Public-Supply Weil-Head Arsenic Remediation in
Western Cleveland County, Oklahoma

Background and Objectives

Studies have indicated that arsenic concentrations greater than the newly
proposed EPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 micrograms
per liter (ug/L) occur in specific parts of numerous aquifers around the
United States. One such aquifer is the Central Oklahoma aquifer.
Concentrations as high as 230 ug/L have been reported in some drinking
water supply wells from this aquifer. Arsenic-bearing sandstones appear
to be the source of the arsenic . It may be possible to isolate these arsenic-
bearing zones from water supply wells, enabling production of water that
complies with drinking water standards.

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Wells

Average Arsenic Concentrations

More data and methods to assess the specific distribution of arsenic in
aquifers are needed to improve predictions for arsenic occurrence in
water supply aquifers. Research is also needed to assess whether the
existing water supply wells can be retrofitted to isolate arsenic-bearing
strata in these aquifers. It is hypothesized that geologic mapping, together with detailed hydrogeochemical
investigations, will yield correlations that predict the occurrence of high arsenic. If verified, this approach can be
used in other aquifers to predict the location of high-arsenic zones and to retrofit existing water supply wells.

If successful, this approach would eliminate the need for well head treatment of arsenic for drinking water supplies.
This would significantly reduce the costs of bringing public water supplies into compliance with the proposed
lower drinking water standards for arsenic. In addition, an understanding of arsenic distribution in the area would
improve chances of installing new wells that meet drinking water standards. This approach to characterizing
aquifers and modifying existing drinking water supply wells could be transferred to other aquifers and water supply
systems throughout the United States.

Approach

The approach will consist of:

•	Measuring, describing, and photographing Garber sandstone and shale outcrops in the study area, and
mapping sandstone and mudstone distribution from outcrops, cuttings, cores, and existing logs

•	Modeling ground water flow paths

•	Mapping the distribution of arsenic concentration in ground water based on existing and new measurements
of discrete level sampling of water production wells

•	Drilling a test hole at a site where high arsenic concentrations probably occur in isolatable layers
Accomplishments

A work plan was submitted and approved in early 2003. As of November 2003, measurements are near completion
regarding the Garber sandstone and shale outcrops in the study area and mapping of sandstone and mudstone
distribution from outcrops, cuttings, cores, and existing logs. Sampling was initiated in the first production well in
September 2003.

The National Risk Management Research Laboratory's mission is to advance scientific and engineering
solutions that enable EPA and others to effectively manage current and future environmental risks.
NRMRL possesses unique strengths and capabilities and is dedicated to providing credible
technological information and scientific solutions that support national priorities
and protect human health and the environment.


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Principal Investigator	Collaborators

Robert Puis	City of Norman
Ground Water and Ecosystem Restoration Division „	.

Ada. Oklahoma 74820	Oklahoma State University

580-436-8543	U.S. Geological Survey

The National Risk Management Research Laboratory's mission is to advance scientific and engineering
solutions that enable EPA and others to effectively manage current and future environmental risks.
NRMRL possesses unique strengths and capabilities and is dedicated to providing credible
technological information and scientific solutions that support national priorities
and protect human health and the environment.


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