0.021 SPNO (SPP North) 1,412.4 0.149 0.022 1,990.8 0.202 0.029 SPSO (SPP South) 1,248.3 0.095 0.015 1,662.5 0.121 0.019 SRMV (SERC Mississippi Valley) 838.9 0.050 0.007 1,186.0 0.071 0.010 SRMW (SERC Midwest) 1,612.6 0.082 0.026 1,955.2 0.084 0.031 SRSO (SERC South) 1,089.4 0.087 0.013 1,453.5 0.115 0.017 SRTV (SERC Tennessee Valley) 1,185.4 0.093 0.017 1,757.4 0.135 0.025 SRVC (SERC Virginia/Carolina) 805.3 0.067 0.011 1,422.2 0.111 0.019 US Average 998.4 0.080 0.013 1,501.0 0.111 0.018 Source: EPA eGRID2016, February 2018 Note: Total output emission factors can be used as default factors for estimating GHG emissions from electricity use when developing a carbon footprint or emissions inventory. Annual non-baseload output emission factors should not be used for those purposes, but can be used to estimate GHG emissions reductions from reductions in electricity use. Map of eGRID Subregions NEWE MROE NWPP NYUP MROWJ RFCM -NYU IYCW RFCW RMPA camx SPNO SRMW SRTV SRVC SRMV AZNM AKMS HIOA Os. USEPA, eGRID: Februaty 2018 Crosshatching indicates that an area falls within overlapping eGRID subregions due to the presence of multiple electric service providers. Visit Power Profiler to definitive^ determine Page 3 of 5 ------- Red text indicates an update from the 2015 version of this document. Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 9 March 2018 HIMS \ > the eGRID subregion associated with your location and electric service provider, http ://www. epa.gov/energy/power-profiler Table 7 Steam and Heat C02 Factor (kg / mmBtu) CH4 Factor (g / mmBtu) N20 Factor (g / mmBtu) Steam and Heat 66.33 1.250 0.125 Note: Emission factors are per mmBtu of steam or heat purchased. These factors assume natural gas fuel is used to generate steam or heat at 80 percent thermal efficiency. Table 8 Business Travel and Employee Commuting Vehicle Type C02 Factor (kg / unit) CH4 Factor (g / unit) N20 Factor (g / unit) Units Passenger CarA 0.343 0.019 0.011 vehicle-mile Light-Duty Truck B 0.472 0.019 0.018 vehicle-mile Motorcycle 0.189 0.070 0.007 vehicle-mile Intercity Rail (i.e. Amtrak)c 0.140 0.0087 0.0031 passenger-mile Commuter RailD 0.161 0.0081 0.0032 passenger-mile Transit Rail (i.e. Subway, Tram)E 0.119 0.0025 0.0017 passenger-mile Bus 0.056 0.0013 0.0009 passenger-mile Air Travel - Short Haul (< 300 miles) 0.225 0.0039 0.0072 passenger-mile Air Travel - Medium Haul (>= 300 miles, < 2300 miles) 0.136 0.0006 0.0043 passenger-mile Air Travel - Long Haul (>= 2300 miles) 0.166 0.0006 0.0053 passenger-mile Source: C02, CH4, and N20 emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017. Notes: A Passenger car: includes passenger cars, minivans, SUVs, and small pickup trucks (vehicles with wheelbase less than 121 inches). B Light-duty truck: includes full-size pickup trucks, full-size vans, and extended-length SUVs (vehicles with wheelbase greater than 121 inches). ' Intercity rail: long-distance rail between major cities, such as Amtrak ' Commuter rail: rail service between a central city and adjacent suburbs (also called regional rail or suburban rail) Transit rail: rail typically within an urban center, such as subways, elevated railways, metropolitan railways (metro), streetcars, trolley cars, and tramways. Table 9 Upstream Transportation and Distribution and Downstream Transportation and Distribution Vehicle Type C02 Factor (kg / unit) CH4 Factor (g / unit) N20 Factor (g / unit) Units Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck 1.467 0.014 0.010 vehicle-mile Passenger CarA 0.343 0.019 0.011 vehicle-mile Light-Duty Truck B 0.472 0.019 0.018 vehicle-mile Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck0 0.202 0.0020 0.0015 ton-mile Rail 0.023 0.0018 0.0006 ton-mile Waterborne Craft 0.059 0.0005 0.0040 ton-mile Aircraft 1.308 0.0000 0.0402 ton-mile Source: C02, CH4, and N20 emissions data for road vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015 (April 15, 2017). Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for road vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. C02e emissions data for non-road vehicles are based on Table A-117 of the U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015, which are distributed into C02, CH4, and N20 emissions based on fuel/vehicle emission factors. Freight ton-mile data for non- road vehicles are from Table 1-50 of the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics for 2015 (Data based on 2014). Notes: Vehicle-mile factors are appropriate to use when the entire vehicle is dedicated to transporting the reporting organization's product. Ton-mile factors are appropriate when the vehicle is shared with products from other organizations. A Passenger car: includes passenger cars, minivans, SUVs, and small pickup trucks (vehicles with wheelbase less than 121 inches). B Light-duty truck: includes full-size pickup trucks, full-size vans, and extended-length SUVs (vehicles with wheelbase greater than 121 inches). c Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck: updates due to a methodology change. Page 4 of 5 ------- Red text indicates an update from the 2015 version of this document. Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories Last Modified: 9 March 2018 Table 10a Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) Gas 100-Year GWP co2 1 ch4 25 n2o 298 HFC-23 14,800 HFC-32 675 HFC-41 92 HFC-125 3,500 HFC-134 1,100 HFC-134a 1,430 HFC-143 353 HFC-143a 4,470 HFC-152 53 HFC-152a 124 HFC-161 12 HFC-227ea 3,220 HFC-236cb 1,340 HFC-236ea 1,370 HFC-236fa 9,810 HFC-245ca 693 HFC-245fa 1,030 HFC-365mfc 794 HFC-43-10mee 1,640 sf6 22,800 nf3 17,200 cf4 7,390 C2F 6 12,200 C3F 8 8,830 C-C4F 8 10,300 C4F10 8,860 C5F12 9,160 CeF 14 9,300 C10F18 >7,500 Source: 100-year GWPs from IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), 2007. IPCC AR4 was published in 2007 and is among the most current and comprehensive peer-reviewed assessments of climate change. AR4 provides revised GWPs of several GHGs relative to the values provided in previous assessment reports, following advances in scientific knowledge on the radiative efficiencies and atmospheric lifetimes of these GHGs and of C02. Because the GWPs provided in AR4 reflect an improved scientific understanding of the radiative effects of these gases in the atmosphere, the values provided are more appropriate for supporting the overall goal of organizational GHG reporting than the Second Assessment Report (SAR) GWP values previously used in the Emission Factors Hub. While EPA recognizes that Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) GWPs have been published, in an effort to ensure consistency and comparability of GHG data between EPA's voluntary and non-voluntary GHG reporting programs (e.g. GHG Reporting Program and National Inventory), EPA recommends the use of AR4 GWPs. The United States and other developed countries to the UNFCCC have agreed to submit annual inventories in 2015 and future years to the UNFCCC using GWP values from AR4, which will replace the current use of SAR GWP values. Utilizing AR4 GWPs improves EPA's ability to analyze corporate, national, and sub-national GHG data consistently, enhances communication of GHG information between programs, and gives outside stakeholders a consistent, predictable set of GWPs to avoid confusion and additional burden. Table 10b Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) for Blended Refrigerants ASHRAE # 100-year GWP Blend Composition R-401A 16 53% HCFC-22 , 34% HCFC-124 , 13% HFC-152a R-401B 14 61% HCFC-22 , 28% HCFC-124 , 11% HFC-152a R-401C 19 33% HCFC-22 , 52% HCFC-124 , 15% HFC-152a R-402A 2,100 38% HCFC-22 , 6% HFC-125 , 2% propane R-402B 1,330 6% HCFC-22 , 38% HFC-125 , 2% propane R-403B 3,444 56% HCFC-22 , 39% PFC-218 , 5% propane R-404A 3,922 44% HFC-125 , 4% HFC-134a , 52% HFC 143a R-406A 0 55% HCFC-22 , 41% HCFC-142b , 4% isobutane R-407A 2,107 20% HFC-32 , 40% HFC-125 , 40% HFC-134a R-407B 2,804 10% HFC-32 , 70% HFC-125 , 20% HFC-134a R-407C 1,774 23% HFC-32 , 25% HFC-125 , 52% HFC-134a R-407D 1,627 15% HFC-32 , 15% HFC-125 , 70% HFC-134a R-407E 1,552 25% HFC-32 , 15% HFC-125 , 60% HFC-134a R-408A 2,301 47% HCFC-22 , 7% HFC-125 , 46% HFC 143a R-409A 0 60% HCFC-22 , 25% HCFC-124 , 15% HCFC-142b R-410A 2,088 50% HFC-32 , 50% HFC-125 R-410B 2,229 45% HFC-32 , 55% HFC-125 R-411A 14 87.5% HCFC-22 , 11 HFC-152a , 1.5% propylene R-411B 4 94% HCFC-22 , 3% HFC-152a , 3% propylene R-413A 2,053 88% HFC-134a , 9% PFC-218 , 3% isobutane R-414A 0 51% HCFC-22 , 28.5% HCFC-124 , 16.5% HCFC-142b R-414B 0 5% HCFC-22 , 39% HCFC-124 , 9.5% HCFC-142b R-417A 2,346 46.6% HFC-125 , 5% HFC-134a , 3.4% butane R-422A 3,143 85.1% HFC-125 , 11.5% HFC-134a , 3.4% isobutane R-422D 2,729 65.1% HFC-125 , 31.5% HFC-134a , 3.4% isobutane R-423A 2,280 47.5% HFC-227ea , 52.5% HFC-134a , R-424A 2,440 50.5% HFC-125, 47% HFC-134a, 2.5% butane/pentane R-426A 1,508 5.1% HFC-125, 93% HFC-134a, 1.9% butane/pentane R-428A 3,607 77.5% HFC-125 , 2% HFC-143a , 1.9% isobutane R-434A 3,245 63.2% HFC-125, 16% HFC-134a, 18% HFC-143a, 2.8% isobutane R-500 32 73.8% CFC-12 , 26.2% HFC-152a , 48.8% HCFC-22 R-502 0 48.8% HCFC-22 , 51.2% CFC-115 R-504 325 48.2% HFC-32 , 51.8% CFC-115 R-507 3,985 5% HFC-125 , 5% HFC143a R-508A 13,214 39% HFC-23 , 61% PFC-116 R-508B 13,396 46% HFC-23 , 54% PFC-116 Source: 100-year GWPs from IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/refrigerants/refblend.html. 2007. See the source note to Table 13 for further explanation. GWPs of blended refrigerants are based on their HFC and PFC constituents, which are based on data from Page 5 of 5 ------- |