*>EPA Science Forum

¦Partnering to-Protect Human tf&iltltand tlic&vgitonr^^^^

Ricardo D. Lopez1, Curtis M. Edmonds1,
Anne C, Weal©1, K. Bruce Jones1,
Daniel T. Heggem1, John G. Lyon1

1United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, National Exposure Research
Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada

of Invasive and

Year of Water:
Thirty Years of Progress
Through Partnering

Donald Garrftfo^ Eugene Jaworski3,

Mare® Capodiwacca3, Terrence SSonedcer2

Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center, Reston, Virginia, 3Eastern
Michigan University, Department of Geography and Geology, Ypsilanti, Michigan

The Problem

Invasive and opportunistic plant species
have been associated with wetland dis-
turbance. Increases in the abundance
of plant species such as common reed
(Phragmites australis) in coastal Great Lakes
wetlands are hypothesized to occur with shifts
toward drier hydrologic regimes, from other
physical disturbances within or on the periph-
ery of wetlands, or as a result of all of these
factors. Hyperspectral remotely sensed data is
being used to develop spectral signatures of
Phragmites-dominated wetlands. Successful
identification of Phragmites using hyperspec-
tral data will permit regionwide mapping, and
the mapping results can then be used to devel-
op replicate samples to test the hypothesis that
increases in Phragmites abundance are associ-
ated with hydrologic or other physical wetland
disturbances. This project is also exploring the
same capability for
mapping purple
loosestrife (Lythrum
salicaria) and cat-
tails (Typha spp.).

Physical disturbances in or near wetlands may
affect the presence of invasive plants.

Wetlands dominated by Phragmites are less bio-
logically diverse and provide less suitable habi-
tat for some organisms.

Partnership Success

This project builds upon prior collaborative relationships and forges
new and innovative partnerships with Eastern Michigan University,
the Ohio State University, Michigan State University, the Ohio
Department of Natural Resources, the Michigan Department of Natural
Resources, the Little River Band of Ottawa Indians, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, the U.S. Army Coips of Engineers (Detroit District), and private
industry. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 5
and the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Regional
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (REMAP)
jointly funded this project.

The Solution

This study was conducted to test the
ecological applicability of airborne
hyperspectral remote sensing data to
accurately: (1) detect Phragmites, (2) map
Phragmites' geographic extent, and (3) deter-
mine important ecological parameters (e.g., per-
cent cover, stem density, and stem height) within
Phragmites patches on the ground. The map-
ping results of this project support EPA's wet-
land assessment efforts in western Lake Erie,
Lake St. Clair, Lake Huron, and Lake Michigan.

Coastal wetland study sites in Ohio and Michigan coastal
zone where airborne hyperspectral remote sensing
imagery was used to map invasive and opportunistic
plants.

Science
Success

Results of this study demonstrate
how a combination of hyperspec-
tral airborne remote sensing and
detailed baseline ecological field sampling
may improve the accuracy of mapping wet-
land vegetation, one of the least accurately
mapped land-cover classes at a landscape
scale.

M:W

Semi-automated classification of remote sensing
data at Site E, indicating areas of relatively tall, high
percent-cover, high stem density Phragmites (solid
blue). P indicates the general location of the seven
largest stands of Phragmites at the site, as determined
by aerial photographs and field reconnaissance. Final
map accuracy = 91%. Black arrow = field-sampled
Phragmites stand. Inset = enlargement of field-sam-
pled Phragmites stand with internal-stand transects
( ) and stand-perimeter transect (yellow).

For additional information about this project,
please visit our website at the following URL:

[

¦



http://www.epa.gov/nerlesd1/land-sci/wetlands.htm

We thank John Schneider of the Great Lakes National Program Office, Joe Dlugosz, and Arthur
Lubin for their continued support of this project. This presentation has been subjected to the EPA's
programmatic review and lias been approved for publication. Mention of an)' trade names or com-
mercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

Partnering to Protect hfurnan -Health and the .Emrhoiiment


-------