EPA's Proposed RFS
"Set 2" Rule

Fact Sheet: Under the
Renewable Fuel Standard

Jfc United States
W!—WEnvironmental Protection
M %Agency

EPA-420-F-25-006 | June 2025 | Renewable Fuel Standard Program
epa.gov/renewable-fuel-standard-program


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Fact Sheet: EPA's Proposed "Set 2" Rule
Under the Renewable Fuel Standard

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking a major step
forward to strengthen American energy security and support
American farmers by proposing Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)
volume requirements for 2026 and 2027. The proposed rule sets new
volume requirements and makes a series of proposed changes to the
program. Collectively, the proposed package represents a critical and
much-needed step in the evolution of this important program.

Strengthening an important statutory program

EPA is required to implement the RFS program established by
Congress in the Clean Air Act, as amended by the Energy
Independence and Security Act of 2007. This program calls for an
ongoing series of actions to be taken, including setting annual
standards and implementing regulatory changes on an as-needed
basis to maintain and enhance the program.

This proposed rule strengthens U.S. energy security by reducing
reliance on foreign sources of oil by roughly 150,000 barrels of oil per
day over the time frame of the Set 2 rule, 2026 and 2027.

The proposal supports PresidentTrump's broader economic vision of
strengthening American energy independence, growing domestic
agricultural markets, and fighting back against unfair trade practices.
These volume requirements, if finalized, will protect investments
made by American corn and soybean growers, oilseed processors,
and biodiesel and renewable diesel producers, whose products are
criticalto our country's energy security and keeping rural economies
strong.

Eliminating "e-RINs" from the RFS program

Since RINs from electricity, or "e-RINs," should never have been part
of the RFS program EPA is also proposing to remove the definition of
"renewable electricity" from our regulations along with the
regulations associated with generating RINs for renewable electricity.

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in doing so we are re-focusing the program on its core statutory goals
regarding liquid fuels.

Putting American Feedstock Producers First

As part of this package, EPA is proposing to modify the value of a RIN
based on whetherthe biofuel is derived from domestic orforeign
sources. Specifically, EPA is proposingto amend RFS regulations so
that foreign biofuels and feedstocks would only generate 50 percent
of the RIN value relative to domestic biofuels and feedstocks. By
reducing the value of the RIN for foreign biofuels and feedstocks, it
will decrease America's reliance on imports, promote U.S.
production, strengthen support for rural agricultural sectors, and
increase American energy security.

EPA is proposing this change in light of the significant growth in
imports the program has seen in recent years. The table below, based
on EPA data, shows the sharp uptick in volumes of biofuels used in
the RFS program that are either imported from foreign countries or
produced in the U.S. but from foreign feedstocks.

Rising share of biofuels derived from foreign countries

6.00

5.00

£ 4.00
o
"ra

O 3.00
c

0

1	2.00
1.00

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

¦	Domestic Feedstocks ¦ Imported Feedstocks

¦	Imported Biofuels

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Strong, balanced growth targets for renewable fuel
production over2 years

The Set 2 Rule proposes the biofuel volume requirements and
associated percentage standards for cellulosic biofuel, biomass-
based diesel (BBD), advanced biofuel, and total renewable fuel for
2026 and 2027. If finalized, the volumes proposed in this action
would be the highest volume requirements ever under the RFS
program. The proposed volumes will help support domestic
producers of feedstocks like soybean oil, which is used to make
biodiesel and renewable diesel. Additionally, EPA is proposingto
retain the statutory target of 15 billion gallons for conventional
ethanol, which is critical to support U.S. domestic bioenergy
production.

Proposed Volume Requirements 2023 - 2027 (billion RINs)

Billion RINs

Volume Requirement
Established in Set 1 Rule

Proposed Volume
Requirements

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Cellulosic biofuel

0.84

1.09

1.38

1.30

1.36

Biomass-based diesel
(RINs)

4.51

4.86

5.36

7.12

7.50

Biomass-based diesel
(gallons) - projected

2.82

3.04

3.35

5.61

5.86

Advanced biofuel

5.94

6.54

7.33

9.02

9.46

Total renewable fuel

20.94

21.54

22.33

24.02

24.46

Conventional (implied
mandate)

15.00

15.00

15.00

15.00

15.00

One RIN is equivalent to one ethanol-equivalent gallon of renewable
fuel. Through 2025, the BBD volume requirement was established in
physical gallons rather than RiNs. We are proposingto now specify the
BBD volume requirement in RINs, consistent with the other three
renewable fuel categories, rather than physical gallons.

For more information on the Set 2 Rule, please visit
https://www.epa.Rov/renewable fuel standard program


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