FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Perchloroethylene under TSCA

What is perchloroethylene (PCE)?

Perchloroethylene (CASRN 127-18-4) - also called PCE or perc- is a colorless liquid and a volatile chemical with a mildly
sweet odor. PCE is a solvent that is widely used for consumer uses such as brake cleaners and adhesives, in commercial
applications such as dry cleaning, and in many industrial settings. For example, PCE is used as a chemical intermediate
in the production of refrigerants and as a processing aid at petroleum refineries.

In December 2024, EPA issued a final rule regulating PCE under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to protect
people from health risks such as damage to the kidney, liver, and immune system, neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity,
and cancer from inhalation or dermal exposures.

Who is subject to the PCE regulation?

Anyone who manufactures (including imports), processes, distributes in commerce, uses, or disposes of PCE or products
containing PCE may be impacted by EPA's regulation of the chemical.1 The table below is a summary of key points; full
details are in the final rule.

What is the PCE regulation2 under TSCA?

SEPA

PCE Workplace Chemical Protection

A workplace chemical protection program (WCPP) is required for several
occupational conditions of use of PCE. These include:

•	Domestic manufacturing.

•	Import.

•	Processing as a reactant.

•	Processing into formulation, mixture, or reaction product.

•	Repackaging.

•	Use in maskant for chemical milling.

•	Use in petrochemical manufacturing as a processing aid in catalyst
regeneration.

•	Use in solvent-based adhesives and sealants.

•	Use as a processing aid in sectors other than petrochemical
manufacturing.

•	Use as a solvent for open-top batch and closed-loop batch vapor
degreasing.

•	Use as a solvent for cold cleaning of tanker vessels.

•	Recycling.

•	Disposal.

The WCPP requires that owners and operators of facilities using PCE
take appropriate measures to meet a new inhalation exposure limit (0.14
ppm as an 8-hour time weighted average),3 prevent skin contact, and
develop and implement an exposure control plan, among other
requirements. Additional details on the WCPP requirements and
compliance timeframes are available on page 3.

Recordkeeping and Downstream Notification

Manufacturers, processors, and distributors are required to update Safety
Data Sheets to spread awareness throughout the supply chain. Relevant
SDS must be updated by February 18, 2025, for manufacturers and
June 16, 2025, for processors and distributors. Manufacturers,
processors, distributors, and users are required to maintain ordinary
business records that demonstrate compliance with the rule.

Prohibitions for Consumer Uses of PCE

Distributing PCE for consumer use will be phased out,
with distribution by retailers for all such uses prohibited
after March 8, 2027.

Prohibitions for Commercial Uses of PCE4

Most commercial uses will be phased out, with all such
uses prohibited after June 7, 2027.

Prohibitions for PCE in

Use of PCE for dry cleaning and spot cleaning will be
phased out in stages beginning June 16, 2025, with all
such uses prohibited after December 19, 2034.

Workplace Controls for PCE in
Energized Electrical Cleaning

After March 13, 2026, owners and operators must
provide dermal and (in certain cases) respiratory
protection (or comply with the WCPP) and self-certify
compliance with the rule to purchase and use PCE for
energized electrical cleaning. Manufacturers,
processors, and distributors of PCE-containing
energized electrical cleaner must include a warning
label on each product, as specified at § 751.611(c).

Workplace Controls for PCE in
Laboratory Use

After December 15, 2025, owners and operators must
use laboratory ventilation devices and provide dermal
protection in laboratory settings.

1	Products containing PCE up to 0.1% by weight are excluded from this regulation.

2	Details of these requirements are in 40 CFR Part 751, subpart G, available at https://www.federalreqister.gov/documents/2024/12/18/2024-
30117/perchloroethvlene-pce-reaulation-under-the-toxic-substances-control-act-tsca.

3	The inhalation exposure limit and related requirements do not apply to recycling and disposal. All other WCPP requirements apply.

4	There is a 10-year TSCA section 6(g) exemption for the emergency use of PCE for NASA in furtherance of its mission-critical needs. Only
NASA and its contractors are exempted for a narrow set of conditions of use.

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FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Perchloroethylene under TSCA

Compliance Timelines for Prohibitions

EPA prohibits manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distributing in commerce PCEforall consumer and
most industrial and commercial uses. The final rule imposes prohibitions in a staggered timeframe, beginning at the top of
the supply chain.

Requirement*

Compliance Date

Prohibition on manufacturing

Manufacturers All persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) PCE except for
(including industrial and commercial uses that will continue under the WCPP or other workplace
importers) controls and drv cleaning (see § 751.605(b)(1)).

June 11,2026

Prohibition on processing

Processors All persons are prohibited from processing PCE, including any PCE-containing products,
except for industrial and commercial uses that will continue under the WCPP or other
workplace controls and drv cleaning (see § 751.605(b)(2)).

September 9, 2026

Prohibition on all distributors

Distributors All persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available)
PCE, including any PCE-containing products, to retailers for any use other than dry
cleaning (see § 751.605(b)(3)).

December 8, 2026

All persons are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available)
PCE, including any PCE-containing products, except for industrial and commercial uses
that will continue under the WCPP or other workplace controls and dry cleaning (see
§ 751.605(b)(5)).

March 8, 2027

Prohibition on distribution by retailers

Retailers All retailers are prohibited from distributing in commerce (including making available)
PCE. including anv PCE-containing products (see § 751.605(b)(4)).

March 8, 2027

Prohibition on industrial and commercial use

Industrial and All persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE, including any PCE-
commercial containing products, except for uses that will continue under the WCPP or other
users workplace controls and drv cleaning (see § 751.605(b)(6)).

June 7, 2027

Prohibition on use of PCE in newly acquired dry cleaning machines

Dry cleaners All persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE in dry cleaning
machines acguired after June 16. 2025 (see § 751.605(b)(7)).

June 16,2025

Prohibition on dry cleaning and related spot cleaning in 3rd generation machines

Dry cleaners All persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of PCE in dry cleaning and

and spot related spot cleaning in 3rd generation machines (see § 751.605(b)(8)).

cleaners

December 20, 2027

Prohibition on all dry cleaning and related spot cleaning

Dry cleaners All persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing), processing,	December 19, 2034

and spot	distribution in commerce, or industrial or commercial use of PCE for dry cleaning and spot

cleaners	cleaning (see § 751.605(b)(9)).

* These prohibitions do not apply to the manufacturing, processing, or distribution of PCE solely for export. Additionally, there is an
extended timeframe for prohibitions related to industrial or commercial use of PCE in an emergency by NASA or its contractors (see §
751.605(b)(10)).

vvEPA

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FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Perchloroethylene under TSCA

&EPA

Compliance Timelines* for the
Workplace Chemical Protection Program

Initial
Monitoring

Exposure Limit
and Dermal
Protections

Workplace
Information and
Training

Exposure
Control Plan

Other Exposure
Monitoring

Complete initial
monitoring to
determine airborne
concentration of PCE
in the workplace that
persons may be
exposed to.

Demarcate regulated
area within 3 months
of initial monitoring
data.

Existing Facilities
Before December
15, 2025 (360 days
after final rule
publication).

New Facilities
Within 30 days of
initiating the use of
PCE for a condition
of use allowed to
continue under the
rule.

Ensure that PCE
inhalation exposures
do not exceed the
ECEL for all
potentially exposed
persons (e.g.,
workers and others in
the workplace).

Ensure all persons
are separated,
distanced, physically
removed, or isolated
from direct dermal
contact with PCE.

Provide respiratory
and/or dermal
protection as
applicable.

Existing Facilities
Before March 13,
2026 (450 days after
final rule publication).

New Facilities
Within 4 months of
initiating PCE use.

All Facilities
Respiratory protection
within 3 months of
exposure monitoring
indicating ECEL
exceedance.

Develop and
implement a
program to train
potentially exposed
persons (e.g.,
workers and others
in the workplace) on
the rule's
requirements.

Ensure potentially
exposed persons
(e.g., workers and
others in the
workplace)
participate in a
training and
information program
by March 13, 2026
(450 days after final
rule publication).

Develop and
implement an
exposure control
plan.

Notify potentially
exposed persons
(e.g., workers and
others in the
workplace) of the
availability of
exposure control
plan within 30 days
of its completion.

Potentially exposed
persons can request
certain records that
must generally be
provided within 15
working days of
request.

Existing Facilities
Before June 7, 2027
(900 days after final
rule publication).

All Facilities
Update at least
every 5 years or
when circumstances
change significantly.

Periodic Monitoring
Conduct at a
minimum every 5
years, but could
occur as

frequently as every
3 months,

dependent upon
initial monitoring or
most recent
exposure monitoring
results.

As Needed
Monitoring
Conduct additional
monitoring within 30
days after any
change that may
result in new or
additional PCE
exposures.

f There are longer timeframes for Federal agencies and contractors acting for or on behalf of those agencies. See final rule for details.

For More Information

•	For information or questions on the regulation of PCE under TSCA, and for additional compliance guidance that the EPA
intends to release regarding the use of PCE in dry cleaning and energized electrical cleaning, visit
https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/risk-management-perchloroethvlene-pce or contact
PCE.TSCA@epa.gov.

•	For general questions and document requests about TSCA requirements, contact the TSCA Hotline at 1-800-471-7127 or
tsca-hotline@epa.gov.

•	To read a non-technical summary of the risk evaluation for PCE, visit
https://www.epa.gov/svstem/files/documents/2022-12/PCE Non%20Technical%20Summarv 12-5-22-final.pdf.

•	For general information or questions on environmental regulations and compliance for small business owners, visit
https://www.epa.gov/resources-small-businesses or contact asbo@epa.gov.

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