FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Trichloroethylene under TSCA

What is Trichloroethylene (TCE)?

Trichloroethylene (CASRN 79-01-6) - also called TCE - is a nonflammable, colorless liquid and a volatile
chemical with a somewhat sweet odor. TCE is used in a variety of industrial, commercial, and consumer
applications including in industrial cleaning and degreasing, lubricants, adhesives and sealants, paints and
coatings, automotive care products, cleaning and furniture care products, and other miscellaneous products.

In December 2024, EPA issued a final rule regulating TCE under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to
protect people from health risks including liver cancer, kidney cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. TCE also
causes damage to the central nervous system, liver, kidneys, immune system, reproductive organs, and
causes fetal heart defects.

Who is subject to the TCE regulation?

Anyone who manufactures (including imports), processes, distributes in commerce, uses, or disposes of TCE
or products containing TCE may be impacted by EPA's regulation of the chemical. The table below is a
summary of key points; full details are in the final rule.

What is the TCE regulation1 under TSCA?

SEPA

All uses of TCE are eventually prohibited Prohibitions for Consumer Uses

Workplace Chemical Protection Program

A workplace chemical protection program (WCPP) is required for a limited
number of conditions of use of TCE where a phase-out will take longer than
one year. Some of these uses include:

Domestic manufacturing.
Import.

Processing as a
reactant/intermediate.
Processing into formulation,
mixture or reaction product.
Recycling.

Use as a processing aid in
select manufacturing
applications.

Use as an adhesive and
sealant for essential
aerospace applications.
Use in batch vapor
degreasing for land-based
DoD defense systems.

Use as a solvent in closed-loop
batch vapor degreasing for rayon
fabric scouring for end use in
rocket booster nozzle production.
Use in closed-loop or open-top
batch vapor degreasing for
essential aerospace parts and
narrow tubing used for medical
devices.

Use for vessels of the Armed
Forces and their systems.

Use as a solvent in closed-loop
vapor degreasing necessary for
rocket engine cleaning.

Certain types of disposal.

The WCPP requires owners and operators of facilities using TCE to meet new
inhalation exposure limits (e.g., interim ECEL: 0.2 ppm as an 8-hour TWA).
Additional details on the WCPP requirements and compliance timeframes are
available on page 3.

Manufacturing TCE for consumer uses
is prohibited after March 17, 2025.
Processing and distributing TCE for
consumer uses is prohibited after June
16,2025.

Prohibitions for Industrial and
Commercial Uses

Manufacturing TCE for industrial and
commercial uses is prohibited after
March 17, 2025. Processing TCE for
industrial and commercial uses is
prohibited after June 16, 2025, and
industrial and commercial uses of TCE
are prohibited after September 15,
2025. Select uses may continue
temporarily under an extended phase-
out or TSCA Section 6(g) exemption.

Regulatory Threshold

Products containing TCE up to 0.1%
by weight are excluded from this
regulation.

Other Workplace Controls

There are other workplace controls for use in energized electrical cleaner and disposal at cleanup sites
and water treatment facilities (see § 751.317 and § 751.319).

1 Details of these requirements, including longer phases-outs and time-limited section 6(g) exemptions, are in 40 CFR Part 751,
subpart D, available at https://www.federalreqister.gOv/documents/2024/12/17/2024-29274/trichloroethvlene-tce-requlation-under-
the-toxic-substances-control-act-tsca and https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-751.

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EPA Document #740F24015


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FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Trichloroethylene under TSCA

Compliance Timelines for Prohibitions

EPA prohibits the manufacturing (including importing), processing, and distribution in commerce of TCE for all uses. The
final rule imposes prohibitions in a staggered timeframe, beginning at the top of the supply chain.1

Requirement

Compliance Date

Prohibition on manufacturing (including importing)

All persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) TCE except for certain uses (see
§ 751.305(b)(1)).

March 17, 2025

Prohibition on processing and distribution in commerce

All persons are prohibited from processing TCE and distributing TCE in commerce, including any TCE-
containing products, except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(2)).

June 16,2025

Prohibition on industrial and commercial use

All persons are prohibited from industrial or commercial use of TCE, including any TCE-containing products,
except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(3)).

September 15, 2025

Prohibition on certain types of disposal

All persons are prohibited from disposal of TCE wastewater to industrial pre-treatment, industrial treatment, or
publicly owned treatment works except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(4)).

September 15, 2025

Prohibition on manufacturing (including importing), processing and use for vapor degreasing

• All persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) TCE for industrial and

commercial use for batch vapor degreasing in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment
except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(5)).

June 16,2025

• All persons are prohibited from processing TCE for industrial and commercial use for batch vapor
degreasing in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment except for certain uses (see
§ 751.305(b)(6)).

September 15, 2025

• All persons are prohibited from the industrial and commercial use of TCE for batch vapor degreasing
in open-top and closed-loop degreasing equipment except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(7)).

December 18, 2025

Prohibition on manufacturing (including importing) and processing for use as a processing aid

• All persons are prohibited from manufacturing (including importing) TCE for the industrial and

commercial use of TCE as a processing aid in: process solvent used in battery manufacture; process
solvent used in polymer fiber spinning, fluoroelastomer manufacture and Alcantara manufacture;
extraction solvent used in caprolactam manufacture; precipitant used in beta-cyclodextrin
manufacture; except for certain uses (see § 751.305(b)(8)).

June 10,2026

• All persons are prohibited from processing for and the industrial and commercial use of TCE as a
processing aid in: process solvent used in battery manufacture; process solvent used in polymer
fiber spinning, fluoroelastomer manufacture and Alcantara manufacture; extraction solvent used in
caprolactam manufacture; precipitant used in beta-cyclodextrin manufacture; except for certain uses
(see § 751.305(b)(9)).

December 18, 2026

Prohibitions with longer phaseout timeframes and TSCA section 6(g) exemptions

For manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of TCE under an extended phase-
out or TSCA Section 6(g) exemption under which TCE may be used, in conjunction with workplace controls,
for longer timeframes until prohibitions.

see § 751.305-325

1 This is not an exhaustive list. For a list of all timeframes, please consult the final rule, 40 CFR Part 751, subpart D,
available at httos://www.federalreaister.aov/documents/2024/12/17/2024-29274/trichloroethvlene-tce-reaulation-under-the-

toxic-substances-control-act-tsca and https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-751.

SEPA

2

December 2024
EPA Document #740F24015


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FACT SHEET

2024 Final Risk Management Rule for
Trichloroethylene under TSCA

vvEPA

Compliance Timelines* for the
Workplace Chemical Protection Program until Prohibition

Initial
Monitoring

Complete initial
monitoring within
180 days, or within
30 days of
initiating use.

Demarcate
regulated area
within 90 days of
initial monitoring
data.

Provide respiratory
protection within
90 days of initial
monitoring data.

Existing Facilities
Before June 16,
2025(180 days
after final rule
publication).

New Facilities
Within 30 days of
initiating use.

Exposure
Limits and

Dermal
Protections

Ensure that TCE
inhalation
exposures do not
exceed the interim
ECEL for all
potentially exposed
persons (e.g.,
workers and others
in the workplace).

Provide respiratory
and/or dermal
protection as
applicable.

Existing Facilities
Before September
15, 2025 (270 days
after final rule
publication).

New Facilities
Within 90 days after
receipt of any
exposure monitoring
that indicates
exposures above
the interim ECEL.

Workplace
Information
and Training
Program

Develop and
implement a
program to train
potentially
exposed persons
(e.g., workers and
others in the
workplace) on the
rule's

requirements.
Ensure

participation in a
training and
information
program for
potentially
exposed persons
by September 15,
2025 (270 days
after final rule
publication).

Exposure
Control Plan

Develop and
implement an
exposure control
plan within 1 year.

Notify potentially
exposed persons of
completion of
exposure control
plan within 30 days
of its completion.

Provide requested
records by a
potentially exposed
person within 15
days of request.

Existing Facilities
Before December
18,2025(1 year
after final rule
publication).

All Facilities
Update at least
every 5 years or
when

circumstances

change

significantly.

Other
Exposure
Monitoring

Periodic
Monitoring
Conduct at a
minimum every 5
years but could
occur as
frequently as
every 90 days,
dependent upon
initial monitoring
results.

As Needed
Monitoring
Conduct
additional
monitoring within
30 days after any
change that may
introduce
additional sources
of TCE exposure
or result in a
change in
exposure levels.

* There are longer timeframes for Federal agencies and contractors acting for or on behalf of those agencies. See final
rule for details.	_ __	, ,

For More Information

•	For information or questions on the regulation of TCE under TSCA, and for additional compliance
guidance that the EPA intends to release, visit https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-
chemicals-under-tsca/risk-manaqement-trichloroethvlene-tce or contact TCE.TSCA@epa.gov.

•	For general questions and document requests about TSCA requirements, contact the TSCA Hotline
at (800)-471-7127 or tsca-hotline@epa.gov.

•	To read a non-technical summary of the risk evaluation for TCE, visit https://www.epa.gov/system/
files/documents/2023-01/TCE Non%20Technical%20Summary 12-21-22-final-v2.pdf.

•	For general information or questions on environmental regulations and compliance for small business
owners, visit https://www.epa.gov/resources-small-businesses or contact asbo@epa.gov. The
National SBEAP Program also provides one-on-one compliance assistance in most states.

3

December 2024
EPA Document #740F24015


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