U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response EVALUATION OF THE BROWNFIELDS PROGRAM July 2012 ------- Table of Contents Acknowledgements 5 Introduction 6 PART I. Property Milestones toward Land Revitalization Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants 8 Data and Methods 9 Results 12 Figure 1. Map of Properties Funded by Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup (ARC) Grants ... 15 Table 1. Properties Funded by ARC Grants by EPA Region 16 Figure 2. Flowchart of Property Milestones Achieved by ARC Grants 17 Table 2. Property Milestones Achieved by ARC Grants by Cleanup Progress 18 Table 2A. Properties Reporting Cleanup Required 18 Table 2B. Properties Reporting Cleanup Not Required 19 Table 2C. Properties Not Reporting Cleanup Requirement 20 Figure 3. Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants 21 Table 3. Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants by Cleanup Progress 22 Table 4. Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants by Cleanup Requirement 23 Table 5. Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants by Assessment Progress 24 Table 6. Cleanup Requirement by Assessment Progress 25 Table 7. Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants by Cleanup Requirement 26 Table 7A. Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Phase I Assessment 26 Table 7B. Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Phase II Assessment 27 Table 7C. Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Supplemental Assessment 28 Table 8. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants 29 Figure 4. Property Milestones Achieved by Revolving Loan Funds 30 Table 9. Property Milestones Achieved by Revolving Loan Funds by Cleanup Progress 31 Table 10. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Revolving Loan Funds 32 Figure 5. Property Milestones Achieved by Cleanup Grants 33 Table 11. Property Milestones Achieved by Cleanup Grants by Cleanup Progress 34 Table 12. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Cleanup Grants 35 Table 13. Property Demographics by Revolving Loan Fund or Cleanup Grant Funding 36 Table 14. Property Demographics by Type of Cleanup Funding, Cleanup, and Redevelopment 37 2 ------- PART I. Property Milestones toward Land Revitalization Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants (continued) Table 15. Property Milestones Achieved by Revolving Loan Fund Loans vs. Subgrants 38 Table 16. Property Demographics by Revolving Loan Fund Loans vs. Subgrants 39 Table 17. Property Demographics by RLF Funding Source, Cleanup, and Redevelopment 40 PART II. Program Management, Outputs, and Efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants 41 Data and Methods 42 Results 43 Table 18. Brownfields ARC Grants by EPA Region 45 Table 19. Brownfields ARC Grants by Award Year 46 Table 20. Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Obligated by EPA Region 47 Table 21. Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Obligated by Award Year 48 Table 22. Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Drawn Down by EPA Region 49 Table 23. Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Drawn Down by Award Year 50 Table 24. Property Milestones per Brownfields Assessment Grant by EPA Region 51 Table 25. Property Milestones per Brownfields Assessment Grant by Award Year 52 Table 26. Property Milestones per Brownfields Revolving Loan Fund by EPA Region 53 Table 27. Property Milestones per Brownfields Revolving Loan Fund by Award Year 54 Table 28. Property Milestones per Brownfields Cleanup Grant by EPA Region 55 Table 29. Property Milestones per Brownfields Cleanup Grant by Award Year 56 Table 30. Assessment Grant Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete by EPA Region 57 Table 31. Assessment Grant Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete by Award Year 58 Table 32. Assessment Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete by EPA Region 59 Table 33. Assessment Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete by Award Year 60 Table 34. RLF and Cleanup Grant Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete by EPA Region 61 Table 35. RLF and Cleanup Grant Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete by Award Year 62 Table 36. RLF and Cleanup Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Completed by EPA Region 63 Table 37. RLF and Cleanup Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Completed by Award Year 64 Table 38. Brownfields ARC Grants by Open vs. Closed Award Status and EPA Region 65 Table 39. Brownfields ARC Grants by Open vs. Closed Award Status and Award Year 66 Table 40. Number of Associated Properties per Brownfields ARC Grant by EPA Region 67 Table 41. Number of Associated Properties per Brownfields ARC Grant by Award Year 68 3 ------- PART II.Program Management, Outputs, and Efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants (continued) Table 42. Brownfields ARC Grants by Associated Properties Status and EPA Region 69 Table 43. Brownfields ARC Grants by Associated Properties Status and Award Year 70 Table 44. Brownfields ARC Grants by GPRA Accomplishment Status and EPA Region 71 Table 45. Brownfields ARC Grants by GPRA Accomplishment Status and Award Year 72 PART III. Estimating the Impacts of Brownfield Remediation on Housing Property Values Introduction 74 The EPA Brownfields Program 80 Model and Identification 83 Data 98 Empirical Results 106 Cost-Benefit Analysis 110 Discussion Ill Table 1. House Attributes within 5km versus rest of county 115 Table 2. House Attributes by whether brownfield is funded or unfunded 116 Table 3. Brownfield attributes by availability of housing data 117 Table 4. Housing attributes by treatment status (determined by buffer) 118 Table 5. Timeline of brownfield start and completion frequencies 119 Table 6. Brownfield cleanup duration (in days) by contaminant 120 Table 7. Fraction of proposals initiated in each year that did not complete cleanup by 2009 121 Table 8. Cross-sectional specification (comparison between houses inside v. outside buffer and cleaned v. not cleaned brownfields) 122 Table 9. Cross-sectional specification (comparison between houses inside buffer near cleaned v. not cleaned brownfields) 123 Table 10. Fixed effects 124 Table 11. Differences-in-differences 125 Table 12. Double-difference matching estimator 127 Table 13. Treatment estimates under false policy complete dates 128 Figure 1. Average square footage of houses transacted by distance from brownfield 129 Figure 2. Non-parametric price function estimates 130 Figure 3. Average price relative to cleanup period in cleanup and control 131 4 ------- Acknowledgements The Evaluation of2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants was conducted by the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) Center for Program Analysis in partnership with the Office of Brownfields and Land Revitalization and EPA Regional Offices. 5 ------- Introduction The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Brownfields Program is designed to empower states, communities, and other stakeholders to work together in a timely manner to prevent, assess, safely clean up, and sustainably reuse contaminated or formerly contaminated land. Brownfields grants serve as the foundation of the Brownfields Program and support land revitalization efforts by funding environmental site assessment, cleanup, and job training activities. Since passage of the Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002 (the "Brownfields Law"), EPA has competitively awarded 1,454 assessment grants totaling $324.6 million, 133 grants to capitalize revolving loan funds totaling $158.5 million, and 751 cleanup grants totaling $140.8 million. The Evaluation of2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants is the first national program evaluation of the outcomes, efficiencies, and economic benefits produced by Brownfields grants. The main purposes of the evaluation are as follows: 1. Analyze property milestones toward land revitalization achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. 2. Identify opportunities for improving the management and efficiencies of Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. 3. Estimate the economic benefits caused by Brownfields cleanup grants through use of rigorous, quasi-experimental designs. The report is divided into three parts according to the main purposes of the evaluation. Each part summarizes the data sources, methods, and main results. The results of individual analyses are presented in more detailed tables and figures at the end of each section of results. Part I analyzes property milestones toward land revitalization achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. The main analyses follow 8,294 properties across the major stages of land revitalization, stratifying results based on each type of Brownfields grant and on whether cleanup was required at the property. Additional analyses examine progress toward land revitalization following different levels of environmental assessment completed, baseline property demographics leading to cleanup and redevelopment, and variation in property outcomes across EPA Regions. Part II examines the management, outputs, and efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. The main analyses combine results from Part I with data on financial obligations and draw downs to calculate the efficiency with which assessment grants produce environmental assessments and revolving loan funds and cleanup grants produce cleanups. Additional analyses examine individual grant outputs, such as the number of property milestones and Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) accomplishments achieved per grant, by type of grant, EPA Region, and award year. 6 ------- Part III estimates the casual effects of 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grants on local property values. The analyses involve two quasi-experiments: a difference-in-differences design that compares changes in housing values before and after cleanup among homes near a Brownfield vs. homes farther away from a Brownfield; and a regression discontinuity design based on the 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grant competition that compares changes in housing values near Brownfields that received cleanup grant funding vs. changes in housing values near Brownfields that did not receive cleanup grant funding. 7 ------- PART I. Property Milestones toward Land Revitalization Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants 8 ------- Data and Methods The following section describes the data sources, data collection, and additional steps taken prior to analysis to improve information quality. The section concludes with a discussion of methods and assumptions. EPA chose to restrict the evaluation to properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. Although EPA awarded pilot assessment and revolving loan fund grants prior to passage of the Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act of 2002, comprehensive information about properties was not available until the post-law period. In addition, at the time of data collection, Brownfields grants awarded after 2008 were still within their three-year performance period and therefore had incomplete information reported. Given these data limitations, EPA determined that properties funded by Brownfields grants awarded solely outside the 2003-2008 period were not suitable for analysis. Data Sources Data sources for analysis included EPA's Assessment, Cleanup, and Redevelopment Exchange System (ACRES), an online database for Brownfields grant recipients to electronically submit property information to EPA; supplemental information on property activities from EPA Regional Offices; and demographic variables summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Data management was performed using SAS ® 9.2 software (SAS Institute Inc., 2008). Data Collection and Quality Improvements As part of the evaluation, EPA conducted a large-scale data collection to improve the property information contained in the ACRES database. EPA sent letters to all 2003-2008 Brownfields grant recipients and provided them with a summary of the most current information EPA had concerning assessment, cleanup, and redevelopment at the properties associated with their grants. The letters requested that Brownfields grant recipients submit updated information about these properties, if necessary, and provided them with instructions for entering this information in the ACRES database. In addition to collecting updated property information from grant recipients, EPA implemented a process to improve the geographic information about properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. Although Brownfields grant recipients enter geographic information about properties in the ACRES database, EPA sought to improve the accuracy of this information prior to conducting demographic and property value analyses. EPA began the process by geocoding property addresses using the U.S. Streets Geocoding Service in ArcGIS Desktop ® 10.0 software (ESRI Inc., 2010). The automated geocoding service indicated whether or not the property address could be matched and then assigned a score based on the strength of the match. EPA determined the latitude and longitude of property addresses based on the following criteria: 9 ------- • For property addresses that matched with a perfect score, EPA recorded the latitude and longitude without making further changes. This step was completed for all properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. • For property addresses that matched without a perfect score, EPA individually verified the correct property address, latitude, and longitude through correspondence with EPA Regional Offices and grant recipients before recording this information. This step was completed for all properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants. Properties funded solely by 2003-2008 assessment grants were excluded due to resource constraints and because geographic analysis was not planned for these properties. • For property addresses that could not be matched or that could not be individually verified, EPA used the latitude and longitude entered in the ACRES database by grant recipients after performing several quality checks. Properties with missing geocoordinates or with geocoordinates that lacked sufficient precision to identify the property within 10 meters (i.e., latitude or longitude reported with fewer than four decimal places) were flagged for follow-up with EPA Regional Offices and grant recipients. This step was completed for all properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. Methods EPA queried the ACRES database (data accessed July 11, 2011) to identify the properties funded by 2003-2008 assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants, as well as the activities reported on these properties. Using the start and completion dates of reported property activities, EPA established a chronology for each property that spanned the major stages of land revitalization: 1. No Assessment Started 2. Assessment Started 3. Assessment Complete 4. Cleanup Required but Not Started 5. Cleanup Started 6. Cleanup Complete 7. Ready for Reuse 8. Redevelopment Started 9. Redevelopment Complete Properties progress through the above milestones in sequence. For example, properties that have not completed assessment or that required cleanup but have not completed cleanup could not be classified as ready for reuse. On the other hand, properties that completed assessment and did not require cleanup could be classified as ready for reuse without undergoing cleanup activity. The only exception to the above sequence concerns situations in which different portions of a property were simultaneously undergoing different types of activities (e.g., cleanup was started on one portion of the property while redevelopment was started on another portion). For the purposes of this evaluation, EPA classified the property based on the furthest milestone toward land revitalization achieved. 10 ------- EPA also determined the highest level of assessment completed at properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants. The ACRES database contains start and completion dates for three types of assessments. A Phase I Environmental Site Assessment involves visual inspection of the property and a historical review of records to identify whether potential environmental contamination exists. If a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment identifies potential environmental contamination, then a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment may be performed. A Phase II Environmental Site Assessment involves actual sampling of the site to confirm or deny the presence of contamination. Finally, a Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment may be performed if further sampling and characterization of contamination is required prior to starting cleanup. The ACRES database does not contain a field to denote that no further assessment is needed at the property. As a result, for the purposes of this evaluation, EPA considered a property to have completed assessment only when a Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment was completed and no further assessment was in progress. For properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants that had also completed assessment, EPA classified properties based on whether cleanup was required, cleanup was not required, or the cleanup requirement was not reported. Properties funded by 2003-2008 revolving loan fund and cleanup grants were classified as requiring cleanup given that these funds are used exclusively for cleanup activities. Finally, for properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants, EPA conducted an analysis of baseline property demographics leading to cleanup and redevelopment. Demographic variables of interest included median household income, percentage of households in poverty, percentage of the labor force that is unemployed, percentage of housing units that are vacant, and median housing values. Demographic variables were summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing and matched to each property. The block group level was selected because it represented the smallest geographic unit for which the demographic variables of interest were publicly available. The block group associated with each property was identified using ArcGIS Desktop ® 10.0 software (ESRI Inc., 2010). Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS ® 9.2 software (SAS Institute Inc., 2008). Limitations A limitation of the ACRES database is that property information is reported by Brownfields grant recipients. While EPA project officers must approve the information reported, Brownfields grant recipients are only required to report on properties during the three-year performance period of their grant. Downstream property activities like redevelopment may not be expected to occur during this period and may not be reported in the ACRES database as a result. The data collection described above was an effort to address this limitation by supplementing the ACRES database with property activities that may have occurred since an award closed. Nonetheless, the property milestones toward land revitalization calculated in the following sections should be interpreted as lower bounds. 11 ------- Results The following section summarizes the main results concerning property milestones toward land revitalization achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. The results of individual analyses are presented in tables and figures at the end of the section. EPA identified 8,294 properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. Of this total, 7,787 properties (94%) were funded by assessment grants, 234 properties (2.8%) were funded by revolving loan funds, and 449 properties (5.4%) were funded by cleanup grants. The sum of these subtotals exceeds 8,294 because 169 properties (2.0%) were funded by more than one type of Brownfields grant. Table 1 presents the number of properties funded by each type of Brownfields grant by EPA Region. Figure 1 shows their geographic distribution across the U.S. EPA tracked each property to the furthest milestone toward land revitalization achieved, stratifying results based on whether cleanup was required, cleanup was not required, or the cleanup requirement was not reported. The results are presented in Figure 2 and Tables 2A-2C. A total of 7,434 of 8,294 properties (90%) completed assessment. Of these 7,434 properties, 1,528 properties (21%) reported that cleanup was required, 1,577 properties (21%) reported that cleanup was not required, and 4,329 properties (58%) did not report whether cleanup was required. Following the group of 1,528 properties that reported cleanup was required, 764 properties (50%) started cleanup, 618 properties (40%) completed cleanup, 546 properties (36%) were made ready for reuse, 390 properties (26%) started redevelopment, and 76 properties (5.0%) completed redevelopment. Following the group of 1,577 properties that reported cleanup was not required, 1,175 properties (77%) were made ready for reuse, 302 properties (20%) started redevelopment, and 79 properties (5.2%) completed redevelopment. Following the group of 4,329 properties that did not report whether cleanup was required, 174 properties (4.0%) were made ready for reuse, 169 properties (3.9%) started redevelopment, and 13 properties (0.3%) completed redevelopment. Taken as a whole, of the 8,294 properties evaluated, 1,895 properties (23%) were made ready for reuse, 861 properties (10%) started redevelopment, and 168 properties (2.0%) completed redevelopment. EPA conducted separate analyses of property milestones toward land revitalization achieved by each type of Brownfields grant. Of the 7,787 properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants, 6,927 properties (89%) completed assessment, 1,597 properties (21%) were made ready for reuse, 654 properties (8.4%) started redevelopment, and 131 properties (1.7%) completed redeveloped. The results are presented in Figure 3 and Table 3. The results provide evidence that Brownfields assessment grants provide benefits earlier in the land revitalization process by identifying properties for reuse that do not require cleanup. For example, 1,379 of the 1,597 properties (86%) funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants and made ready for reuse achieved this milestone without a cleanup. Similarly, 506 of the 654 properties (77%) funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants with redevelopment started achieved this milestone without a cleanup. These results corroborate the finding that a majority of properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants that completed assessment and reported whether cleanup was required did not require cleanup. Table 4 shows that 12 ------- 1,577 of the 2,598 properties (61%) that completed assessment and reported whether cleanup was required did not require cleanup. These results should be understood within the overall context of underreported assessment results. In particular, a total of 4,329 of the 6,927 properties (62%) that completed assessment did not report whether cleanup was required. EPA determined the highest level of assessment completed at the 7,787 properties funded by 2003- 2008 Brownfields assessment grants and tracked each property to the furthest milestone toward land revitalization achieved. The results are presented in Table 5. Of these 7,787 properties, 365 properties (4.7%) had not started assessment, 495 properties (6.4%) had assessment in progress, 4,575 properties (59%) had completed assessment with a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment, 1,773 properties (23%) had completed assessment with a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, and 579 properties (7.4%) had completed assessment with a Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment. The analysis reveals significant differences in progress toward land revitalization by the level of assessment completed. For example, of the 4,575 properties that completed assessment with a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment, 748 properties (16%) were made ready for reuse, 213 properties (4.7%) started redevelopment, and 28 properties (0.6%) completed redevelopment. However, a substantially higher percentage of properties that completed assessment with a Phase II or Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment were made ready for reuse. Of the 1,773 properties that completed assessment with a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, 671 properties (38%) were made ready for reuse, 333 properties (19%) started redevelopment, and 74 properties (4.1%) completed redevelopment. Similarly, of the 579 properties that completed assessment with a Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment, 178 properties (31%) were made ready for reuse, 108 properties (19%) started redevelopment, and 29 properties (5.0%) completed redevelopment. Table 6 and Table 7A-7C stratify these results by whether cleanup was required, cleanup was not required, or the cleanup requirement was not reported. Of the 4,575 properties that completed assessment with a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment, 193 properties (4.2%) reported that cleanup was required, 887 properties (19%) reported that cleanup was not required, and 3,495 properties (76%) did not report whether cleanup was required. Of the 1,773 properties that completed assessment with a Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, 551 properties (31%) reported that cleanup was required, 595 properties (34%) reported that cleanup was not required, and 627 properties (35%) did not report whether cleanup was required. Of the 579 properties that completed assessment with a Supplemental Environmental Site Assessment, 277 properties (48%) reported that cleanup was required, 95 properties (16%) reported that cleanup was not required, and 207 properties (36%) did not report whether cleanup was required. Within each assessment category, nearly all properties that did not report whether cleanup was required also did not indicate further progress toward land revitalization. For example, 3,404 of the 3,495 properties (97%) that completed assessment with a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment and did not report whether cleanup was required also did not indicate further progress toward land revitalization. Turning to the 234 properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds, 184 properties (79%) started cleanup, 144 properties (62%) completed cleanup, 122 properties (52%) were made ready 13 ------- for reuse, 91 properties (39%) started redevelopment, and 29 properties (12%) completed redevelopment. The results are presented in Figure 4 and Table 9. A similar pattern of results emerges for the 449 properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grants. Of these 449 properties, 373 properties (83%) started cleanup, 305 properties (68%) completed cleanup, 262 properties (58%) were made ready for reuse, 171 properties (38%) started redevelopment, and 21 properties (4.7%) completed redevelopment. The results are presented in Figure 5 and Table 11. EPA also conducted an analysis of baseline property demographics leading to cleanup and redevelopment for properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants. Demographic variables of interest included median household income, percentage of households in poverty, percentage of the labor force that is unemployed, percentage of housing units that are vacant, and median housing values. Table 13 shows the mean values of these variables for the group of properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds and the group of properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grants. Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate no statistically significant differences in baseline property demographics between the two groups. Table 14 stratifies these results based on the subsequent cleanup and redevelopment status of the group of properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds and the group of properties funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grants. Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate that revolving loan fund properties that complete cleanup are, on average, in much better off areas at baseline than are revolving loan fund properties that do not complete cleanup. In contrast, cleanup grant properties that complete cleanup do not statistically differ at baseline from cleanup grant properties that do not complete cleanup. A similar pattern holds for subsequent redevelopment status. Since Brownfields revolving loan funds are permitted to finance cleanup with both loans and subgrants, EPA conducted further analyses based on each type of funding source. A total of 175 of the 234 properties (75%) funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds reported the type of funding source. Of these 175 properties, 78 properties (45%) were funded by loans only, 80 properties (46%) were funded by subgrants only, and 17 properties (9.7%) were funded by both loans and subgrants. Table 15 shows that that each group of properties achieved similar progress toward land revitalization. Finally, EPA analyzed baseline property demographics leading to cleanup and redevelopment based on each type of funding source. The results are presented in Tables 16-17. Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate no statistically significant differences in baseline property demographics among the groups of properties funded by each type of funding source. The results are then stratified based on the subsequent cleanup and redevelopment status of the group of properties funded by any loan and the group of properties funded by any subgrant. Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate that properties funded by loans that complete cleanup are, on average, in much better off areas at baseline than properties funded by loans that do not complete cleanup. In contrast, properties funded by subgrants that complete cleanup do not statistically differ at baseline from properties funded by subgrants that do not complete cleanup. A similar pattern did not emerge for subsequent redevelopment status. 14 ------- Figure 1. PROPERTIES FUNDED BY 2003-2008 BROWNFIELDS ASSESSMENT, REVOLVING LOAN FUND, AND CLEANUP GRANTS jf f • F * 4 » • * 1 • * \\ % • ® • e • * * 0 . w.v •. ."4 9 . « i . W . V** V -V^ • ~ V \ . *••••• 1 o if \a ^ • «# |*V**. •4 * ~ $ • • i . V »• • 7 %«. T ~ -•-if- *• '?&%£• 1 >; rftf'l 7 * . - >1 A ©© % *? • o 1 TZ S9S •y ' / ' i © •\ • * mlfW@ \ TYPE OF FUNDING Assessment Grant • Revolving Loan Fund • Cleanup Grant X \ ll V ss 15 ------- Table 1. Properties Funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by EPA Region EPA Region Properties Funded by Brownfields ARC Grants Properties Funded by Assessment Grants Properties Funded by Revolving Loan Funds Properties Funded by Cleanup Grants Number of Properties Percent of Region Number of Properties Percent of Region Number of Properties Percent of Region Region A 2393 2271 94.9% 61 2.5% 90 3.7% Region B 1233 1184 96.0% 14 1.1% 42 3.4% Region C 935 806 86.2% 72 7.7% 134 14.3% Region D 620 579 93.3% 43 6.9% 16 2.5% Region E 489 466 95.2% 4 0.8% 26 5.3% Region F 508 481 94.6% 8 1.5% 25 4.9% Region G 1152 1125 97.6% 13 1.1% 32 2.7% Region H 284 242 85.2% 12 4.2% 41 14.4% Region 1 387 363 93.7% 5 1.2% 20 5.1% Region J 293 270 92.1% 2 0.6% 23 7.8% Total 8294 7787 93.8% 234 2.8% 449 5.4% Note: Column totals of properties funded by each type of grant sum to 8470 instead of to 8294 because 169 properties were funded by more than one type of grant. Seven of these 169 properties were funded by all three types of grants, which explains why 8470 - 8294 = 176. 16 ------- Figure 2. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants N = 8294 PROPERTIES ASSESSMENT GRANTS ASSESSMENT REQUIRED PHASE I ASSESSMENT PHASE II ASSESSMENT O £ SUPPLEMENTAL ASSESSMENT REVOLVING LOAN FUNDS CLEANUP GRANTS A 6% ASSESSMENT COMPLETE* CLEANUP REQUIRED I CLEANUP NOT REQUIRED, Properties that Started Cleanup: 795 Properties that Completed Cleanup: 644 Properties Made Ready for Reuse: 1895 Properties that Started Redevelopment: 861 Properties that Completed Redevelopment: 168 CLEANUP STARTED CLEANUP COMPLETE requirement^ NOT REPORTED JL "© V READY FOR REUSE READY FOR REUSE REDEVELOPMENT | STARTED REDEVELOPMENT | STARTED REDEVELOPMENT | STARTED REDEVELOPMENT | STARTED REDEVELOPMENT | COMPLETE REDEVELOPMENT | COMPLETE REDEVELOPMENT | COMPLETE REDEVELOPMENT | COMPLETE Note: The ACRES database does not contain a field to denote that no further assessment is needed at the property. In the above figure, "Assessment Complete" is counted only when a Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment is complete and no further assessment is in progress. 17 ------- Table 2A. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants at Properties Reporting Cleanup Required Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by ARC Grants with Completed Assessments and Reporting Cleanup Required Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 764 93.5% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 764 50.0% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 146 73.0% 0 0.0% 146 9.5% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 72 14.0% 72 4.7% Ready for Reuse 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 156 30.5% 156 10.2% Redevelopment Started 48 5.8% 50 25.0% 216 42.2% 314 20.5% Redevelopment Complete 5 0.6% 4 2.0% 67 13.1% 76 4.9% Total 817 100.0% 200 100.0% 511 100.0% 1528 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a complete Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment and no further assessment in progress. 18 ------- Table 2B. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants at Properties Reporting Cleanup Not Required Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by ARC Grants with Completed Assessments and Reporting Cleanup Not Required Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total No Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase 1 Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase 1 Assessment Complete 267 16.9% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 267 16.9% Phase II Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase II Assessment Complete 113 7.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 113 7.1% Supplemental Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Supplemental Assessment Complete 22 1.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 22 1.3% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Ready for Reuse 873 55.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 873 55.3% Redevelopment Started 223 14.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 223 14.1% Redevelopment Complete 79 5.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 79 5.0% Total 1577 100.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1577 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a complete Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment and no further assessment in progress. 19 ------- Table 2C. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants at Properties Not Reporting Cleanup Requirement Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by ARC Grants with Completed Assessments and Not Reporting Cleanup Requirement Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total No Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase 1 Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase 1 Assessment Complete 3404 79.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3404 78.6% Phase II Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Phase II Assessment Complete 561 13.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 561 12.9% Supplemental Assessment Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Supplemental Assessment Complete 179 4.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 179 4.1% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 5 45.4% 0 0.0% 5 0.1% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 6 30.0% 6 0.1% Ready for Reuse 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5 25.0% 5 0.1% Redevelopment Started 145 3.3% 6 54.5% 5 25.0% 156 3.6% Redevelopment Complete 9 0.2% 0 0.0% 4 20.0% 13 0.3% Total 4298 100.0% 11 100.0% 20 100.0% 4329 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a complete Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment and no further assessment in progress. 20 ------- Figure 3. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants Total Properties 7787 Assessment Complete* 6927 Ready for Reuse (1379/1597 not through a cleanup) 1597 Redevelopment Started (506/654 not through a cleanup) 654 Redevelopment Complete (93/131 not through a cleanup) 131 Note: The ACRES database does not contain a field to denote that no further assessment is needed at the property. In the above figure, "Assessment Complete" is counted only when a Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment is complete and no further assessment is in progress. 21 ------- Table 3. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Cleanup Progress Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by Assessment Grants with Completed Assessments Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Phase 1 Assessment Complete 3671 55.5% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3671 52.9% Phase II Assessment Complete 674 10.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 674 9.7% Supplemental Assessment Complete 201 3.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 201 2.9% Cleanup Required but Not Started 680 10.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 680 9.8% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 73 68.8% 0 0.0% 73 1.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 31 14.3% 31 0.4% Ready for Reuse 873 13.2% 0 0.0% 70 32.4% 943 13.6% Redevelopment Started 413 6.2% 30 28.3% 80 37.0% 523 7.5% Redevelopment Complete 93 1.4% 3 2.8% 35 16.2% 131 1.8% Total 6605 100.0% 106 100.0% 216 100.0% 6927 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment complete and no further assessment in progress. 22 ------- Table 4. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Cleanup Requirement Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Required Cleanup Required Cleanup Requirement Not Reported All Properties Funded by Assessment Grants with Completed Assessments Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Phase 1 Assessment Complete 267 16.9% 0 0.0% 3404 78.6% 3671 52.9% Phase II Assessment Complete 113 7.1% 0 0.0% 561 12.9% 674 9.7% Supplemental Assessment Complete 22 1.3% 0 0.0% 179 4.1% 201 2.9% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 680 66.6% 0 0.0% 680 9.8% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 68 6.6% 5 0.1% 73 1.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 25 2.4% 6 0.1% 31 0.4% Ready for Reuse 873 55.3% 65 6.3% 5 0.1% 943 13.6% Redevelopment Started 223 14.1% 144 14.1% 156 3.6% 523 7.5% Redevelopment Complete 79 5.0% 39 3.8% 13 0.3% 131 1.8% Total 1577 100.0% 1021 100.0% 4329 100.0% 6927 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with Phase I, Phase II, or Supplemental Assessment complete and no further assessment in progress. 23 ------- Table 5. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Highest Level of Assessment Completed Furthest Property Milestone Achieved No Assessment Started Assessment in Progress Phase 1 Assessment Complete Phase II Assessment Complete Supplemental Assessment Complete All Properties Funded by Assessment Grants Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total No Assessment Started 355 97.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 355 4.5% Phase 1 Assessment Started 0 0.0% 119 24.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 119 1.5% Phase 1 Assessment Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3671 80.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3671 47.1% Phase II Assessment Started 0 0.0% 253 51.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 253 3.2% Phase II Assessment Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 674 38.0% 0 0.0% 674 8.6% Supplemental Assessment Started 0 0.0% 68 13.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 68 0.8% Supplemental Assessment Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 201 34.7% 201 2.5% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 141 3.0% 381 21.4% 158 27.2% 680 8.7% Cleanup Started 1 0.2% 5 1.0% 14 0.3% 31 1.7% 28 4.8% 79 1.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 3 0.6% 1 0.0% 16 0.9% 14 2.4% 34 0.4% Ready for Reuse 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 535 11.6% 338 19.0% 70 12.0% 943 12.1% Redevelopment Started 8 2.1% 44 8.8% 185 4.0% 259 14.6% 79 13.6% 575 7.3% Redevelopment Complete 1 0.2% 3 0.6% 28 0.6% 74 4.1% 29 5.0% 135 1.7% Total 365 100.0% 495 100.0% 4575 100.0% 1773 100.0% 579 100.0% 7787 100.0% 24 ------- Table 6. Cleanup Requirement by Highest Level of Assessment Completed at Properties Funded by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants Cleanup Requirement No Assessment Started Assessment in Progress Phase 1 Assessment Complete Phase II Assessment Complete Supplemental Assessment Complete All Properties Funded by Assessment Grants Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Cleanup Not Required 12 3.2% 63 12.7% 887 19.3% 595 33.5% 95 16.4% 1652 21.2% Cleanup Required 21 5.7% 142 28.6% 193 4.2% 551 31.0% 277 47.8% 1184 15.2% Cleanup Requirement Not Reported 332 90.9% 290 58.5% 3495 76.3% 627 35.3% 207 35.7% 4951 63.5% Total 365 100.0% 495 100.0% 4575 100.0% 1773 100.0% 579 100.0% 7787 100.0% 25 ------- Table 7A. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Highest Level of Assessment Completed and Cleanup Requirement Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Phase 1 Assessment Cleanup Not Required Cleanup Required Cleanup Requirement Not Reported All Properties Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Phase 1 Assessment Complete 267 30.1% 0 0.0% 3404 97.3% 3671 80.2% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 141 73.0% 0 0.0% 141 3.0% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 11 5.6% 3 0.0% 14 0.3% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 1 0.5% 0 0.0% 1 0.0% Ready for Reuse 522 58.8% 11 5.6% 2 0.0% 535 11.6% Redevelopment Started 82 9.2% 22 11.3% 81 2.3% 185 4.0% Redevelopment Complete 16 1.8% 7 3.6% 5 0.1% 28 0.6% Total 887 100.0% 193 100.0% 3495 100.0% 4575 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a Phase I Assessment complete, no Phase II or Supplemental Assessment complete, and no further assessment in progress. 26 ------- Table 7B. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Highest Level of Assessment Completed and Cleanup Requirement Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Phase II Assessment Cleanup Not Required Cleanup Required Cleanup Requirement Not Reported All Properties Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Phase II Assessment Complete 113 18.9% 0 0.0% 561 89.4% 674 38.0% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 381 69.1% 0 0.0% 381 21.4% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 29 5.2% 2 0.3% 31 1.7% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 11 1.9% 5 0.7% 16 0.9% Ready for Reuse 307 51.5% 30 5.4% 1 0.1% 338 19.0% Redevelopment Started 127 21.3% 79 14.3% 53 8.4% 259 14.6% Redevelopment Complete 48 8.0% 21 3.8% 5 0.7% 74 4.1% Total 595 100.0% 551 100.0% 627 100.0% 1773 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a Phase II Assessment complete, no Supplemental Assessment complete, and no further assessment in progress. 27 ------- Table 7C. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grants by Highest Level of Assessment Completed and Cleanup Requirement Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Highest Level of Assessment Complete: Supplemental Assessment Cleanup Not Required Cleanup Required Cleanup Requirement Not Reported All Properties Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Supplemental Assessment Complete 22 23.1% 0 0.0% 179 86.4% 201 34.7% Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 158 57.0% 0 0.0% 158 27.2% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 28 10.1% 0 0.0% 28 4.8% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 13 4.6% 1 0.4% 14 2.4% Ready for Reuse 44 46.3% 24 8.6% 2 0.9% 70 12.0% Redevelopment Started 14 14.7% 43 15.5% 22 10.6% 79 13.6% Redevelopment Complete 15 15.7% 11 3.9% 3 1.4% 29 5.0% Total 95 100.0% 277 100.0% 207 100.0% 579 100.0% Note: Table is limited to properties with a Supplemental Assessment complete and no further assessment in progress. 28 ------- Table 8. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Assessment Grants Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region A Properties Region B Properties Region C Properties Region D Properties Region E Properties Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total No Assessment Started 23 1.0% 43 3.6% 22 2.7% 20 3.4% 54 11.5% Phase 1 Assessment Started 30 1.3% 12 1.0% 26 3.2% 5 0.8% 7 1.5% Phase 1 Assessment Complete 936 41.2% 738 62.3% 215 26.6% 205 35.4% 164 35.1% Phase II Assessment Started 61 2.6% 4 0.3% 92 11.4% 14 2.4% 13 2.7% Phase II Assessment Complete 312 13.7% 31 2.6% 72 8.9% 73 12.6% 43 9.2% Supplemental Assessment Started 31 1.3% 8 0.6% 17 2.1% 0 0.0% 6 1.2% Supplemental Assessment Complete 106 4.6% 53 4.4% 17 2.1% 4 0.6% 2 0.4% Cleanup Required but Not Started 209 9.2% 54 4.5% 115 14.2% 46 7.9% 36 7.7% Cleanup Started 14 0.6% 4 0.3% 30 3.7% 6 1.0% 1 0.2% Cleanup Complete 18 0.7% 0 0.0% 9 1.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Ready for Reuse 227 9.9% 198 16.7% 111 13.7% 114 19.6% 86 18.4% Redevelopment Started 227 9.9% 33 2.7% 58 7.1% 79 13.6% 53 11.3% Redevelopment Complete 77 3.3% 6 0.5% 22 2.7% 13 2.2% 1 0.2% Total 2271 100.0% 1184 100.0% 806 100.0% 579 100.0% 466 100.0% Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region F Properties Region G Properties Region H Properties Region 1 Properties Region J Properties Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total No Assessment Started 31 6.4% 55 4.8% 58 23.9% 7 1.9% 42 15.5% Phase 1 Assessment Started 16 3.3% 19 1.6% 2 0.8% 0 0.0% 2 0.7% Phase 1 Assessment Complete 184 38.2% 779 69.2% 63 26.0% 287 79.0% 100 37.0% Phase II Assessment Started 27 5.6% 12 1.0% 3 1.2% 1 0.2% 26 9.6% Phase II Assessment Complete 35 7.2% 55 4.8% 22 9.0% 13 3.5% 18 6.6% Supplemental Assessment Started 2 0.4% 1 0.0% 1 0.4% 0 0.0% 2 0.7% Supplemental Assessment Complete 2 0.4% 7 0.6% 2 0.8% 1 0.2% 7 2.5% Cleanup Required but Not Started 56 11.6% 67 5.9% 40 16.5% 19 5.2% 38 14.0% Cleanup Started 5 1.0% 9 0.8% 3 1.2% 1 0.2% 6 2.2% Cleanup Complete 2 0.4% 2 0.1% 1 0.4% 1 0.2% 1 0.3% Ready for Reuse 36 7.4% 88 7.8% 40 16.5% 25 6.8% 18 6.6% Redevelopment Started 79 16.4% 22 1.9% 7 2.8% 7 1.9% 10 3.7% Redevelopment Complete 6 1.2% 9 0.8% 0 0.0% 1 0.2% 0 0.0% Total 481 100.0% 1125 100.0% 242 100.0% 363 100.0% 270 100.0% 29 ------- Figure 4. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Revolving Loan Funds Total Properties Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete Ready for Reuse Redevelopment Started 234 184 144 122 91 Redevelopment Complete 29 30 ------- Table 9. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Revolving Loan Funds by Cleanup Progress Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by Revolving Loan Funds Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 50 96.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 50 21.3% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 40 78.4% 0 0.0% 40 17.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 22 16.7% 22 9.4% Ready for Reuse 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 31 23.6% 31 13.2% Redevelopment Started 2 3.8% 11 21.5% 49 37.4% 62 26.4% Redevelopment Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 29 22.1% 29 12.3% Total 52 100.0% 51 100.0% 131 100.0% 234 100.0% 31 ------- Table 10. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Revolving Loan Funds Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region A Properties Region B Properties Region C Properties Region D Properties Region E Properties Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 1 1.6% 1 7.1% 7 9.7% 31 72.0% 0 0.0% Cleanup Started 11 18.0% 1 7.1% 18 25.0% 2 4.6% 0 0.0% Cleanup Complete 12 19.6% 3 21.4% 5 6.9% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Ready for Reuse 12 19.6% 4 28.5% 4 5.5% 2 4.6% 3 75.0% Redevelopment Started 15 24.5% 4 28.5% 25 34.7% 5 11.6% 0 0.0% Redevelopment Complete 10 16.3% 1 7.1% 13 18.0% 3 6.9% 1 25.0% Total 61 100.0% 14 100.0% 72 100.0% 43 100.0% 4 100.0% Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region F Properties Region G Properties Region H Properties Region 1 Properties Region J Properties Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 5 38.4% 4 33.3% 0 0.0% 1 50.0% Cleanup Started 1 12.5% 4 30.7% 3 25.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 40.0% 0 0.0% Ready for Reuse 3 37.5% 2 15.3% 1 8.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Redevelopment Started 4 50.0% 1 7.6% 4 33.3% 3 60.0% 1 50.0% Redevelopment Complete 0 0.0% 1 7.6% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total 8 100.0% 13 100.0% 12 100.0% 5 100.0% 2 100.0% 32 ------- Figure 5. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Cleanup Grants 33 ------- Table 11. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Brownfields Cleanup Grants by Cleanup Progress Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Cleanup Not Started Cleanup Started Cleanup Complete All Properties Funded by Cleanup Grants Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 76 96.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 76 16.9% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 68 76.4% 0 0.0% 68 15.1% Cleanup Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 43 15.3% 43 9.5% Ready for Reuse 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 91 32.3% 91 20.2% Redevelopment Started 3 3.7% 20 22.4% 127 45.1% 150 33.4% Redevelopment Complete 0 0.0% 1 1.1% 20 7.1% 21 4.6% Total 79 100.0% 89 100.0% 281 100.0% 449 100.0% 34 ------- Table 12. Regional Variation in Property Milestones Achieved by Cleanup Grants Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region A Properties Region B Properties Region C Properties Region D Properties Region E Properties Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 13 14.4% 3 7.1% 23 17.1% 7 43.7% 2 7.6% Cleanup Started 5 5.5% 3 7.1% 39 29.1% 0 0.0% 1 3.8% Cleanup Complete 20 22.2% 4 9.5% 7 5.2% 1 6.2% 1 3.8% Ready for Reuse 17 18.8% 10 23.8% 16 11.9% 4 25.0% 8 30.7% Redevelopment Started 32 35.5% 22 52.3% 38 28.3% 4 25.0% 14 53.8% Redevelopment Complete 3 3.3% 0 0.0% 11 8.2% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total 90 100.0% 42 100.0% 134 100.0% 16 100.0% 26 100.0% Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Region F Properties Region G Properties Region H Properties Region 1 Properties Region J Properties Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Number Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 5 20.0% 6 18.7% 4 9.7% 5 25.0% 8 34.7% Cleanup Started 0 0.0% 9 28.1% 4 9.7% 0 0.0% 7 30.4% Cleanup Complete 4 16.0% 2 6.2% 1 2.4% 2 10.0% 1 4.3% Ready for Reuse 7 28.0% 5 15.6% 14 34.1% 6 30.0% 4 17.3% Redevelopment Started 9 36.0% 10 31.2% 13 31.7% 6 30.0% 2 8.6% Redevelopment Complete 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5 12.1% 1 5.0% 1 4.3% Total 25 100.0% 32 100.0% 41 100.0% 20 100.0% 23 100.0% 35 ------- Table 13. Baseline Property Demographics by Revolving Loan Fund or Cleanup Grant Funding Type of Funding Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Value of Housing Units Revolving Loan Fund Properties $29,240 23.50% 12.30% 13.60% $93,502 Cleanup Grant Properties $31,136 21.70% 9.80% 10.70% $101,793 Note: Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate no statistically-significant differences at the 0.05 level by type of funding. Demographic characteristics for each property are summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census. 36 ------- Table 14. Baseline Property Demographics by Type of Cleanup Funding and Resulting Cleanup and Redevelopment Status Type of Funding and Resulting Cleanup Status Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Housing Values Revolving Loan Fund Properties Cleanup Not Complete $24,377 29.9% 17.4% 18.9% $81,965 Cleanup Complete $33,026 18.4% 8.3% 9.5% $102,485 Cleanup Grant Properties Cleanup Not Complete $32,132 20.5% 9.8% 10.8% $100,789 Cleanup Complete $30,538 22.4% 9.7% 10.6% $102,395 Type of Funding and Resulting Redevelopment Status Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Housing Values Revolving Loan Fund Properties No Redevelopment $27,382 27.1% 15.3% 17.2% $95,498 Redevelopment Started or Complete $31,545 18.8% 8.6% 9.1% $91,026 Cleanup Grant Properties No Redevelopment $30,451 22.6% 10.6% 11.9% $95,026 Redevelopment Started or Complete $31,872 20.7% 8.8% 9.5% $109,061 Note: Kruskal-Wallis tests indicating statistically-significant differences at the 0.05 level are bolded. Demographic characteristics for each property are summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census. 37 ------- Table 15. Property Milestones Achieved by 2003-2008 Revolving Loan Fund Loans vs. Revolving Loan Fund Subgrants Furthest Property Milestone Achieved Funded by RLF Loans only Funded by RLF Subgrants only Funded by RLF Loans and RLF Subgrants All Properties Funded by Revolving Loan Funds Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Number of Properties Percent of Total Cleanup Required but Not Started 0 0.0% 1 1.2% 0 0.0% 1 0.5% Cleanup Started 13 16.6% 18 22.5% 7 41.1% 38 21.7% Cleanup Complete 11 14.1% 10 12.5% 0 0.0% 21 12.0% Ready for Reuse 14 17.9% 12 15.0% 3 17.6% 29 16.5% Redevelopment Started 27 34.6% 26 32.5% 5 29.4% 58 33.1% Redevelopment Complete 13 16.6% 13 16.2% 2 11.7% 28 16.0% Total 78 100.0% 80 100.0% 17 100.0% 175 100.0% Note: Fifty-nine of 234 Revolving Loan Fund properties do not report their funding source. 38 ------- Table 16. Baseline Property Demographics by Revolving Loan Fund Loans vs. Revolving Loan Fund Subgrants Revolving Loan Fund Funding Source Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Value of Housing Units Funded by RLF Loans only $31,228 20.6% 8.4% 10.7% $108,292 Funded by RLF Subgrants only $32,508 18.5% 9.3% 9.1% $88,558 Funded by RLF Loans and RLF Subgrants $28,939 23.0% 8.6% 10.8% $84,065 Note: Kruskal-Wallis tests indicate no statistically-significant differences at the 0.05 level by funding source. Demographic characteristics for each property are summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census. Fifty-nine of 234 Revolving Loan Fund properties do not report their funding source. 39 ------- Table 17. Baseline Property Demographics by Revolving Loan Fund Funding Source and Resulting Cleanup and Redevelopment Status Revolving Loan Fund Funding Source and Resulting Cleanup Status Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Housing Values Any Revolving Loan Fund Loans Cleanup Not Complete $24,114 27.1% 12.3% 13.2% $79,967 Cleanup Complete $33,481 18.6% 7.0% 9.8% $113,482 Any Revolving Loan Fund Subgrants Cleanup Not Complete $30,509 20.8% 8.1% 9.1% $80,141 Cleanup Complete $32,469 18.7% 9.7% 9.6% $91,024 Revolving Loan Fund Funding Source and Resulting Redevelopment Status Median Household Income Percent of Households in Poverty Percent of Labor Force Unemployed Percent of Housing Units Vacant Median Housing Values Any Revolving Loan Fund Loans No Redevelopment $31,681 21.1% 9.2% 12.6% $114,330 Redevelopment Started or Complete $30,105 21.0% 7.8% 9.1% $95,379 Any Revolving Loan Fund Subgrants No Redevelopment $31,601 20.2% 8.7% 9.3% $91,019 Redevelopment Started or Complete $32,098 18.6% 9.6% 9.6% $85,289 Note: Kruskal-Wallis tests indicating statistically-significant differences at the 0.05 level are bolded. Demographic characteristics for each property are summarized at the block group level from the 2000 Census. Fifty-nine of 234 Revolving Loan Fund properties do not report their funding source. 40 ------- PART II. Program Management, Outputs, and Efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants 41 ------- Data and Methods The following section describes the data sources and methods used to examine program management, outputs, and efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. Data Sources Data sources for analysis included EPA's Assessment, Cleanup, and Redevelopment Exchange System (ACRES), an online database for Brownfields grant recipients to electronically submit property information to EPA; supplemental information on property activities from EPA Regional Offices; and Brownfields grant financial data from the Office of the Chief Financial Officer Reporting and Business Intelligence Tool (ORBIT). Data management and statistical analyses were performed using SAS ® 9.2 software (SAS Institute Inc., 2008). Methods EPA queried the ACRES database (data accessed July 11, 2011) to identify the administrative records and property activities associated with each 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant. In addition, EPA queried the ORBIT database (data accessed June 9, 2011) to identify the financial obligations and dollars drawn down for each grant, and then merged the relevant information from both databases prior to analysis. For each grant, EPA calculated the dollars obligated, the dollars drawn down, and the corresponding percentage of the obligation drawn down. EPA then determined the number of property milestones produced per 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant. Property milestones of interest included Phase I Environmental Site Assessments, Phase II Environmental Site Assessments, Supplemental Site Assessments, completed cleanups, and redevelopments. EPA analyzed the efficiency with which 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants produce environmental assessments by calculating the average number of assessments completed per dollar obligated and per dollar drawn down. Similarly, EPA calculated the efficiency with which 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants produce cleanups by calculating the average number of cleanups completed per dollar obligated and per dollar drawn down. Finally, EPA determined the award status of each 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant, the number of associated properties per grant, and the number of grants that produced GPRA accomplishments related to assessment, cleanup, or redevelopment activities. 42 ------- Results The following section summarizes the main results concerning program management, outputs, and efficiencies of 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants. The results of individual analyses are presented in tables and figures at the end of the section. EPA awarded 860 assessment grants, 124 grants to capitalize revolving loan funds, and 459 cleanup grants over fiscal years 2003-2008. Financial obligations were obtained for 840 assessment grants totaling $202.2 million, 106 revolving loan funds totaling $145.5 million, and 441 cleanup grants totaling $91.8 million. Tables 18-21 present these figures by EPA Region and award year. For each 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant for which financial obligations were obtained, EPA calculated the dollars drawn down and the percentage of the obligation that had been drawn down. Tables 22-23 present these figures by EPA Region and award year. The results indicate that 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds have been significantly less drawn down (54% drawn down) than 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment (87% drawn down) and cleanup grants (86% drawn down). EPA calculated the number of property milestones associated with each 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant. Tables 24-25 present the figures for 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants by EPA Region and award year. On average, each Brownfield assessment grant was associated with 7.6 Phase I Environmental Site Assessments, 2.6 Phase II Environmental Site Assessments, 0.67 Supplemental Environmental Site Assessments, 0.14 completed cleanups, and 1.3 redevelopments. Tables 26-27 present the figures for 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan funds by EPA Region and award year. On average, each Brownfield revolving loan fund was associated with 0.27 Phase I Environmental Site Assessments, 0.23 Phase II Environmental Site Assessments, 0.24 Supplemental Environmental Site Assessments, 0.98 completed cleanups, and 0.70 redevelopments. Tables 28-29 present the figures for 2003-2008 Brownfields cleanup grants by EPA Region and award year. On average, each Brownfield cleanup grant was associated with 0.22 Phase I Environmental Site Assessments, 0.23 Phase II Environmental Site Assessments, 0.15 Supplemental Environmental Site Assessments, 0.61 completed cleanups, and 0.44 redevelopments. EPA combined these outputs with financial obligations and dollars drawn down to examine the efficiency with which 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment grants produced environmental assessments. Tables 30-31 present the number of assessments completed per dollar obligated to 2003-2008 Brownfields assessments grants by EPA Region and award year. Tables 32-33 present analogous figures per dollar drawn down. On average, assessment grants produced a completed assessment for every $21,683 obligated and for every $18,605 drawn down. EPA compared the efficiency with which 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants produced cleanups. Tables 34-35 present the number of cleanups completed per dollar obligated to 2003-2008 Brownfields revolving loan fund and cleanup grants by EPA Region and award year. Tables 36-37 present analogous figures per dollar drawn down. Under both measures, cleanup grants were 43 ------- substantially more efficient than revolving loan funds at producing cleanups. On average, revolving loan funds produced a completed cleanup for every $1,222,939 obligated and for every $615,155 drawn down, while cleanup grants produced a completed cleanup for every $332,709 obligated and for every $284,176 drawn down. The ratios of these figures imply that cleanup grants were 3.7 times more efficient in terms of dollars obligated and 2.2 times more efficient in terms of dollars drawn down. These ratios should be interpreted with caution in the absence of further information about the total cost and complexity of cleanups at revolving loan fund vs. cleanup grant properties. EPA examined several additional indicators of program management, including the award status of each 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant, the number of associated properties per grant, and the number of grants that produced GPRA accomplishments related to assessment, cleanup, or redevelopment activities. Tables 38-39 report the number and percentage of 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants with an open vs. closed award status by EPA Region and award year. A total of 422 of 860 assessment grants (49%), 24 of 124 revolving loan funds (19%), and 248 of 459 cleanup grants (54%) had closed awards. Tables 40-41 show the number of associated properties entered in the ACRES database per 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grant by EPA Region and award year. On average, assessment grants were associated with 9.33 properties, revolving loan funds were associated with 1.93 properties, and cleanup grants were associated with 0.98 properties. Tables 42-43 show the number of these grants with no associated properties entered in the ACRES database. A total of 141 of 860 assessment grants (16%), 54 of 124 revolving loan funds (44%), and 73 of 459 cleanup grants (16%) had no associated properties entered in the ACRES database. Finally, Tables 44-45 report the number and percentage of 2003-2008 Brownfields assessment, revolving loan fund, and cleanup grants that produced GPRA accomplishments by EPA Region and award year. A total of 651 of 860 assessment grants (76%), 54 of 124 revolving loan funds (44%), and 267 of 459 cleanup grants (58%) produced GPRA accomplishments related to assessment, cleanup, or redevelopment activities. 44 ------- Table 18. 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants by EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants All Grants Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total Region A 216 25.1% 29 23.3% 86 18.7% 331 22.9% Region B 85 9.8% 16 12.9% 51 11.1% 152 10.5% Region C 135 15.6% 32 25.8% 126 27.4% 293 20.3% Region D 63 7.3% 7 5.6% 25 5.4% 95 6.5% Region E 49 5.6% 7 5.6% 29 6.3% 85 5.8% Region F 73 8.4% 12 9.6% 24 5.2% 109 7.5% Region G 104 12.0% 8 6.4% 33 7.1% 145 10.0% Region H 44 5.1% 4 3.2% 38 8.2% 86 5.9% Region 1 19 2.2% 3 2.4% 24 5.2% 46 3.1% Region J 72 8.3% 6 4.8% 23 5.0% 101 6.9% Total 860 100.0% 124 100.0% 459 100.0% 1443 100.0% 45 ------- Table 19. 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grants by Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants All Grants Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total Number of Grants Percent of Total 2003 117 13.6% 36 29.0% 54 11.7% 207 14.3% 2004 154 17.9% 28 22.5% 68 14.8% 250 17.3% 2005 146 16.9% 15 12.0% 84 18.3% 245 16.9% 2006 147 17.0% 18 14.5% 81 17.6% 246 17.0% 2007 147 17.0% 17 13.7% 84 18.3% 248 17.1% 2008 149 17.3% 10 8.0% 88 19.1% 247 17.1% Total 860 100.0% 124 100.0% 459 100.0% 1443 100.0% 46 ------- Table 20. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Obligated by EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Grant Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per RLF Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Grant Region A 210 $60,478,583 $287,993 23 $41,318,138 $1,796,441 81 $20,161,387 $248,906 Region B 83 $20,911,283 $251,943 15 $16,116,010 $1,074,401 48 $10,782,931 $224,644 Region C 134 $31,973,095 $238,605 27 $34,182,636 $1,266,024 124 $24,393,582 $196,722 Region D 63 $13,204,695 $209,598 6 $7,797,783 $1,299,631 24 $4,359,380 $181,641 Region E 49 $9,859,391 $201,212 6 $9,333,522 $1,555,587 28 $4,359,930 $155,712 Region F 71 $14,940,426 $210,429 11 $7,974,484 $724,953 23 $4,170,247 $181,315 Region G 103 $24,925,597 $241,996 8 $11,312,546 $1,414,068 31 $7,258,666 $234,151 Region H 42 $8,191,762 $195,042 4 $12,116,114 $3,029,028 37 $6,756,038 $182,596 Region 1 15 $3,439,998 $229,333 2 $2,378,500 $1,189,250 23 $4,455,267 $193,707 Region J 70 $14,272,313 $203,890 4 $3,000,000 $750,000 22 $5,130,289 $233,195 Total 840 $202,197,142 $240,711 106 $145,529,733 $1,372,922 441 $91,827,716 $208,226 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 47 ------- Table 21. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Obligated by Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Grant Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per RLF Number of Grants Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Grant 2003 114 $30,443,856 $267,051 28 $34,221,533 $1,222,198 50 $10,943,099 $218,862 2004 149 $34,118,130 $228,981 24 $33,648,635 $1,402,026 65 $13,864,284 $213,297 2005 141 $31,216,751 $221,395 12 $18,391,732 $1,532,644 78 $14,299,066 $183,321 2006 143 $32,991,174 $230,708 18 $22,257,163 $1,236,509 78 $16,212,835 $207,857 2007 146 $34,292,028 $234,877 15 $25,126,800 $1,675,120 83 $17,952,524 $216,295 2008 147 $39,135,203 $266,226 9 $11,883,870 $1,320,430 87 $18,555,909 $213,286 Total 840 $202,197,142 $240,711 106 $145,529,733 $1,372,922 441 $91,827,716 $208,226 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 48 ------- Table 22. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Drawn Down by EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds EPA Region Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Grant Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per RLF Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant Region A 210 $53,632,732 $255,394 88.5% 23 $21,211,387 $922,234 62.6% Region B 83 $16,071,101 $193,628 82.2% 15 $7,775,200 $518,347 50.3% Region C 134 $27,848,170 $207,822 89.3% 27 $16,643,731 $616,435 48.9% Region D 63 $11,560,254 $183,496 87.3% 6 $4,828,844 $804,807 61.9% Region F 71 $13,241,052 $186,494 88.0% 11 $3,528,224 $320,748 56.8% Region E 49 $8,902,272 $181,679 90.2% 6 $4,370,249 $728,375 65.8% Region G 103 $22,440,457 $217,869 91.2% 8 $6,419,595 $802,449 38.8% Region H 42 $7,843,084 $186,740 95.8% 4 $6,292,727 $1,573,182 59.4% Region 1 15 $2,924,345 $194,956 89.5% 2 $970,975 $485,487 62.4% Region J 70 $9,028,910 $128,984 63.6% 4 $1,162,562 $290,640 29.0% Total 840 $173,492,376 $206,539 86.6% 106 $73,203,496 $690,599 53.7% Cleanup Grants EPA Region Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Grant Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant Region A 81 $17,065,802 $210,689 83.5% Region B 48 $9,102,546 $189,636 85.4% Region C 124 $20,267,243 $163,446 83.6% Region D 24 $3,508,488 $146,187 80.6% Region E 28 $3,916,157 $139,863 90.8% Region F 23 $3,884,047 $168,872 93.7% Region G 31 $6,335,902 $204,384 92.1% Region H 37 $6,471,781 $174,913 96.0% Region 1 23 $4,397,920 $191,214 98.7% Region J 22 $3,482,770 $158,308 68.5% Total 441 $78,432,657 $177,852 86.3% Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 49 ------- Table 23. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants and Dollars Drawn Down by Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Award Year Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Grant Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per RLF Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant 2003 114 $30,368,373 $266,389 99.9% 28 $23,972,764 $856,170 77.7% 2004 149 $32,784,303 $220,029 97.3% 24 $17,330,720 $722,113 63.7% 2005 141 $29,939,858 $212,339 96.6% 12 $9,019,369 $751,614 44.6% 2006 143 $29,094,669 $203,459 89.2% 18 $12,442,340 $691,241 45.7% 2007 146 $28,145,344 $192,776 81.3% 15 $7,043,201 $469,547 28.0% 2008 147 $23,159,828 $157,550 58.7% 9 $3,395,102 $377,234 24.2% Total 840 $173,492,376 $206,539 86.6% 106 $73,203,496 $690,599 53.7% Cleanup Grants Award Year Number of Grants Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Grant Average Percent Drawn Down per Grant 2003 50 $10,540,170 $210,803 98.5% 2004 65 $13,607,145 $209,341 98.0% 2005 78 $13,942,369 $178,748 97.7% 2006 78 $14,157,534 $181,507 88.3% 2007 83 $13,815,776 $166,455 75.9% 2008 87 $12,369,663 $142,180 68.3% Total 441 $78,432,657 $177,852 86.3% Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 50 ------- Table 24. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grant by EPA Region EPA Region Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Region A 216 1987 9.20 924 4.28 285 1.32 52 0.24 397 1.84 Region B 85 1051 12.36 163 1.92 63 0.74 0 0.00 65 0.76 Region C 135 602 4.46 242 1.79 105 0.78 24 0.18 160 1.19 Region D 63 500 7.94 232 3.68 17 0.27 7 0.11 148 2.35 Region E 49 343 7.00 124 2.53 26 0.53 12 0.24 64 1.31 Region F 73 409 5.60 150 2.05 16 0.22 14 0.19 104 1.42 Region G 104 1002 9.63 186 1.79 28 0.27 5 0.05 99 0.95 Region H 44 136 3.09 86 1.95 8 0.18 4 0.09 7 0.16 Region 1 19 356 18.74 54 2.84 5 0.26 2 0.11 13 0.68 Region J 72 172 2.39 59 0.82 22 0.31 2 0.03 27 0.38 Total 860 6558 7.63 2220 2.58 575 0.67 122 0.14 1084 1.26 51 ------- Table 25. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment Grant by Award Year Award Year Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant 2003 117 1232 10.53 449 3.84 99 0.85 28 0.24 112 0.96 2004 154 1669 10.84 446 2.90 102 0.66 34 0.22 172 1.12 2005 146 1280 8.77 404 2.77 67 0.46 15 0.10 153 1.05 2006 147 1073 7.30 408 2.78 119 0.81 22 0.15 213 1.45 2007 147 815 5.54 313 2.13 123 0.84 16 0.11 247 1.68 2008 149 489 3.28 200 1.34 65 0.44 7 0.05 187 1.26 Total 860 6558 7.63 2220 2.58 575 0.67 122 0.14 1084 1.26 52 ------- Table 26. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Revolving Loan Fund by EPA Region EPA Region Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Region A 29 8 0.28 6 0.21 5 0.17 46 1.59 27 0.93 Region B 16 8 0.50 4 0.25 5 0.31 11 0.69 4 0.25 Region C 32 5 0.16 4 0.13 4 0.13 37 1.16 31 0.97 Region D 7 4 0.57 4 0.57 1 0.14 4 0.57 8 1.14 Region E 7 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 4 0.57 3 0.43 Region F 12 2 0.17 1 0.08 1 0.08 7 0.58 5 0.42 Region G 8 4 0.50 2 0.25 8 1.00 3 0.38 2 0.25 Region H 4 2 0.50 6 1.50 4 1.00 5 1.25 4 1.00 Region 1 3 0 0.00 2 0.67 2 0.67 4 1.33 2 0.67 Region J 6 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.17 Total 124 33 0.27 29 0.23 30 0.24 121 0.98 87 0.70 53 ------- Table 27. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Revolving Loan Fund by Award Year Award Year Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant 2003 36 19 0.53 19 0.53 17 0.47 42 1.17 35 0.97 2004 28 8 0.29 7 0.25 4 0.14 40 1.43 28 1.00 2005 15 3 0.20 2 0.13 7 0.47 9 0.60 8 0.53 2006 18 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 0.61 2 0.11 2007 17 2 0.12 1 0.06 1 0.06 17 1.00 12 0.71 2008 10 1 0.10 0 0.00 1 0.10 2 0.20 2 0.20 Total 124 33 0.27 29 0.23 30 0.24 121 0.98 87 0.70 54 ------- Table 28. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Cleanup Grant by EPA Region EPA Region Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Region A 86 20 0.23 25 0.29 17 0.20 69 0.80 41 0.48 Region B 51 17 0.33 21 0.41 13 0.25 32 0.63 21 0.41 Region C 126 26 0.21 18 0.14 18 0.14 60 0.48 63 0.50 Region D 25 5 0.20 3 0.12 1 0.04 9 0.36 6 0.24 Region E 29 6 0.21 7 0.24 0 0.00 22 0.76 15 0.52 Region F 24 0 0.00 1 0.04 2 0.08 20 0.83 12 0.50 Region G 33 4 0.12 4 0.12 4 0.12 13 0.39 12 0.36 Region H 38 12 0.32 12 0.32 8 0.21 30 0.79 21 0.55 Region 1 24 3 0.13 6 0.25 3 0.13 15 0.63 8 0.33 Region J 23 10 0.43 10 0.43 4 0.17 8 0.35 4 0.17 Total 459 103 0.22 107 0.23 70 0.15 278 0.61 203 0.44 55 ------- Table 29. Property Milestones per 2003-2008 Brownfields Cleanup Grant by Award Year Award Year Number of Grants Phase 1 Assessments Complete Phase II Assessments Complete Supplemental Assessments Complete Cleanups Complete Redevelopments Started or Complete Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant Number Number per Grant 2003 54 28 0.52 27 0.50 21 0.39 52 0.96 34 0.63 2004 68 29 0.43 27 0.40 23 0.34 60 0.88 44 0.65 2005 84 24 0.29 27 0.32 12 0.14 59 0.70 36 0.43 2006 81 10 0.12 15 0.19 6 0.07 43 0.53 32 0.40 2007 84 9 0.11 9 0.11 2 0.02 31 0.37 24 0.29 2008 88 3 0.03 2 0.02 6 0.07 33 0.38 33 0.38 Total 459 103 0.22 107 0.23 70 0.15 278 0.61 203 0.44 56 ------- Table 30. 2003-2008 Assessment Grant Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete by EPA Region EPA Region Number of Grants Number of Assessments Complete Number of Assessments Complete per Grant Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Region A 210 1979 918 284 3181 9.42 4.37 1.35 15.15 $60,478,583 $19,012 Region B 83 1051 163 63 1277 12.66 1.96 0.76 15.39 $20,911,283 $16,375 Region C 134 596 242 105 943 4.45 1.81 0.78 7.04 $31,973,095 $33,906 Region D 63 500 232 17 749 7.94 3.68 0.27 11.89 $13,204,695 $17,630 Region E 49 343 124 26 493 7.00 2.53 0.53 10.06 $9,859,391 $19,999 Region F 71 409 150 16 575 5.76 2.11 0.23 8.10 $14,940,426 $25,983 Region G 103 1002 186 28 1216 9.73 1.81 0.27 11.81 $24,925,597 $20,498 Region H 42 136 86 8 230 3.24 2.05 0.19 5.48 $8,191,762 $35,616 Region 1 15 353 50 5 408 23.53 3.33 0.33 27.20 $3,439,998 $8,431 Region J 70 172 59 22 253 2.46 0.84 0.31 3.61 $14,272,313 $56,412 Total 840 6541 2210 574 9325 7.79 2.63 0.68 11.10 $202,197,142 $21,683 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 57 ------- Table 31. 2003-2008 Assessment Grant Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete by Award Year Award Year Number of Grants Number of Assessments Complete Number of Assessments Complete per Grant Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Assessment Complete Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total 2003 114 1229 445 99 1773 10.78 3.90 0.87 15.55 $30,443,856 $17,171 2004 149 1669 446 102 2217 11.20 2.99 0.68 14.88 $34,118,130 $15,389 2005 141 1279 402 67 1748 9.07 2.85 0.48 12.40 $31,216,751 $17,859 2006 143 1066 404 118 1588 7.45 2.83 0.83 11.10 $32,991,174 $20,775 2007 146 815 313 123 1251 5.58 2.14 0.84 8.57 $34,292,028 $27,412 2008 147 483 200 65 748 3.29 1.36 0.44 5.09 $39,135,203 $52,320 Total 840 6541 2210 574 9325 7.79 2.63 0.68 11.10 $202,197,142 $21,683 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 58 ------- Table 32. 2003-2008 Assessment Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete by EPA Region EPA Region Number of Grants Number of Assessments Complete Number of Assessments Complete per Grant Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Region A 210 1979 918 284 3181 9.42 4.37 1.35 15.15 $53,632,732 $16,860 Region B 83 1051 163 63 1277 12.66 1.96 0.76 15.39 $16,071,101 $12,585 Region C 134 596 242 105 943 4.45 1.81 0.78 7.04 $27,848,170 $29,531 Region D 63 500 232 17 749 7.94 3.68 0.27 11.89 $11,560,254 $15,434 Region E 49 343 124 26 493 7.00 2.53 0.53 10.06 $8,902,272 $18,057 Region F 71 409 150 16 575 5.76 2.11 0.23 8.10 $13,241,052 $23,028 Region G 103 1002 186 28 1216 9.73 1.81 0.27 11.81 $22,440,457 $18,454 Region H 42 136 86 8 230 3.24 2.05 0.19 5.48 $7,843,084 $34,100 Region 1 15 353 50 5 408 23.53 3.33 0.33 27.20 $2,924,345 $7,168 Region J 70 172 59 22 253 2.46 0.84 0.31 3.61 $9,028,910 $35,687 Total 840 6541 2210 574 9325 7.79 2.63 0.68 11.10 $173,492,376 $18,605 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 59 ------- Table 33. 2003-2008 Assessment Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete by Award Year Award Year Number of Grants Number of Assessments Complete Number of Assessments Complete per Grant Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Assessment Complete Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total Phase 1 Phase II Supplemental Total 2003 114 1229 445 99 1773 10.78 3.90 0.87 15.55 $30,368,373 $17,128 2004 149 1669 446 102 2217 11.20 2.99 0.68 14.88 $32,784,303 $14,788 2005 141 1279 402 67 1748 9.07 2.85 0.48 12.40 $29,939,858 $17,128 2006 143 1066 404 118 1588 7.45 2.83 0.83 11.10 $29,094,669 $18,322 2007 146 815 313 123 1251 5.58 2.14 0.84 8.57 $28,145,344 $22,498 2008 147 483 200 65 748 3.29 1.36 0.44 5.09 $23,159,828 $30,962 Total 840 6541 2210 574 9325 7.79 2.63 0.68 11.10 $173,492,376 $18,605 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 60 ------- Table 34. 2003-2008 Revolving Loan Fund and Cleanup Grant Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete by EPA Region EPA Region Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Cleanups Complete Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete Cleanups Complete Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete Region A 45 $41,318,138 $918,181 67 $20,161,387 $300,916 Region B 11 $16,116,010 $1,465,092 32 $10,782,931 $336,967 Region C 36 $34,182,636 $949,518 60 $24,393,582 $406,560 Region D 4 $7,797,783 $1,949,446 9 $4,359,380 $484,376 Region E 4 $9,333,522 $2,333,381 22 $4,359,930 $198,179 Region F 7 $7,974,484 $1,139,212 20 $4,170,247 $208,512 Region G 3 $11,312,546 $3,770,849 13 $7,258,666 $558,359 Region H 5 $12,116,114 $2,423,223 30 $6,756,038 $225,201 Region 1 4 $2,378,500 $594,625 15 $4,455,267 $297,018 Region J 0 $3,000,000 -- 8 $5,130,289 $641,286 Total 119 $145,529,733 $1,222,939 276 $91,827,716 $332,709 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 61 ------- Table 35. 2003-2008 Revolving Loan Fund and Cleanup Grant Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete by Award Year Award Year Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Cleanups Complete Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete Cleanups Complete Dollars Obligated Dollars Obligated per Cleanup Complete 2003 41 $34,221,533 $834,672 52 $10,943,099 $210,444 2004 40 $33,648,635 $841,216 60 $13,864,284 $231,071 2005 9 $18,391,732 $2,043,526 59 $14,299,066 $242,357 2006 11 $22,257,163 $2,023,378 41 $16,212,835 $395,435 2007 16 $25,126,800 $1,570,425 31 $17,952,524 $579,114 2008 2 $11,883,870 $5,941,935 33 $18,555,909 $562,300 Total 119 $145,529,733 $1,222,939 276 $91,827,716 $332,709 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 62 ------- Table 36. 2003-2008 Revolving Loan Fund and Cleanup Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete by EPA Region EPA Region Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Cleanups Complete Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete Cleanups Complete Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete Region A 45 $21,211,387 $471,364 67 $17,065,802 $254,713 Region B 11 $7,775,200 $706,836 32 $9,102,546 $284,455 Region C 36 $16,643,731 $462,326 60 $20,267,243 $337,787 Region D 4 $4,828,844 $1,207,211 9 $3,508,488 $389,832 Region E 4 $4,370,249 $1,092,562 22 $3,916,157 $178,007 Region F 7 $3,528,224 $504,032 20 $3,884,047 $194,202 Region G 3 $6,419,595 $2,139,865 13 $6,335,902 $487,377 Region H 5 $6,292,727 $1,258,546 30 $6,471,781 $215,726 Region 1 4 $970,975 $242,744 15 $4,397,920 $293,195 Region J 0 $1,162,562 -- 8 $3,482,770 $435,346 Total 119 $73,203,496 $615,155 276 $78,432,657 $284,176 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 63 ------- Table 37. 2003-2008 Revolving Loan Fund and Cleanup Grant Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete by Award Year Award Year Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Cleanups Complete Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete Cleanups Complete Dollars Drawn Down Dollars Drawn Down per Cleanup Complete 2003 41 $23,972,764 $584,702 52 $10,540,170 $202,696 2004 40 $17,330,720 $433,268 60 $13,607,145 $226,786 2005 9 $9,019,369 $1,002,152 59 $13,942,369 $236,311 2006 11 $12,442,340 $1,131,122 41 $14,157,534 $345,306 2007 16 $7,043,201 $440,200 31 $13,815,776 $445,670 2008 2 $3,395,102 $1,697,551 33 $12,369,663 $374,838 Total 119 $73,203,496 $615,155 276 $78,432,657 $284,176 Note: Table is limited to grants with nonzero obligations as of June 9, 2011. 64 ------- Table 38. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by Open vs. Closed Award Status and EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Region A 216 122 56.4% 94 43.5% 29 24 82.7% 5 17.2% 86 45 52.3% 41 47.6% Region B 85 38 44.7% 47 55.2% 16 13 81.2% 3 18.7% 51 22 43.1% 29 56.8% Region C 135 65 48.1% 70 51.8% 32 24 75.0% 8 25.0% 126 69 54.7% 57 45.2% Region D 63 26 41.2% 37 58.7% 7 6 85.7% 1 14.2% 25 14 56.0% 11 44.0% Region E 49 21 42.8% 28 57.1% 7 6 85.7% 1 14.2% 29 6 20.6% 23 79.3% Region F 73 46 63.0% 27 36.9% 12 9 75.0% 3 25.0% 24 9 37.5% 15 62.5% Region G 104 52 50.0% 52 50.0% 8 8 100.0% 0 0.0% 33 16 48.4% 17 51.5% Region H 44 8 18.1% 36 81.8% 4 3 75.0% 1 25.0% 38 4 10.5% 34 89.4% Region 1 19 5 26.3% 14 73.6% 3 2 66.6% 1 33.3% 24 10 41.6% 14 58.3% Region J 72 55 76.3% 17 23.6% 6 5 83.3% 1 16.6% 23 16 69.5% 7 30.4% Total 860 438 50.9% 422 49.0% 124 100 80.6% 24 19.3% 459 211 45.9% 248 54.0% 65 ------- Table 39. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by Open vs. Closed Award Status and Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Open Awards Closed Awards Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year 2003 117 11 9.4% 106 90.5% 36 23 63.8% 13 36.1% 54 8 14.8% 46 85.1% 2004 154 17 11.0% 137 88.9% 28 20 71.4% 8 28.5% 68 10 14.7% 58 85.2% 2005 146 30 20.5% 116 79.4% 15 12 80.0% 3 20.0% 84 10 11.9% 74 88.0% 2006 147 90 61.2% 57 38.7% 18 18 100.0% 0 0.0% 81 37 45.6% 44 54.3% 2007 147 142 96.5% 5 3.4% 17 17 100.0% 0 0.0% 84 69 82.1% 15 17.8% 2008 149 148 99.3% 1 0.6% 10 10 100.0% 0 0.0% 88 77 87.5% 11 12.5% Total 860 438 50.9% 422 49.0% 124 100 80.6% 24 19.3% 459 211 45.9% 248 54.0% 66 ------- Table 40. Number of Associated Properties per 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grant by EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant Region A 216 10.79 29 2.14 86 1.05 Region B 85 14.07 16 0.88 51 0.82 Region C 135 6.58 32 2.34 126 1.08 Region D 63 9.40 7 6.14 25 0.64 Region E 49 9.76 7 0.71 29 0.90 Region F 73 7.18 12 0.67 24 1.04 Region G 104 10.89 8 1.63 33 0.97 Region H 44 5.61 4 3.00 38 1.08 Region 1 19 19.16 3 1.67 24 0.83 Region J 72 3.78 6 0.33 23 1.00 Total 860 9.33 124 1.93 459 0.98 67 ------- Table 41. Number of Associated Properties per 2003-2008 Brownfields Assessment, Revolving Loan Fund, and Cleanup Grant by Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant Number of Grants Associated Properties per Grant 2003 117 13.17 36 1.94 54 1.28 2004 154 12.89 28 3.07 68 1.19 2005 146 10.10 15 1.40 84 0.90 2006 147 8.84 18 0.94 81 0.83 2007 147 7.11 17 2.06 84 1.02 2008 149 4.56 10 1.00 88 0.82 Total 860 9.33 124 1.93 459 0.98 68 ------- Table 42. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by Associated Properties Status and EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Region A 216 175 81.0% 41 18.9% 29 17 58.6% 12 41.3% 86 67 77.9% 19 22.0% Region B 85 67 78.8% 18 21.1% 16 6 37.5% 10 62.5% 51 34 66.6% 17 33.3% Region C 135 125 92.5% 10 7.4% 32 23 71.8% 9 28.1% 126 119 94.4% 7 5.5% Region D 63 52 82.5% 11 17.4% 7 5 71.4% 2 28.5% 25 16 64.0% 9 36.0% Region E 49 44 89.7% 5 10.2% 7 4 57.1% 3 42.8% 29 26 89.6% 3 10.3% Region F 73 60 82.1% 13 17.8% 12 3 25.0% 9 75.0% 24 23 95.8% 1 4.1% Region G 104 94 90.3% 10 9.6% 8 6 75.0% 2 25.0% 33 27 81.8% 6 18.1% Region H 44 37 84.0% 7 15.9% 4 3 75.0% 1 25.0% 38 35 92.1% 3 7.8% Region 1 19 18 94.7% 1 5.2% 3 2 66.6% 1 33.3% 24 20 83.3% 4 16.6% Region J 72 47 65.2% 25 34.7% 6 1 16.6% 5 83.3% 23 19 82.6% 4 17.3% Total 860 719 83.6% 141 16.3% 124 70 56.4% 54 43.5% 459 386 84.0% 73 15.9% 69 ------- Table 43. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by Associated Properties Status and Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Associated with Properties Not Associated with Properties Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year 2003 117 107 91.4% 10 8.5% 36 24 66.6% 12 33.3% 54 50 92.5% 4 7.4% 2004 154 145 94.1% 9 5.8% 28 15 53.5% 13 46.4% 68 64 94.1% 4 5.8% 2005 146 123 84.2% 23 15.7% 15 8 53.3% 7 46.6% 84 72 85.7% 12 14.2% 2006 147 124 84.3% 23 15.6% 18 9 50.0% 9 50.0% 81 63 77.7% 18 22.2% 2007 147 117 79.5% 30 20.4% 17 9 52.9% 8 47.0% 84 73 86.9% 11 13.0% 2008 149 103 69.1% 46 30.8% 10 5 50.0% 5 50.0% 88 64 72.7% 24 27.2% Total 860 719 83.6% 141 16.3% 124 70 56.4% 54 43.5% 459 386 84.0% 73 15.9% 70 ------- Table 44. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by GPRA Accomplishment Status and EPA Region EPA Region Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Number of Grants Percent of Region Region A 216 169 78.2% 47 21.7% 29 13 44.8% 16 55.1% 86 51 59.3% 35 40.6% Region B 85 51 60.0% 34 40.0% 16 5 31.2% 11 68.7% 51 28 54.9% 23 45.0% Region C 135 115 85.1% 20 14.8% 32 18 56.2% 14 43.7% 126 71 56.3% 55 43.6% Region D 63 46 73.0% 17 26.9% 7 4 57.1% 3 42.8% 25 8 32.0% 17 68.0% Region E 49 40 81.6% 9 18.3% 7 3 42.8% 4 57.1% 29 22 75.8% 7 24.1% Region F 73 57 78.0% 16 21.9% 12 3 25.0% 9 75.0% 24 18 75.0% 6 25.0% Region G 104 89 85.5% 15 14.4% 8 3 37.5% 5 62.5% 33 17 51.5% 16 48.4% Region H 44 31 70.4% 13 29.5% 4 2 50.0% 2 50.0% 38 29 76.3% 9 23.6% Region 1 19 16 84.2% 3 15.7% 3 2 66.6% 1 33.3% 24 15 62.5% 9 37.5% Region J 72 37 51.3% 35 48.6% 6 1 16.6% 5 83.3% 23 8 34.7% 15 65.2% Total 860 651 75.6% 209 24.3% 124 54 43.5% 70 56.4% 459 267 58.1% 192 41.8% 71 ------- Table 45. 2003-2008 Brownfields ARC Grants by GPRA Accomplishment Status and Award Year Award Year Assessment Grants Revolving Loan Funds Cleanup Grants Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Not Associated with GPRA Accomplishments Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year Number of Grants Percent of Year 2003 117 99 84.6% 18 15.3% 36 21 58.3% 15 41.6% 54 44 81.4% 10 18.5% 2004 154 125 81.1% 29 18.8% 28 13 46.4% 15 53.5% 68 52 76.4% 16 23.5% 2005 146 115 78.7% 31 21.2% 15 7 46.6% 8 53.3% 84 61 72.6% 23 27.3% 2006 147 118 80.2% 29 19.7% 18 4 22.2% 14 77.7% 81 41 50.6% 40 49.3% 2007 147 109 74.1% 38 25.8% 17 6 35.2% 11 64.7% 84 32 38.0% 52 61.9% 2008 149 85 57.0% 64 42.9% 10 3 30.0% 7 70.0% 88 37 42.0% 51 57.9% Total 860 651 75.6% 209 24.3% 124 54 43.5% 70 56.4% 459 267 58.1% 192 41.8% 72 ------- 73 ------- |