xvEPA

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Reuse and the Benefit to Community
South Point Plant Superfund Site

Executive Summary

The tri-state region, where Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia come together along the Ohio River, has long been
one of the nation's commercial and industrial manufacturing hubs. Decades of manufacturing activities in this
area contaminated soil and ground water. Cooperation among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
the Lawrence Economic Development Corporation (LEDC) and other stakeholders has resulted in the successful
cleanup and reuse of part of the area known as the South Point Plant Superfund site. Stakeholders recognized
that the site's location and proximity to existing infrastructure would make it an ideal location for an industrial
park. Project priorities included designing a remedy that would be compatible with future site uses and
addressing liability concerns.

Today, 21 commercial, industrial and local government facilities are open for business at the site, serving as an
economic engine for surrounding communities and the tri-state region. Site uses also provide valuable public
services and educational resources to the local community. Businesses include the Ohio Strategic Training
Center (OSTC), a machining and fabrication operation, a shipbuilding and repair business, a motor vehicle parts
wholesaler, mail and package delivery businesses, a right-of-way and vegetation management company, and
various other manufacturers, as well as the LEDC. This case study explores the site's cleanup, reuse and
continued use, illustrating the opportunities and beneficial effects of Superfund redevelopment in action.

Beneficial Effects

•	Twenty-one commercial, industrial and local government businesses are currently active at the
site.

•	Site businesses employ over 950 people, providing annual employment income of about $47.2
million to the local community.

•	In 2013, site properties generated over $150,000 in tax revenues and have an estimated value of
$11.7 million.

South Point Plant
Superfund Site

.shland

South Point

Ohio River

Catlettsburg

Sandy River

South Point, Ohio

i

Figure 1. The site's location in South Point, Lawrence County, Ohio.

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Introduction

When a Superfund site is restored for reuse, it can revitalize a local economy with jobs, new businesses, tax
revenues and spending. Cleanup may also take place while there are active land uses on site. This case study
captures the beneficial effects of the continued use and redevelopment at the South Point Plant Superfund site,
both on-site and in the community.

The site occupies about 610 acres in the village of South Point in Lawrence County, Ohio (Figure 1). It is part of
the tri-state region, where Kentucky, West Virginia and Ohio meet. U.S. Route 52 borders the site to the east
and the Ohio River borders the site to the west. Residential, commercial and agricultural areas are located to the
north and south. Nearby cities include Huntington, West Virginia, about 10 miles to the southeast, and Ashland,
Kentucky, about seven miles to the northwest. According to 2013 Census data estimates, about 62,000 people
live in Lawrence County.

Site History

Between 1943 and 1997, manufacturing facilities operated on
site. Activities included the production of ammonium nitrate
explosives, fertilizers, industrial chemicals, coal pitch pellets,
ethanol and liquid carbon dioxide. Investigations between 1981
and 1984 by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio
EPA) determined that facility operations, waste disposal activities
and four major releases resulted in the contamination of soil and
ground water with volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds,
ammonia, nitrates and metals. In 1981, one of the site's
potentially responsible parties (PRPs), South Point Ethanol, Inc.

(SPE), installed ground water extraction wells between the site
and the Ohio River to help capture contaminated ground water.

In September 1984, EPA placed the site on the Superfund program's National Priorities List.

Site Cleanup and Transformation

Following investigations and a risk assessment, EPA selected a cleanup plan in 1997. Further assessment found
that contamination affected only small areas of the site. In March 1999, the site's PRPs, which included Ashland
Oil, Allied Signal and South Point Ethanol put institutional controls in place for the site. These controls limit land
uses to industrial and commercial uses and restrict the use of ground water in the area. Cleanup began in May
2001 and included excavation and off-site disposal of some contaminated soil, consolidation and capping of the
remaining contaminated soil, ground water monitoring, and continued operation of the site's ground water
extraction system. The system will continue pumping and treating between two and four million gallons of
water daily until cleanup goals are met. The PRPs completed construction of the site's remedy in December
2001.

Throughout the cleanup, EPA staff met regularly with community stakeholders to share site information and
bring community feedback into the Superfund process. The remedy was compatible with the site's planned
reuse for commercial and industrial purposes. Coordination with EPA also made it possible for three existing
businesses - American Bottling Company, Pyro-Chem Corporation and Quality Carriers - to continue operating
on site during and after cleanup.

Figure 2. Aerial view of past
manufacturing activities at the site

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The catalyst and champion for much of the
site's redevelopment was the LEDC, a non-
profit community organization. Local
governments established the LEDC in the

early 1980s as part of a region-wide
economic revitalization effort. As the
economic development agent for
Lawrence County, the LEDC's goals are job
creation and retention. After evaluating
several economic development
opportunities, the LEDC identified the site
as the leading candidate for an industrial
park centrally located on the Ohio River,
close to transportation networks and
infrastructure.

In 2001, the LEDC purchased 500 acres of
the 610-acre site property for $3.68 million
from Ashland, Inc., one of the site's PRPs.
Later that year, EPA awarded the LEDC a
Superfund Redevelopment pilot grant to
evaluate potential site reuse opportunities.
With EPA's support, the LEDC developed a
two-phase, community-based master plan
to transform the site into an industrial park
named "The Point." The plan's vision was
to create a manufacturing center and
intermodal transportation and logistics hub
that would serve as a valuable regional
resource.

North

~ Site Boundary

0 375 750 1,500 2,250

Figure 3. Aerial view of The Point



The current and projected future success of redevelopment at The
Point relies on the infrastructure that the LEDC provides for site
businesses. With riverfront access to the Ohio River, easy access to the
interstate and eight miles of railway track, businesses at The Point are
able to take advantage of several methods of transporting goods. The
LEDC has also provided a rail scale, a truck scale and a rubber-tired
gantry crane for their use.

The LEDC soon started marketing and outreach efforts to attract businesses to The Point. Throughout the
process, the LEDC built relationships with regional, state, and federal organizations and elected officials, and
pursued state and federal resources. In October 2004, EPA issued a Ready for Reuse (RfR) Determination stating
that the LEDC parcels were "Ready for Industrial Reuse." LEDC staff
notes that the RfR Determination makes a significant difference in the
LEDC's ability to recruit businesses to the industrial park. Engines Inc.,
a parts fabrication plant, was The Point's critical first tenant.

Figure 4. Presentation of the RfR
Determination in 2004

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In addition to The Point's large, contiguous acreage, proximity to
major markets, deep-water port frontage on the Ohio River, and
access to transportation networks, the industrial park also benefits
from ongoing infrastructure and economic development initiatives in
the tri-state region. These efforts include the expansion of the
Heartland Corridor rail network and the expansion of the Port of
Huntington. In July 2011, Lawrence County achieved Foreign Trade
Zone status, a federal designation designed to facilitate international
trade and increase the global competitiveness of American
companies.

The LEDC's efforts at The Point, "Southern Ohio's Premier Industrial
Park," have focused on increasing employment opportunities in the
area. The emphasis on becoming an intermodal transportation center
for the region and providing infrastructure for industrial companies
has been critical in recruiting businesses and maximizing jobs at The
Point. Additionally, when recruiting businesses, the LEDC looks for
companies that will install high-value equipment at The Point. This
commitment helps ensure that the businesses and jobs stay in the area for the long term.

Local Business Development

Today, 21 site businesses support over 950 jobs and contribute about $47.2 million in annual employment
income to the community. These businesses bolster the region's economy, provide valuable services to the local
community, and help generate local and state sales and property tax revenues.

Table 1. List of Identified Site Businesses

M & M Service Station Equipment Specialist
Jennmar McSweeney
Mercier's
Ohio Strategic Training Center
Orica
PRD Technologies
Pyro-Chem Corporation
RW Rentals & Supply, L.L.C.

Quality Carriers
Superior Marine Ways
The American Bottling Company

This section describes several of the businesses at the site.

Emerson Network Power

This company protects and optimizes critical infrastructure for data centers, communications networks,
healthcare and industrial facilities. It employs 75 people, contributing over $5.4 million in estimated annual
employment income.

Figure 5. Entrance sign for The Point

Applied Industrial Technologies
Calgon Carbon Services
Emerson Network Power
Engines Inc. of Ohio
Expedited Mechanical Solutions
FedEx

Intermountain Electronics Company
Ken Builders Supply
Lawrence Economic Development Corporation
M & M Mailing Company

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Engines Inc. of Ohio

This business provides custom rail car fabrication, steel
mill services, blasting, painting and specialty
machining services. It employs 100 people,
contributing over $6.3 million in estimated annual
employment income. Estimated 2013 sales reached
$6.7 million.

Ken Builders Supply	Figure 6.

This commercial and residential building supply
company is one of nine branch distribution centers serving Ohio,
Kentucky, West Virginia and central Indiana. It employs 20 people,
contributing over $940,000 in estimated annual income.

Applied Industrial Technologies

This leading North American distributor of industrial products and
services serves many industries, including the mining, government,
chemical and petrochemical, transportation and utility sectors. It
employs 25 people and provides an estimated $1.1 million in
estimated annual employment income.

Ken Builders Supply

Orica

This 80,000-square-foot manufacturing plant produces a wide Figure 7. Orica
range of steel products, including bolts and plates used in the
underground mining, tunneling and civil engineering fields.

The company moved to The Point in 2013. It employs 75
people, contributing $3.9 million in estimated annual
employment income. The LEDC expects that Orica will employ
100 people in the near future.

M & M Mailing Company

This direct mail advertising company specializes in inkjetting,
personalization, mail preparation and political campaign
mailings. It employs 17 people, providing nearly $670,000 in
estimated annual employment income. Estimated 2013 sales Figure 8. Jennmar McSweeney
reached $500,000.

Jennmar McSweeney

This drill steel manufacturer moved to the site in 2013. It
provides services to the mining, railroad, construction and
highway industries. Its 55,000-square-foot facility employs
200 people, contributing nearly $10.5 million in estimated
annual employment income.

FedEx

This global firm provides worldwide freight, package
delivery and distribution services. Its on-site distribution
facility employs about 200 people and provides over $5.8 million in estimated annual employment income.

Figure 9. FedEx

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"Our priority was making sure that the agencies understood the value of the site, and that the community
would be able to use this remarkable property for industrial land uses in the future."

- Dr. Bill Dingus, LEDC Executive Director

Pyro-Chem Corporation

Careful planning and cooperation between EPA and site
property owners enabled this business to continue
operating during and after the site's cleanup. Pyro-Chem
Corporation manufactures premixed fire retardant mine
sealants used in the underground coal mining industry.
Pyro-Chem relocated to South Point in 1992 to be close to
major U.S. underground coalfields. In 1994, the company
moved into a new 18,500-square-foot building on site. The
facility employs 14 people, contributing over $990,000 in
estimated annual employment income. Estimated 2013
sales reached $4.5 million.

Figure 10, The American Bottling Company

The American Bottling Company

This manufacturer, bottler and distributor of soft drinks operates a 37,000-square-foot facility in the
northwestern corner of the site. It employs 45 people, contributing over $2.1 million in estimated annual
employment income. The business is another example of continued use at the site.

LEDC and the Ohio Strategic Training Center
Offices at 216 Collins Avenue house the LEDC and the Ohio
Strategic Training Center (OSTC). The LEDC offers several
services to area businesses, including financial and technical
assistance, resource information, site and building
inventories, and industrial development. The OSTC provides
creative, results-oriented training and customized business
solutions. Led by a group of local business and education
professionals, the OSTC actively works with area businesses
and industries to meet their needs for a skilled, sustainable
workforce. The Lawrence City Chamber of Commerce also
operates as part of the LEDC. The LEDC employs 13 people
and contributes over $350,000 in annual income to the local
community. Annual business sales in 2013 reached $4.6 million

Figure 11. LEDC's offices at The Point

Property Values and Tax Revenues

In 2013, site properties generated over $150,000 in total tax revenues, with an estimated total property value
of over $11.6 million. On-site businesses that produce retail sales and services also generate tax revenues
through the collection of sales taxes, which support state and local governments.

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Future Site Use

Looking forward, EPA will continue to work with site stakeholders to
support protective reuses and ensure the long-term stewardship of
the remedy. Recent LEDC recruiting efforts have attracted three new
companies to The Point, Expected to open by the summer of 2015,
these new businesses will provide an estimated 200 additional on-
site jobs. Plans for The Point include recruiting additional tenants,
expanding facilities and building an intermodal facility that will serve
as a vital road, rail and river transportation resource for the region.

Conclusion

Collaboration and cooperation among EPA, state and local agencies,
area communities, responsible parties, developers and site business
owners has been key to the successful cleanup, reuse and continued use of the South Point Plant Superfund site.
EPA's carefully designed cleanup protected public health and the environment, and supported the revitalization
of the local community. Today, site uses provide valuable public services and educational resources, and support
local economic growth, providing over 950 jobs and $47.2 million in annual employee income and generating
over $150,000 in tax revenues in 2013.

As businesses continue to locate at The Point, additional jobs and tax revenues will continue to benefit the area,
and the industrial park will continue to play a vital role in the reestablishment of one of the country's
preeminent industrial regions.

Figure 13. View of the Ohio River, looking north from The Point

#.int INDUSTRIAL

Southern Ohio's —

rmnitrIrtMiUMk PROPERTY
FOR SALE, LEASE, OR
BUILD TO SUIT

For information: (740) 377-4550

1-800-408-1334
www.thepointindustrialpark.org

Figure 12. Sign advertising land available
for development at The Point

For more information about EPA's Superfund Redevelopment Initiative (SRI), visit:

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/proarams/recvcle/index.html.

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