Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee
Meeting Focus: Brownfields Redevelopment
September 12, 2019

Encore Boston Harbor, Everett

Meeting Summary

Meeting in Brief

The Mystic River Steering Committee's September meeting focused on brownfields redevelopment in
the Mystic. Jim Byrne from the EPA Brownfields Program described the program, Adi Nochur from
Groundwork USA described their partnering and technical assistance programs, and Natalie Brown from
Wynn Design & Development described the extensive site remediation and living shoreline. Presentation
slides from the meeting are available at https://mysticriver.org/epa-steering-committee and
https://www.epa.gOv/mvsticriver/mystic-river-watershed-initiative#MeetingsEvents. A list of meeting
participants can be found at the end of this document. For more information about the steering
committee and current efforts to restore the Mystic River watershed, please visit
www.epa.gov/mysticriver.

Next Meeting

The next committee meeting is scheduled for December 5, 2019 at Winchester Town Hall.

Welcome & Overview

Mel Cote (EPA) and Patrick Herron (Mystic River Watershed Association) are the Mystic River
Watershed Steering Committee co-chairs. They welcomed participants, introduced Encore's
community liaison Windy Pham and thanked her for her extensive outreach efforts, and
thanked Encore Boston Harbor and Everett for welcoming everyone. Natalie Brown, Project
Manager (Wynn Design & Development) welcomed participants to Encore Boston Harbor.

Steering Committee Business

Ona Ferguson (the Consensus Building Institute) shared the high level findings from check-in
calls CBI staff held this summer with 16 people affiliated with municipalities, agencies, and
other entities that participate in the steering committee. The purpose was to do a quick, light-
touch check in to hear any feedback on how this committee is serving those in the Mystic River
watershed and gather input on how it can continue to serve a useful function.

The overall themes were that people who participate find these quarterly meetings a great
forum. They say they have built relationships, and value especially having MassDEP, EPA and
other agency participation. They recommended shifting meeting agendas to be more
interactive and less presentation-heavy, like especially meeting in the watershed (not
downtown), and said the quarterly meeting and lOam-noon timing and frequency are
appropriate. Some suggested reaching out to municipalities and agencies that are not attending
occasionally to see if there's a way to make this network useful to them. People also named

1


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

topics that are at the front of mind for them on open space and water quality, including climate
change and - across many interviews - community engagement.

Updates and Announcements

•	Mel Cote (EPA) welcomed Darya Mattes, who is going to be the new Mystic urban
waters ambassador. She starts next week and will be housed at Groundwork Somerville.
Darya spoke briefly and looks forward to working with everyone.

•	Mel Cote also noted that EPA Region 1 has a new Regional Administrator: Dennis Dezil.
He's from New Hampshire and shares our concerns for clean air and water. An
announcement of his appointment can be found here.

EPA Brownfields Program

Jim Byrne, EPA Brownfields Program, presented an overview of EPA's Brownfield Grants
Programs. See slides for detail.

The annual appropriation is $150-$160M for the Brownfields program, of which about $50-60M
is used for grants. Guidelines for the upcoming funding cycle should be released in early
October. Proposals will be due in early December. Winners are announced in the spring, and
grants are awarded in the summer.

$444 million in EPA brownfields grants have been awarded to New England communities since
the program's inception. 424 sites have been cleaned up, and it has leveraged over$3.2B in
cleanup, construction and redevelopment. $9M have been allocated to the Mystic watershed in
assessment and cleanup funding. The only current project is an assessment grant with the city
of Everett. The BUILD Act, March 2018 (the Brownfields Utilization, Investment and Local
Development Act) expands and clarifies liability protections to municipalities that want to
address brownfields.

To deal with brownfields, do an AAI before acquiring the land. Doing this indicates that you
knew about the contamination when you got the land and you aren't responsible for it. You
need to do it a year before acquiring the land and update it occasionally. Then, once you
acquire the property, you need to stop any continuing releases. Many are eligible for EPA
grants, including states, tribes, councils of governments, non-profits and more.

The major EPA programs are: (a) assessment grants of $200-$600K, (b) cleanup grants of $500k,
(c) multi-purpose grants up to $1M for assessment and clean up, (d) revolving loan funds of up
to $1M for clean ups, and (e) targeted brownfields assessments for technical assistance.

In Jim's experience, brownfield programs are most successful when a municipality is aggressive
and, with EPA support, cleans up a property and then hands it off to a developer. States get
cleanup funding from EPA (MA gets ~$900K annually to run the brownfields program).

2


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

Opportunity zones are state-nominated and IRS certified census tracts in or near low income
communities. Investors can receive favorable tax treatments for investing in qualified
opportunity zones. Those include: Cambridge, Chelsea, Everett, Maiden, Medford, Somerville,
Winthrop. Jim invited people to contact him any time (Byrne.iames@epa.gov).

Discussion, with Jim's responses in italics

•	Is it possible to apply for smaller assessment grants? Would they be more likely to be
approved? You could apply for lower dollar amounts on any of these, but submitting for
smaller projects doesn't make receiving funding more likely.

•	How much of the criteria for selecting projects is based on the site becoming
economically viable later vs as a public park? There's no difference officially, we support
economic and greenway development. The greenspace projects that can link to related
economic benefits can be a powerful case. We've built ball fields, added to national
wildlife refuges, done river walks, etc.

Advancing Equity through Brownfields Redevelopment

Adi Nochur, Deputy Director of Capacity Building at Groundwork USA, gave an overview of
Groundwork USA's technical assistance offerings on brownfields and the need for equity in the
brownfields redevelopment process. Groundwork USA focuses on place-based revitalization
through environmental restoration. They also help lead the Urban Waters Learning Network.

Groundwork USA is a national organization with local affiliates, which are independent non-
profits. The national organization supports those 20 local affiliates, which are also known as
Groundwork Trusts. In New England, Groundwork has local Trusts in Somerville, Lawrence, New
Bedford, Bridgeport CT, and Providence Rl.

Groundwork USA partners with EPA's national brownfields program to provide free technical
assistance for all types of organizations across the country, with the exception of for-profits.
They provide three types of technical assistance:

1.	Testing the feasibility of implementation strategies identified in a brownfield area-wide
planning process

2.	Designing and sequencing inclusive methods for engaging an array of local people in
brownfields transformation projects

3.	Coaching grassroots and municipal leaders in developing productive, cross sector
coalitions and shaping projects to benefit all citizens.

Their approach is focused on correcting historic and systemic disparities to achieve more
equitable outcomes in brownfields redevelopment. Environmental justice populations are
burdened disproportionately by brownfields and often left out of planning processes. They
include people of color, youth and the elderly, low and moderate income neighborhoods, and
areas of concentrated poverty. Adi's slides feature how Groundwork describes equitable
development, including that everyone should benefit from redevelopment investment, that

3


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

communities define the benefits, and that there is inclusive and meaningful engagement and
planning. The Groundwork website has resources on community engagement.

Discussion, with Adi's responses in italics.

•	Is your focus mostly on open space? Could you support housing projects for lower
income populations? A lot of our work is on open space, but we support brownfields
reuse that realizes community benefits and revitalizes the community in a variety of
ways.

•	Has Groundwork worked in the Mystic? Somerville has a Groundwork Trust, and we've
done brownfields projects in Chelsea and Cambridge.

Encore Boston Harbor Environmental Improvements/Redevelopment

Natalie Brown, Project Manager for Wynn Design & Development at Encore Boston Harbor
presented on the environmental aspects of the site remediation and design. Nathalie oversaw
all the work done outside of the Encore buildings.

Context

The site where Encore Boston Harbor now sits was an old industrial site. At $2.6B, it was the
largest single-phase project in the history of the Commonwealth. They received a LEED gold
certificate. Of that, $68M went to clean up the site, plus the site was designed to factor in sea
level rise and climate change. The site is just downstream of the Amelia Erheart dam with a 10'
tidal swing.

The site was contaminated by three chemical companies producing dyes and acids over a
century. There were acid leaks in the fifties, and by the 1980s the site was vacant. In the 1990s
it was used as an equipment and materials staging yard for Deer Island / tunnel muck and Big
Dig work. Wynn acquired the property in January 2015.

Environmental clean up

Phase 1 Remediation: Oct 2015 - March 2016

The objective of this phase was to remove the worst contaminants. Targeted areas of low pH,
an area of high lead an arsenic, and an area with very high PCBs. 6,800 yards of material was
excavated and removed, 23,000 yards were stabilized on site. The project removed soil and an
underground storage tank.

Phase 2 Construction of landside remediation: June 2016 - June 2019
The team developed 11 types of soil classifications based on over 2400 soil samples initially
collected. They had to contend with heavy metals (especially arsenic and lead), VOCs, VPH and
more. They excavated 635,000 tons of material for the garage. Over 3000 samples were taken
for asbestos in soil as required by DEP. The review and approval process for soil removal was
extensive because there was so much data and a very tight schedule. This meant a huge
excavation and disposal process. There were 18 excavators, 5 loaders, 3 rock trucks and more
working simultaneously during the peak of the project. Mass excavation was completed in

4


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

March 2017. The company installed a rail spur for sediment disposal, which eliminated ~14000
trucks that would otherwise have been on the roads. Soils went to about 12 facilities in various
states (from MA to as far away as Georgia). 52 rail cars of sediment were removed per day
during the peak of the removal. Clean cover and fabric marker layers were then installed across
the site. Each of the over 1000 trees planted on site has a liner under its clean soil.

Phase 3 Sediment Remediation: October 2017 - March 2018

In the cove of the Mystic River and on the shorelines, they demolished and removed five
abandoned barges and 240 piles. They dredged slightly more than 5 acres for a combination of
navigation and remediation. They wanted 15' of depth for navigation, so dredged to at least
16.5' of depth so they could cap with 1.5' of clean material. They tested for asbestos in
sediment and found one elevated sample, requiring abatement for one cell. They capped about
seven acres, more than were dredged. The turning basin now has a two layer cap (coarse sand
on the bottom with stone on the top). The sediments were dewatered, processed at a facility
down the river, then trucked to New Hampshire, Maine and by rail to Ohio. In the end, the
project dredged 24,000 cubic yards of sediment.

The goal of all of this was to get to a "condition of no significant risk.,". In the end there will be
mutliple Activity Use Limitations (AULs) for the Landside and Sediment Remediation.

Living Shorelines

In collaboration with MyRWA, the project team designed a living shoreline. There's a rock roll at
the toe of the slope - larger stones and a small berm to provide protection until the plantings
get established. There are salt marsh plantings in the lower portion, then above high tide are
native plantings. The casino has 600' of shore, and more than 10K plants. There was a coir rap
meant to naturally break down which has also largely been removed because the plantings are
more established. The first round of planting was in 2017. The plants are pretty established at
this point, and there will be another round of planting in 2020.

Two challenges of the living shoreline work have been (1) working with the tide cycles for
construction, and (2) The geese ate our plants, so the salt marsh plants had to be replanted
several times.

Landscaping

The Encore site has 1000 trees (50% 20' or taller), more than 50K shrubs, 50K flowers, 1.8 miles
of walkways including a 20-foot wide waterfront harborwalk. It has water transport and docking
facilities, a Gateway park connector and a shared use path. It includes a public gathering area
and gazebo. All in all, it provides 7.8 acres of publicly accessible open space.

Discussion, with Natalie's responses in italics:

• Did Encore seed the water with oysters to help with water quality? The Division of
Marine Fisheries did not support that approach. Patrick Herron added that the concern
was the potential creation of an attractive nuisance in which people might harvest

5


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

oysters from what has been a contaminated area, which could have a negative impact
on the oyster business sin the area. Mel Cote added that while EPA sees oysters as
habitat restoration, in areas with potential contamination it is more complicated due to
liability. Patrick mentioned some oyster restoration projects in other places.

•	Where is the pedestrian bridge in process? That is at 75% design and is awaiting
approval from Somerville, Everett, MassDEP, USACE and the Coast Guard.

•	Why did Encore use turf and not regular grass? It is synthetic for maintenance reasons.
There's a lot of traffic and use. Natural turf wouldn't hold up. The synthetic turf is made
specifically for Wynn -more durable, without the black pellets.

•	How does the site deal with stormwater? It is discharged. Infiltration was not
encouraged because of contamination in the soils. There are two outfalls, one on the
east side, one on the north harborwalk.

•	Might the shuttle go across or up river? There are not plans for that at this time. Encore
may consider other stops. The connection to Assembly Row will be the pedestrian bridge.
Encore operates a water shuttle, but the docks are also available for water taxis and
other commercial operators.

Site Tour - Encore Boston Harbor

After the meeting adjourned, Nathalie took meeting participants out to the grounds to see the
plantings and the living shoreline.

6


-------
Mystic River Watershed Steering Committee Meeting Notes - September 12, 2019

Meeting Participants

Name

Affiliation

Erik Beck

USEPA

Todd Borci

USEPA

Natalie Brown

Wynn Design & Development

Karen Buck

Friends of the Maiden River

Dave Butler

MassDEP

Jim Byrne

USEPA Region 1

Bill Capithorne

Town of Arlington

Wayne Chouinard

Town of Arlington

Mel Cote

USEPA

Ona Ferguson

The Consensus Building Institute

Joshua Giffings

Lexington, Engineering

Patrick Herron

MyRWA

Marcus Holme

USEPA Region 1 - Environmental Justice

Andrew Hrycyna

MyRWA

Alicia Hunt

Medford

Lou Mammolette

City of Chelsea

Darya Mattes

Groundwork Somerville

Denis MacDougall

City of Medford

Marian Miller

MyRWA

Hillary Monahan

MWRA

Adi Nochur

Groundwork USA

Steven Nutter

Green Cambridge

Catherine Pedemonti

MyRWA

Tom Philbin

City of Everett

Tony Rodolakis

Wood E+l

Alex Rozycki

Town of Reading

Jonathan Smith

City of Somerville, Engineering

Michael Sprague

Lexington, Engineering

Emily Sullivan

Town of Arlington

Kathleen Vandiver

MIT Center for Environmental Health Science + FOMR & MyRWA

Elaine Vreeland

Winchester Conservation Commission

Caitlyn Whittle

USEPA

For questions regarding this meeting summary, please contact Darya Mattes

(daryata)aroundworksomerville.org), Caitlyn Whittle at EPA (whittle.caitlyn(5)epa.gov), or Ona Ferguson at
the Consensus Building Institute (ong(a)cbi.org).

7


-------