Attachment G

Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

National Topic: Permit Controls for Nutrients in non-TMDL Waters

The PQR National Topic Area review of Permit Controls for Nutrients in non-TMDL Waters should be
conducted for at least three permits, including:

•	1 major POTW

•	1 major or minor industrial facility that is likely to discharge nutrients. As a starting point, Table
1 below identifies industries likely to discharge nutrients, although you may consider any
appropriate industrial sector.

•	1 other facility (either industrial or POTW, major or minor)

When identifying permits to review for the nutrients checklist, you may use the same permits used in
your core review, or you may want to consider focusing on permits from the following groups listed
below. It is recommended that you provide an explanation of why you chose to focus on a specific
group or watershed in the PQR report.

•	Permits discharging directly to waters listed on the state's 303(d) list as impaired for nutrients,
excess algal growth, chlorophyll-a, low dissolved oxygen, or any other designation related to
nutrient impairment.

•	Permits discharging upstream of a waterbody impaired by nutrient pollution, but without an
active TMDL related to nutrient impairment.

•	Permits in watersheds not yet listed as impaired but for which nutrient pollution is a concern.

Once identified, you will need all three permits, fact sheets, and applications, as well as the applicable
state water quality standards, to conduct the desktop review and complete the nutrients checklist for
each permit. The "Program Review" checklist should be completed once, and the "Permit Review"
checklist should be completed individually for each permit reviewed as part of this National Topic Area
review.

To assist reviewers in completing the checklist, several terms used in the checklist are defined below.

Numeric Response Criteria relates to numeric criteria for response variables such as dissolved
oxygen, chlorophyll-a, biological oxygen demand, algal biomass, etc.

Numeric Causal Criteria relates to numeric criteria for phosphorus and/or nitrogen. Numeric
criteria related to phosphorus include: Phosphorus (total, elemental, dissolved, ortho-), or
Phosphate (total, elemental, dissolved, ortho-). Numeric criteria related to nitrogen include:
Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN), Nitrates,
or Nitrites.

Combined Criteria refers to a numeric nutrient criterion that integrates causal (nitrogen and
phosphorus) and response parameters into one water quality standard (WQS). Guiding
principles on this subject are found at: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-
09/documents/gu id ing-principles.pdf.

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Attachment G

Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

Table 1: Top 10 industrial sectors likely to discharge nutrients, based on average loadings (calculated
and estimated) from 2010-2015*

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Mineral mining and processing
[1422,1423,1442,1455,1459,3291]

Iron, steel, and ferroalloy manufacturing
[3312,3313,3315,3316,3317]

Pulp, paper, and paperboard
[2611,2621,2631,2653,2655,2656,2671,2672,267

9]

Steam electric power generating
[4911,4931,4961,4939]

Canned and preserved seafood processing
[2091,2092]

Pulp, paper, and paperboard
[2611,2621,2631,2653,2655,2656,2671,2672,2679]

Steam electric power generating
[4911,4931,4961,4939]

Inorganic chemicals manufacturing
[2812,2813,2816,2819]

Organic chemicals, plastics, and synthetic fibers
[2821,2823,2824,2842,2844,2865,2869,2891,
2899]

Canned and preserved seafood processing
[2091,2092]

Textile mills**

Paving and roofing materials (tars and asphalts)
[2951,2952,3996]

Petroleum refining
[2911,2992,2999,4612,5171]

Organic chemicals, plastics, and synthetic fibers
[2821,2823,2824,2842,2844,2865,2869,2891,2899,51

69]

Meat and poultry products
[2011,2013,2015,2077]

Pesticide chemicals
[2821,2823,2824,2865,2869,2879,2899]

Pesticide chemicals
[2821,2823,2824,2865,2869,2879,2899,5169]

Petroleum refining
[2911,2992,2999,4612,5171]

Pharmaceutical manufacturing
[2833,2834,2835,2836]

Meat and poultry products
[2011,2013,2015,2077]

The tables above were compiled from OECA's DMR Loading Tool. The top sectors were identified as those with
the greatest nitrogen or phosphorus loadings between 2010 and 2015. EPA acknowledges that the data behind
this list may not be completely accurate; a percentage of each sector's loadings are directly related to DMRs,
varying from category to category, while the remainder is modeled and estimated. However, it provides a
summary level estimate to work with for purposes of identifying permits for this nutrients review.

**The textile mills group includes over 15 SIC codes, all from the two-digit SIC code major group "textile mill
products" (SIC codes beginning with 22-).

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Attachment G	Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

NPDES PQR for Nutrients Checklist—Program Review
Program Description (Optional)

1. Characterize the type(s) of nutrient criteria that have been established for the state.

1a. Are the criteria expressed as:

~	Narrative

~	Combined

~ Numeric Response
D Other (describe)

~ Numeric Causal

1b. If applicable, list the specific parameters and the corresponding criteria (including magnitude, duration, and frequency), in the
table below:

Parameter

Criteria

























1c. Has the state established combined criteria?
i. If so, how are they interpreted for permitting?

Choose an item.

If so, how are they interpreted for permitting?

i. For site-specific criteria, what types of waterbodies does the criteria apply to
(e.g., warm water lakes, specific waterbody, etc.)?

Choose an item.

For state-wide criteria, what types of waterbodies does the criteria apply to
(e.g., warm water lakes, specific waterbody, etc.)?

2. Does the state have implementation rules, policies, or practices specific for
nutrients?

i. If so, which apply?

~ Translators for narrative or response criteria
D Permitting implementation rules for nutrient criteria

Choose an item.

~ Permitting implementation procedures for combined criteria
D Other general nutrient permitting policies (describe)

Comments:

(Additional space on page 6)

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Attachment G	Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

NPDES PQR for Nutrients Checklist—Permit Review

Facility and Permit Information

1.	Facility Name:

2.	Facility NPDES permit number:

3.	Permit Issuance Date:

4.	Permit Expiration Date:

Comments:

(Additional space on page 6)

Permit

1. What nutrient criteria apply to the waterbody of concern?

~	Narrative	D Numeric Causal	D Numeric Response

~	Combined	D Other (describe)

Please list specific parameters and the corresponding criteria applicable to the waterbody of concern, in the table below:

Parameter

Criteria

























1a. Is the waterbody of concern:

~	Listed as impaired for nutrients, excess algal growth, chlorophyll-a, low dissolved oxygen, or any other designation related
to nutrient impairment?

~	Upstream of a waterbody impaired by nutrient pollution, but without an active TMDL related to nutrient impairment?

~	Not yet listed as impaired but identified as a waterbody for which nutrient pollution is a concern?

i. If yes, list parameters.

2.

Does the application indicate that the facility discharges nitrogen or phosphorus (in any
form)?

Choose an item.



i. If no, was there any other information indicating that nutrients were being
discharged? (e.g., inspection sampling, effluent limitation guidelines (ELGs),
previous permits, etc.)?

Choose an item.

3.

Does the permit or fact sheet contain any discussion indicating that a reasonable
potential analysis (RPA) was performed for nutrient discharges from the facility?

Choose an item.

3a.

If yes, did the RPA conclude there is reasonable potential?

Choose an item.



i. If yes, does the permit include WQBELs for nutrients?

Choose an item.

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Attachment G

Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

3b. If no, does the permit or fact sheet explain why no RPA was necessary?

Choose an item.

4a. Does the permit establish effluent limitations for nutrients?

Choose an item.

Parameter (e.a.. TN)

Limit and Expression (e.a., 8mq/L monthly limit from April to October)

























4b. Does the permit establish compliance periods for nutrients?
ii. If yes, list parameters.

Choose an item.

Did the permit or fact sheet clearly indicate if the final effluent limitation was technology-
based, water quality-based, or something else, such as performance-based?1

i. If so, which apply?

~	Technology-based effluent limitation (TBEL)

~	Performance-based effluent limitation

Choose an item.

~	Water quality-based effluent limitation (WQBEL)

~	Other (describe)

6. What monitoring requirements does the permit establish for nutrient discharges?

~	Effluent Describe:	

~	Ambient Describe:	

Does the permit contain any of the following novel/innovative approaches or provisions for controlling nutrient pollution:

~	Plant Optimization	Describe:	

~	Adaptive Management	Describe:	

~	Water Quality Trading	Describe:	

~	Watershed-based Permitting Describe:	

~	Other	Describe:	

(Additional space on page 6)

1 Some states have adopted performance standards for nutrients that apply to certain categories or classes of facilities, for example, POTWs,
or that apply to facilities discharging to a certain waterbody, or statewide. These state performance standards are similar to, and supplement
the minimum technology-based requirements of the Clean Water Act. They often are associated with protection of specific waterbodies or
types of waterbodies, yet separate from the state's water quality standards.

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Attachment G	Permit Controls for Nutrients in Non-TMDL Waters

Additional comments:

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