Brownfields

Success Story

&EPA

United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

The Ripple Effects of
Brownfield Redevelopment

Wilson, North Carolina

In the 1920s, the city of Wilson, North Carolina, was home to the
world's largest bright leaf tobacco market. Located along highway
301 in the eastern part of the state, the city was also home to
diverse industries and a vibrant economy. As the tobacco
economy and other industries declined, the city's economy
struggled, with many businesses closing and properties turning
into vacant brownfields. Over the past decade, however, the city
and its partners have received EPA assessment grants and loan
funding and pursued state, local and private resources to support
brownfield cleanup and redevelopment. Today, the local economy
is flourishing once again, with each new project fostering fresh
interest in brownfield redevelopment in the community.

The Revolving Loan Fund Program and
Assessment Grants

In 2013, the city of Wilson partnered with the neighboring city of
Greenville to establish the Eastern North Carolina Brownfields
Coalition (ENCBC) Revolving Loan Fund Program. The goal was
to provide low-interest loans and grants to eligible entities to
finance environmental cleanups. Since EPA first granted $1 million
to the ENCBC, the program has steadily expanded over time; it
now includes 10 counties in the area. The resources help make
redevelopment projects possible, encouraging developers and
other stakeholders to take on revitalization efforts. The city
received a $200,000 EPA grant for Community Wde Petroleum
Assessment in 2010 and another $200,000 EPA grant for
Community Wide Hazardous Materials Assessment in 2012. Since
receiving the initial grants, the city has continued to apply for and
receive supplemental funding.

In 2010, these efforts started to bear fruit, with
the announcement of the Whirligig Park project.
Commercial and residential redevelopment
projects followed. Today, these projects have
resulted in significant and sustained investment
in the city's downtown district.

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Over the span of a decade, investment in downtown
Wilson grew from about $1.8 million a year to more
than $61 million anticipated over the next two years.

Vollis Simpson Whirligig Park

Vollis Simpson, a farm
machinery repairman, made
giant kinetic sculptures at his
family farm just outside Wilson.
His sculptures, also known as
whirligigs, had long attracted
visitors. In 2010, a public-private
partnership among the city of
Wilson, the North Carolina Arts
Council and Wilson Downtown
Properties sought to move the
sculptures to Wilson's downtown
district and open a new public
park. Leveraging $1.3 million in
grant funding from federal, state,
local and private sources, Vollis
Simpson Whirligig Park opened
to the public in November 2017.

Image used with permission of City of Wilson, NC.

By the numbers:

•	More than 100,000 visitors
annually.

•	A total of 100 days of events
at the park in 2019, including
farmers markets, concerts
and wedding receptions.

•	About 40,000 visitors attend
the annual Whirligig Festival,
held in November each year.

•	The Hi-Dollar tobacco
warehouse nearby was
redeveloped as part of the
$14 million Whirligig Station
project. The development
includes 96 apartments, a
restaurant and a museum/gift


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o'NASH STREET LOFTS®1

Assessment Grants:
Western Auto/Nash Street
(2013) and Wilson Furniture
Lofts (2014)

Two residential redevelopment
projects in downtown Wilson
received $25,000 in EPA
funding for phase one
environmental site
assessments for initial
investigations. "It was tough.
No one had developed
residential uses downtown in
75 to 100 years," recalled
Holton Wilkerson, a managing
partner at CommunitySmith,
the developer that led the
projects. "Getting banks to sign
on was challenging because
there was nothing else like it."
After the assessments found no
further cleanup was required at
the sites, both redevelopment
projects moved forward. They
achieved 100% occupancy
within several months of their
completion, providing 13
apartments, including two live/
work units, at Western Auto/
Nash Street, and five loft
apartments, including two live/
work units, at Wilson Furniture
Lofts.

Historic Hotel Revival: Cherry Hotel (ongoing)

An $18 million redevelopment project is set to transform the historic
Cherry Hotel into a major visitor destination and conference center.
The project received $85,000 in EPA assessment grants for initial
investigations and a revolving loan fund of over $650,000 for
asbestos, mold and lead abatement. Local government leadership
positioned the property for redevelopment, and Cherry Hotel LLC
responded to the city's request for proposals in 2016. Spurred by EPA
grants, the revolving loan fund and state historic preservation tax
credits, current development plans call for 101 guest rooms,
conference/meeting rooms and a two-story ballroom in the heart of
downtown. The facility will create an estimated 25 to 30 jobs. Anthony
Albanese, a managing partner with Cherry Hotel LLC, described his
experience working with the grant and loan
funding programs. "You have an opportunity
through EPA and the funding available through
these grants to take these buildings and give
them a new life," he reflected. "It's a way to
preserve and take care of historic buildings to
benefit the community."	M	rvf'

Image used with permission of

Leveraging Resources	amw^Nc

Each brownfield redevelopment project in Wilson has helped propel
the next project forward, a ripple effect that continues to this day.
"Brownfield grants have had a major influence on us trying to
redevelop properties," noted Michelle Brown, the city's senior planning
and brownfield program manager. "When we get assessment money,
we have a lot of parties fighting for the funding now." The city has
gone through the funding so quickly that it has applied for
supplemental funding and additional assessment resources. Even
when no funding is available, city staff have found that developers and
other parties are now more eager to take on brownfield
redevelopment. "We have all these success stories that have brought
a lot of comfort to smaller developers," added Michelle Brown.

The city is also strengthening brownfield funding resources with local
economic development incentives, historic preservation tax credits
and opportunity zones. In addition, the city has maintained its
leadership role in redevelopment efforts, acquiring several vacant
downtown lots, conducting environmental assessments and cleanups
to support their future use, and putting them back on the market. In
addition to supporting downtown projects, the city is also targeting
brownfield redevelopment along the Highway 301 Corridor.

IBROWNFI	Today, the city of Wilson, North Carolina, is a leading national

example of the benefits of brownfield redevelopment. About a decade
ago, before the city received EPA grant resources and revolving loan
and assessment funds, downtown Wilson experienced about $1.8
million of investment a year. In contrast, over the next two years alone,
the city anticipates more than $61 million in public and private
investment- Looking back and looking forward, Rodger Lentz, the
city's chief planning and development officer, encourages other cities
to look into support from EPA's Brownfields Program. "If a city is
considering brownfield redevelopment, they should attend a regional
or national EPA brownfields conference - that is where I learned about
the revolving loan funds," he said. "EPA staff have been so helpful."

For More Information:

EPA Brownfields Program
Website

www.epa.gov/brownfields

EPA Region 4 Brownfields
(404) 562-8729

April 2020


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